Yadda aka yi kayan aikin Rasha don tsarin ajiya na Aerodisk Vostok akan Elbrus

Assalamu alaikum. Kamar yadda muka yi alkawari, muna nutsar da masu karatu na Habr a cikin cikakkun bayanai na samar da dandamali na kayan aikin Rasha don tsarin ajiya na Aerodisk Vostok akan na'urori na Elbrus. A cikin wannan labarin za mu bayyana mataki-mataki samar da dandamali na Yakhont-UVM E124, wanda ya dace da 5 faifai a cikin raka'a 124, zai iya aiki a zazzabi na + 30 digiri Celsius, kuma a lokaci guda ba kawai yana aiki ba, amma yana aiki. da kyau.

Har ila yau, muna shirya wani webinar a kan 05.06.2020/XNUMX/XNUMX, inda za mu yi magana daki-daki game da fasaha nuances na Vostok ajiya tsarin samar da amsa kowane tambayoyi. Kuna iya yin rajista don webinar ta amfani da hanyar haɗin yanar gizon: https://aerodisk.promo/webinarnorsi/

To, bari mu je!

Kafin nutsewa cikin tsarin da ake shiryawa yanzu, ɗan tarihin tarihi daga shekaru biyu da suka gabata. A lokacin da ci gaban dandamalin da aka bayyana a cikin wannan labarin ya fara, yanayin samar da su shine, a sanya shi a hankali, babu shi. Akwai dalilai na wannan, sun san kowa da kowa: taro samar (wato samarwa, ba sake-gluing na lambobi) na uwar garken dandamali a Rasha ba ya nan a matsayin aji. Akwai daban-daban masana'antu da za su iya samar da daidaikun sassa, amma a cikin iyakataccen hanya kuma sau da yawa dogara a kan tsohon fasahar. Sabili da haka, dole ne mu fara kusan "daga karce" kuma a lokaci guda haɓaka samar da mafita na uwar garke a Rasha zuwa sabon matakin inganci.

Don haka, tsarin kowane samarwa yana farawa da buƙata, wanda sannan ya canza zuwa buƙatun gabaɗaya. Irin waɗannan buƙatun suna farawa ne ta masu haɓaka NORSI-TRANS a Nizhny Novgorod. Bukatun, ba shakka, ba a fitar da su daga iska mai iska, amma daga bukatun abokan ciniki. Wannan ba har yanzu aikin fasaha ba ne, saboda yana iya yin kuskure a kuskure. A mataki na buƙatun gabaɗaya, ba shi yiwuwa a yi cikakkiyar ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun fasaha, tun da akwai yanayin da ba a sani ba da yawa don samarwa.

Haɓaka samfurin manufa: daga ra'ayi zuwa aiwatarwa

Bayan an samar da buƙatun gabaɗaya, zaɓin tushen tushen ya fara. Daga bayanan tarihi ya biyo baya cewa tushen tushen ba ya wanzu, wato, dole ne a ƙirƙira shi.

Don yin wannan, ana tattara samfurin matukin jirgi daga abin da ake samu a kasuwar buɗe ido, wanda aƙalla ya yi kama da wanda aka yi niyya. Bayan haka, ana gudanar da gwaje-gwaje na yau da kullun na wannan samfurin don tantance aikin sa. Idan komai yana da kyau, to mataki na gaba shine haɓaka ƙirar manufa (2D da 3D).

Sa'an nan aka fara neman kamfanonin Rasha waɗanda ke shirye don fara samar da wannan matukin jirgi.Masu haɓaka suna aiwatar da gyare-gyaren da suka dace ga kowane nau'in samfurin, dangane da iyawar wani kamfani.

A lokacin aikin ƙira, ana aiwatar da gyare-gyaren da ake buƙata ga kowane ɗayan abubuwan samfuran. Alal misali, yayin aiki tare da samfurin, classic 12G SAS expanders an yi amfani da adadi mai yawa na wayoyi (masu girma, idan aka ba da adadin faifai). Ba shi da arha, yana da wahala ga wannan dandamali na musamman, kuma ban da haka, masu faɗaɗa abokan gaba na waje ne. Amma wannan bayani ne na wucin gadi don gwada samfurin gaba ɗaya kuma a ci gaba zuwa mataki na gaba. Koyaya, bai dace a yi amfani da masu faɗaɗa SAS ba don sigar ƙarshe akan takamaiman dandamali na uwar garken.

Ba ma buƙatar faɗaɗa abokan gaba, za mu yi namu jirgin baya tare da blackjack da sh...

Yin la'akari da tsare-tsaren gaba don samar da kundin (dubban sabobin), an yanke shawarar haɓakawa don wannan samfurin (kuma, ba shakka, don masu biyo baya) namu SAS backplane, wanda ya fi aiki fiye da mai fadada dangane da wannan bayani. . A zane da kuma shirye-shirye na backplane ne da za'ayi da wannan tawagar na developers, da kuma samar da allunan da aka za'ayi a Microlit shuka a cikin Moscow yankin (mun yi alkawarin wani labarin dabam game da wannan shuka da kuma yadda motherboards ga Elbrus processor). buga can).

Af, a nan ne samfurinsa na farko, yanzu ya bambanta.

Kuma a nan suna shirye-shiryensa

Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: lokacin da ci gaban jirgin ya fara, kuma masu zanen kaya sun juya zuwa ga mai haɓaka guntu na SAS3 don ƙirar ƙirar ƙira, ya nuna cewa babu wani kamfani a Turai da ya san yadda ake haɓaka nasu. A baya can, akwai wani haɗin gwiwa na Fujitsu-Siemens, amma bayan Siemens Nixdorf Informations systeme AG ya bar haɗin gwiwa da kuma cikakken rufe sashen kwamfuta a Siemens, ƙwarewa a wannan yanki a Turai ya ɓace.

Sabili da haka, mai haɓaka guntu da farko bai ɗauki ci gaban NORSI-TRANS da mahimmanci ba, wanda ya haifar da jinkirin haɓaka ƙirar ƙarshe. Gaskiya ne, daga baya, lokacin da muhimmancin niyya da cancantar kamfanin NORSI-TRANS ya bayyana a fili, kuma aka haɓaka da buga jirgin baya, yanayinsa ya canza zuwa mafi kyau.

Yadda za a kwantar da diski 124 da uwar garken a cikin raka'a 5, kuma ku kasance da rai?

Akwai nema daban tare da abinci da sanyaya. Gaskiyar ita ce, dangane da abubuwan da ake buƙata, dandalin E124 dole ne yayi aiki a zafin jiki na digiri 30 na Celsius, kuma a can, na minti daya, 124 masu zafi mai zafi na inji a cikin raka'a 5 kuma, haka ma, motherboard tare da processor (watau. wannan ba wawa ba ne JBOD, amma cikakken mai sarrafa tsarin ajiya tare da faifai).

Don sanyaya (sai dai ƙananan magoya baya a ciki), a ƙarshe mun yanke shawarar yin amfani da manyan magoya baya uku a bayan shari'ar, tare da kowane mai zafi-swappable. Don aiki na yau da kullun na tsarin, biyu sun isa (zazzabi ba ya canzawa kwata-kwata), don haka zaku iya amintaccen shirin aikin maye gurbin magoya baya kuma kada kuyi tunanin zafin jiki. Idan kun kashe magoya baya biyu (alal misali, bisa ga ka'idar ma'ana, yayin da ake maye gurbin ɗaya, na biyu ya karye), to tare da fan ɗaya tsarin kuma zai iya aiki akai-akai, amma zafin jiki zai ƙaru da 10-20% kashi, wanda aka yarda idan dai an shigar da aƙalla ƙarin fan.

Magoya bayan (kamar kusan komai) suma sun zama na musamman. Dalilin da ya bambanta shi ne tsada ɗaya. A wasu yanayi, yana iya faruwa cewa magoya baya, maimakon tsotsa iska, busa dukkan lamarin daga ciki, za su iya fara tsotse shi, sannan "lafiya", wato, dandamali zai yi zafi da sauri. Sabili da haka, don hana irin wannan matsala, an yi canje-canje ga ƙirar fan kuma mun ƙara namu "sani" - bawul ɗin rajistan. Wannan bawul ɗin duba cikin nutsuwa yana ba da damar cire iska daga dandamali, amma a lokaci guda yana toshe yuwuwar tsotsar iska a kowane hali.

A mataki na matukin jirgi tsarin sanyaya, akwai da yawa kasawa, daban-daban abubuwa na tsarin overheated da konewa, amma a karshen, da dandamali developers gudanar da samun mafi kyau sanyaya fiye da ko da duniya-sananan fafatawa a gasa.

"Ba za a iya cin zarafin abincin ba."

Ya kasance irin wannan labari tare da samar da wutar lantarki, watau. an yi su ne musamman don wannan dandali kuma dalili shine banal. Kowane sashi yana da kuɗi da yawa, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa aka samar da irin wannan dandamali mai girma kuma, idan ban yi kuskure ba (daidai a cikin maganganun idan na yi kuskure), wannan rikodin duniya ne ya zuwa yanzu, saboda Babu uwar garken ko JBOD masu yawan fayafai don raka'a 5 tukuna.

Don haka, don samar da wutar lantarki zuwa dandamali kuma a lokaci guda tsara yiwuwar maye gurbin wutar lantarki a cikin yanayin al'ada, jimlar ƙarfin na'urori masu aiki dole ne su zama kilowatts 4 (ba shakka, babu irin waɗannan hanyoyin warwarewa akan kasuwa), don haka an sanya su don yin oda tare da ƙaddamar da layin samarwa don samar da yawan jama'a (Bari in tunatar da ku cewa akwai shirye-shiryen dubban irin waɗannan sabobin).

Kamar yadda daya daga cikin manyan masu zanen dandamalin ya ce, “Tsarin ruwa a nan yana kama da injin walda - wannan ba abin jin daɗi ba ne :-)”.

A lokacin zane, yana yiwuwa a yi amfani da wutar lantarki ba kawai a 220V ba, har ma a 48V, watau. a cikin gine-ginen OPC, wanda a yanzu yana da matukar muhimmanci ga masu gudanar da sadarwa da manyan cibiyoyin bayanai.

A sakamakon haka, bayani tare da samar da wutar lantarki yana maimaita ma'anar bayani tare da sanyaya; dandamali na iya yin aiki cikin kwanciyar hankali tare da samar da wutar lantarki guda biyu, wanda ya sa ya yiwu a gudanar da aikin maye gurbin kamar yadda aka saba. Idan a cikin hatsarin akwai na'ura mai ba da wutar lantarki guda daya da ya rage daga cikin uku, zai iya fitar da aikin dandali a mafi girman nauyin, amma, ba shakka, ba zai yiwu a bar dandalin a cikin wannan tsari ba. na dogon lokaci.

Karfe da filastik: ba duk abin da ke da sauƙi ba, ya juya.

Akwai nuances da yawa a cikin tsarin haɓaka dandamali. Irin wannan halin da ake ciki ya faru ba kawai tare da lantarki aka gyara (risers, backplanes, motherboards, da dai sauransu), amma kuma da talakawa karfe da filastik: misali, tare da harka, dogo, har ma da faifai karusa.

Zai yi kama da cewa bai kamata a sami matsala tare da jiki da sauran abubuwan da ba su da hankali na dandalin. Amma a aikace komai ya bambanta. Lokacin da masu haɓaka dandamali suka fara tuntuɓar masana'antun Rasha daban-daban tare da buƙatun samarwa, ya nuna cewa yawancinsu suna aiki ta amfani da hanyoyin da ba na zamani ba, wanda a ƙarshe ya shafi duka inganci da adadin samfuran.

Sakamakon farko na samar da lokuta ya zama tabbatar da wannan. Ƙirar lissafi mara daidai, madaidaicin walda, ramukan da ba daidai ba da farashi makamantan su sun sa samfurin bai dace da amfani ba.

Yawancin masana'antun da za su iya yin shari'ar uwar garken sun yi aiki a lokacin (bari in tunatar da ku cewa "to" muna nufin shekaru 2 da suka wuce) "tsohuwar hanyar," wato, sun samar da tarin takardun zane, bisa ga abin da ma'aikaci da hannu ya daidaita aikin injinan, kuma sau da yawa maimakon rivets an yi amfani da walda na ƙarfe. A sakamakon haka, ƙananan digiri na sarrafa kansa, yanayin ɗan adam da wuce gona da iri na samarwa sun haifar da 'ya'ya. Ya juya ya zama tsayi, mara kyau da tsada.

Dole ne mu ba da yabo ga masana'antu: da yawa daga cikinsu sun sabunta abubuwan da suke samarwa tun lokacin. Mun inganta ingancin walda, ƙwarewar riveting, kuma sau da yawa mun fara amfani da injunan sarrafa lambobi (CNC). Yanzu, maimakon tarin takardu, ana loda bayanan samfur kai tsaye daga samfuran 3D da 2D cikin CNC.

CNC yana rage sa hannun ma'aikacin na'ura a cikin tsarin masana'antar samfurin zuwa mafi ƙanƙanta, don haka yanayin ɗan adam baya tsoma baki cikin rayuwa. Babban abin da ke damun ma'aikaci shine yafi shirye-shirye da ayyuka na ƙarshe: shigarwa da cire samfurin, saita kayan aiki, da sauransu.

Lokacin da sababbin sassa suka bayyana, samarwa ba ya daina tsayawa; don samar da su, ya isa a yi canje-canje ga software na CNC. Saboda haka, an rage lokacin samar da sassan don sababbin ayyuka a masana'antu daga watanni zuwa makonni, wanda shine labari mai kyau. Kuma, ba shakka, daidaito kuma ya ƙaru sosai.

Motherboards da processor: babu matsala

Processors da motherboards sun zo a matsayin saiti daga masana'anta. An riga an kafa wannan samarwa da kyau, don haka NORSI tana aiwatar da daidaitaccen sarrafa shigarwar da sarrafa fitarwa a matakin da aka gama.

Ana gwada kowace saitin motherboard da processor da software da aka samo daga MCST.

Idan aka samu wasu matsaloli (alhamdulillahi, akwai ‘yan kadan daga cikinsu da ke da motherboard da processor), akwai tsarin da ke aiki mai kyau na dawo da modules ga masana’anta da maye gurbinsu.

Majalisa da iko na ƙarshe

Don balalaika namu ya fara wasa, abin da ya rage shi ne mu hada mu gwada shi. Yanzu samarwa yana kan rafi, an tattara tsarin a daidaitaccen hanya a Moscow.

Kowane tsarin yana zuwa tare da boot SSDs (na OS) da cikakkun spindles (don bayanai na gaba).

Bayan haka, gwajin shigarwa yana farawa na dandamalin kansa da faifan diski da aka sanya akansa. Don yin wannan, duk faifai a cikin tsarin ana ɗora su tare da gwaje-gwaje na atomatik na akalla sa'a guda.

Ana yin karatu da rubutu ta atomatik akan kowane faifai, yin rikodin saurin karatu, saurin rubutu da zazzabi na kowane faifai. A cikin yanayin al'ada, matsakaicin zafin jiki ya kamata ya kasance a kusa da digiri 30-35 ma'aunin Celsius. A kololuwa, kowane faifan faifai na iya "billa" har zuwa digiri 40. Idan yanayin zafi ya yi girma ko kuma saurin ya faɗi ƙasa da madaidaitan rubutu, diski ɗin ya zama ja kuma ya kasa ƙi. Abubuwan da suka wuce gwaje-gwaje an tattara su don ƙarin amfani.

ƙarshe

Akwai tatsuniyar da alkaluma daban-daban ke goyan bayan cewa "a Rasha ba su san yadda ake yin wani abu ba sai dai famfo mai." Abin baƙin ciki shine, wannan tatsuniya tana cinye kawunan mutane ma masu mutuntawa da hankali.

Kwanan nan wani labari mai ban mamaki ya faru da abokin aikina. Yana tuƙi daga ɗaya daga cikin nunin tsarin ajiya na Vostok kuma wannan tsarin ajiyar yana kwance a cikin akwati na motarsa ​​(ba E124 ba, ba shakka, ya fi sauƙi). A kan hanyar, ya kama daya daga cikin wakilan abokin ciniki (mutum mai mahimmanci, yana aiki a matsayi mai girma a daya daga cikin hukumomin gwamnati), kuma a cikin motar sun yi kamar haka:

Abokin aikina: "Mun nuna kawai tsarin ajiya akan Elbrus, sakamakon ya kasance mai kyau, kowa yana farin ciki, ta hanyar, wannan tsarin ajiya zai kasance da amfani ga masana'antar ku"

Abokin ciniki: "Na san cewa kuna da tsarin ajiya, amma wane irin Elbrus kuke magana?"

Abokin aikina: "To ... na Rasha Elbrus, kwanan nan sun fito da 8, dangane da aiki don tsarin ajiya, mu, bisa ga haka, mun yi sabon tsarin tsarin ajiya, wanda ake kira Vostok"

Abokin ciniki: “Elbrus dutse ne! Kuma kada ku ba da tatsuniyoyi game da na'ura mai sarrafa na Rasha a cikin al'umma mai ladabi, ana yin wannan ne kawai don ɗaukar kasafin kuɗi, a zahiri babu wani abu kuma babu abin da zai faru. "

Abokin aikina: "Cikin sharuddan? Shin yana da kyau cewa wannan takamaiman tsarin ma'aji yana cikin akwati na? Mu tsaya a yanzu, zan nuna maka!"

Abokin ciniki: "Yana da kyau a sha wahala tare da shirme, bari mu ci gaba, babu "tsarin ajiya na Rasha" - wannan ba zai yiwu ba.

A wannan lokacin, mutum mai mahimmanci bai so ya ji wani abu game da Elbrus ba. Tabbas, daga baya, lokacin da ya fayyace bayanan, ya yarda cewa ya yi kuskure, amma duk da haka, har zuwa ƙarshe, bai yarda da gaskiyar wannan bayanin ba.

A gaskiya ma, bayan rushewar Tarayyar Soviet, kasarmu ta tsaya a ci gaba da samar da microelectronics. An fitar da wani abu zuwa kasashen waje aka sace don amfanin kamfanoni na kasa da kasa, wani abu da kamfanin kera kamfanoni na cikin gida ya sace, wani abu, ba shakka, an saka hannun jari, amma galibi don amfanin kamfanoni iri ɗaya. An sare bishiyar, amma saiwar ya kasance.

Bayan kusan shekaru 30 na ruɗi game da batun "Yamma za su taimake mu," ya zama a fili ga kusan kowa da kowa cewa za mu iya taimaka wa kanmu kawai, don haka muna buƙatar dawo da abubuwan da muke samarwa ba kawai a fagen microelectronics ba, har ma a duk masana'antu. .

A halin yanzu, a cikin yanayin bala'in bala'in duniya a cikin yanayin da sarƙoƙin samar da kayayyaki daga ƙasashen waje suka tsaya a zahiri, ya riga ya bayyana a fili cewa maido da samar da gida ba ci gaban kasafin kuɗi ba ne, amma yanayi ne na rayuwar Rasha. kasa mai cin gashin kanta.

Sabili da haka, za mu ci gaba da nema da amfani da kayan aikin Rasha a rayuwa kuma mu gaya muku game da abin da kamfanoninmu ke yi a zahiri, irin matsalolin da suke fuskanta da kuma ƙoƙarin titanic da suke yi don magance su.

Yana da wuya a yi magana game da duk abubuwan samarwa a cikin labarin ɗaya, don haka a matsayin kari za mu shirya tattaunawa ta kan layi a cikin tsarin webinar akan wannan batu. A wannan webinar, za mu yi magana dalla-dalla kuma dalla-dalla game da abubuwan fasaha na samar da dandamali na Yakhont don tsarin ajiya na Vostok kuma za mu amsa duk, har ma mafi mahimmanci, tambayoyi akan layi.

Abokin hulɗarmu zai zama wakilin mai haɓaka dandamali, kamfanin NORSI-TRANS. Za a gudanar da gidan yanar gizon a ranar 05.06.2020/XNUMX/XNUMX; waɗanda ke son shiga za su iya yin rajista ta hanyar haɗin yanar gizon: https://aerodisk.promo/webinarnorsi/ .

Na gode duka, kamar yadda aka saba, muna fatan yin tsokaci mai ma'ana.

source: www.habr.com