Labarin aikin daya ko yadda na yi amfani da shekaru 7 ƙirƙirar PBX bisa Alaji da Php

Tabbas yawancinku, kamar ni, kuna da ra'ayin yin wani abu na musamman. A cikin wannan labarin zan bayyana matsalolin fasaha da mafita waɗanda dole ne in fuskanta lokacin haɓaka PBX. Wataƙila hakan zai taimaka wa wani ya tsai da shawarar kansa, da kuma wani ya bi hanyar da aka bi da kyau, domin ni ma na amfana daga ƙwarewar majagaba.

Ra'ayi da mahimman buƙatun

Kuma duk ya fara ne kawai da ƙauna don alama (tsarin gina aikace-aikacen sadarwa), sarrafa kansa ta wayar tarho da shigarwa freepbx (web interface don alama). Idan bukatun kamfanin ba tare da takamaiman bayani ba kuma sun faɗi cikin iyawa freepbx - komai yana da kyau. Dukkanin shigarwar ya faru a cikin sa'o'i XNUMX, kamfanin ya sami PBX da aka tsara, ƙirar mai amfani da ɗan gajeren horo tare da tallafi idan an so.

Amma ayyuka mafi ban sha'awa sun kasance marasa daidaituwa sannan kuma ba haka ba ne mai ban mamaki. alama na iya yin abubuwa da yawa, amma don kiyaye haɗin yanar gizon a cikin tsari mai aiki, ya zama dole a ciyar da lokaci da yawa. Don haka ƙaramin daki-daki zai iya ɗaukar lokaci mai tsawo fiye da shigar da sauran PBX. Kuma batu ba shine yana ɗaukar lokaci mai tsawo ba don rubuta hanyar sadarwa ta yanar gizo ba, amma ma'anar yana cikin fasalulluka na gine-gine freepbx. Hanyoyi da hanyoyin gine-gine freepbx An dage farawa a lokacin php4, kuma a wannan lokacin akwai riga php5.6 wanda za'a iya yin komai mafi sauƙi kuma mafi dacewa.

Bambaro na ƙarshe shine ƙirar bugun hoto a cikin sigar zane. Lokacin da na yi ƙoƙarin gina wani abu kamar wannan don freepbx, Na gane cewa dole ne in sake rubuta shi sosai kuma zai zama da sauƙi don gina sabon abu.

Abubuwan da ake bukata sune:

• saitin mai sauƙi, mai sauƙin fahimta ko da ga mai gudanarwa novice. Don haka, kamfanoni ba sa buƙatar kulawar PBX a gefenmu,
• Sauƙaƙe gyare-gyare ta yadda za a magance ayyuka a cikin isasshen lokaci,
• sauƙi na haɗin kai tare da PBX. U freepbx babu API don canza saituna, watau. Ba za ku iya, misali, ƙirƙirar ƙungiyoyi ko menu na murya daga aikace-aikacen ɓangare na uku ba, API ɗin kanta kawai alama,
• opensource - ga masu shirye-shirye wannan yana da mahimmanci ga gyare-gyare ga abokin ciniki.

Manufar ci gaba da sauri shine don samun duk ayyuka sun ƙunshi kayayyaki a cikin nau'i na abubuwa. Duk abubuwa dole ne su kasance suna da aji ɗaya na iyaye, wanda ke nufin sunayen duk manyan ayyuka an riga an san su kuma saboda haka an riga an riga an fara aiwatarwa. Abubuwan za su ba ka damar rage adadin muhawara da yawa a cikin nau'in tsararraki masu alaƙa tare da maɓallan kirtani, waɗanda za ku iya ganowa a ciki. freepbx Ya yiwu ta hanyar nazarin dukan aikin da ayyukan gida. Game da abubuwa, banal autocompletion zai nuna duk kaddarorin, kuma a gaba ɗaya zai sauƙaƙa rayuwa sau da yawa. Bugu da ƙari, gado da sake fasalin sun riga sun warware matsaloli da yawa tare da gyare-gyare.

Abu na gaba wanda ya rage lokacin sake yin aiki kuma ya cancanci a guje shi shine kwafi. Idan akwai tsarin da ke da alhakin buga ma'aikaci, to duk sauran nau'ikan da ke buƙatar aika kira ga ma'aikaci suyi amfani da shi, kuma kada su ƙirƙiri nasu kwafin. Don haka, idan kuna buƙatar canza wani abu, to dole ne ku canza kawai a wuri ɗaya kuma bincika "yadda yake aiki" ya kamata a gudanar da shi a wuri ɗaya, kuma ba a bincika duk aikin ba.

Sigar farko da kurakurai na farko

An shirya samfurin farko a cikin shekara guda. Dukan PBX, kamar yadda aka tsara, ya kasance na zamani, kuma samfuran ba za su iya ƙara sabbin ayyuka kawai don sarrafa kira ba, har ma su canza hanyar yanar gizo da kanta.

Eh, ra'ayin gina dialplan a cikin nau'i na irin wannan makirci ba nawa ba ne, amma ya dace sosai kuma na yi haka don alama.

Ta hanyar rubuta module, masu shirye-shirye zasu iya riga:

• ƙirƙiri naku aikin don sarrafa kira, wanda za'a iya sanya shi akan zane, da kuma cikin menu na abubuwan da ke gefen hagu,
• ƙirƙiri naku shafukan don mahaɗin yanar gizo kuma ƙara samfuran ku zuwa shafukan da ake da su (idan mai haɓaka shafin ya tanadar don wannan),
• ƙara saitunan ku zuwa babban shafin saitin ko ƙirƙirar shafin saitunan ku,
• mai tsara shirye-shirye na iya gado daga tsarin da ke akwai, canza sashin aikin kuma ya yi rajista a ƙarƙashin sabon suna ko maye gurbin ainihin tsarin.

Misali, wannan shine yadda zaku iya ƙirƙirar menu na muryar ku:

......
class CPBX_MYIVR extends CPBX_IVR
{
 function __construct()
 {
 parent::__construct();
 $this->_module = "myivr";
 }
}
.....
$myIvrModule = new CPBX_MYIVR();
CPBXEngine::getInstance()->registerModule($myIvrModule,__DIR__); //Зарегистрировать новый модуль
CPBXEngine::getInstance()->registerModuleExtension($myIvrModule,'ivr',__DIR__); //Подменить существующий модуль

Ayyukan farko masu rikitarwa sun kawo girman kai na farko da rashin jin daɗi na farko. Na yi farin ciki cewa ya yi aiki, cewa na riga na sami damar sake haifar da manyan siffofi freepbx. Na yi farin ciki cewa mutane suna son ra'ayin tsarin. Har yanzu akwai zaɓuɓɓuka da yawa don sauƙaƙe ci gaba, amma ko da a wancan lokacin an riga an sauƙaƙe wasu ayyuka.

API ɗin don canza tsarin PBX abin takaici ne - sakamakon ba shine abin da muke so ba. Na ɗauki ƙa'ida ɗaya kamar a ciki freepbx, ta danna maɓallin Aiwatar, ana sake ƙirƙira gabaɗayan tsarin kuma an sake kunna na'urorin.

Ga alama kamar haka:

*Dialplan ka'ida ce (algorithm) wanda ake sarrafa kira ta hanyarsa.

Amma tare da wannan zaɓi, ba shi yiwuwa a rubuta API na al'ada don canza saitunan PBX. Na farko, aikin aiwatar da canje-canje zuwa alama tsayi da yawa kuma yana da ƙarfin albarkatu.
Na biyu, ba za ku iya kiran ayyuka biyu a lokaci ɗaya ba, saboda duka biyu za su haifar da sanyi.
Na uku, yana aiki da duk saituna, gami da waɗanda mai gudanarwa ya yi.

A cikin wannan sigar, kamar yadda a cikin Askozia, ya yiwu a samar da daidaitawar kawai canza kayayyaki kuma sake farawa kawai abubuwan da ake bukata, amma waɗannan duk matakan rabi ne. Ya zama dole a canza hanyar.

Siga ta biyu. Hanci ya ciro wutsiya makale

Manufar warware matsalar ba shine sake ƙirƙira daidaitawa da tsarin bugawa ba alama, amma ajiye bayanai a cikin rumbun adana bayanai kuma karanta daga bayanan kai tsaye yayin sarrafa kiran. alama Na riga na san yadda ake karanta saitunan bayanai daga ma'ajin bayanai, kawai canza ƙimar a cikin bayanan kuma za a aiwatar da kira na gaba tare da la'akari da canje-canje, kuma aikin ya kasance cikakke don karanta sigogin dialplan. REALTIME_HASH.

A ƙarshe, babu buƙatar ko da sake farawa alama lokacin canza saitunan kuma duk saituna sun fara aiki nan da nan zuwa alama.

Canje-canje kawai ga tsarin bugun kira shine ƙari na lambobi da ƙari alamu. Amma waɗannan ƙananan canje-canjen tabo ne

exten=>101,1,GoSub(‘sub-callusers’,s,1(1)); - точечное изменение, добавляется/изменяется через ami

; sub-callusers – универсальная функция генерится при установке модуля.
[sub-callusers]
exten =>s,1,Noop()
exten =>s,n,Set(LOCAL(TOUSERID)=${ARG1})
exten =>s,n,ClearHash(TOUSERPARAM)
exten =>s,n,Set(HASH(TOUSERPARAM)=${REALTIME_HASH(rl_users,id,${LOCAL(TOUSERID)})})
exten =>s,n,GotoIf($["${HASH(TOUSERPARAM,id)}"=""]?return)
...

Kuna iya ƙara ko canza layi cikin sauƙi ta amfani da tsarin bugun kira wanda (control interface alama) kuma ba a buƙatar sake yin dukkan tsarin bugun kira ba.

Wannan ya warware matsalar tare da daidaitawar API. Kuna iya shiga cikin ma'ajin bayanai kai tsaye kuma ku ƙara sabon rukuni ko canza, misali, lokacin bugun kira a cikin filin "lokacin kira" na ƙungiyar kuma kira na gaba zai riga ya wuce ƙayyadadden lokacin (Wannan ba shawara ba ce ga aiki, tunda wasu ayyukan API suna buƙatar wanda kira).

Ayyukan farko masu wahala sun sake kawo girman kai da rashin jin daɗi na farko. Na yi farin ciki cewa ya yi aiki. Bayanan bayanan ya zama hanyar haɗi mai mahimmanci, dogara ga faifai ya karu, akwai ƙarin haɗari, amma duk abin da ke aiki a tsaye kuma ba tare da matsala ba. Kuma mafi mahimmanci, yanzu duk abin da za a iya yi ta hanyar haɗin yanar gizon ana iya yin shi ta hanyar API, kuma an yi amfani da hanyoyi iri ɗaya. Bugu da ƙari, haɗin yanar gizon ya kawar da maɓallin "aiwatar da saituna zuwa PBX", wanda masu gudanarwa sukan manta da shi.

Abin takaici shine ci gaban ya zama mafi rikitarwa. Tun farkon sigar farko, yaren PHP ya haifar da tsarin bugun kira a cikin harshen alama kuma ga alama gaba ɗaya ba za a iya karantawa ba, tare da harshen kanta alama don rubuta tsarin bugun kira yana da matuƙar mahimmanci.

Abin da ya yi kama:

$usersInitSection = $dialplan->createExtSection('usersinit-sub','s');
$usersInitSection
 ->add('',new Dialplanext_gotoif('$["${G_USERINIT}"="1"]','exit'))
 ->add('',new Dialplanext_set('G_USERINIT','1'))
 ->add('',new Dialplanext_gosub('1','s','sub-AddOnAnswerSub','usersconnected-sub'))
 ->add('',new Dialplanext_gosub('1','s','sub-AddOnPredoDialSub','usersinitondial-sub'))
 ->add('',new Dialplanext_set('LOCAL(TECH)','${CUT(CHANNEL(name),/,1)}'))
 ->add('',new Dialplanext_gotoif('$["${LOCAL(TECH)}"="SIP"]','sipdev'))
 ->add('',new Dialplanext_gotoif('$["${LOCAL(TECH)}"="PJSIP"]','pjsipdev'))

A cikin sigar ta biyu, tsarin bugun kira ya zama na duniya, ya haɗa da duk zaɓuɓɓukan aiki masu yuwuwa dangane da sigogi kuma girmansa ya ƙaru sosai. Duk wannan ya rage girman lokacin ci gaba, kuma tunanin cewa ya zama dole a sake tsoma baki tare da tsarin kira ya sa ni baƙin ciki.

Siga ta uku

Ba shi yiwuwa a samar da ra'ayi don magance matsalar alama dialplan daga php da amfani FastAGI kuma rubuta duk dokokin sarrafawa a cikin PHP kanta. FastAGI Yana da damar alama, don aiwatar da kira, haɗa zuwa soket. Karɓi umarni daga can kuma aika sakamako. Don haka, ma'anar tsarin bugun kira ya riga ya kasance a waje da iyakoki alama kuma ana iya rubuta shi da kowane harshe, a cikin akwati na a cikin PHP.

An yi gwaji da kuskure da yawa. Babban matsalar ita ce na riga na sami azuzuwan / fayiloli da yawa. An ɗauki kimanin daƙiƙa 1,5 ana ƙirƙira abubuwa, fara su, da yi wa juna rajista, kuma wannan jinkirin kowane kiran ba wani abu bane da za a yi watsi da shi.

Ya kamata a fara farawa sau ɗaya kawai don haka nemo mafita ya fara da rubuta sabis a cikin php ta amfani da shi Matsaloli. Bayan mako guda na gwaji, an ajiye wannan zaɓin saboda ƙaƙƙarfan yadda wannan tsawo ke aiki. Bayan wata guda na gwaji, Na kuma yi watsi da shirye-shiryen asynchronous a cikin PHP; Ina buƙatar wani abu mai sauƙi, wanda ya saba da kowane mafari na PHP, kuma yawancin kari don PHP suna aiki tare.

Maganin shine namu sabis na zaren da yawa a cikin C, wanda aka haɗa dashi PHPLIB. Yana loda duk fayilolin php na ATS, yana jira duk samfuran don farawa, yana ƙara kiran juna, kuma lokacin da komai ya shirya, adana shi. Lokacin tambaya ta FastAGI an ƙirƙiri rafi, kwafi daga cache na duka azuzuwan kuma ana sake yin bayanai a cikinsa, kuma ana aika buƙatar zuwa aikin php.

Tare da wannan bayani, lokaci daga aika kira zuwa sabis ɗinmu zuwa umarni na farko alama ya ragu daga 1,5s zuwa 0,05s kuma wannan lokacin ya dogara kadan akan girman aikin.

Sakamakon haka, lokacin ci gaban dialplan ya ragu sosai, kuma zan iya godiya da wannan tunda dole ne in sake rubuta dukkan tsarin bugun kira na dukkan kayayyaki a cikin PHP. Da fari dai, ya kamata a riga an rubuta hanyoyin a cikin php don samun wani abu daga bayanan bayanan; ana buƙatar su don nunawa a cikin mahaɗin yanar gizo, kuma na biyu, kuma wannan shine babban abu, a ƙarshe yana yiwuwa a dace da aiki tare da kirtani tare da lambobi da tsararru. tare da bayanan bayanai da yawa kari na PHP.

Don aiwatar da tsarin bugun kira a cikin ajin module kuna buƙatar aiwatar da aikin dialplanDynamicCall da jayayya Neman kiran kiran pbx zai ƙunshi wani abu don mu'amala da shi alama.

Bugu da kari, ya zama mai yiwuwa a cire dialplan (php yana da xdebug kuma yana aiki don sabis ɗinmu), zaku iya matsawa mataki-mataki ta hanyar duba ƙimar masu canji.

Kira bayanan

Duk wani nazari da rahotanni na buƙatar bayanan da aka tattara daidai, kuma wannan toshewar PBX shima ya shiga cikin gwaji da kurakurai daga na farko zuwa na uku. Sau da yawa, bayanan kira alama ce. Kira ɗaya = rikodi ɗaya: wanda ya kira, wanda ya amsa, tsawon lokacin da suka yi magana. A cikin ƙarin zaɓuɓɓuka masu ban sha'awa, akwai ƙarin alamar da ke nuna wanda aka kira ma'aikacin PBX yayin kiran. Amma duk wannan ya shafi ɓangaren buƙatun ne kawai.

Abubuwan farko sune:

• ajiye ba kawai wanda PBX ya kira, amma kuma wanda ya amsa, domin akwai tsangwama kuma ana buƙatar yin la'akari da wannan yayin nazarin kira,
• lokaci kafin haɗi tare da ma'aikaci. A ciki freepbx da wasu PBXs, ana la'akari da amsa kiran da zarar PBX ya ɗauki wayar. Amma don menu na murya kuna buƙatar ɗaukar wayar, don haka ana amsa duk kira kuma lokacin jiran amsa ya zama 0-1 seconds. Sabili da haka, an yanke shawarar adana ba kawai lokacin kafin amsawa ba, amma lokacin kafin haɗawa tare da maɓalli masu mahimmanci (modul ɗin da kansa ya saita wannan tutar. A halin yanzu shine "Ma'aikaci", "Layin waje").
• Don ƙarin tsarin bugun kira mai rikitarwa, lokacin da kira ke tafiya tsakanin ƙungiyoyi daban-daban, ya zama dole a sami damar bincika kowane kashi daban.

Mafi kyawun zaɓi ya zama lokacin da samfuran PBX ke aika bayanai game da kansu akan kira kuma a ƙarshe adana bayanan a cikin hanyar itace.

Ya yi kama da wannan:

Na farko, cikakken bayani game da kiran (kamar kowa - babu wani abu na musamman).

1. An kira waya a layin waje"Don gwaji"a 05:55:52 daga lamba 89295671458 zuwa lamba 89999999999, a karshe ma'aikaci ya amsa"Sakatare2» tare da lamba 104. Abokin ciniki ya jira 60 seconds kuma yayi magana don 36 seconds.
2. Ma'aikaci"Sakatare2"yayi kira zuwa 112 kuma ma'aikaci ya amsa"Manager1»bayan 8 seconds. Suna magana na 14 seconds.
3. An canza abokin ciniki zuwa ma'aikaci"manaja1"inda suka ci gaba da magana har tsawon dakika 13

Amma wannan shine ƙarshen ƙanƙara; ga kowane rikodin za ku iya samun cikakken tarihin kira ta hanyar PBX.

Ana gabatar da duk bayanan azaman gunkin kira:

1. An kira waya a layin waje"Don gwaji» a 05:55:52 daga lamba 89295671458 zuwa lamba 89999999999.
2. A 05:55:53 layin waje yana aika kira zuwa da'ira mai shigowa "gwajin»
3. Lokacin sarrafa kira bisa ga makirci, tsarin "kiran manaja", a cikin abin da kiran ya kasance 16 seconds. Wannan tsari ne da aka haɓaka don abokin ciniki.
4. Module"kiran manaja"yana aika kira ga ma'aikacin da ke da alhakin lamba (abokin ciniki)"Manager1” kuma yana jira 5 seconds don amsawa. Manaja bai amsa ba.
5. Module"kiran manaja"aika kira ga group"Manajojin CORP" Waɗannan wasu manajoji ne na shugabanci ɗaya (zaune a ɗaki ɗaya) kuma suna jiran daƙiƙa 11 don amsawa.
6. Rukuni "Manajojin CORP"yana kiran ma'aikata"Manager1, Manager2, Manager3" lokaci guda na 11 seconds. Babu amsa.
7. Kiran manaja ya ƙare. Kuma da'ira aika kira zuwa ga module ".Zaɓin hanya daga 1c" Haka kuma tsarin da aka rubuta don abokin ciniki. Anan aka sarrafa kiran na daƙiƙa 0.
8. Da'irar tana aika kira zuwa menu na murya "Na asali tare da ƙarin bugun kira" Abokin ciniki ya jira a can don 31 seconds, babu ƙarin bugun kira.
9. Tsarin yana aika kira zuwa rukuni "Sakatarorin", inda abokin ciniki ya jira 12 seconds.
10. A cikin rukuni, ana kiran ma'aikata 2 a lokaci guda "Sakatare1"Kuma"Sakatare2"kuma bayan 12 seconds ma'aikaci ya amsa"Sakatare2" An kwafi amsar kiran zuwa kiran iyaye. Sai ya zama a cikin group din ya amsa da "Sakatare2", lokacin da ake kira da'irar ya amsa"Sakatare2" ya amsa kiran a layin waje tare da "Sakatare2".

Ajiye bayanai game da kowane aiki da rumbun su ne zai ba da damar yin rahoto kawai. Rahoton akan menu na murya zai taimaka maka gano yawan taimako ko hanawa. Ƙirƙiri rahoto game da kiran da ma'aikata ba su yi ba, la'akari da cewa an kama kiran ne don haka ba a yi la'akari da shi ba, kuma la'akari da cewa kiran rukuni ne, kuma wani ya amsa tun da farko, wanda ke nufin kiran ma ba a rasa ba.

Irin wannan ajiyar bayanan zai ba ku damar ɗaukar kowane rukuni daban kuma ku tantance yadda yake aiki yadda ya kamata, da gina jadawali na ƙungiyoyin da aka amsa da waɗanda aka rasa cikin sa'a. Hakanan zaka iya duba yadda ingantacciyar hanyar haɗi zuwa mai sarrafa alhakin ta hanyar nazarin abubuwan canja wuri bayan haɗawa da mai sarrafa.

Hakanan zaka iya gudanar da bincike na yau da kullun, alal misali, sau nawa lambobin da ba a cikin ma'ajin bayanai ke yin ƙara daidai ko adadin adadin kira masu fita zuwa wayar hannu.

Mene ne a karshen?

Ba a buƙatar ƙwararrun ƙwararrun don kula da PBX; mafi yawan masu gudanarwa na yau da kullun na iya yin hakan - an gwada su a aikace.

Don gyare-gyare, ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwarewa masu mahimmanci ba a buƙata; ilimin PHP ya isa, saboda An riga an rubuta samfura don ka'idar SIP, da kuma layin layi, da kiran ma'aikaci, da sauransu. Akwai nau'in nannade don alama. Don haɓaka module, mai tsara shirye-shirye na iya (kuma a hanya mai kyau yakamata) ya kira shirye-shiryen da aka yi. Da ilimi alama ba su da mahimmanci idan abokin ciniki ya nemi ƙara shafi tare da sabon rahoto. Amma aikin ya nuna cewa duk da cewa masu shirye-shirye na ɓangare na uku za su iya jurewa, suna jin rashin tsaro ba tare da rubuce-rubuce ba da kuma bayanan da aka saba yi, don haka har yanzu akwai sauran damar ingantawa.

Modules na iya:

• ƙirƙira sabbin damar sarrafa kira,
• ƙara sabbin tubalan zuwa mahaɗin yanar gizo,
• Gaji daga kowane nau'ikan abubuwan da ke akwai, sake fasalta ayyuka kuma musanya shi, ko kuma zama ɗan kwafi da aka gyara,
• ƙara saitunan ku zuwa samfurin saiti na wasu kayayyaki da ƙari mai yawa.

Saitunan PBX ta hanyar API. Kamar yadda aka bayyana a sama, ana adana duk saitunan a cikin ma'ajin bayanai kuma ana karanta su a lokacin kiran, don haka zaka iya canza duk saitunan PBX ta hanyar API. Lokacin kiran API, ba a sake ƙirƙira saitin ba kuma ba a sake kunna kayan aikin ba, don haka, ba komai nawa saituna da ma'aikata kuke da su ba. Ana aiwatar da buƙatun API da sauri kuma kar a toshe juna.

PBX yana adana duk mahimman ayyuka tare da kira tare da tsawon lokaci (jiran / tattaunawa), gida da kuma cikin sharuɗɗan PBX (ma'aikaci, rukuni, layin waje, ba tashar ba, lamba). Wannan yana ba ku damar gina rahotanni daban-daban don takamaiman abokan ciniki kuma yawancin aikin shine ƙirƙirar ƙirar mai amfani.

Lokaci zai faɗi abin da zai faru a gaba. Har yanzu akwai wasu nuances da yawa waɗanda ke buƙatar sake fasalin, har yanzu akwai tsare-tsare da yawa, amma shekara ta wuce tun lokacin ƙirƙirar sigar ta 3 kuma muna iya rigaya cewa ra'ayin yana aiki. Babban hasara na sigar 3 shine albarkatun kayan masarufi, amma wannan shine yawanci abin da zaku biya don sauƙin haɓakawa.

source: www.habr.com