🥇Load Daidaita a Opentack (Sashe na 2)

В labarin karshe mun yi magana game da ƙoƙarinmu na amfani da Watcher kuma mun ba da rahoton gwaji. Muna gudanar da irin waɗannan gwaje-gwaje lokaci-lokaci don daidaitawa da sauran ayyuka masu mahimmanci na babban kamfani ko girgije mai aiki.

Babban rikitarwa na matsalar da ake warwarewa na iya buƙatar labarai da yawa don bayyana aikinmu. A yau muna buga labarin na biyu a cikin jerin, sadaukar da kai don daidaita injunan kama-da-wane a cikin gajimare.

Wasu kalmomi

Компания VmWare ввела утилиту DRS (Distributed Resource Scheduler) для балансировки нагрузки разработанной и предлагаемой ими среды виртуализации.

Kamar yadda ya rubuta searchvmware.techtarget.com/definition/VMware-DRS
“VMware DRS (Mai Rarraba Albarkatun Jadawalin Rarraba) kayan aiki ne wanda ke daidaita nauyin kwamfuta tare da albarkatun da ake da su a cikin mahalli mai kama-da-wane. Abun amfani wani bangare ne na babban kayan aikin da ake kira VMware Infrastructure.

Tare da VMware DRS, masu amfani suna bayyana dokoki don rarraba albarkatun jiki tsakanin injunan kama-da-wane (VMs). Ana iya saita mai amfani don sarrafa hannu ko ta atomatik. Ana iya ƙara wuraren tafki na albarkatun VMware, cirewa, ko sake tsara su cikin sauƙi. Idan ana so, za a iya ware wuraren tafkunan albarkatu tsakanin sassan kasuwanci daban-daban. Idan nauyin aiki akan injuna guda ɗaya ko fiye ya canza sosai, VMware DRS yana sake rarraba injunan kama-da-wane a kan sabar na zahiri. Idan aikin gabaɗaya ya ragu, ana iya ɗaukar wasu sabar ta jiki na ɗan lokaci a layi kuma a ƙarfafa aikin."

Me yasa ake buƙatar daidaitawa?

A ra'ayinmu, DRS wani fasalin girgije ne dole ne, kodayake wannan baya nufin cewa dole ne a yi amfani da DRS koyaushe kuma a ko'ina. Dangane da maƙasudi da buƙatun gajimare, ana iya samun buƙatu daban-daban don DRS da hanyoyin daidaitawa. Wataƙila akwai yanayi inda ba a buƙatar daidaitawa kwata-kwata. Ko ma cutarwa.

Don ƙarin fahimtar inda kuma waɗanne abokan ciniki ake buƙatar DRS, bari mu yi la'akari da manufofinsu da manufofinsu. Ana iya raba gajimare zuwa jama'a da na sirri. Anan akwai babban bambance-bambance tsakanin waɗannan gizagizai da burin abokin ciniki.

Gizagizai masu zaman kansu / Manyan abokan ciniki
Gizagizai na jama'a / Matsakaici da ƙananan kasuwanci, mutane

Babban ma'auni da burin mai aiki
Samar da ingantaccen sabis ko samfur
Rage farashin sabis a cikin yaƙi a cikin kasuwa mai gasa

Bukatun sabis
Amincewa a duk matakan kuma a cikin duk abubuwan tsarin

Ayyukan da aka tabbatar

Ba da fifikon injunan kama-da-wane zuwa sassa da yawa

Bayani da amincin bayanan jiki

SLA da XNUMX/XNUMX goyon baya
Mafi girman sauƙi na karɓar sabis ɗin

Sabbin ayyuka masu sauƙi

Alhakin bayanan yana kan abokin ciniki

Babu fifikon VM da ake buƙata

Tsaron bayanai a matakin daidaitattun ayyuka, alhakin abokin ciniki

Ana iya samun kurakurai

Babu SLA, ingancin ba garanti ba

Tallafin imel

Ajiyayyen baya zama dole

Siffofin Abokin ciniki
Abubuwan aikace-aikace masu faɗi sosai.

Abubuwan da aka gada a cikin kamfani.

Hadadden gine-gine na al'ada ga kowane abokin ciniki.

Dokokin zumunci.

Software yana aiki ba tare da tsayawa a yanayin 7x24 ba.

Kayan aikin ajiyar kan-da- tashi.

Ɗaukar abokin ciniki mai iya faɗi.
Aikace-aikace na yau da kullun - daidaitawar hanyar sadarwa, Apache, WEB, VPN, SQL

Aikace-aikacen na iya tsayawa na ɗan lokaci

Yana ba da damar rarraba VMs na sabani a cikin gajimare

Ajiyayyen abokin ciniki

Matsakaicin matsakaicin ƙididdiga wanda ake iya tsinkaya tare da babban adadin abokan ciniki.

Abubuwan da suka shafi gine-gine
Geoclustering

Ma'ajiyar tsakiya ko rarraba

Ajiye IBS
Ma'ajiyar bayanan gida akan nodes ɗin lissafi

Daidaita Manufofin
Hatta rarraba kaya

Matsakaicin amsa aikace-aikacen

Mafi ƙarancin lokacin jinkiri don daidaitawa

Daidaitawa kawai lokacin da ya dace a fili

Fito da wasu kayan aiki don kiyaye kariya
Rage farashin sabis da farashin ma'aikata

Kashe wasu albarkatun idan akwai ƙananan kaya

Adana kuzari

Rage farashin ma'aikata

Mun zana wa kanmu abubuwa masu zuwa:

Don girgije masu zaman kansuAn bayar ga manyan abokan cinikin kamfanoni, ana iya amfani da DRS bisa ga hani masu zuwa:

tsaro bayanai da la'akari da ƙa'idodin alaƙa lokacin daidaitawa;
samuwan isassun albarkatu a tanadi a yayin da wani hatsari ya faru;
bayanan injin kama-da-wane yana samuwa akan tsarin ajiya na tsakiya ko rarraba;
gudanarwa mai ban sha'awa, wariyar ajiya da daidaita hanyoyin a kan lokaci;
daidaitawa kawai a cikin jimlar rundunan abokin ciniki;
daidaitawa kawai lokacin da akwai rashin daidaituwa mai ƙarfi, ƙaurawar VM mafi inganci da aminci (bayan haka, ƙaura na iya kasawa);
daidaita injunan kama-da-wane “shuru” ( ƙaura na injunan kama-da-wane na iya ɗaukar lokaci mai tsawo);
daidaita la'akari da "farashin" - nauyin da ke kan tsarin ajiya da hanyar sadarwa (tare da gine-gine na musamman don manyan abokan ciniki);
daidaita yin la'akari da halayen halayen kowane VM;
An fi dacewa da daidaitawa a lokutan da ba a aiki (dare, karshen mako, hutu).

Don gizagizai na jama'asamar da sabis ga ƙananan abokan ciniki, ana iya amfani da DRS akai-akai, tare da ci gaba na iyawa:

rashin hani na tsaro na bayanai da dokokin alaƙa;
daidaitawa a cikin girgije;
daidaitawa a kowane lokaci mai dacewa;
daidaita kowane VM;
daidaita injunan kama-da-wane (don kada a dame wasu);
Yawancin bayanai na inji mai kama-da-wane yana samuwa akan faifai na gida;
la'akari da matsakaicin aikin tsarin ajiya da cibiyoyin sadarwa (ginin girgije ya haɗu);
daidaitawa bisa ga ƙa'idodi na gabaɗaya da ƙididdigar ɗabi'ar cibiyar bayanai da akwai.

Rikicin matsalar

Wahalhalun daidaitawa shine DRS dole ne suyi aiki tare da adadi mai yawa na abubuwan da basu tabbata ba:

halayen masu amfani da kowane tsarin bayanan abokan ciniki;
algorithms don aiki na sabar tsarin bayanai;
halin sabobin DBMS;
kaya akan albarkatun kwamfuta, tsarin ajiya, cibiyar sadarwa;
hulɗar sabobin tare da juna a cikin gwagwarmayar albarkatun girgije.

Nauyin babban adadin sabobin aikace-aikacen kama-da-wane da bayanan bayanai akan albarkatun girgije yana faruwa a tsawon lokaci, sakamakon zai iya bayyana kansu kuma ya mamaye juna tare da tasirin da ba a iya faɗi ba akan lokaci mara tabbas. Ko da don sarrafa ingantattun matakai masu sauƙi (alal misali, don sarrafa injin, tsarin dumama ruwa a gida), tsarin sarrafawa ta atomatik yana buƙatar amfani da hadaddun. madaidaicin-hadaddiyar-banbanta Algorithms tare da feedback.

Ayyukanmu shine umarni da yawa na girma mafi rikitarwa, kuma akwai haɗarin cewa tsarin ba zai iya daidaita nauyin da aka kafa ba a cikin lokaci mai ma'ana, koda kuwa babu wani tasiri na waje daga masu amfani.

Tarihin ci gaban mu

Don magance wannan matsala, mun yanke shawarar kada mu fara daga karce, amma don ginawa a kan ƙwarewar da ake ciki, kuma mun fara hulɗa tare da ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararru a cikin wannan filin. Abin farin ciki, fahimtarmu game da matsalar gaba ɗaya ta zo daidai.

Stage 1

Mun yi amfani da tsarin da ya dogara da fasahar sadarwar jijiyoyi kuma mun yi ƙoƙarin inganta albarkatun mu bisa ga shi.

Sha'awar wannan mataki shine gwada sabuwar fasaha, kuma mahimmancinta shine a aiwatar da tsarin da ba daidai ba don magance matsala, inda wasu abubuwa daidai suke, daidaitattun hanyoyin sun ƙare kansu.

Mun kaddamar da tsarin, kuma mun fara daidaitawa da gaske. Girman girgijenmu bai ba mu damar samun kyakkyawan sakamako da masu haɓaka suka bayyana ba, amma a bayyane yake cewa daidaitawa yana aiki.

A lokaci guda, muna da iyakoki sosai:

Don horar da hanyar sadarwa ta jijiyoyi, injina na kama-da-wane suna buƙatar aiki ba tare da manyan canje-canje na makonni ko watanni ba.
An tsara algorithm don ingantawa bisa nazarin bayanan "tarihi" na baya.
Horar da hanyar sadarwa na jijiyoyi yana buƙatar ɗimbin adadin bayanai da albarkatun kwamfuta.
Ana iya inganta haɓakawa da daidaitawa ba da daɗewa ba - sau ɗaya a kowane sa'o'i kadan, wanda a fili bai isa ba.

Stage 2

Tun da ba mu gamsu da yanayin ba, mun yanke shawarar gyara tsarin, kuma don yin wannan, amsa. babbar tambaya – wa muke yi wa?

Na farko - don abokan ciniki na kamfanoni. Wannan yana nufin cewa muna buƙatar tsarin da ke aiki da sauri, tare da waɗannan ƙuntatawa na kamfanoni waɗanda kawai sauƙaƙe aiwatarwa.

Tambaya ta biyu – me kuke nufi da kalmar “nan take”? A sakamakon ɗan gajeren muhawara, mun yanke shawarar cewa za mu iya farawa tare da lokacin amsawa na minti 5-10, ta yadda gajeren lokaci ba zai gabatar da tsarin a cikin sauti ba.

Tambaya ta uku - menene girman daidaitattun adadin sabobin don zaɓar?
Wannan batu ya warware kansa. Yawanci, abokan ciniki ba sa yin tarawar uwar garke sosai, kuma wannan ya yi daidai da shawarwarin labarin don iyakance tarawa zuwa sabobin 30-40.

Bugu da ƙari, ta hanyar rarraba tafkin uwar garken, muna sauƙaƙe aikin daidaitawa algorithm.

Tambaya ta hudu - yaya dace da hanyar sadarwar jijiyoyi a gare mu tare da tsarin ilmantarwa na tsawon lokaci da daidaitawa ba kasafai ba? Mun yanke shawarar yin watsi da shi don neman mafi sauƙi algorithms aiki don samun sakamako a cikin daƙiƙa.

Ana iya samun bayanin tsarin da ke amfani da irin waɗannan algorithms da rashin amfaninsa a nan

Mun aiwatar da ƙaddamar da wannan tsarin kuma mun sami sakamako mai ƙarfafawa - yanzu yana bincika kullun girgije kuma yana ba da shawarwari don motsi na'urori masu kama da juna, waɗanda suke daidai. Ko da a yanzu ya bayyana a fili cewa za mu iya cimma 10-15% sakin albarkatu don sababbin na'urori masu kama da juna yayin inganta ingancin ayyukan da suke da su.

Lokacin da aka gano rashin daidaituwa a cikin RAM ko CPU, tsarin yana ba da umarni ga mai tsara Tionix don yin ƙaura kai tsaye na injunan kama-da-wane da ake buƙata. Kamar yadda ake iya gani daga tsarin sa ido, injin kama-da-wane ya motsa daga ɗayan (na sama) zuwa wani (ƙananan) mai masaukin baki kuma ya 'yantar da ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya akan babban runduna (wanda aka haskaka a cikin rawaya rawaya), bi da bi yana mamaye shi a ƙasan (wanda aka haskaka a cikin farin). da'ira).

Yanzu muna ƙoƙari don ƙarin kimanta tasirin tasirin algorithm na yanzu kuma muna ƙoƙarin nemo kurakurai masu yiwuwa a ciki.

Stage 3

Zai yi kama da cewa mutum zai iya kwantar da hankali a kan wannan, jira tabbatar da tasiri da kuma rufe batun.
Amma an tura mu don aiwatar da wani sabon mataki ta hanyar fayyace damar ingantawa

Ƙididdiga, misali, a nan и a nan yana nuna cewa tsarin sarrafawa biyu da huɗu sun yi ƙasa sosai a cikin aiki fiye da tsarin sarrafawa guda ɗaya. Wannan yana nufin cewa duk masu amfani suna samun ƙarancin fitarwa daga CPU, RAM, SSD, LAN, FC da aka saya a cikin tsarin multiprocessor idan aka kwatanta da masu sarrafawa guda ɗaya.
Masu tsara albarkatun da kansu na iya samun manyan kurakurai, ga daya daga cikin labaran akan wannan batu.
Fasahar da Intel da AMD ke bayarwa don saka idanu akan RAM da cache suna ba da damar yin nazarin halayen injunan kama-da-wane da sanya su ta yadda maƙwabta “masu hayaniya” ba za su tsoma baki tare da na’urori masu “shut” ba.
Fadada saitin sigogi (cibiyar sadarwa, tsarin ajiya, fifiko na injin kama-da-wane, farashin ƙaura, shirye-shiryenta don ƙaura).

Jimlar

Sakamakon aikinmu don inganta daidaituwar algorithms shine tabbataccen ƙarshe cewa ta yin amfani da algorithms na zamani yana yiwuwa a cimma mahimmancin haɓaka albarkatun cibiyar bayanai (25-30%) kuma a lokaci guda inganta ingancin sabis na abokin ciniki.

Algorithm da ke kan hanyoyin sadarwar jijiyoyi tabbas shine mafita mai ban sha'awa, amma wanda ke buƙatar ƙarin haɓakawa, kuma saboda iyakokin da ke akwai, bai dace da magance irin wannan matsala ba akan kundin da aka saba don girgije masu zaman kansu. A lokaci guda, algorithm ya nuna sakamako mai kyau a cikin gizagizai na jama'a masu girma.

Za mu ba ku ƙarin bayani game da iyawar na'urori masu sarrafawa, masu tsara jadawalin, da daidaita manyan matakai a cikin labarai masu zuwa.

source: www.habr.com

Load Daidaita a Opentack (Sashe na 2)