A yau, mayar da hankalinmu ba wai kawai kan layin samfurin Huawei don ƙirƙirar cibiyoyin cibiyoyin bayanai ba, har ma akan yadda za a gina ci gaba na ƙarshen-zuwa-ƙarshen mafita dangane da su. Bari mu fara da yanayi, matsa zuwa takamaiman ayyuka da kayan aiki ke goyan bayan, kuma mu ƙare tare da bayyani na takamaiman na'urori waɗanda za su iya zama tushen cibiyoyin bayanan zamani tare da mafi girman matakin sarrafa kansa na hanyoyin sadarwa.
Komai ban sha'awa halaye na kayan aikin cibiyar sadarwa, damar da aka yi amfani da hanyoyin hanyoyin gine-ginen da suka dogara da shi ana ƙaddara ta yadda tasirin haɗin gwiwar hardware, software, kama-da-wane da sauran fasahohin da ke da alaƙa da shi zai iya zama. Ƙoƙarin ci gaba da zamani, muna ƙoƙarin ba da sauri ga abokan ciniki na zamani da dama masu ban sha'awa, waɗanda sau da yawa suna gaba da mafi girman tsare-tsaren sauran masu sayarwa.
Abubuwan da suka danganci Cloud Fabric sun haɗa da cibiyar sadarwar cibiyar bayanai, mai sarrafa SDN, da sauran abubuwan da suka dace don takamaiman aikin, ciki har da daga wasu masana'antun.
Halin na farko da mafi sauƙi ya haɗa da amfani da ƙaramin adadin abubuwan haɗin gwiwa: an gina hanyar sadarwar akan kayan aikin Huawei da kayan aikin ɓangare na uku don sarrafa ayyukan sarrafa cibiyar sadarwa da sa ido. Misali, irin su Mai yiwuwa ko Microsoft Azure.
Halin na biyu yana ɗauka cewa abokin ciniki ya riga ya yi amfani da tsarin haɓakawa da tsarin SDN don cibiyoyin bayanai, in ji NSX, kuma yana so ya yi amfani da kayan aikin Huawei a matsayin hardware VTEP (Vitual Tunnel End Point) a cikin mafita na VMware na yanzu. A shafin yanar gizon wannan kamfani Kayan aikin Huawei waɗanda aka gwada kuma ana iya amfani da su azaman VTEP. Bayan haka, ba asiri ba ne cewa, ko ta yaya nasarar VXLAN (Virtual Extensible LAN) mafita software akan maɓalli mai kama-da-wane, aiwatar da kayan aikin sun fi dacewa dangane da aiki.
Halin yanayi na uku shine gina tsarin gudanarwa & lissafin tsarin aji wanda ya haɗa da mai sarrafawa, amma rasa duk wani dandamali mafi girma wanda zai zama dole don haɗawa da shi. Ɗaya daga cikin zaɓuɓɓuka don aiwatar da wannan yanayin ya ƙunshi kasancewar keɓaɓɓen mai sarrafa Agile Controller-DCN SDN. Masu gudanar da tsarin za su iya amfani da wannan gine-gine don gudanar da ayyukan gudanar da hanyar sadarwa na yau da kullum. Ƙarin ci gaba na yanayin yanayi na uku ya dogara ne akan hulɗar Agile Controller-DCN tare da VMware vCenter, wanda wani tsarin kasuwanci ya haɗe, amma kuma ba tare da babban tsarin gudanarwa ba.
Yanayi na huɗu abin lura ne - haɗin kai tare da dandamali na sama bisa OpenStack ko samfurin mu na FusionSphere. Muna yin rajistar buƙatun da yawa don mafita na gine-gine iri ɗaya, waɗanda OpenStack (CentOS, Red Hat, da sauransu) suka fi shahara. Duk ya dogara da wane dandamali don tsarawa da sarrafa albarkatun kwamfuta ake amfani da su a cibiyar bayanai.
Labari na biyar sabon abu ne. Bugu da ƙari, sanannun maɓalli na kayan aiki, ya haɗa da CloudEngine 1800V (CE1800V) da aka rarraba, wanda za'a iya sarrafa shi kawai tare da KVM (Kernel-based Virtual Machine). Wannan gine-ginen ya ƙunshi haɗa Agile Controller-DCN tare da dandamalin kwantena Kubernetes ta amfani da plugin CNI. Don haka, Huawei, tare da duk duniya, yana motsawa daga rundunonin gani da ido zuwa tsarin aiki.
Karin bayani game da kwantena
A baya mun ambaci canjin kama-da-wane na CE1800V da aka tura ta amfani da Agile Controller-DCN. A hade tare da Huawei hardware switches, sun samar da wani nau'i na "hybrid overlay". Nan gaba kadan, rubutun kwantena daga Huawei za su sami tallafi don NAT da ayyukan daidaita kaya.
Ƙayyadadden gine-ginen shine cewa ba za a iya amfani da CE1800V dabam daga Agile Controller-DCN ba. Hakanan ya kamata a la'akari da cewa PoD ɗaya na dandalin Kubernetes ba zai iya ƙunsar fiye da kwantena miliyan 4 ba.
Haɗin kai zuwa cibiyar sadarwar VXLAN na cibiyar bayanai yana faruwa ta hanyar VLAN (Virtual Local Area Network), amma akwai zaɓi wanda CE1800V ke aiki azaman VTEP tare da tsarin BGP (Border Gateway Protocol). Wannan yana ba da damar musayar hanyoyin BGP tare da kashin baya ba tare da buƙatar musanya kayan aiki daban ba.
Cibiyoyin Sadarwar Niyya-Karfafa: cibiyoyin sadarwar da ke nazarin niyya
Huawei Intent-Driven Network (IDN) ra'ayi dawo cikin 2018. Tun daga wannan lokacin, kamfanin ya ci gaba da yin aiki a kan cibiyoyin sadarwar da ke amfani da fasahar ƙididdiga ta girgije, manyan bayanai da basirar wucin gadi don nazarin manufofin da manufar masu amfani.
Ainihin, muna magana ne game da motsi daga aiki da kai zuwa cin gashin kai. Ana mayar da manufar mai amfani da aka bayyana ta hanyar shawarwari daga samfuran cibiyar sadarwa kan yadda ake aiwatar da wannan niyya. A tsakiyar wannan aikin shine ikon Agile Controller-DCN wanda za a ƙara zuwa samfurin don tabbatar da aiwatar da akidar IDN.
A nan gaba, tare da gabatarwar IDN, zai yiwu a aika da sabis na cibiyar sadarwa a cikin dannawa ɗaya, wanda ke nuna mafi girman digiri na atomatik. Tsarin gine-ginen na yau da kullun na ayyukan cibiyar sadarwa da ikon haɗa waɗannan ayyukan zai ba da damar mai gudanarwa kawai ya ayyana waɗanne sabis ɗin da ake buƙatar samar da su akan wani yanki na cibiyar sadarwa.
Don cimma wannan matakin na sarrafawa, tsarin ZTP (Zero Touch Provisioning) yana da mahimmanci. Huawei ya samu gagarumar nasara a cikin wannan, godiya ga abin da ya ba da damar yin amfani da hanyar sadarwar gaba daya daga cikin akwatin.
Ƙarin tsarin shigarwa da ƙaddamarwa dole ya haɗa da hanya don duba haɗin kai tsakanin albarkatun (haɗin hanyar sadarwa) da kuma kimanta canje-canje a aikin cibiyar sadarwa dangane da yanayin aiki. Wannan matakin ya ƙunshi yin kwaikwayo kafin fara aiki na ainihi.
Mataki na gaba shine daidaita ayyuka don dacewa da bukatun abokin ciniki (samar da sabis) da kuma tabbatar da su, wanda aka gina ta kayan aikin Huawei. Sannan abin da ya rage shi ne duba sakamakon.
Yanzu yana yiwuwa a bi ta hanyar da aka kwatanta ta hanyar amfani da tsari guda ɗaya wanda ya dogara da tsarin iMaster NCE wanda ya ƙunshi Agile Controller-DCN da eSight Network element management system (EMS).
A halin yanzu, Agile Controller-DCN na iya duba wadatar albarkatu da kasancewar haɗin kai, da kuma a hankali (bayan amincewar mai gudanarwa) amsa matsalolin da ke cikin hanyar sadarwa. Ƙara ayyukan da ake buƙata yanzu ana yin su da hannu, amma a nan gaba Huawei yana da niyyar sarrafa wannan da sauran ayyuka, kamar ƙaddamar da sabar, tsarin hanyar sadarwa don tsarin ajiya, da sauransu.
Sarƙoƙin sabis da ƙananan yanki
Agile Controller-DCN yana da ikon sarrafa kanun sabis (Masu Kan Sabis na Net, ko NSH) wanda ke ƙunshe a cikin fakitin VXLAN. Wannan yana da amfani don ƙirƙirar sarƙoƙi na sabis. Misali, kuna da niyyar aika wani nau'in fakitoci tare da hanyar da ta bambanta da wacce ƙa'idar da ta dace ta bayar. Kafin su bar cibiyar sadarwa, dole ne su bi ta wasu nau'ikan na'ura (firewall, da sauransu). Don yin wannan, ya isa ya saita sarkar sabis wanda ke ɗauke da ƙa'idodin da suka dace. Godiya ga irin wannan tsarin, yana yiwuwa, alal misali, don tsara manufofin tsaro, amma sauran wuraren aikace-aikacen sa kuma suna yiwuwa.
Jadawalin yana nuna a fili aikin sarƙoƙin sabis masu jituwa na RFC dangane da NSH, kuma yana ba da jerin maɓallan kayan aikin da ke goyan bayan su.
Ƙarfin sarƙoƙin sabis na Huawei yana cike da ƙaramin yanki, wata dabarar tsaro ta hanyar sadarwa wacce ke keɓance sassan tsaro har zuwa abubuwan da ke ɗaukar nauyin aiki ɗaya. Gujewa buƙatar daidaita ɗimbin adadin ACLs da hannu yana taimakawa a kusa da ƙwanƙarar Ƙarƙashin Ƙarfafawa (ACL).
Aiki na hankali
Ci gaba zuwa batun aikin cibiyar sadarwa, mutum ba zai iya kasa ambaton wani ɓangaren alamar laima na iMaster NCE ba - FabricInsight na nazarin cibiyar sadarwa mai hankali. Yana ba da dama mai yawa don tattara telemetry da bayanai game da kwararar bayanai akan hanyar sadarwa. Ana tattara telemetry ta amfani da gRPC kuma yana tara bayanai akan fakitin da aka watsa, buffered da batattu. Ana tattara babban adadin bayanai na biyu ta amfani da ERSPAN (Encapsulated Remote Switch Port Analyzer) kuma yana ba da ra'ayi na gudanawar bayanai a cikin cibiyar bayanai. Mahimmanci, muna magana ne game da tattara shugabannin TCP da adadin bayanan da aka watsa yayin kowane zaman TCP. Ana iya yin wannan ta amfani da na'urorin Huawei daban-daban - an gabatar da jerin su a cikin zane.
SNMP da NetStream su ma ba a manta da su ba, don haka Huawei yana amfani da tsofaffi da sababbin hanyoyin don motsawa daga hanyar sadarwa azaman “akwatin baƙar fata” zuwa hanyar sadarwar da muka san ainihin komai game da shi.
AI Fabric: Rasa Smart Grid
Abubuwan da AI Fabric ke goyan bayan kayan aikin mu an tsara su don canza Ethernet zuwa babban aiki, ƙarancin latency, cibiyar sadarwa mara fakiti. Wannan yana da mahimmanci don aiwatar da ainihin yanayin tura aikace-aikacen a cikin cibiyar sadarwar bayanai.
A cikin zanen da ke sama mun ga matsalolin cewa akwai haɗarin haɗuwa yayin aiki da hanyar sadarwa:
- asarar fakiti;
- buffer ambaliya;
- matsalar mafi kyawun lodin hanyar sadarwa yayin amfani da layi ɗaya.
Kayan aikin Huawei na aiwatar da hanyoyin magance duk waɗannan matsalolin. Misali, a matakin guntu, an bullo da fasahar shiga layi ta kama-da-wane, wanda a lokaci guda baya bada izinin toshe shigarwar (HOL blocking).
A matakin yarjejeniya, akwai tsarin ECN mai Dynamic - yana canza girman buffer, da sauri CNP - aika fakitin saƙo da sauri game da matsala a cikin hanyar sadarwa zuwa tushen.
Daidaita haƙƙin kwarara и Taimako don Fasahar Fakitin Fakiti (DPP) yana taimakawa, wanda ya ƙunshi sanya gajerun bayanai daga magudanan ruwa daban-daban zuwa wani babban layi na daban. Don haka, gajerun fakiti suna rayuwa mafi kyau a cikin mahalli na dogon lokaci mai nauyi.
Bari mu fayyace cewa don hanyoyin da ke sama su yi aiki yadda ya kamata, dole ne a tallafa musu kai tsaye ta kayan aiki.
Ana amfani da duk waɗannan ayyuka a ɗaya daga cikin yanayi guda uku don amfani da kayan aikin Huawei:
- lokacin gina tsarin basirar wucin gadi bisa ga aikace-aikacen da aka rarraba;
- lokacin ƙirƙirar tsarin adana bayanai da aka rarraba;
- lokacin ƙirƙirar tsarin don ƙididdigar aiki mai girma (HPC).
Ra'ayoyin da ke kunshe a cikin kayan aiki
Bayan tattauna al'amuran al'ada don amfani da mafita na Huawei da jera manyan iyawar su, bari mu matsa kai tsaye zuwa kayan aiki.
CloudEngine 16800 dandamali ne wanda ke ba da aiki sama da 400 Gbit/s musaya. Siffar fasalinsa ita ce kasancewar, tare da CPU, na guntu na isar da saƙon kansa da na'urar sarrafa bayanan sirri, wanda ya zama dole don aiwatar da damar AI Fabric.
An yi dandalin bisa ga tsarin gine-gine na al'ada tare da tsarin gaba da baya na iska kuma ya zo tare da ɗayan nau'ikan chassis uku - 4 (10U), 8 (16U) ko 16 (32U).
CloudEngine 16800 na iya amfani da katunan layi da yawa. Daga cikinsu akwai duka na gargajiya 10-gigabit da 40-, da kuma 100-gigabit, ciki har da gaba daya sababbi. Katunan da ke da mu'amalar 25 da 400 Gbit/s an shirya don fitarwa.
Dangane da masu sauya ToR (Top of rack), ana nuna samfuran su na yanzu a cikin jerin lokutan da ke sama. Mafi girman sha'awa shine sabbin nau'ikan 25-Gigabit, 100-Gigabit masu sauyawa tare da 400-Gigabit uplinks, da manyan maɓallan 100-Gigabit masu girma tare da tashoshin jiragen ruwa 96.
Babban canjin daidaitawa na Huawei a halin yanzu shine CloudEngine 8850. Ya kamata a maye gurbinsa da ƙirar 8851 tare da musaya na 32 100 Gbit/s da musaya na 400 Gbit/s guda takwas, da kuma ikon raba su zuwa 50, 100 ko 200 Gbit/s .
Wani canji tare da ƙayyadaddun tsari, CloudEngine 6865, har yanzu yana cikin layin samfuran Huawei na yanzu. Wannan ingantaccen dokin aiki ne tare da samun damar 10/25 Gbps da haɗin kai 100 Gbps takwas. Bari mu ƙara cewa yana goyan bayan AI Fabric.
Hoton yana nuna halaye na duk sabbin nau'ikan canzawa, bayyanar da muke tsammanin a cikin watanni masu zuwa, ko ma makonni. Wasu jinkirin sakin su ya faru ne saboda yanayin da ke kewaye da coronavirus. Har ila yau, batutuwan matsin lamba kan Huawei suna ci gaba da kasancewa masu dacewa, duk da haka, duk waɗannan abubuwan da suka faru za su iya shafar lokacin farkon.
Ana iya samun ƙarin bayani game da mafita na Huawei da zaɓuɓɓukan aikace-aikacen su ta hanyar biyan kuɗi zuwa rukunin yanar gizon mu ko tuntuɓar wakilan kamfani kai tsaye.
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Muna tunatar da ku cewa ƙwararrunmu suna gudanar da ayyukan yanar gizo akai-akai akan samfuran Huawei da fasahar da suke amfani da su. Akwai jerin shafukan yanar gizo na makonni masu zuwa a .
source: www.habr.com