Idan an daidaita shi da kyau, zaku iya taya daga NVME SSD koda akan tsofaffin tsarin. Ana ɗauka cewa tsarin aiki (OS) yana iya aiki tare da NVME SSD. Ina la'akari da booting OS, saboda tare da direbobi da ke cikin OS, NVME SSD yana iya gani a cikin OS bayan booting kuma ana iya amfani dashi. Ba a buƙatar ƙarin software (software) don Linux. Ga OS na dangin BSD da sauran Unixes, hanyar ta fi dacewa kuma ta dace.
Don taya daga kowace faifai, bootloader (BOP), BIOS ko EFI (UEFI) dole ne ya ƙunshi direbobin wannan na'urar. Motocin NVME SSD sabbin na'urori ne idan aka kwatanta da BIOS, kuma babu irin waɗannan direbobi a cikin firmware firmware na tsofaffin uwayen uwa. A cikin EFI ba tare da tallafin NVME SSD ba, zaku iya ƙara lambar da ta dace, sannan kuma yana yiwuwa a yi aiki da wannan na'urar gabaɗaya - zaku iya shigar da tsarin aiki kuma kunna shi. Don tsofaffin tsarin tare da abin da ake kira. "Legacy BIOS" booting OS ba shi yiwuwa ya yi wannan. Koyaya, ana iya ƙetare wannan.
Yadda za a yi
Na yi amfani da OpenSUSE Leap 15.1. Ga sauran Linux, matakan za su kasance kusan iri ɗaya.
1. Bari mu shirya kwamfuta don shigar da tsarin aiki.
Kuna buƙatar PC ko uwar garken tare da PCI-E 4x kyauta ko mafi tsayi, ko da wane nau'i, PCI-E 1.0 ya isa. Tabbas, sabon sigar PCI-E, saurin saurin zai kasance. To, a zahiri, NVME SSD tare da adaftar M.2 - PCI-E 4x.
Hakanan kuna buƙatar wani nau'in tuƙi mai ƙarfin 300 MB ko fiye, wanda ake iya gani daga BIOS kuma daga ciki zaku iya loda OS. Yana iya zama HDD mai haɗin IDE, SATA, SCSI. S.A.S. Ko USB flash drive ko katin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya. Ba zai dace da faifan floppy ba. CD-ROM ba zai yi aiki ba kuma yana buƙatar sake rubutawa. DVD-RAM - babu ra'ayi. Za mu kira wannan abu a cikin sharadi "drive BIOS na gado".
2. Muna ɗora Linux don shigarwa (daga diski na gani ko filasha mai bootable, da sauransu).
3. Lokacin rarraba diski, rarraba OS tsakanin abubuwan da ke akwai:
3.1. Bari mu ƙirƙiri bangare don bootloader na GRUB a farkon “legacy drive BIOS” tare da girman 8 MB. Na lura cewa a nan ana amfani da fasalin openSUSE - GRUB akan wani bangare daban. Don openSUSE, tsohuwar tsarin fayil (FS) shine BTRFS. Idan kun sanya GRUB akan bangare tare da tsarin fayil na BTRFS, to tsarin ba zai yi booting ba. Don haka, ana amfani da sashe daban. Kuna iya sanya GRUB a wani wuri, in dai ya yi takalma.
3.2. Bayan bangare tare da GRUB, za mu ƙirƙiri bangare tare da ɓangaren babban fayil ɗin tsarin (“tushen”), wato tare da “/boot/”, 300 MB a girman.
3.3. Sauran abubuwan alheri - sauran babban fayil ɗin tsarin, ɓangaren musanyawa, ɓangaren mai amfani "/ gida /" (idan kun yanke shawarar ƙirƙirar ɗaya) ana iya sanya shi akan NVME SSD.
Bayan shigarwa, tsarin yana ɗaukar nauyin GRUB, wanda ke ɗaukar fayiloli daga /boot/, bayan haka NVME SSD ya zama samuwa, sannan tsarin takalma daga NVME SSD.
A aikace, na sami gagarumin saurin gudu.
Abubuwan da ake buƙata don "drive na gado BIOS": 8 MB don ɓangaren GRUB shine tsoho, kuma ko'ina daga 200 MB don /boot/. 300 MB na ɗauka tare da margin. Lokacin sabunta kwaya (kuma lokacin shigar da sababbi), Linux zai sake cika /boot/ bangare tare da sabbin fayiloli.
Ƙididdiga sauri da farashi
Farashin NVME SSD 128 GB - daga kusan 2000 rubles.
Kudin adaftar M.2 - PCI-E 4x - daga kusan 500 rubles.
M.2 zuwa masu adaftar PCI-E 16x na injinan NVME SSD guda hudu suma suna kan siyarwa, ana siyarsu a wani wuri daga 3000 r. - idan wani yana bukata.
Iyakance saurin gudu:
PCI-E 3.0 4x game da 3900 MB/s
PCI-E 2.0 4x 2000 MB/s
PCI-E 1.0 4x 1000 MB/s
Tuba tare da PCI-E 3.0 4x a aikace suna kaiwa kusan 3500 MB / s.
Ana iya ɗauka cewa saurin da ake iya samu zai kasance kamar haka:
PCI-E 3.0 4x game da 3500 MB/s
PCI-E 2.0 4x game da 1800 MB/s
PCI-E 1.0 4x game da 900 MB/s
Wanne ya fi SATA sauri 600MB/s. Gudun da ake iya samu don SATA 600 MB/s shine kusan 550 MB/s.
A lokaci guda, akan tsofaffin uwayen uwa, saurin SATA na mai kula da kan jirgin bazai zama 600 MB / s ba, amma 300 MB / s ko 150 MB / s. Anan mai sarrafa kan jirgin = Mai sarrafa SATA wanda aka gina a cikin gadar kudu ta chipset.
Na lura cewa NCQ za ta yi aiki don NVME SSDs, yayin da tsofaffin masu kula da kan jirgi na iya samun wannan.
Na yi lissafin PCI-E 4x, duk da haka, wasu faifai suna da bas ɗin PCI-E 2x. Wannan ya isa ga PCI-E 3.0, amma don tsofaffin ƙa'idodin PCI-E - 2.0 da 1.0 - yana da kyau kar a ɗauki irin waɗannan NVME SSDs. Har ila yau, tuƙi tare da buffer a cikin nau'i na guntu ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya zai yi sauri fiye da ba tare da shi ba.
Ga wadanda suke so su watsar da mai kula da SATA na kan jirgin gaba daya, ina ba ku shawara ku yi amfani da mai sarrafa Asmedia ASM 106x (1061, da sauransu), wanda ke ba da tashoshin SATA 600 guda biyu (na ciki ko na waje). Yana aiki sosai (bayan sabunta firmware), a yanayin AHCI yana goyan bayan NCQ. An haɗa ta hanyar bas ɗin PCI-E 2.0 1x.
Babban gudun sa:
PCI-E 2.0 1x 500 MB/s
PCI-E 1.0 1x 250 MB/s
Gudun da ake iya cimmawa zai kasance:
PCI-E 2.0 1x 460 MB/s
PCI-E 1.0 1x 280 MB/s
Wannan ya isa ga SATA SSD guda ɗaya ko rumbun kwamfyuta guda biyu.
An lura da kasawa
1. Ba karatu tare da NVME SSD, akwai kawai cikakken bayani game da masana'anta, lambar serial, da sauransu. Watakila saboda tsohowar motherboard (mp). Don gwaje-gwaje na na rashin ɗan adam, na yi amfani da mafi tsufa mp da zan iya samu, tare da nForce4 chipset.
2. TRIM yakamata yayi aiki, amma yana buƙatar dubawa.
ƙarshe
Akwai wasu zaɓuɓɓuka: siyan mai sarrafa SAS tare da ramin PCI-E 4x ko 8x (akwai 16x ko 32x?). Koyaya, idan suna da arha, suna tallafawa SAS 600, amma SATA 300, kuma masu tsada za su fi tsada da hankali fiye da hanyar da aka gabatar a sama.
Don amfani da M $ Windows, zaku iya shigar da ƙarin software - bootloader tare da ginanniyar direbobi don NVME SSD.
Duba nan:
Ina gayyatar mai karatu don kimanta kansa ko yana buƙatar irin wannan aikace-aikacen NVME SSD, ko kuma zai fi kyau siyan sabon motherboard (+ processor + memory) tare da haɗin M.2 PCI-E mai gudana da tallafi don booting daga NVME SSD a cikin EFI.
source: www.habr.com