Gina tsarin sa ido na bidiyo yana da sauƙi a kallon farko
aiki.
Aiwatar da shi yana buƙatar warware batutuwa masu faɗi da yawa. Bayan haka
tsara tashoshi na watsa bayanai, tattarawa, adanawa da kuma dawo da mahimman bayanai
wajibi ne don samar da wutar lantarki ga kyamarori na bidiyo, da sarrafawa da bincike.
Amfanin mafita na kyamarar IP
Akwai hanyoyin fasaha da yawa: daga analog na gargajiya
kyamarori na bidiyo zuwa ƙananan kyamarori na gidan yanar gizo na USB da ƙananan masu rikodin bidiyo.
Amfani da kyamarar IP don
karbar hoto.
Kamara na irin wannan suna watsa hotuna a cikin lambobi ta hanyar hanyar sadarwar IP. Wannan
yana ba da fa'idodi da yawa: an karɓi hoton daga kyamara nan da nan ta hanyar dijital,
wato, baya buƙatar masu canzawa na musamman, bayanan da aka tattara sun fi sauƙi
tsari, tsara tsari, samar da binciken adana kayan tarihi, da sauransu.
Idan yana yiwuwa a gudanar da kebul na cibiyar sadarwa, da nisa tsakanin sauyawa da
kyamarori ba su wuce ƙimar halaltacce ba, sannan yawanci suna amfani da hanyar sadarwa ta Ethernet akan
karkatattun tushe guda biyu da kyamarori masu aiki ta hanyar haɗin kebul. Wannan shawarar
yana tabbatar da daidaiton sadarwa kuma a zahiri yana zaman kansa daga abubuwan ɓangare na uku,
kamar zaɓin kewayon mita, kasancewar tsangwama a kan iska da sauran nuances.
Yin amfani da haɗin waya kuma yana ba ku damar amfani da iri ɗaya
na USB (karkatattun nau'i-nau'i) kuma don ƙarfafa kyamarori na bidiyo - Power Over Ethernet, PoE.
Примечание. Ana amfani da sauran nau'ikan haɗin yanar gizo ƙasa da yawa,
misali, ta hanyar Wi-Fi ko GSM. Duk da fa'idar sadarwar mara waya,
Dole ne a warware batun samar da wutar lantarki don irin waɗannan kyamarori don kowane hali daban.
Misali, wutar lantarki daga cibiyar sadarwa mai haske, daga batirin hasken rana, da sauransu. IN
gabaɗaya, wannan ba daidai ba ne jagorar da za a iya ba da shawarar azaman
mafita mai sauƙi da duniya don yawancin ayyuka.
Siffofin tsarin sa ido na bidiyo idan aka kwatanta da sauran tsarin IP da aka rarraba
A cikin yanayin sa ido na bidiyo, ba shi yiwuwa a watsa kwarewar ginin wasu kai tsaye
hanyoyin sadarwa. Bari mu ɗauki, don kwatanta, sadarwar murya dangane da wayar IP. Duk da
wurare daban-daban na aikace-aikacen, duka a can da can suna amfani da hanyar sadarwar IP, a cikin duka
A wasu lokuta, ana iya amfani da ikon PoE.
Amma idan muka yi la'akari da siffofin aiki, tare da irin wannan tsarin gaba ɗaya
Wasu abubuwa an warware su daban. Ga 'yan fasali:
-
Ana buƙatar kulawa da kyamarar IP koyaushe. Mutane, dabbobi ko kayan aiki
Abubuwan da ke ƙarƙashin sa ido na bidiyo ba za su iya tuntuɓar kansu ba
tuntuɓi goyan bayan fasaha don ba da rahoton kyamarar baya aiki.Amma kusa da wayar IP na kamfani yawanci akwai mai amfani da shi
kwamfuta. Idan yana da matsala ta hanyar sadarwar tarho, zai iya ba da rahoto
A wannan yanayin, ta hanyar ƙirƙirar ɗawainiya a cikin tsarin aikace-aikacen, aika buƙatu ta wasiƙa, ta hanyar kira
wayar hannu ta sirri (idan manufofin kamfanoni sun ba da izini) da sauransu. -
Kyamarorin IP yawanci suna cikin wurare masu wuyar isa: ƙarƙashin rufi, kunne
ginshiƙi da makamantansu. Wani abu da sauri "ɗauka kuma yi" na iya zama sosai
matsala. Idan an ɓoye haɗin da aka karkace a bango don haka
duba yanayin kebul - da farko kuna buƙatar ko ta yaya ƙoƙarin fitar da shi.
Ayyukan maye gurbin kamara kuma yana da ɗan rikitarwa fiye da kawai
cire haɗin kuma ɗauki wayar da ba ta aiki daga tebur kuma a ba mai amfani
maimakon haka akwai na'urar aiki.
Bayani mai mahimmanci. Ana yawan samun kyamarori na IP a nesa mai nisa daga
switchboard, alal misali, sa ido na bidiyo a cikin lambunan jama'a, wuraren shakatawa, da sauransu. Idan
Ana amfani da PoE, yana da mahimmanci don kula da isasshen babban matakin
iko, wanda ke raguwa tare da karuwar nisa daga tushe.
Abubuwan da ake buƙata don kwanciyar hankali na duk tsarin sa ido na bidiyo suna da girma sosai. Daga
inganci da cikar hoton na iya dogara da yawa: akan raguwa
lokacin jira don ba da izinin wucewa har sai an gano mai laifi a cikin tsarin
gane fuska. Sabili da haka, aikin kwanciyar hankali yana da matukar muhimmanci. Bi da bi,
sauyawa, a matsayin hanyar haɗin gwiwa, yana da girma
bukatun. Saboda gazawar PoE akai-akai, sa ido na bidiyo ba zai yi aiki ba
m (idan yana aiki da komai). Sabili da haka, siyan canjin PoE shine
tabbas ba haka lamarin yake ba lokacin da yakamata kuyi ƙoƙarin adana kuɗi kuma ku ɗauki farkon wanda kuka samu
mafi arha zaɓi.
Irin wannan tambayoyi suna tasowa ba kawai lokacin amfani da kyamarori na IP ba, har ma da wasu
mafita don kula da bidiyo. Tabbas, duk waɗannan matsalolin ana iya magance su, in ba haka ba
Kyamarar IP, da tsarin sa ido na bidiyo gabaɗaya, zai yi wahala a yi amfani da su
yi. Amma shin yana yiwuwa ko ta yaya a sauƙaƙe rayuwar ku kuma kada ku kashe ƙarin
albarkatun: lokaci, kuɗi, ƙoƙarin ɗan adam don ayyuka masu sauƙi?
Maɓalli na musamman don haɗa kyamarar IP
Taƙaice duk abubuwan da ke sama, zamu iya cewa yin aiki tare da tsarin bisa
Kyamarar IP sun fi sauƙi idan kuna amfani da kayan aiki na musamman da aka tsara don
aiki da su. Kuma tunda an haɗa kyamarori na IP zuwa maɓalli, a ƙasa shine jawabin
Bari muyi magana game da na'urori na musamman na irin wannan.
Don irin wannan canji, ayyuka masu zuwa suna fitowa:
- tabbatar da ingantaccen sadarwa;
- PoE wutar lantarki;
- saka idanu da kula da kyamarori na IP;
- kariya daga hawan wutar lantarki da fitarwar lantarki.
Ɗaya daga cikin mahimman abubuwan shine halatta tsawon kebul ɗin tare da shi
Na'urar tana da ƙarfi. Yanayi na biyu yana da matuƙar amfani
yiwuwar gudanarwa, misali, ta amfani da ka'idar LLDP. Musamman
Ayyukan sake kunna kyamarar IP daga nesa yana karɓar iko yana da amfani
ta hanyar PoE.
Примечание. Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP) yarjejeniya ce ta hanyar haɗin bayanai
Layer, wanda ke bayyana daidaitaccen hanya don na'urori akan hanyar sadarwar Ethernet zuwa
a cikin yanayinmu - don masu sauyawa da kyamarori na IP. Godiya ga amfani da na'urorin LLDP
na iya rarraba bayanai game da kansu zuwa wasu nodes akan hanyar sadarwar kuma suyi ajiya
data samu.
Kwanan nan, Zyxel ya gabatar da sabbin na'urorin PoE tare da
zane na musamman da software.
Don ƙarin fahimtar ma'anar sababbin abubuwa masu amfani, za mu yi la'akari da layi
GS1300 masu sauyawa marasa sarrafa, da layin sabbin samfura na GS1350 da aka sarrafa
Mahimman Abubuwan Mahimmanci na Range.
Duk masu sauyawa daga waɗannan layin an tsara su musamman don tsarin
video kula. Gabaɗaya, samfuran zamani 7 suna samuwa ga masu amfani
switches, wanda 3 ba a sarrafa su kuma 4 ana sarrafa su
Zyxel G1300 Jerin Sauyawa mara sarrafa
A cikin wannan layin, ana iya lura da ayyukan hardware masu zuwa waɗanda suke da amfani:
musamman don tsarin sa ido na bidiyo:
- babban kasafin kudin PoE - yana ba ku damar kula da ikon da ake buƙata ko da a
nisa mai yawa; - matsakaicin PoE LED;
- haɗa kyamarori a nesa har zuwa 250 m;
- Tsawaita zafin jiki daga -20 zuwa +50 ℃ (musamman wannan na iya zama
mai amfani lokacin aiki a cikin filin, misali lokacin sauyawa
wanda yake a wani wuri na wucin gadi).
Ƙimar Kariyar ESD/Surge:
- ESD - 8 kV / 6 kV (Air / Lamba);
- Surge - 4 kV (Ethernet Port).
Примечание. ESD - kariya daga electrostatic ƙarfin lantarki, Surge -
overvoltage kariya. Idan fitarwa a tsaye ta bayyana a cikin iska har zuwa 8
kilovolt, ko 6 kV electrostatics a kusanci, ko hawan wucin gadi
ƙarfin lantarki har zuwa 4 kilovolts - mai canzawa yana da kyakkyawar damar tsira irin wannan
matsaloli.
Hoto 1. Nuni don saka idanu na PoE.
Bayani mai mahimmanci. Yin amfani da maɓallan DIP, zaku iya saita tashoshin jiragen ruwa don
wanda zai sami ƙarin kewayon - har zuwa 250m. Sauran tashoshin jiragen ruwa za su yi aiki a ciki
yanayin al'ada.
Zyxel ya shirya samfura da yawa na sauyawa tare da lambobi daban-daban
tashoshin jiragen ruwa daga 8 zuwa 24. Wannan tsarin yana ba ku damar daidaitawa da buƙatun ku
masu amfani.
Ana nuna bambance-bambance a cikin halayen samfuran sarrafawa a cikin Tebur 1.
Table 1. Samfuran da ba a sarrafa ba na Zyxel GS1300 jerin masu sauyawa
-
Adadin tashoshin jiragen ruwa na PoE
Tashoshi masu tasowa
PoE Power Budget
Ƙarfin wutar lantarki
Saukewa: GS1300-10HP
Bayani na 8
1 SFP, 1GE
130 W
Ciki
Saukewa: GS1300-18HP
Bayani na 16
1 SFP, 1GE
170 W
Ciki
Saukewa: GS1300-26HP
Bayani na 24
Saukewa: 2SFP
250 W
Ciki
Zyxel G1350 Series Manajan Sauyawa
Sauyawa a cikin wannan layin suna da ƙarin damar gudanarwa da
kula da aikin tsarin sa ido na bidiyo. Gina-in tsaro fasali da
tabbacin aiki yana da amfani a yanayi daban-daban.
Wasu fasalolin kayan masarufi masu ban sha'awa:
- ci-gaba kariya daga 4 kV surges da
fitarwa electrostatic 8 kV (GS1350 jerin); - LEDs don kula da PoE;
- Maɓalli mai kyau na ƙarshe (FW dawo);
- haɗa kyamarori a nesa har zuwa 250m tare da bandwidth na 10
Mbit/s, wanda yayi daidai da ma'auni; - Tsawaita kewayon zafin jiki (daga -20 zuwa +50 ℃).
Kariyar ESD/Surge suna mutunta kansu iri ɗaya da waɗanda ba a sarrafa su ba
samfura:
- ESD - 8 kV / 6 kV (Air / Lamba);
- Surge - 4 kV (Ethernet Port).
Hoto 2. PoE LED mashaya da Mayar da maɓallin.
Da yake magana game da sabon layin, mutum ba zai iya kasa lura da sabbin ayyukan software da aka gina ba,
misali:
- Gudanar da PoE na ci gaba don kula da bidiyo;
- IEEE 802.3bt goyon baya - 60W ta tashar jiragen ruwa (GS1350-6HP);
- L2 na asali, goyon bayan Yanar Gizo, sarrafa CLI.
Dangane da tallafin Nebula Flex, ana sa ran samfuran jerin GS1350
ku 2020.
Da yake magana game da layin kayan aiki na G1350, ya kamata a lura da bayyanar ƙaramin samfurin akan
4 tashar jiragen ruwa na PoE. Wannan "jaririn" yana da amfani musamman lokacin tsara tsarin
sa ido na bidiyo don ƙananan abubuwa da kamfanoni na SME.
Table 2. Samfuran sarrafawa na Zyxel GS1350 jerin masu sauyawa.
-
Adadin tashoshin jiragen ruwa na PoE
Tashoshi masu tasowa
PoE Power Budget
Ƙarfin wutar lantarki
Saukewa: GS1350-6HP
4GE
1SFP, 1GE (802.3bt)
60W
Na waje
Saukewa: GS1350-12HP
8GE
2 SFP, 2GE
130W
Ciki
Saukewa: GS1350-18HP
16GE
2 Haduwa
250W
Ciki
Saukewa: GS1350-26HP
24GE
2 Combo
375W
Ciki
Babban Sarrafa don Kula da Bidiyo
Domin cimma mafi cikakken, ci gaba da saka idanu, kazalika ga
sauƙin amfani, Zyxel ya ƙara sabbin abubuwa masu amfani:
- bayani game da kyamarori na IP akan shafin "Maƙwabta";
- duba yanayin kyamara;
- wutar lantarki mara katsewa ga kamara (lokacin sabuntawa ko sake kunna maɓalli);
- m sake yi na IP kyamarori;
- granular PoE zažužžukan don tallafa wa IP kyamarori marasa jituwa
Matsayin PoE; - kunna PoE akan jadawalin;
- abubuwan fifiko ga tashoshin jiragen ruwa na PoE.
A ƙasa za mu mai da hankali kan manyan ayyuka guda uku waɗanda suka bayyana a cikin sababbi
samfura.
Shafin yanar gizo na maƙwabta - "Maƙwabta"
A wannan shafin zaku iya ganin matsayin kamara, IP ɗin da ake amfani da shi
hulɗa (idan an haɗa kyamara kuma tana aiki), da kuma "maɓallai"
don sake kunnawa da sake saitawa zuwa saitunan masana'anta.
Hoto 3. Guntun shafin yanar gizon Maƙwabta - "Maƙwabta".
Auto PD farfadowa da na'ura
Wannan fasalin yana gano kyamarar IP da aka daskare ta atomatik kuma ya sake yin ta.
Wannan alatu yanzu yana samuwa ga duk kyamarori daga duk masana'antun. Wato
ya sayi maɓalli na Zyxel kuma kuna iya aiki tare da kyamarori da kuke da su ko waɗanda
wanda Ma'aikatar Tsaro ke buƙatar shigar.
Yana yiwuwa a tantance matsayin kamara ta hanyar ka'idar LLDP, haka kuma ta hanyar
aika fakitin ICMP, a wasu kalmomi, ta hanyar Ping na yau da kullun.
Yana yiwuwa a hana kyamarar da ba ta dace ba ta sake yin ta akai-akai
wanda aka samar da wutar lantarki ta hanyar PoE.
Hoto 4. Juzu'in shafin mu'amalar maƙwabta - "Maƙwabta".
PoE mai ci gaba
Wannan fasalin yana tabbatar da ci gaba da samar da wutar lantarki ga kyamarori da sauran na'urori masu auna firikwensin
a lokacin canza canji.
Baya ga aiki na yau da kullun, akwai lokutan da ya zama dole
wasu ayyuka tare da sauyawa, misali:
- yi wani firmware update.
- loda sabon fayil ɗin sanyi, ko, akasin haka, mayar da na yanzu
saituna zuwa waɗanda suka gabata daga kwafin madadin; - yi sake saiti zuwa saitunan masana'anta.
Har ila yau,, wani lokacin akwai buƙatar bugu da ƙari sake yin maɓalli,
misali, don duba cewa an yi saitunan daidai.
Tabbas, samar da wutar lantarki ga kyamarori bai kamata a rasa duk wannan lokacin ba.
Me yasa wannan bukata ta taso? Zai ze cewa idan canza
sake yi, me yasa muke buƙatar ci gaba da wutar lantarki don kyamarori?
Gaskiyar ita ce sake kunna kyamarori da kansu da shigar da yanayin aiki yana ɗauka
na ɗan lokaci. Bugu da ƙari, software na sa ido na bidiyo ya kamata
sami lokaci don "kama" sabbin kyamarorin da aka ɗora. A aikace don wannan kuma
yana ɗaukar ɗan lokaci. A sakamakon haka, daga lokacin da aka mayar da maɓalli.
kuma har sai an dawo da rikodin bayanan gaba ɗaya ta hanyar tsarin sa ido, matsaloli na iya tasowa.
dakatarwar da ba za a yarda da ita ba daga ra'ayi na ƙa'idodin aminci.
Abin da ya sa ya zama dole a rage duk wani yiwuwar raguwar lokaci, ciki har da
ciki har da saboda kulawa na yau da kullum.
ƙarshe
Layin G1300 na maɓalli marasa sarrafa ya riga ya haɗa da da yawa sosai
ayyuka masu amfani. Koyaya, ƙarfin G1350 ya fi girma duka ta fuskar sarrafawa
cibiyar sadarwa (gudanar vs unmanaged canji), da kuma tabbatar
takamaiman buƙatun sa ido na bidiyo.
Musamman mai daɗi shine ikon sarrafa kyamarori daga wasu masana'antun, haka ma
daidaitaccen tsari yayin tabbatar da ci gaba da tsarin sa ido.
Muna amsa tambayoyi da goyan bayan masu gudanar da tsarin a cikin namu . Barka da zuwa!
Sources
Af, kwanan nan Zyxel ya cika shekaru 30!
Don girmama wannan taron, mun ba da sanarwar gabatarwa mai karimci:
source: www.habr.com