Dangane da binciken da HeadHunter da Mail.ru suka yi, buƙatun ƙwararru a fannin Kimiyyar Bayanai sun zarce wadata, amma duk da haka, ƙwararrun matasa ba koyaushe suke samun aikin ba. Muna gaya muku irin kwas ɗin da suka kammala karatu suka ɓace da kuma inda za su yi karatu ga waɗanda ke shirin yin babban aiki a Kimiyyar Data.
"Sun zo suna tunanin cewa yanzu za su sami 500k a sakan daya, saboda sun san sunayen tsarin da yadda ake tafiyar da samfurin daga gare su a layi biyu."
Emil Maharramov yana jagorantar rukunin sabis na ilimin lissafin lissafi a biocad kuma yayin tambayoyin yana fuskantar gaskiyar cewa 'yan takarar ba su da tsarin fahimtar sana'a. Suna kammala kwasa-kwasan, suna zuwa tare da ƙwararrun Python da SQL, suna iya shigar da Hadoop ko Spark a cikin daƙiƙa 2, kuma suna kammala aiki bisa ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun bayanai. Amma a lokaci guda, babu sauran mataki zuwa gefe. Ko da yake yana da sassauci a cikin mafita waɗanda ma'aikata ke tsammanin daga ƙwararrun kimiyyar bayanan su.
Abin da ke faruwa a kasuwar Kimiyyar Bayanai
Ƙwararrun ƙwararrun matasa suna nuna halin da ake ciki a kasuwar aiki. Anan, buƙata ta wuce wadata, don haka ma'aikata masu matsananciyar wahala galibi a shirye suke don hayar ƙwararrun ƙwararrun kore da horar da kansu. Zaɓin yana aiki, amma ya dace kawai idan ƙungiyar ta riga ta sami gogaggen shugaban ƙungiyar wanda zai ɗauki nauyin horar da ƙarami.
Dangane da bincike na HeadHunter da Mail.ru, ƙwararrun nazarin bayanai suna cikin mafi yawan buƙata akan kasuwa:
- A cikin 2019, an sami ƙarin guraben guraben aiki sau 9,6 a fagen nazarin bayanai, kuma sau 7,2 a fagen koyon injin fiye da na 2015.
- Idan aka kwatanta da shekarar 2018, adadin guraben guraben guraben ƙwararrun masu nazarin bayanai sun ƙaru da sau 1,4, kuma na ƙwararrun koyon na'ura da sau 1,3.
- 38% na buɗaɗɗen guraben aiki suna cikin kamfanonin IT, 29% a cikin kamfanoni na ɓangaren kuɗi, da 9% a cikin ayyukan kasuwanci.
Makarantu da yawa na kan layi ne ke rura wutar lamarin. Ainihin, horo yana ɗaukar watanni uku zuwa shida, lokacin da ɗalibai ke sarrafa manyan kayan aikin a matakin asali: Python, SQL, nazarin bayanai, Git da Linux. Sakamakon shine ƙaramin junior: zai iya magance takamaiman matsala, amma har yanzu ba zai iya fahimtar matsalar ba kuma ya tsara matsalar da kansa. Koyaya, babban buƙatun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun sana'a galibi suna haifar da babban buri da buƙatun albashi.
Abin baƙin ciki, tambayoyi a Data Science yanzu yawanci kama da wannan: dan takarar ya ce ya yi ƙoƙari ya yi amfani da ma'aurata dakunan karatu, ba zai iya amsa tambayoyi game da yadda daidai da Algorithms aiki, sa'an nan tambaya ga 200, 300, 400 dubu rubles wata-wata a hannun .
Saboda yawan adadin talla na talla kamar "kowa na iya zama mai sharhi na bayanai", "koda ilimin na Master a cikin watanni uku sannan kuma ya fara samun kuɗi mai sauri, babban rafi na fastoci ne ya zuba cikin mu filin ba tare da cikakken horo na tsari ba.
Victor Kantor
Babban Masanin Kimiyya a MTS
Wanene ma'aikata ke jira?
Duk wani ma'aikaci zai so ƙananansa suyi aiki ba tare da kulawa akai-akai ba kuma su sami damar haɓaka ƙarƙashin jagorancin jagorancin ƙungiyar. Don yin wannan, mafari dole ne nan da nan ya mallaki kayan aikin da suka dace don magance matsalolin yau da kullun, kuma su sami isassun tushe na ka'idar don ba da shawarar nasu mafita a hankali da kuma tunkarar matsaloli masu rikitarwa.
Sabbin sababbin a kasuwa suna yin kyau sosai da kayan aikin su. Darussan gajeren lokaci suna ba ku damar ƙware su da sauri kuma ku sami aiki.
Dangane da binciken HeadHunter da Mail.ru, ƙwarewar da ake buƙata ita ce Python. An ambaci shi a cikin kashi 45% na guraben guraben guraben ilimin kimiyyar bayanai da kashi 51% na guraben koyon injin.
Masu ɗaukan ma'aikata kuma suna son masu nazarin bayanai su san SQL (23%), ma'adinan bayanai (19%), ƙididdigar lissafi (11%) kuma su sami damar yin aiki tare da manyan bayanai (10%).
Masu ɗaukan ma'aikata da ke neman ƙwararrun koyon na'ura suna tsammanin ɗan takara ya ƙware a C++ (18%), SQL (15%), algorithms koyon injin (13%) da Linux (11%) baya ga ilimin Python.
Amma idan ƙananan yara suna da kyau tare da kayan aiki, to, manajoji suna fuskantar wata matsala. Yawancin daliban da suka kammala karatun kwas ba su da zurfin fahimtar wannan sana'a, wanda ke sa ya zama mai wahala ga mafari ya ci gaba.
A halin yanzu ina neman ƙwararrun koyon injina don shiga ƙungiyara. A lokaci guda kuma, na ga cewa ’yan takara sau da yawa sun ƙware wasu kayan aikin Kimiyyar Bayanai, amma ba su da zurfin fahimtar tushen ka'idar don ƙirƙirar sabbin hanyoyin warwarewa.
Emil Maharramov
Shugaban Rukunin Sabis na Chemistry, Biocad
Tsarin tsari da tsawon darussan baya ba ku damar zurfafa zuwa matakin da ake buƙata. Masu karatun digiri sukan rasa waɗancan ƙwarewa masu laushi waɗanda galibi ana rasa su lokacin karanta guraben aiki. To, da gaske, wanene a cikinmu zai ce ba shi da tsarin tunani ko muradin ci gaba. Koyaya, dangane da ƙwararren Kimiyyar Bayanai, muna magana ne game da labari mai zurfi. Anan, don haɓakawa, kuna buƙatar nuna bambanci mai ƙarfi a cikin ka'idar da kimiyya, wanda ba zai yiwu ba ta hanyar dogon nazari, alal misali, a jami'a.
Yawancin ya dogara da mutum: idan kwas mai zurfi na watanni uku daga malamai masu karfi tare da kwarewa a matsayin jagoranci a cikin manyan kamfanoni ya kammala ta dalibi wanda ke da kyakkyawan ilimin lissafi da shirye-shirye, ya shiga cikin duk kayan aikin da kuma "shanye kamar soso. ,” kamar yadda suka ce a makaranta, to za a sami matsala da irin wannan ma’aikaci daga baya No. Amma 90-95% na mutane, don koyon wani abu har abada, suna buƙatar ƙarin koyo sau goma kuma su yi shi cikin tsari na shekaru da yawa a jere. Kuma wannan ya sa shirye-shiryen masters a cikin nazarin bayanai ya zama kyakkyawan zaɓi don samun tushe mai kyau na ilimi, wanda ba za ku yi baƙin ciki ba a cikin hira, kuma zai fi sauƙi don yin aikin.
Victor Kantor
Babban Masanin Kimiyya a MTS
Inda za a yi karatu don nemo aiki a Kimiyyar Bayanai
Akwai kyawawan darussan Kimiyyar Bayanai da yawa akan kasuwa kuma samun ilimin farko ba matsala bane. Amma yana da mahimmanci a fahimci abin da wannan ilimin ya mayar da hankali. Idan ɗan takarar ya riga yana da ƙwarewar fasaha mai ƙarfi, to, kwasa-kwasan darussan sune abin da suke buƙata. Mutum zai mallaki kayan aiki, ya zo wurin da sauri ya saba da shi, domin ya riga ya san yadda ake tunani kamar masanin lissafi, ya ga matsala da tsara matsaloli. Idan babu irin wannan bayanan, to, bayan karatun za ku zama mai kyau mai kyau, amma tare da iyakacin damar girma.
Idan kun fuskanci aikin ɗan gajeren lokaci na canza sana'a ko neman aiki a cikin wannan sana'a, to wasu kwasa-kwasan tsari sun dace da ku, waɗanda gajeru ne kuma da sauri suna ba da ƙarancin fasaha na fasaha don ku cancanci samun digiri. Matsayin matakin shiga a cikin wannan filin.
Ivan Yamshchikov
Daraktan Ilimi na shirin masters na kan layi "Kimiyyar Bayanai"
Matsalar darussa shine daidai cewa suna ba da sauri amma kaɗan kaɗan. A zahiri mutum ya tashi cikin sana'a kuma da sauri ya isa rufi. Don shiga cikin sana'a na dogon lokaci, kuna buƙatar kafa tushe mai kyau nan da nan a cikin tsarin dogon lokaci, alal misali, digiri na biyu.
Babban ilimi ya dace lokacin da kuka fahimci cewa wannan filin yana sha'awar ku na dogon lokaci. Ba ku da sha'awar samun aiki da wuri-wuri. Kuma ba kwa son samun rufin sana'a; Hakanan ba kwa son fuskantar matsalar rashin ilimi, ƙwarewa, rashin fahimtar yanayin yanayin gaba ɗaya tare da taimakon samfuran sabbin abubuwa. Don wannan, kuna buƙatar ilimi mafi girma, wanda ba wai kawai ƙirƙirar saitin ƙwarewar fasaha ba, har ma yana tsara tunanin ku daban kuma yana taimaka muku ƙirƙirar hangen nesa na aikin ku na dogon lokaci.
Ivan Yamshchikov
Daraktan Ilimi na shirin masters na kan layi "Kimiyyar Bayanai"
Rashin rufin aiki shine babban fa'idar shirin maigidan. A cikin shekaru biyu, ƙwararren yana karɓar tushe mai ƙarfi na ka'idar. Wannan shine abin da zangon farko a cikin shirin Kimiyyar Bayanai a NUST MISIS yayi kama da haka:
- Gabatarwa zuwa Kimiyyar Bayanai. makonni 2.
- Tushen bincike na bayanai. sarrafa bayanai. makonni 2
- Koyon inji. Ana aiwatar da bayanai. makonni 2
- EDA. Binciken bayanan sirri. makonni 3
- Algorithms na koyon inji. Ch1 + Ch2 (makonni 6)
A lokaci guda, zaku iya samun gogewa mai amfani a lokaci guda a wurin aiki. Babu wani abu da zai hana ku samun ƙaramin matsayi da zarar ɗalibin ya ƙware kayan aikin da ake buƙata. Amma, ba kamar wanda ya kammala kwas ba, digiri na biyu ba ya dakatar da karatunsa a can, amma ya ci gaba da zurfafa cikin wannan sana'a. A nan gaba, wannan yana ba ku damar haɓakawa a cikin Kimiyyar Bayanai ba tare da hani ba.
A shafin yanar gizon Jami'ar Kimiyya da Fasaha "MISiS" ga masu son yin aiki a Kimiyyar Bayanai. Wakilan NUST MISIS, SkillFactory, HeadHunter, Facebook, Mail.ru Group da Yandex, Zan gaya muku abubuwa mafi mahimmanci:
- "Yaya ake samun matsayin ku a Kimiyyar Bayanai?",
- "Shin zai yiwu a zama masanin kimiyyar bayanai daga karce?",
- "Shin buƙatar masana kimiyyar bayanai za su kasance a cikin shekaru 2-5?"
- "Waɗanne matsaloli masana kimiyyar bayanai ke aiki akai?"
- "Yaya ake gina sana'a a Kimiyyar Bayanai?"
Horon kan layi, difloma na ilimin jama'a. karba har sai 10 Aug.
source: www.habr.com