Wannan shi ne fassarar jawabin и .
Wannan shi ne labarin wani aikin da ya yi amfani da tsarin sarrafa tsarin daidaitawa da aka rubuta da kuma dalilin da ya sa ƙaura zuwa Ansible ya ɗauki watanni 18.
Ranar A'a. - ХХХ: Kafin farkon
Da farko, abubuwan more rayuwa sun ƙunshi runduna daban-daban da ke gudana Hyper-V. Ƙirƙirar injin kama-da-wane yana buƙatar matakai da yawa: sanya diski a wurin da ya dace, yin rijistar DNS, adana DHCP, sanya saitin VM a cikin ma'ajiyar git. An yi wannan aikin a wani yanki na injina, amma misali, an rarraba VMs tsakanin runduna ta hannu. Amma, alal misali, masu haɓakawa zasu iya gyara tsarin VM a cikin git kuma suyi amfani da shi ta sake kunna VM.
Maganin Gudanarwar Kanfigareshan na Musamman
Asalin ra'ayin, ina zargin, an haife shi azaman IaC: yawancin VM marasa jiha waɗanda suka sake saita jiharsu zuwa sifili lokacin da aka sake kunnawa. Menene sarrafa tsarin VM? A tsari yana kama da sauki:
- An saka madaidaicin MAC don VM.
- An haɗa ISO tare da CoreOS da faifan taya zuwa VM.
- CoreOS yana ƙaddamar da rubutun gyare-gyare ta hanyar zazzage shi daga sabar WEB dangane da IP ɗin sa.
- Rubutun yana zazzage tsarin VM ta hanyar SCP dangane da adireshin IP.
- An ƙaddamar da kayan sawun fayilolin naúrar da aka tsara da kuma sawun rubutun bash.
Wannan maganin yana da matsaloli da yawa a bayyane:
- An soke CoreOS ISO.
- Yawancin hadaddun ayyuka masu sarrafa kansu da sihiri lokacin ƙaura/ƙirƙirar VMs.
- Wahala tare da sabuntawa da lokacin da ake buƙatar takamaiman sigar software. Har ma fiye da nishaɗi tare da kernel modules.
- Ba a sami VM ba tare da bayanai ba, watau. VMs sun bayyana tare da faifai tare da ƙarin bayanan mai amfani da aka saka.
- Wani yana ci gaba da murƙushe abubuwan dogaro na naúrar kuma CoreOS zai daskare lokacin sake kunnawa. Yana da wahala a kama wannan ta amfani da kayan aikin da ake da su a cikin CoreOS.
- Gudanar da asirin.
- Babu CM. Akwai saitunan bash da YML don CoreOS.
Don amfani da tsarin VM, kuna buƙatar sake kunna shi, amma ƙila ba zai sake yi ba. Da alama matsala ce a bayyane, amma babu faifai masu tsayi - babu inda za a adana rajistan ayyukan. To, ok, bari mu yi ƙoƙarin ƙara zaɓin kernel loading domin a aika da rajistan ayyukan. Amma a'a, yaya rikitarwa duka.
Rana #0: Gane matsalar
Ya kasance abubuwan ci gaba na yau da kullun: jenkins, muhallin gwaji, saka idanu, rajista. An ƙera CoreOS don ɗaukar nauyin gungu na k8s, watau. matsalar ita ce yadda ake amfani da CoreOS. Mataki na farko shine zabar tari. Mun zauna a kan:
- CentOS a matsayin rarraba tushe, saboda Wannan shine mafi kusancin rarraba zuwa yanayin samarwa.
- Mai yiwuwa don sarrafa tsari, saboda an yi nazari sosai a kai.
- Jenkins a matsayin tsarin sarrafa ayyukan da ake da su, saboda an riga an yi amfani da shi sosai don hanyoyin ci gaba
- Hyper V a matsayin dandamali na zahiri. Akwai dalilai da yawa da suka wuce iyakar labarin, amma a takaice - ba za mu iya amfani da gajimare ba, dole ne mu yi amfani da na'urorinmu.
Rana No. 30: Gyaran yarjejeniyar da ake da su - Yarjejeniyoyi a matsayin Code
Lokacin da tarin ya bayyana, an fara shirye-shiryen tafiya. Gyara yarjejeniyar da ake da ita ta hanyar lamba (Yarjejeniyoyi a matsayin Code!). Sauyi aikin hannu -> makanikai -> aiki da kai.
1. Sanya VMs
Ansible yayi babban aiki na wannan. Tare da ƙaramar motsin jiki zaku iya sarrafa tsarin VM:
- Ƙirƙiri wurin ajiyar git.
- Mun sanya jerin VMs a cikin kaya, daidaitawa a cikin littattafan wasan kwaikwayo da matsayi.
- Muna kafa bawan jenkins na musamman wanda daga ciki zaku iya gudanar da Asible.
- Muna ƙirƙirar aiki kuma muna saita Jenkins.
An shirya tsari na farko. An gyara yarjejeniyoyin.
2. Ƙirƙiri sabon VM
Komai a nan bai dace sosai ba. Ba shi da matukar dacewa don ƙirƙirar VMs akan Hyper-V daga Linux. Ɗayan ƙoƙarin sarrafa wannan tsari shine:
- Ansbile yana haɗa ta WinRM zuwa mai masaukin windows.
- Mai yiwuwa yana gudanar da rubutun powershell.
- Rubutun Powershell yana ƙirƙirar sabon VM.
- Yin amfani da Hyper-V/ScVMM, lokacin ƙirƙirar VM a cikin OS baƙo, ana saita sunan mai masaukin.
- Lokacin sabunta kwangilar DHCP, VM tana aika sunan mai masaukinta.
- Daidaitaccen haɗin ddns & dhcp akan ɓangaren Mai sarrafa Domain yana daidaita rikodin DNS.
- Kuna iya ƙara VM zuwa kayan ku kuma saita shi tare da Mai yiwuwa.
3.Create VM samfuri
Ba su ƙirƙira komai ba a nan - sun ɗauki fakiti.
- Ƙara fakitin, saitin kickstart zuwa ma'ajiyar git.
- Kafa bawan jenkins na musamman tare da hyper-v da Packer.
- Muna ƙirƙirar aiki kuma muna saita Jenkins.
Yadda wannan hanyar haɗin ke aiki:
- Packer yana ƙirƙirar VM mara komai kuma ya ɗauki ISO.
- Takalma na VM, Packer yana shigar da umarni a cikin bootloader don amfani da fayil ɗin kickstart daga floppy disk ko http.
- Ana ƙaddamar da Anaconda tare da saitin mu, kuma an yi tsarin tsarin OS na farko.
- Packer yana jiran VM ya samu.
- Packer a cikin VM yana aiki mai yiwuwa a yanayin gida.
- Mai yiwuwa yana amfani da daidai matsayin matsayin da yake aiki a mataki #1.
- Packer yana fitar da samfurin VM.
Ranar #75: Maimaita yarjejeniyar ba tare da karya ba = Gwaji mai yiwuwa + Kayan Gwaji
Ɗaukar tarurruka a lamba bazai isa ba. Bayan haka, idan a cikin ciki da waje na tsari kuna son canza wani abu, kuna iya karya wani abu. Don haka, dangane da abubuwan more rayuwa, gwajin wannan ababen more rayuwa yana bayyana. Don daidaita ilimi a cikin ƙungiyar, mun fara gwada ayyuka masu dacewa. Ba zan shiga zurfi ba saboda... akwai labarin da ke bayyana abubuwan da suka faru a wancan lokacin (Spoiler wannan ba shine sigar ƙarshe ba kuma daga baya komai ya ƙara rikitarwa ).
Ranar #130: Wataƙila ba a buƙatar CentOS+ mai yiwuwa? watakila bude shift?
Dole ne mu fahimci cewa tsarin gabatar da ababen more rayuwa ba shine kaɗai ba kuma akwai wasu ayyuka na gefe. Misali, buqatar ta zo don ƙaddamar da aikace-aikacenmu a cikin buɗaɗɗen aiki kuma hakan ya haifar da bincike sama da mako guda wanda ya rage saurin motsi. Sakamakon ya nuna cewa aikin buɗewa baya rufe duk buƙatu; kuna buƙatar kayan aiki na gaske, ko aƙalla ikon yin wasa tare da kernel.
Ranar #170: Openshift bai dace ba, bari mu sami dama tare da Windows Azure Pack?
Hyper-V ba shi da abokantaka sosai, SCVMM ba ya sa ya fi kyau. Amma akwai irin wannan abu kamar Windows Azure Pack, wanda shine ƙari ga SCVMM kuma yana kwaikwayon Azure. Amma a gaskiya, samfurin ya dubi watsi: takardun ya karya hanyoyin haɗin gwiwa kuma yana da yawa. Amma a matsayin wani ɓangare na nazarin zaɓuɓɓuka don sauƙaƙe rayuwar girgijenmu, sun duba shi ma.
Ranar #250: Fakitin Azure na Windows ba shi da kyau sosai. Muna ci gaba da kan SCVMM
Fakitin Windows Azure ya yi kama da alƙawarin, amma an yanke shawarar kada a kawo WAP tare da sarkar sa a cikin tsarin saboda abubuwan da ba dole ba kuma ya zauna tare da SCVMM.
Rana ta #360: Cin Giwa guntu
Bayan shekara guda kawai dandamalin ƙaura ya shirya kuma tsarin motsi ya fara. Don wannan dalili, an saita aikin SMART. Mun duba duk VMs kuma muka fara gano tsarin ɗaya bayan ɗaya, mu kwatanta shi a cikin Mai yiwuwa, kuma mun rufe shi da gwaje-gwaje.
Ranar #450: Wane irin tsari kuka samu?
Tsarin kanta ba shi da ban sha'awa. Yana da na yau da kullum, ana iya lura da cewa yawancin saitunan sun kasance masu sauƙi ko kuma isomorphic kuma bisa ga ka'idar Pareto, 80% na tsarin VM ya buƙaci 20% na lokaci. Ta wannan ka'ida, 80% na lokacin an kashe shi don shirya motsi kuma kawai 20% akan motsin kansa.
Ranar #540: Karshe
Me ya faru a cikin watanni 18?
- Yarjejeniyoyi sun zama lamba.
- Aikin hannu -> Makanikai -> Autom.
links
source: www.habr.com