Kwantena sigar nauyi ce mai nauyi ta sararin mai amfani na tsarin aiki na Linux - a zahiri, ita ce mafi ƙanƙanta. Duk da haka, har yanzu yana da cikakken tsarin aiki, sabili da haka ingancin wannan akwati kanta yana da mahimmanci kamar tsarin aiki mai cikakken aiki. Shi ya sa muka daɗe muna bayarwa , ta yadda masu amfani za su iya samun ƙwararrun kwantena, na zamani, da na yau da kullun. Kaddamar (Hotunan kwantena) RHEL akan rundunonin kwantena RHEL yana ba da dacewa da ɗaukar hoto tsakanin mahalli, ba tare da ma'anar gaskiyar cewa waɗannan kayan aikin da aka saba ba ne. Akwai, duk da haka, matsala ɗaya. Ba za ku iya ba kawai wannan hoton ga wani ba, koda abokin ciniki ne ko abokin tarayya ta amfani da Linux Red Hat Enterprise Linux.
Amma yanzu komai ya canza
Tare da fitowar Hoton Base na Red Hat Universal (UBI), yanzu zaku iya samun dogaro, tsaro, da aikin da kuka zo tsammani daga hotunan akwati na Red Hat, ko kuna da biyan kuɗi ko a'a. Wannan yana nufin zaku iya gina aikace-aikacen kwantena akan UBI, saka shi a cikin rajistar akwati da kuka zaɓa, kuma raba shi tare da duniya. Hoton Tushen Bakin Duniya na Red Hat yana ba ku damar ginawa, raba, da haɗin gwiwa akan aikace-aikacen da aka keɓe a kowane yanayi-inda kuke so.
Tare da UBI, zaku iya bugawa da gudanar da aikace-aikacenku akan kusan kowane kayan aikin. Amma idan kun gudanar da su akan dandamali na Red Hat kamar Red Hat OpenShift da Red Hat Enterprise Linux, zaku iya samun ƙarin fa'idodi (ƙarin gwal!). Kuma kafin mu ci gaba zuwa ƙarin cikakken bayanin UBI, bari in samar da ɗan gajeren FAQ kan dalilin da yasa ake buƙatar Biyan Kuɗi na RHEL. Don haka, menene zai faru lokacin gudanar da hoton UBI akan dandalin RHEL/OpenShift?
Kuma yanzu da muka yi farin ciki da tallace-tallace, bari mu yi magana dalla-dalla game da UBI
Dalilan amfani da UBI
Yaya ya kamata ku ji don sanin cewa UBI za ta amfane ku:
- Naku masu haɓakawa so a yi amfani da hotunan kwantena waɗanda za'a iya rarrabawa da gudana a kowane yanayi
- Tawagar tawa yadda ake gudanar da yana son hoton tushe mai goyan baya tare da tsarin rayuwa na darajar kasuwanci
- Naku gine -gine so bayar ga abokan cinikina / masu amfani da ƙarshen
- Naku abokan ciniki ba sa so su busa zukatansu tare da tallafin matakin kasuwanci don duk yanayin su na Red Hat
- Naku al'umma yana so ya raba, gudanar, buga aikace-aikacen kwantena a zahiri a ko'ina
Idan aƙalla ɗaya daga cikin yanayin ya dace da ku, to lallai yakamata ku kalli UBI.
Fiye da hoto na asali kawai
UBI ya fi ƙanƙanta da cikakken OS, amma UBI tana da abubuwa uku masu mahimmanci:
- Saitin hotuna na tushe guda uku (ubi, ubi-minimal, ubi-init)
- Hotuna tare da shirye-shiryen yanayin lokacin aiki don harsunan shirye-shirye daban-daban (nodejs, ruby, python, php, perl, da sauransu)
- Saitin fakiti masu alaƙa a cikin ma'ajiyar YUM tare da mafi yawan abubuwan dogaro
An ƙirƙiri UBI azaman tushen tushen girgije da aikace-aikacen yanar gizo waɗanda aka haɓaka kuma aka kawo su cikin kwantena. Duk abun ciki a cikin UBI wani yanki ne na RHEL. Duk fakitin da ke cikin UBI ana isar da su ta hanyar tashoshin RHEL kuma ana goyan bayan su kamar RHEL lokacin da suke gudana akan dandamali masu goyan bayan Red Hat kamar OpenShift da RHEL.
Tabbatar da ingantaccen tallafi ga kwantena yana buƙatar ƙoƙari mai yawa daga injiniyoyi, ƙwararrun tsaro da sauran ƙarin albarkatu. Wannan yana buƙatar ba kawai gwada hotunan tushe ba, har ma da yin nazarin halayensu akan kowane mai watsa shiri mai goyan baya.
Don taimakawa sauƙaƙe nauyin haɓakawa, Red Hat yana haɓaka haɓakawa da tallafi don UBI 7 na iya gudana akan rundunonin RHEL 8, alal misali, kuma UBI 8 na iya gudana akan rundunonin RHEL 7. Wannan yana ba masu amfani sassauci, amincewa, da kwanciyar hankali. tuna suna buƙata yayin aiwatarwa., alal misali, sabunta dandamali a cikin hotunan kwantena ko rundunonin da aka yi amfani da su. Yanzu duk wannan za a iya raba biyu ayyuka masu zaman kansu.
Hotuna na asali guda uku
Ƙananan - ƙira don aikace-aikace tare da duk abin dogaro (Python, Node.js, .NET, da sauransu)
- Mafi ƙarancin saitin abun ciki wanda aka riga aka shigar
- Babu wanda za'a iya zartarwa
- Ƙananan kayan aikin sarrafa fakiti (sakawa, sabuntawa da cirewa)
Platform - don kowane aikace-aikacen da ke gudana akan RHEL
- Buɗe Rukunin Rubutun Rubutun SSL
- Cikakken jigon YUM
- Abubuwan amfani na asali na OS sun haɗa da (tar, gzip, vi, da sauransu)
Multi-Sabis - yana sauƙaƙa gudanar da ayyuka da yawa a cikin akwati ɗaya
- An saita don gudanar da tsarin akan farawa
- Ikon ba da damar ayyuka a matakin ginin
Hotunan kwantena tare da shirye-shiryen shirye-shiryen yaren lokacin aiki
Baya ga hotunan tushe waɗanda ke ba ku damar shigar da tallafin harshe na shirye-shirye, UBIs sun haɗa da hotunan da aka riga aka gina tare da shirye-shiryen yanayin lokacin aiki don yawan harsunan shirye-shirye. Yawancin masu haɓakawa suna iya ɗaukar hoton kawai su fara aiki akan aikace-aikacen da suke haɓakawa.
Tare da ƙaddamar da UBI, Red Hat yana ba da nau'i biyu na hotuna - bisa RHEL 7 kuma bisa RHEL 8. An dogara ne akan Red Hat Software Collections (RHEL 7) da Aikace-aikacen Rarraba (RHEL 8), bi da bi. Ana kiyaye waɗannan lokutan aiki na yau da kullun kuma suna karɓar sabuntawa har zuwa huɗu a kowace shekara a matsayin daidaitaccen tsari, don haka koyaushe kuna aiwatar da sabbin abubuwa kuma mafi kwanciyar hankali.
Ga jerin hotunan kwantena UBI 7:
Anan akwai jerin hotunan kwantena na UBI 8:
Abubuwan da aka haɗa
Amfani da shirye-shiryen hotuna yana da matukar dacewa. Red Hat yana ci gaba da sabunta su kuma yana sabunta su tare da sakin sabon sigar RHEL, da kuma lokacin da sabbin abubuwan CVE suka samu daidai da manufofin sabuntawa. domin ku iya ɗaukar ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan hotuna kuma nan da nan ku fara aiki akan aikace-aikacen.
Amma wani lokacin, lokacin ƙirƙirar aikace-aikace, ƙila za ku buƙaci ƙarin fakiti kwatsam. Ko, wani lokacin, don samun aikace-aikacen aiki, kuna buƙatar sabunta ɗaya ko wani fakitin. Shi ya sa Hotunan UBI suka zo tare da saitin RPMs waɗanda ake samun su ta yum, kuma waɗanda ake rarraba su ta amfani da hanyar sadarwar isar da abun ciki mai sauri da matuƙar samuwa (kunshin gare ku!). Lokacin da kuke gudanar da sabuntawar yum akan CI/CD ɗinku a wancan mahimmin matakin sakin, zaku iya tabbata zaiyi aiki.
RHEL shine tushe
Ba mu gajiya da maimaita cewa RHEL shine tushen komai. Shin kun san waɗanne ƙungiyoyi ne a Red Hat suke aiki akan ƙirƙirar hotunan tushe? Misali wadannan:
- Ƙungiyar injiniya da ke da alhakin tabbatar da cewa manyan ɗakunan karatu irin su glibc da OpenSSL, da kuma lokutan gudu na harshe kamar Python da Ruby, suna ba da daidaitattun ayyuka da kuma dogara da aikin aiki lokacin da aka yi amfani da su a cikin kwantena.
- Ƙungiyoyin tsaro na samfur suna da alhakin gyara kurakurai na lokaci-lokaci da al'amurran tsaro a cikin ɗakunan karatu da yanayin harshe, ana kimanta tasirin aikin su ta amfani da fihirisa na musamman. .
- Ƙungiyar manajojin samfura da injiniyoyi an sadaukar da su don ƙara sabbin abubuwa da tabbatar da tsawon rayuwar samfur, yana ba ku kwarin gwiwa kan saka hannun jari don haɓakawa.
Red Hat Enterprise Linux yana ba da kyakkyawan masaukin baki da hoto don kwantena, amma yawancin masu haɓaka suna daraja ikon yin aiki tare da tsarin a cikin nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan haɓakawa suna ba da damar yin aiki tare da tsarin tsarin Linux. Wannan shine inda hotunan UBI na duniya ke zuwa don ceto.
Bari mu ce a yanzu, a wannan matakin, kuna neman hoton tushe ne kawai don fara aiki akan aikace-aikacen kwantena mai sauƙi. Ko kun riga kun kusanci gaba kuma kuna motsawa daga kwantena masu zaman kansu waɗanda ke gudana akan injin kwantena zuwa tarihin asalin gajimare ta amfani da gini da tabbatar da Masu aiki da ke gudana akan OpenShift. A kowane hali, UBI zai samar da kyakkyawan tushe don wannan.
Kwantena sun haɗa da nau'in nau'i mai sauƙi na sararin mai amfani da tsarin aiki a cikin sabon tsarin marufi. Sakin hotunan UBI yana saita sabon ma'auni na masana'antu don ci gaban kwantena, samar da kwantena na kasuwanci ga kowane mai amfani, masu haɓaka software masu zaman kansu, da al'ummomin buɗe ido. Musamman ma, masu haɓaka software na iya daidaita samfuran su ta amfani da tushe guda ɗaya, tabbataccen tushe don duk aikace-aikacen su na kwantena, gami da . Kamfanonin ci gaba da ke amfani da UBI kuma suna da damar samun Takaddun Shaida ta Kwantena da Red Hat OpenShift Operator Certification, wanda hakan ke ba da damar ci gaba da tabbatar da software da ke gudana akan dandamalin Red Hat kamar OpenShift.
Yadda ake fara aiki da hoto
A takaice, yana da sauqi qwarai. Podman yana samuwa ba kawai akan RHEL ba, har ma akan Fedora, CentOS da sauran rabawa na Linux. Abin da kawai za ku yi shi ne zazzage hoton daga ɗaya daga cikin ma'ajin masu zuwa kuma kuna da kyau ku tafi.
Don UBI 8:
podman pull registry.access.redhat.com/ubi8/ubi
podman pull registry.access.redhat.com/ubi8/ubi-minimal
podman pull registry.access.redhat.com/ubi8/ubi-init
Don UBI 7:
podman pull registry.access.redhat.com/ubi7/ubi
podman pull registry.access.redhat.com/ubi7/ubi-minimal
podman pull registry.access.redhat.com/ubi7/ubi-init
To, duba cikakken Jagorar Hoto Base na Duniya
source: www.habr.com