Kamar yadda kuka sani, SAP yana ba da cikakken kewayon software duka don kiyaye bayanan ma'amala da sarrafa wannan bayanan a cikin bincike da tsarin bayar da rahoto. Musamman ma, dandalin SAP Business Warehouse (SAP BW) kayan aiki kayan aiki ne don adanawa da kuma nazarin bayanai tare da fasaha mai yawa. Don duk fa'idodinta na haƙiƙa, tsarin SAP BW yana da babban koma baya. Wannan babban farashi ne na adanawa da sarrafa bayanai, musamman sananne lokacin amfani da SAP BW na tushen girgije akan Hana.
Menene idan kun fara amfani da wasu marasa SAP kuma zai fi dacewa samfurin OpenSource azaman ajiya? Mu a X5 Retail Group mun zaɓi GreenPlum. Wannan, ba shakka, yana warware batun farashi, amma a lokaci guda, batutuwan nan da nan sun taso wanda aka warware kusan ta hanyar tsoho lokacin amfani da SAP BW.
Musamman, yadda za a dawo da bayanai daga tsarin tushen, wanda yawanci SAP mafita?
HR Metrics shine aikin farko wanda ya zama dole don magance wannan matsalar. Manufarmu ita ce ƙirƙirar ma'ajiyar bayanan HR da gina rahotanni na nazari a fannin aiki tare da ma'aikata. A wannan yanayin, babban tushen bayanai shine tsarin ma'amala na SAP HCM, wanda ake aiwatar da duk ma'aikata, ƙungiyoyi da ayyukan albashi.
Cire bayanai
A cikin SAP BW akwai daidaitattun masu cire bayanai don tsarin SAP. Waɗannan masu cirewa za su iya tattara bayanan da suka dace ta atomatik, saka idanu da amincin sa, da tantance canjin deltas. Anan, misali, shine daidaitaccen tushen bayanai don halayen ma'aikaci 0EMPLOYEE_ATTR:
Sakamakon fitar da bayanai daga gare ta ga ma'aikaci ɗaya:
Idan ya cancanta, ana iya canza irin wannan mai cirewa don dacewa da buƙatun ku ko kuma a iya ƙirƙiri mai cirewa naku.
Tunanin farko da ya taso shine yiwuwar sake amfani da su. Abin takaici, wannan ya zama aiki mai wuyar gaske. Yawancin dabaru ana aiwatar da su a gefen SAP BW, kuma ba zai yiwu a raba mai cirewa a tushen daga SAP BW ba.
Ya zama a fili cewa za mu buƙaci haɓaka tsarin namu don fitar da bayanai daga tsarin SAP.
Tsarin ajiyar bayanai a cikin SAP HCM
Don fahimtar abubuwan da ake buƙata don irin wannan injin, da farko muna buƙatar sanin menene bayanan da muke buƙata.
Yawancin bayanai a cikin SAP HCM ana adana su a cikin teburin SQL masu lebur. Dangane da wannan bayanan, aikace-aikacen SAP suna ganin tsarin ƙungiyoyi, ma'aikata da sauran bayanan HR ga mai amfani. Misali, wannan shine yadda tsarin kungiya yayi kama da SAP HCM:
A zahiri, ana adana irin wannan bishiyar a cikin tebur biyu - a cikin hrp1000 abubuwa kuma a cikin hRP1001 haɗin tsakanin waɗannan abubuwa.
Abubuwan "Sashe na 1" da "Office 1":
Dangantaka tsakanin abubuwa:
Ana iya samun adadi mai yawa na nau'ikan abubuwa biyu da nau'ikan haɗin gwiwa tsakanin su. Akwai daidaitattun haɗin kai tsakanin abubuwa da waɗanda aka keɓance don takamaiman bukatun ku. Misali, daidaitaccen dangantakar B012 tsakanin ƙungiyar ƙungiya da matsayi na cikakken lokaci yana nuna shugaban sashen.
Nunin mai sarrafa a cikin SAP:
Adana a cikin tebur na bayanai:
Ana adana bayanan ma'aikata a cikin tebur pa *. Misali, ana adana bayanai akan abubuwan da suka faru na ma'aikata na ma'aikaci a cikin tebur pa0000
Mun yanke shawarar cewa GreenPlum zai ɗauki bayanan "danye", watau. kawai kwafa su daga teburin SAP. Kuma kai tsaye a cikin GreenPlum za a sarrafa su kuma a canza su zuwa abubuwa na zahiri (misali, Sashe ko Ma'aikaci) da awo (misali, matsakaicin adadin kai).
Kimanin teburi 70 aka ayyana, bayanai daga wanda dole ne a canja shi zuwa GreenPlum. Bayan haka mun fara samar da hanyar da za a iya watsa wannan bayanai.
SAP yana ba da adadi mai yawa na hanyoyin haɗin kai. Amma hanya mafi sauƙi ita ce an hana samun shiga rumbun adana bayanai kai tsaye saboda hani na lasisi. Don haka, dole ne a aiwatar da duk hanyoyin haɗin kai a matakin uwar garken aikace-aikacen.
Matsala ta gaba ita ce rashin bayanai game da bayanan da aka goge a cikin bayanan SAP. Lokacin da kuka share layi a cikin ma'ajin bayanai, ana goge shi a zahiri. Wadancan. samuwar delta canji bisa lokacin canji bai yiwu ba.
Tabbas, SAP HCM yana da hanyoyin yin rikodin canje-canjen bayanai. Misali, don canja wuri na gaba zuwa tsarin mai karɓa, akwai alamun canji waɗanda ke rikodin kowane canje-canje kuma akan abin da aka kafa Idoc (wani abu don canjawa zuwa tsarin waje).
Misali IDoc don canza infotype 0302 ga ma'aikaci mai lambar ma'aikata 1251445:
Ko adana rajistan ayyukan canje-canjen bayanai a cikin tebur na DBTABLOG.
Misalin log don share rikodin tare da maɓallin QK53216375 daga tebur hrp1000:
Amma waɗannan hanyoyin ba su samuwa don duk mahimman bayanai, kuma sarrafa su a matakin uwar garken aikace-aikacen na iya cinye albarkatu masu yawa. Don haka, ba da damar yin shiga da yawa akan duk teburin da ake buƙata na iya haifar da lahani na aikin tsarin.
Babbar matsala ta gaba ita ce teburi masu tari. Ƙimar lokaci da bayanan biyan kuɗi a cikin nau'in RDBMS na SAP HCM an adana shi azaman saitin tebur na ma'ana ga kowane ma'aikaci don kowane lissafin. Ana adana waɗannan tebur masu ma'ana azaman bayanan binary a cikin tebur pcl2.
Tarin Albashi:
Ba za a iya la'akari da bayanai daga gundumomi masu tari azaman umarnin SQL ba, amma yana buƙatar amfani da macro na SAP HCM ko kayan aikin musamman. Saboda haka, saurin karatun irin waɗannan allunan zai zama ƙasa kaɗan. A gefe guda, irin waɗannan gungu suna adana bayanan da ake buƙata sau ɗaya kawai a wata - biyan kuɗi na ƙarshe da ƙididdigar lokaci. Don haka gudun a cikin wannan yanayin ba shi da mahimmanci.
Ƙididdiga zaɓuɓɓuka don ƙirƙirar sauye-sauyen bayanai, mun yanke shawarar kuma la'akari da zaɓi na cikakken saukewa. Zaɓin canja wurin gigabytes na bayanan da ba a canza ba tsakanin tsarin kowace rana bazai yi kyau ba. Koyaya, yana da fa'idodi da yawa - babu buƙatar aiwatar da duka biyun a gefen tushen kuma aiwatar da shigar da wannan delta a gefen mai karɓa. Sabili da haka, an rage farashin da lokacin aiwatarwa, kuma amincin haɗin gwiwa yana ƙaruwa. A lokaci guda, an ƙaddara cewa kusan dukkanin canje-canje a cikin SAP HR suna faruwa a cikin sararin sama na watanni uku kafin kwanan wata. Don haka, an yanke shawarar zaɓin zazzagewar yau da kullun na bayanai daga SAP HR N watanni kafin kwanan wata da cikakken zazzagewa kowane wata. Ma'aunin N ya dogara da takamaiman tebur
kuma daga 1 zuwa 15.
An gabatar da tsari mai zuwa don hakar bayanai:
Tsarin waje yana haifar da buƙatu kuma aika shi zuwa SAP HCM, inda aka bincika wannan buƙatar don cikar bayanai da izini don samun damar tebur. Idan rajistan ya yi nasara, SAP HCM yana gudanar da shirin da ke tattara bayanan da suka dace kuma ya canza shi zuwa maganin haɗin kai na Fuse. Fuse yana ƙayyade batun da ake buƙata a cikin Kafka kuma yana canja wurin bayanai a can. Bayan haka, ana canja bayanan daga Kafka zuwa Stage Area GP.
A cikin wannan sarkar, muna sha'awar batun fitar da bayanai daga SAP HCM. Bari mu duba dalla-dalla.
Tsarin hulɗar SAP HCM-FUSE.
Tsarin waje yana ƙayyade lokacin buƙatun nasara na ƙarshe zuwa SAP.
Za a iya ƙaddamar da tsarin ta mai ƙidayar lokaci ko wani taron, gami da ƙarewar lokaci don jira amsa tare da bayanai daga SAP kuma fara buƙatar maimaitawa. Sannan yana haifar da buƙatar delta kuma aika shi zuwa SAP.
Ana aika bayanan buƙatar zuwa ga jiki a tsarin json.
Hanyar http: POST.
Misali nema:
Sabis na SAP yana kula da buƙatun don cikawa, yarda da tsarin SAP na yanzu, da kuma samun damar izinin shiga teburin da aka nema.
Idan akwai kurakurai, sabis ɗin yana mayar da martani tare da lambar da ta dace da bayanin. Idan sarrafawa ya yi nasara, zai ƙirƙiri tsarin baya don samar da samfur, ƙirƙira da kuma dawo da id ɗin zama na musamman.
Idan akwai kuskure, tsarin waje yana rubuta shi a cikin log ɗin. Idan an sami nasarar amsawa, yana watsa id ɗin zaman da sunan tebur wanda aka yi buƙatarsa.
Tsarin waje yana yin rajistar zaman na yanzu a matsayin buɗe. Idan akwai wasu zama na wannan tebur, an rufe su tare da shigar da gargadi.
Aikin baya na SAP yana haifar da siginan kwamfuta dangane da ƙayyadaddun sigogi da fakitin bayanai na ƙayyadaddun girman. Girman tsari shine matsakaicin adadin bayanan da tsari ke karantawa daga ma'ajin bayanai. Ta hanyar tsoho, ana tsammanin ya zama daidai da 2000. Idan akwai ƙarin bayanai a cikin samfurin bayanai fiye da girman fakitin da aka yi amfani da su, bayan watsa fakitin farko, toshe na gaba yana samuwa tare da madaidaicin diyya da ƙarin lambar fakiti. Ana ƙara lambobi da 1 kuma ana aika su bi da bi.
Na gaba, SAP ya wuce fakitin azaman shigarwa zuwa sabis na yanar gizo na tsarin waje. Kuma tsarin yana aiwatar da sarrafawa akan fakitin mai shigowa. Dole ne a yi rajistar zama tare da id ɗin da aka karɓa a cikin tsarin kuma dole ne ya kasance a cikin buɗaɗɗen matsayi. Idan lambar kunshin> 1, tsarin yakamata yayi rikodin nasarar nasarar fakitin da ta gabata (package_id-1).
Idan sarrafawa ya yi nasara, tsarin waje yana ƙididdigewa kuma yana adana bayanan tebur.
Bugu da ƙari, idan tuta ta ƙarshe ta kasance a cikin fakitin kuma serialization ya yi nasara, ana sanar da tsarin haɗakarwa game da nasarar kammala sarrafa zaman kuma tsarin yana sabunta matsayin zaman.
Idan akwai kuskuren sarrafawa/wasa, an shigar da kuskuren kuma tsarin waje zai ƙi fakitin wannan zaman.
Hakazalika, a cikin akasin yanayin, lokacin da tsarin waje ya dawo da kuskure, ana shigar da shi kuma watsa fakiti yana tsayawa.
Don neman bayanai a gefen SAP HCM, an aiwatar da sabis na haɗin kai. Ana aiwatar da sabis ɗin akan tsarin ICF (Tsarin Sadarwar Intanet na SAP - ). Yana ba ku damar bincika bayanai daga tsarin SAP HCM ta amfani da takamaiman tebur. Lokacin ƙirƙirar buƙatun bayanai, yana yiwuwa a ƙayyade jerin takamaiman filayen da sigogin tacewa don samun mahimman bayanai. A lokaci guda, aiwatar da sabis ɗin ba ya nufin duk wata dabarar kasuwanci. Hakanan ana aiwatar da algorithms don ƙididdige delta, sigogin tambaya, saka idanu na gaskiya, da sauransu a gefen tsarin waje.
Wannan tsarin yana ba ku damar tattarawa da watsa duk bayanan da ake buƙata a cikin 'yan sa'o'i kaɗan. Wannan gudun yana kusa da yarda, don haka muna la'akari da wannan bayani a matsayin na wucin gadi, wanda ya sa ya yiwu a cika buƙatar kayan aikin hakar a kan aikin.
A cikin hoton da aka yi niyya, don magance matsalar hakar bayanai, ana bincika zaɓuɓɓukan amfani da tsarin CDC kamar Oracle Golden Gate ko kayan aikin ETL irin su SAP DS.
source: www.habr.com