Ƙungiyar JEDEC har yanzu ba ta buga ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun bayanai don tsara na gaba na DDR5 RAM (ƙwaƙwalwar damar bazuwar bazuwar, DRAM). Amma rashin takardar shedar baya hana masana'antun DRAM da masu haɓaka tsarin daban-daban akan guntu (system-on-chip, SoC) shirya don ƙaddamar da shi. Makon da ya gabata, Cadence, mai haɓaka kayan masarufi da software don ƙirƙirar kwakwalwan kwamfuta, ya raba bayanansa game da shigar DDR5 cikin kasuwa da ƙarin haɓakawa.
DDR5 dandamali: fiye da 12 a cikin ci gaba
Shaharar kowane nau'in ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya ana ƙaddara ta shaharar dandamalin da ke goyan bayanta, kuma DDR5 ba banda. Game da DDR5, mun san tabbas cewa masu sarrafa AMD EPYC na ƙarni na Genoa za su sami goyan baya, da kuma na'urori na Intel Xeon Scalable na ƙarni na Sapphire Rapids lokacin da aka sake su a ƙarshen 2021 ko farkon 2022. Cadence, wanda ya riga ya ba da mai sarrafa DDR5 da DDR5 na zahiri (PHY) ga masu zanen guntu don ba da izini, ya ce yana da fiye da dozin SoCs a cikin haɓaka don tallafawa ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya na gaba. Wasu daga cikin waɗannan tsarin-kan-chip za su bayyana a baya, wasu daga baya, amma a wannan mataki a bayyane yake cewa sha'awar sabuwar fasahar tana da girma sosai.
Cadence yana da kwarin gwiwa cewa mai sarrafa DDR5 na kamfanin da DDR5 PHY suna da cikakkiyar yarda da sigar ƙayyadaddun JEDEC mai zuwa 1.0, don haka SoCs waɗanda ke amfani da fasahar Cadence za su dace da ƙirar ƙwaƙwalwar DDR5 waɗanda za su bayyana daga baya.
“Kusanci shiga cikin ƙungiyoyin aiki na JEDEC yana da fa'ida. Muna samun ra'ayi na yadda ma'aunin zai samo asali. Mu ne mai sarrafawa da mai ba da kayayyaki na PHY kuma muna iya tsammanin kowane canje-canje masu yuwuwa akan hanyar zuwa daidaitawa na ƙarshe. A farkon kwanakin daidaitawa, mun sami damar ɗaukar daidaitattun abubuwa a ƙarƙashin haɓakawa kuma muyi aiki tare da abokan aikinmu don samun mai sarrafa aiki da samfurin PHY. Yayin da muke matsawa zuwa buga ma'auni, muna da ƙarin shaidar cewa kunshin kayanmu na fasaha (IP) zai goyi bayan na'urorin DDR5 masu dacewa, "in ji Marc Greenberg, darektan tallan na DRAM IP a Cadence.
Antre: 16-Gbit DDR5-4800 kwakwalwan kwamfuta
Canji zuwa DDR5 yana haifar da ƙalubale mai mahimmanci ga masana'antun ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, kamar yadda sabon nau'in DRAM dole ne ya samar da ƙarin ƙarfin guntu, ƙimar canja wurin bayanai, haɓaka ingantaccen aiki (kowace mitar agogo da kowane tashoshi) kuma a lokaci guda rage yawan amfani da wutar lantarki. Bugu da kari, ana sa ran DDR5 zai sauƙaƙa haɗa na'urorin DRAM da yawa a cikin fakiti ɗaya, yana ba da damar samun babban ƙarfin tsarin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya fiye da abin da masana'antu ke amfani da su a yau.
Micron da SK Hynix sun riga sun ba da sanarwar fara isar da samfuran ƙwaƙwalwar ƙirar samfuri dangane da kwakwalwan kwamfuta na 16-Gbit DDR5 ga abokan aikinsu. Samsung, babban kamfanin kera DRAM a duniya, bai tabbatar da fara jigilar kayayyaki a hukumance ba, amma daga sanarwarsa a taron ISSCC 2019, mun san cewa kamfanin yana aiki tare da kwakwalwan kwamfuta 16-Gbit da nau'ikan nau'ikan DDR5 (duk da haka, wannan yana yin hakan. ba yana nufin cewa kwakwalwan kwamfuta 8-Gbit Ba za a sami DDR5 ba). A kowane hali, yana bayyana cewa ƙwaƙwalwar DDR5 za ta kasance daga duk manyan masana'antun DRAM guda uku lokacin da dandamali daban-daban suka fara bayyana akan kasuwa.
Cadence yana da kwarin gwiwa cewa kwakwalwan kwamfuta na DDR5 na farko za su sami ƙarfin 16 Gbit da ƙimar canja wurin bayanai na 4800 Mega Canja wurin a sakan daya (MT/s). An tabbatar da wannan a kaikaice ta hanyar nunin SK Hynix DDR5-4800 module a CES 2020, haɗe tare da sanarwar fara samfur (tsarin aika samfuran samfur ga abokan tarayya). Daga DDR5-4800, sabon ƙarni na ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya zai haɓaka ta hanyoyi biyu: iya aiki da aiki.
Gabaɗaya vectors don haɓaka DDR5, bisa ga tsammanin Cadence:
- Ƙarfin guntu ɗaya zai fara a 16 Gbit, sannan ya ƙaru zuwa 24 Gbit (na tsammanin ƙirar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya na 24 GB ko 48 GB), sannan zuwa 32 Gbit.
Dangane da aiki, Cadence yana tsammanin saurin canja wurin bayanai na DDR5 ya karu daga 4800 MT/s zuwa 5200 MT/s a cikin watanni 12-18 bayan ƙaddamar da DDR4-4800, sannan zuwa 5600 MT/s a cikin wasu watanni 12-18, don haka haɓaka aikin DDR5 akan sabobin zai faru a daidai taki na yau da kullun.
Don kwamfutocin abokin ciniki, da yawa za su dogara da masu sarrafa ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya a cikin microprocessors da masu siyar da ƙirar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, amma DIMMs masu sha'awar tabbas za su sami kyakkyawan aiki fiye da waɗanda aka yi amfani da su a cikin sabobin.
A cikin kasuwar uwar garken, tare da kwakwalwan kwamfuta na 16Gb, haɓakawa na DDR5 na ciki, sabbin gine-ginen uwar garken, da kuma amfani da RDIMM maimakon LRDIMMs, tsarin soket guda ɗaya tare da 5GB DDR256 kayayyaki za su ga gagarumin haɓaka aiki a cikin iyawar kayan aiki duka, kuma dangane da latency samun damar bayanai. (idan aka kwatanta da LRDIMMs na zamani).
Cadence ya ce haɓakar fasaha na DDR5 zai ba shi damar haɓaka ainihin bandwidth na ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya da 36% idan aka kwatanta da DDR4, har ma a ƙimar canja wurin bayanai na 3200 MT/s. Koyaya, lokacin da DDR5 ke aiki akan saurin ƙira na kusan 4800 MT/s, ainihin kayan aikin zai zama 87% sama da DDR4-3200 a kowane hali. Koyaya, ɗayan mahimman fasalulluka na DDR5 shima zai zama ikon haɓaka ƙimar guntu ƙwaƙwalwar monolithic fiye da 16 Gbit.
DDR5 riga wannan shekara?
Kamar yadda muka gani a sama, AMD Genoa da Intel Sapphire Rapids bai kamata su bayyana ba har sai ƙarshen 2021, kuma mafi kusantar farkon 2022. Duk da haka, Mista Greenberg daga Cadence yana da tabbaci a cikin yanayin da ke da kyau don ci gaban abubuwan da suka faru.
Masu kera ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya suna ɗokin fara samar da sabbin nau'ikan DRAM da yawa kafin dandamali ya kasance. A halin yanzu, jigilar kaya shekara guda kafin AMD Genoa da Intel Sapphire Rapids sun buga kasuwa da alama ɗan lokaci kaɗan. Amma bayyanar bambance-bambancen gwaji na DDR5 yana da cikakkun bayanai masu ma'ana: AMD da na'urori masu sarrafa Intel da ke tallafawa DDR5 sun fi kusa fiye da yadda kamfanonin sarrafa ke gaya mana, ko kuma akwai wasu SoCs tare da tallafin DDR5 waɗanda ke shiga kasuwa.
A kowane hali, idan ƙayyadaddun DDR5 ya kasance a matakin daftarin ƙarshe, manyan masana'antun DRAM na iya fara samarwa da yawa ko da ba tare da mizanin da aka buga ba. A ka'idar, masu haɓaka SoC suma za su iya fara aika ƙirar su don samarwa a wannan matakin. A halin yanzu, yana da wahala a yi tunanin cewa DDR5 zai kama kowane muhimmin rabon kasuwa a cikin 2020 - 2021. ba tare da tallafi daga manyan masu samar da kayan sarrafawa ba.
source: 3dnews.ru