David O'Brien kwanan nan ya ƙaddamar da nasa kamfani, Xirus (https://xirus.com.au), yana mai da hankali kan samfuran girgije na Microsoft Azure Stack. An ƙera su don ginawa da gudanar da aikace-aikacen gauraya a koyaushe a cikin cibiyoyin bayanai, wurare masu nisa, ofisoshin nesa, da gajimare.
David yana horar da daidaikun mutane da kamfanoni akan duk abubuwan Microsoft Azure da Azure DevOps (tsohon VSTS) kuma har yanzu yana yin aikin hannu-kan tuntuɓar da infracoding. Ya kasance MVP na Microsoft (Microsoft Most Valuable Professional) wanda ya ci lambar yabo na shekaru 5 kuma kwanan nan ya sami lambar yabo ta Azure MVP. A matsayinsa na mai shirya taron Microsoft Cloud da Datacentre Meetup na Melbourne, O'Brien yana magana akai-akai a taron kasa da kasa, yana hada sha'awarsa na balaguron duniya tare da sha'awar raba labarun IT tare da al'umma. Shafin David yana nan a , ya kuma buga horon sa akan layi akan Pluralsight.
Maganar tana magana game da mahimmancin ma'auni don fahimtar abin da ke faruwa a cikin mahallin ku da yadda aikace-aikacenku ke gudana. Microsoft Azure yana da hanya mai ƙarfi da sauƙi don nuna ma'auni don kowane nau'in nauyin aiki, kuma laccar ta bayyana yadda zaku iya amfani da su duka.
Da karfe 3 na safe a ranar Lahadi, yayin da kuke barci, saƙon rubutu ya tashe ku ba zato ba tsammani: “Application na gaba baya mayar da martani.” Me ke faruwa? A ina kuma menene dalilin "birki"? A cikin wannan magana, za ku koyi game da ayyukan da Microsoft Azure ke ba abokan ciniki don tattara rajistan ayyukan da, musamman, ma'auni daga ayyukan girgijen ku. Dauda zai gaya muku abin da ma'auni ya kamata ku yi sha'awar lokacin aiki a kan dandalin girgije da kuma yadda za ku isa gare su. Za ku koyi game da buɗaɗɗen kayan aikin tushen da ginin dashboard, kuma ku ƙare da isasshen ilimi don ƙirƙirar dashboard na ku.
Kuma idan aka sake tashe ku da karfe 3 na safe ta hanyar sakon cewa wani muhimmin aikace-aikacen ya fadi, za ku iya gano dalilinsa da sauri.
Barka da rana, a yau za mu yi magana game da ma'auni. Sunana David O'Brien, ni ne wanda ya kafa kuma mamallakin wani karamin kamfanin tuntuba na Australiya, Xirus. Na sake godewa da ka zo nan don ciyar da lokacinka tare da ni. To me yasa muke nan? Don yin magana game da ma'auni, ko kuma wajen, zan gaya muku game da su, kuma kafin yin kowane abu, bari mu fara da ka'idar.
Zan gaya muku menene ma'auni, abin da zaku iya yi da su, abin da kuke buƙatar kula da shi, yadda ake tattarawa da ba da damar tarin awo a cikin Azure, da menene ma'aunin hangen nesa. Zan nuna muku yadda waɗannan abubuwan suke a cikin girgijen Microsoft da yadda ake aiki da wannan gajimaren.
Kafin mu fara, zan tambayi nunin hannu daga waɗanda ke amfani da Microsoft Azure. Wanene yake aiki tare da AWS? Ina ganin kadan. Google fa? ALI Cloud? Mutum daya! Mai girma. To menene ma'auni? Ma'anar hukuma ta Cibiyar Ƙididdiga da Fasaha ta Amurka ita ce: "Ma'auni shine ma'aunin ma'auni wanda ke bayyana yanayi da ƙa'idodi don auna dukiya kuma yana aiki don fahimtar sakamakon auna." Me ake nufi?
Bari mu ɗauki misalin ma'auni don canza sararin faifai kyauta na injin kama-da-wane. Misali, an ba mu lamba 90, kuma wannan lambar tana nufin kaso, wato adadin sararin faifai kyauta ya kai kashi 90%. Na lura cewa ba shi da ban sha'awa sosai don karanta bayanin ma'anar ma'auni, wanda ke ɗaukar shafuka 40 a cikin tsarin pdf.
Duk da haka, ma'aunin bai faɗi yadda aka samu sakamakon ma'aunin ba, yana nuna wannan sakamakon kawai. Me muke yi da ma'auni?
Da farko, muna auna darajar wani abu domin mu yi amfani da sakamakon aunawa.
Misali, mun gano adadin sararin diski kyauta kuma yanzu zamu iya amfani da shi, amfani da wannan ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, da sauransu. Da zarar mun sami sakamakon awo, dole ne mu fassara shi. Misali, metric ya dawo da sakamakon 90. Muna buƙatar sanin abin da wannan lambar ke nufi: adadin sarari kyauta ko adadin sararin diski da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin kashi ko gigabytes, latency na cibiyar sadarwa daidai da 90 ms, da sauransu, wato. , muna buƙatar fassara ma'anar ƙimar ma'auni. Domin ma'auni ya zama mai ma'ana kwata-kwata, bayan fassara ma'auni guda ɗaya, muna buƙatar tabbatar da cewa an tattara ƙimomi da yawa. Wannan yana da mahimmanci sosai saboda mutane da yawa ba su san buƙatar tattara awo ba. Microsoft ya sauƙaƙe don tattara awo, amma ya rage naka don tabbatar da tattara su. Ana adana waɗannan ma'auni na kwanaki 41 kawai kuma suna ɓacewa a rana ta 42. Sabili da haka, dangane da kaddarorin kayan aikin ku na waje ko na ciki, ya kamata ku kula da yadda ake adana ma'auni fiye da kwanaki 41 - a cikin nau'ikan rajistan ayyukan, rajistan ayyukan, da sauransu. Don haka, bayan tattarawa, yakamata ku sanya su a wani wuri wanda zai ba ku damar fitar da duk kididdigar canje-canje a sakamakon awo idan ya cancanta. Da zarar ka sanya su a can, za ka iya fara aiki tare da su yadda ya kamata.
Sai kawai bayan kun sami awo, fassara su kuma tattara su, zaku iya ƙirƙirar yarjejeniyar matakin sabis na SLA. Wannan SLA bazai da mahimmanci ga abokan cinikin ku; yana da mahimmanci ga abokan aikin ku, manajoji, waɗanda ke kula da tsarin kuma suna damuwa game da ayyukan sa. Ma'auni na iya auna adadin tikiti - alal misali, kuna karɓar tikiti 5 kowace rana, kuma a cikin wannan yanayin yana nuna saurin amsa buƙatun mai amfani da saurin matsala. Ma'auni bai kamata kawai ya ce rukunin yanar gizonku yana ɗaukar nauyin 20ms ba ko kuma saurin amsawar ku shine 20ms, ma'auni ya wuce alamar fasaha ɗaya kawai.
Don haka, aikin tattaunawar mu shine gabatar muku da cikakken hoto na ainihin ma'auni. Ma'auni yana aiki ta yadda ta kallonsa za ku iya samun cikakken hoton tsarin.
Da zarar mun sami ma'auni, za mu iya ba da tabbacin kashi 99% na tsarin yana aiki, saboda ba wai kawai kallon fayil ɗin log ɗin ya ce tsarin yana aiki ba. Garanti na lokaci na 99% yana nufin cewa, alal misali, 99% na lokacin API yana amsawa a daidaitaccen gudu na 30 ms. Wannan shine ainihin abin da ke sha'awar masu amfani da ku, abokan aikin ku da manajoji. Yawancin abokan cinikinmu suna lura da rajistar sabar yanar gizo, amma ba sa lura da kowane kurakurai a cikinsu kuma suna tunanin cewa komai yana da kyau. Misali, suna ganin saurin hanyar sadarwa na 200 Mb/s kuma suna tunanin: “Ok, komai yana da kyau!” Amma don cimma waɗannan 200, masu amfani suna buƙatar saurin amsawa na miliyon 30, kuma wannan shine ainihin alamar da ba a auna ba kuma ba a tattara a cikin fayilolin log ba. A lokaci guda, masu amfani suna mamakin cewa rukunin yanar gizon yana ɗaukar nauyi a hankali, saboda, ba tare da samun ma'aunin da ake buƙata ba, ba su san dalilan wannan hali ba.
Amma tunda muna da SLA na 100% na lokaci, abokan ciniki sun fara gunaguni saboda shafin yana da wahalar amfani da gaske. Don haka, don ƙirƙirar SLA na haƙiƙa, ya zama dole a ga cikakken hoton tsarin da ma'aunin da aka tattara ya ƙirƙira. Wannan batu ne mai gudana da nake da shi tare da wasu masu samarwa waɗanda, lokacin ƙirƙirar SLAs, ba su da masaniyar abin da kalmar "lokaci" ke nufi kuma a mafi yawan lokuta ba sa bayyana wa abokan cinikin su yadda API ke aiki.
Idan kun ƙirƙiri sabis, alal misali, API don mutum na uku, yakamata ku fahimci abin da sakamakon awo na 39,5 ke nufi - amsawa, amsa mai nasara, amsawa a saurin 20 ms ko a saurin 5 ms. Ya rage naku don daidaita SLA su zuwa naku SLA, zuwa ma'aunin ku.
Da zarar kun gano duk wannan, zaku iya fara ƙirƙirar dashboard mai ban sha'awa. Fada mani, shin akwai wanda ya riga ya yi amfani da aikace-aikacen gani na gani na Grafana? Mai girma! Ni babban masoyin wannan buɗaɗɗen tushe ne saboda wannan abu kyauta ne kuma mai sauƙin amfani.
Idan har yanzu ba ku yi amfani da Grafana ba, zan gaya muku yadda ake aiki da shi. Duk wanda aka haifa a cikin 80s da 90s mai yiwuwa ya tuna CareBears? Ban san yadda shahararrun waɗannan berayen suka kasance a cikin Rasha ba, amma idan ana batun awo, ya kamata mu kasance iri ɗaya "bayar kulawa." Kamar yadda na fada, kuna buƙatar babban hoto na yadda tsarin gabaɗayan ke aiki, kuma bai kamata kawai ya kasance game da API ɗinku ba, gidan yanar gizonku, ko sabis ɗin da ke gudana a cikin injin kama-da-wane.
Dole ne ku tsara tarin waɗannan ma'auni waɗanda suka fi nuna cikakken aikin tsarin gaba ɗaya. Yawancin ku masu haɓaka software ne, don haka rayuwarku tana canzawa koyaushe, tana dacewa da sabbin buƙatun samfur, kuma kamar yadda kuka damu da aiwatar da coding, yakamata ku damu da awo. Kuna buƙatar sanin yadda ma'aunin ke da alaƙa da kowane layin lambar da kuka rubuta. Misali, mako mai zuwa kuna fara sabon kamfen talla kuma ku sa ran adadin masu amfani da yawa su ziyarci rukunin yanar gizon ku. Don nazarin wannan taron, kuna buƙatar awo, kuma kuna iya buƙatar gabaɗayan dashboard don bin diddigin ayyukan waɗannan mutane. Kuna buƙatar ma'auni don fahimtar yadda nasarar yaƙin neman zaɓe na tallan ku da kuma yadda yake aiwatarwa. Za su taimake ku, alal misali, haɓaka ingantaccen CRM - tsarin kula da dangantakar abokin ciniki.
Don haka bari mu fara da sabis ɗin girgije na Azure. Yana da sauƙin nemo da tsara tarin awo saboda yana da Azure Monitor. Wannan saka idanu yana daidaita tsarin sarrafa tsarin ku. Kowane ɗayan abubuwan Azure da kuke son amfani da su a tsarin ku yana da awo da yawa da aka kunna ta tsohuwa. Wannan aikace-aikacen kyauta ne wanda ke aiki kai tsaye daga cikin akwatin kuma baya buƙatar kowane saiti na farko; ba kwa buƙatar rubuta ko "ƙulla" wani abu zuwa tsarin ku. Za mu tabbatar da hakan ta hanyar kallon demo mai zuwa.
Bugu da ƙari, yana yiwuwa a aika waɗannan ma'auni zuwa aikace-aikace na ɓangare na uku, irin su tsarin ajiya na Splunk log da tsarin bincike, aikace-aikacen sarrafa log na tushen girgije SumoLogic, kayan aikin sarrafa log na ELK, da IBM Radar. Gaskiya ne, akwai ƴan bambance-bambancen da suka dogara da albarkatun da kuke amfani da su - na'ura mai mahimmanci, sabis na cibiyar sadarwa, Azure SQL databases, wato, amfani da ma'auni ya bambanta dangane da ayyukan yanayin aikin ku. Ba zan ce waɗannan bambance-bambance suna da tsanani ba, amma, rashin alheri, har yanzu suna nan, kuma ya kamata a yi la'akari da wannan. Yin kunnawa da aika awo yana yiwuwa ta hanyoyi da yawa: ta hanyar Portal, CLI/Power Shell, ko amfani da samfuran ARM.
Kafin in fara demo na farko, zan amsa kowace tambaya da kuke da ita. Idan babu tambayoyi, bari mu fara. Allon yana nuna yadda shafin Azure Monitor yayi kama. Shin dayanku zai iya cewa wannan duba baya aiki?
Don haka yanzu komai yana da kyau, zaku iya ganin yadda ayyukan saka idanu suke kama. Zan iya cewa wannan kayan aiki ne mai kyau kuma mai sauƙi don aikin yau da kullum. Ana iya amfani da shi don saka idanu aikace-aikace, cibiyoyin sadarwa da ababen more rayuwa. Kwanan nan, an inganta yanayin sa ido, kuma idan a baya ana samun ayyuka a wurare daban-daban, yanzu duk bayanan da ke kan ayyuka an ƙarfafa su a kan shafin gidan mai saka idanu.
Teburin awo shafi ne tare da hanyar HomeMonitorMetrics, wanda zaku iya zuwa don ganin duk ma'aunin da ke akwai kuma zaɓi waɗanda kuke buƙata. Amma idan kuna buƙatar kunna tarin ma'auni, kuna buƙatar amfani da hanyar jagorar saitunan saitunan HomeMonitorDiagnostic kuma duba akwatunan ma'auni Enabled/Nakasassu. Ta hanyar tsoho, kusan duk awo suna kunna, amma idan kuna buƙatar kunna ƙarin wani abu, kuna buƙatar canza yanayin ganowa daga Naƙasasshe zuwa An kunna.
Don yin wannan, danna kan layin da aka zaɓa kuma akan shafin da ke buɗewa, kunna yanayin bincike. Idan za ku yi nazarin ma'aunin da aka zaɓa, sannan bayan danna kan Kunna hanyar haɗin yanar gizo, kuna buƙatar duba akwatin rajistan Aika zuwa Log Analytics a cikin taga da ya bayyana.
Log Analytics yana ɗan kama da Splunk, amma farashi kaɗan ne. Wannan sabis ɗin yana ba ku damar tattara duk ma'aunin ku, rajistan ayyukanku da duk abin da kuke buƙata kuma sanya su a cikin Wurin Ayyukan Binciken Log. Sabis ɗin yana amfani da yaren sarrafa tambaya na KQL na musamman - Kusto Quarry Language, za mu kalli aikinsa a demo na gaba. A yanzu, zan lura cewa tare da taimakonsa zaku iya ƙirƙirar tambayoyi game da ma'auni, rajistan ayyukan, sharuɗɗa, halaye, alamu, da sauransu. kuma ƙirƙirar dashboards.
Don haka, muna duba akwatin rajistan Aika zuwa Log Analytics da akwatunan alamar LOG: DataPlaneRequests, MongoRequests da QueryRuntime Statistics, da ƙasa akan kwamitin METRIC - Akwatin Buƙatun. Sai mu sanya suna kuma mu ajiye saitunan. A kan layin umarni, wannan yana wakiltar layin lamba biyu. Af, Azure Cloud harsashi a wannan ma'ana yayi kama da Google, wanda kuma yana ba ku damar amfani da layin umarni a cikin burauzar yanar gizon ku. AWS ba shi da wani abu makamancin haka, don haka Azure ya fi dacewa a wannan ma'anar.
Misali, zan iya gudanar da demo ta hanyar yanar gizo ba tare da amfani da kowane lamba akan kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka ba. Don yin wannan, dole ne in tabbatar da asusun na Azure. Sannan zaku iya amfani da, misali, terrafone, idan kun riga kun yi amfani da shi, jira haɗin haɗin sabis ɗin ku sami yanayin aiki na Linux wanda Microsoft ke amfani da shi ta tsohuwa.
Na gaba, Ina amfani da Bash, wanda aka gina a cikin Azure Cloud Shell. Abu mai matukar amfani shine IDE da aka gina a cikin burauzar, nau'in VS Code mara nauyi. Na gaba, Zan iya shiga cikin samfurin awo na kuskure, gyara shi, da tsara shi don dacewa da buƙatu na.
Da zarar kun saita tarin ma'auni a cikin wannan samfuri, zaku iya amfani da shi don ƙirƙirar ma'auni don kayan aikinku gaba ɗaya. Da zarar mun yi amfani da ma'aunin, tattara su, muka adana su, za mu buƙaci mu hango su.
Azure Monitor kawai yana ma'amala da ma'auni kuma baya bayar da cikakken hoto na lafiyar tsarin ku. Kuna iya samun adadin wasu aikace-aikacen da ke gudana a wajen yanayin Azure. Don haka idan kuna buƙatar saka idanu akan duk matakai, kuna ganin duk ma'aunin da aka tattara a wuri ɗaya, to Azure Monitor bai dace da wannan ba.
Don magance wannan matsalar, Microsoft yana ba da kayan aikin Power BI, cikakkiyar software don nazarin kasuwanci wanda ya haɗa da hangen nesa na bayanai iri-iri. Wannan samfuri ne mai tsada mai tsada, farashin wanda ya dogara da saitin ayyukan da kuke buƙata. Ta hanyar tsohuwa, yana ba ku nau'ikan bayanai guda 48 don aiwatarwa kuma ana haɗa su zuwa ɗakunan ajiya na bayanan Azure SQL, Adana Bayanan Lake na Azure, Ayyukan Koyon Injin Azure, da Azure Databricks. Yin amfani da scalability, zaku iya karɓar sabbin bayanai kowane minti 30. Wannan ƙila ko ƙila bai isa ba don bukatunku idan kuna buƙatar hangen nesa na sa ido na lokaci-lokaci. A wannan yanayin, ana ba da shawarar yin amfani da aikace-aikace irin su Grafana da na ambata. Bugu da kari, takaddun Microsoft sun bayyana ikon aika awo, rajistan ayyukan da tebur taron ta amfani da kayan aikin SIEM zuwa tsarin gani Splunk, SumoLogic, ELK da radar IBM.
23:40 min
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Na gode da kasancewa tare da mu. Kuna son labaran mu? Kuna son ganin ƙarin abun ciki mai ban sha'awa? Goyon bayan mu ta hanyar ba da oda ko ba da shawara ga abokai, , analog na musamman na sabar matakin shigarwa, wanda mu muka ƙirƙira muku: (akwai tare da RAID1 da RAID10, har zuwa 24 cores kuma har zuwa 40GB DDR4).
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