JMAP - buɗaɗɗen yarjejeniya wanda zai maye gurbin IMAP lokacin musayar imel

A farkon wannan watan akan Labaran Hacker an tattauna sosai JMAP yarjejeniya ci gaba a karkashin jagorancin IETF. Mun yanke shawarar yin magana game da dalilin da yasa ake buƙata da kuma yadda yake aiki.

JMAP - buɗaɗɗen yarjejeniya wanda zai maye gurbin IMAP lokacin musayar imel
/ Anan /PD

Abin da ban so game da IMAP

ПротокоР» IMAP aka gabatar a shekarar 1986. Yawancin abubuwan da aka kwatanta a cikin ma'auni ba su da dacewa a yau. Misali, ka'idar na iya mayar da adadin layukan wasiƙa da kididdiga MD5 - wannan aikin kusan ba a amfani dashi a cikin abokan cinikin imel na zamani.

Wata matsalar kuma tana da alaƙa da yawan zirga-zirga. Tare da IMAP, ana adana imel akan sabar kuma ana aiki tare da abokan ciniki lokaci-lokaci tare da abokan ciniki na gida. Idan saboda wasu dalilai kwafin na'urar mai amfani ya lalace, duk wasiku dole ne a sake daidaita su. A cikin duniyar zamani, lokacin da dubban na'urorin hannu za a iya haɗa su zuwa uwar garken, wannan hanya tana haifar da karuwar yawan zirga-zirga da albarkatun kwamfuta.

Matsaloli sun taso ba kawai tare da yarjejeniya kanta ba, har ma tare da abokan cinikin imel ɗin da ke aiki da shi. Tun lokacin da aka ƙirƙira ta, IMAP ta kasance ƙarƙashin bita sau da yawa - sigar yanzu a yau shine IMAP4. A lokaci guda, akwai kari na zaɓi da yawa don shi - akan hanyar sadarwa buga RFC casa'in tare da ƙari. Daya daga cikin na baya-bayan nan shine RFC8514, an gabatar da shi a cikin 2019.

A lokaci guda, kamfanoni da yawa suna ba da mafita na mallakar su waɗanda yakamata su sauƙaƙe aiki tare da IMAP ko ma maye gurbinsa: Gmail, Outlook, nailas. Sakamakon shine cewa abokan cinikin imel na yanzu suna goyan bayan wasu abubuwan da ake da su. Irin wannan bambancin yana haifar da rabuwar kasuwa.

"Bugu da ƙari, abokin ciniki na imel na zamani bai kamata ya tura saƙonni kawai ba, amma ya sami damar yin aiki tare da lambobin sadarwa da aiki tare da kalanda," in ji Sergei Belkin, shugaban ci gaba a mai samar da IaaS. 1 Cloud.ru. - A yau, ka'idoji na ɓangare na uku kamar LDAP, CardDAV и CalDAV. Wannan tsarin yana rikitar da tsarin kashe wuta a cikin hanyoyin sadarwar kamfanoni kuma yana buɗe sabbin hanyoyin kai hare-hare ta yanar gizo. ”

An tsara JMAP don magance waɗannan matsalolin. Kwararrun FastMail ne ke haɓaka shi a ƙarƙashin jagorancin Cibiyar Injiniya ta Intanet (IETF). Yarjejeniyar tana gudana a saman HTTPS, tana amfani da JSON (saboda wannan dalili ya dace ba kawai don musayar saƙonnin lantarki ba, har ma don magance yawan ayyuka a cikin girgije) kuma yana sauƙaƙe ƙungiyar aiki tare da wasiku a cikin tsarin wayar hannu. Baya ga sarrafa haruffa, JMAP yana ba da damar haɗa kari don aiki tare da lambobi da jadawalin kalanda.

Siffofin sabuwar yarjejeniya

JMAP da ka'idar rashin ƙasa (marasa ƙasa) kuma baya buƙatar haɗi na dindindin zuwa uwar garken wasiku. Wannan fasalin yana sauƙaƙe aiki a cikin cibiyoyin sadarwar wayar hannu mara ƙarfi kuma yana adana ƙarfin baturi akan na'urori.

Ana wakilta imel a cikin JMAP a tsarin tsarin JSON. Ya ƙunshi dukkan bayanai daga saƙon RFC5322 (Tsarin Saƙon Intanet), wanda ƙila za a buƙaci ta aikace-aikacen imel. A cewar masu haɓakawa, wannan hanyar yakamata ta sauƙaƙa ƙirƙirar abokan ciniki, tunda warware matsalolin da ke da yuwuwar (haɗe da su). Mime, karanta headers da encoding) uwar garken zai amsa.

Abokin ciniki yana amfani da API don tuntuɓar uwar garken. Don yin wannan, yana haifar da ingantaccen buƙatun POST, waɗanda aka siffanta kaddarorin su a cikin abin zaman JMAP. Buƙatun yana cikin tsarin aikace-aikace/json kuma ya ƙunshi abu ɗaya na buƙatun JSON. Sabar kuma tana haifar da abu ɗaya na amsawa.

В bayani dalla-dalla (magana ta 3) marubutan sun ba da misali mai zuwa tare da buƙata:

{
  "using": [ "urn:ietf:params:jmap:core", "urn:ietf:params:jmap:mail" ],
  "methodCalls": [
    [ "method1", {
      "arg1": "arg1data",
      "arg2": "arg2data"
    }, "c1" ],
    [ "method2", {
      "arg1": "arg1data"
    }, "c2" ],
    [ "method3", {}, "c3" ]
  ]
}

A ƙasa akwai misalin martanin da uwar garken zai haifar:

{
  "methodResponses": [
    [ "method1", {
      "arg1": 3,
      "arg2": "foo"
    }, "c1" ],
    [ "method2", {
      "isBlah": true
    }, "c2" ],
    [ "anotherResponseFromMethod2", {
      "data": 10,
      "yetmoredata": "Hello"
    }, "c2"],
    [ "error", {
      "type":"unknownMethod"
    }, "c3" ]
  ],
  "sessionState": "75128aab4b1b"
}

Ana iya samun cikakken bayanin JMAP tare da aiwatar da misali a official website aikin. A can kuma marubutan sun buga bayanin ƙayyadaddun bayanai don Lambobin JMAP и JMAP Kalanda - suna nufin yin aiki tare da kalanda da lissafin lambobin sadarwa. By a cewar mawallafa, Lambobin sadarwa da Kalanda an raba su cikin takardu daban-daban don a iya haɓaka su da daidaita su ba tare da "cibiyar" ba. Lambobin tushe na JMAP - in wuraren ajiya akan GitHub.

JMAP - buɗaɗɗen yarjejeniya wanda zai maye gurbin IMAP lokacin musayar imel
/ Anan /PD

Abubuwan da suka dace

Duk da cewa har yanzu ba a kammala aikin a kan ma'auni ba a hukumance, an riga an aiwatar da shi a wuraren samarwa. Misali, masu yin buɗaɗɗen sabar saƙo Farashin IMAP aiwatar da sigar ta JMAP. Masu haɓakawa daga FastMail saki tsarin uwar garken don sabuwar yarjejeniya a Perl, kuma marubutan JMAP sun gabatar uwar garken wakili.

Muna iya tsammanin za a sami ƙarin ayyuka na tushen JMAP a nan gaba. Misali, akwai yuwuwar masu haɓakawa daga Open-Xchange, waɗanda ke ƙirƙirar sabar IMAP don tsarin Linux, za su canza zuwa sabuwar yarjejeniya. Kin IMAP su sosai 'yan uwa suna tambaya, kafa a kusa da kayan aikin kamfanin.

Masu haɓakawa daga IETF da FastMail sun ce ƙarin masu amfani suna ganin buƙatun sabon buɗaɗɗen daidaitattun saƙo. Marubutan JMAP suna fatan nan gaba wasu kamfanoni za su fara aiwatar da wannan yarjejeniya.

Ƙarin albarkatunmu da tushenmu:

JMAP - buɗaɗɗen yarjejeniya wanda zai maye gurbin IMAP lokacin musayar imel Yadda ake bincika kukis don yarda da GDPR - sabon kayan aikin buɗewa zai taimaka

JMAP - buɗaɗɗen yarjejeniya wanda zai maye gurbin IMAP lokacin musayar imel Yadda ake Ajiye tare da Interface Programming Application
JMAP - buɗaɗɗen yarjejeniya wanda zai maye gurbin IMAP lokacin musayar imel DevOps a cikin sabis na girgije ta amfani da misalin 1cloud.ru
JMAP - buɗaɗɗen yarjejeniya wanda zai maye gurbin IMAP lokacin musayar imel Juyin Halitta na 1cloud girgije gine

JMAP - buɗaɗɗen yarjejeniya wanda zai maye gurbin IMAP lokacin musayar imel Hare-hare masu yuwuwa akan HTTPS da yadda ake kare su
JMAP - buɗaɗɗen yarjejeniya wanda zai maye gurbin IMAP lokacin musayar imel Yadda za a kare uwar garken akan Intanet: ƙwarewar 1cloud.ru
JMAP - buɗaɗɗen yarjejeniya wanda zai maye gurbin IMAP lokacin musayar imel Wani ɗan gajeren shirin ilmantarwa: menene Haɗin kai

source: www.habr.com

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