A cikin wannan labarin za mu gaya muku abin da hanyoyin samar da ababen more rayuwa abokan cinikinmu suke aiwatarwa ta amfani da dandamali na uwar garken Dell R730xd kuma me yasa farashin hayar wannan dandamali yake. tare da kyawawan hanyoyin sadarwa zuwa Ukraine da Rasha, da kuma , riga tare da jeri da haɗin kai a farashi ya zama gaskiya. Za mu raba yiwuwar mafita dangane da waɗannan dandamali ta amfani da vlan masu zaman kansu, cibiyar sadarwar gida ta 10G da Firewall hardware daga CISCO, waɗanda ke samuwa ga abokan cinikinmu akan buƙata. Hakanan, a cikin mafi kyawun al'adu, za mu ba da kyauta ta hanyar amfani da sabar Dell R730xd kyauta don masu karatun Habrahabr.
Kwanan nan, muna samun ƙarin buƙatun don gina gine-ginen kamfanoni daban-daban, kuma wannan, da rashin alheri, an haɗa shi ba tare da gaskiyar cewa muna samar da mafita mai inganci ba, amma tare da farashin waɗannan mafita da matakin matakin. tsaro da tsarin doka, wanda aka samar a cikin Netherlands da Amurka, amma, kash, sau da yawa ba a samuwa a Ukraine da Rasha. Inda, da rashin alheri, irin waɗannan mafita suna kashe kuɗi kawai "astronomical", tun da manufar "kudi na dogon lokaci" yana da ɗan hanya ga ƙasashen Tarayyar Soviet bisa ka'ida, a kan tushen sauran haɗari ko kuma saboda rashin ingantaccen kayan aikin da matakin da ya dace. takardar shaida.
Kyakkyawan misali a nan zai zama bambanci a cikin farashin kayan aiki. Misali, Dell R730xd dandamali, an saya don abokan cinikinmu, a cikin asali na asali, 2 x Intel Dodeca-Core Xeon E5-2650v4 128GB DDR4 6x480GB SSD farashin kusan Yuro 9000. Ya tafi ba tare da faɗi cewa ba za a iya yin tambaya game da kowane ƙananan farashi don hayar wannan uwar garke a Ukraine ko Rasha ba, tun da farashin haya ya dogara ne akan biyan kuɗin dandamali na tsawon watanni 12-18. Wannan yana nufin cewa mafi ƙarancin farashin haya mai yuwuwa, ban da farashin masauki, wutar lantarki da tashoshi na sadarwa, zai kasance cikin kewayon $ 500-800 / wata, gwargwadon girman haɗarin mai samarwa da tsarin kasuwanci. Hakanan kuna buƙatar nemo cibiyar bayanai mai kyau tare da matakin da ake buƙata na takaddun shaida da tashoshin sadarwa. To, kar a manta game da yin la'akari da haɗarin kama kayan aiki ba bisa ka'ida ba yayin wasu ayyukan bincike na haram wanda zai iya tasowa saboda gasa da takamaiman yin kasuwanci a wani yanki.
Don haka, ba abin mamaki ba ne cewa shawararmu ta tayar da sha'awa sosai, musamman tun da cibiyoyin bayanan da muke samar da sabar da aka tsara suna da takaddun shaida da yawa masu mahimmanci kuma masu mahimmanci ga kamfanoni - , , , и .
Yanzu bari mu dubi lokuta da yawa waɗanda zasu iya zama masu ban sha'awa ga masu farawa da ƙananan ayyuka, da kuma manyan masu haɗa tsarin tsarin waɗanda ke gina mafita a cikin ofisoshinsu a wuraren da aka tattara ko a cikin cibiyoyin bayanai.
Fa'idodin dandamali na Dell R730xd lokacin gina ɗakunan ajiya ta amfani da Red Hat Ceph
Ba asiri ba ne cewa buƙatun don adana bayanai da sarrafa bayanai suna haɓaka koyaushe, kuma a cikin hanzari. Idan a 'yan shekarun da suka gabata ya isa samun 1TB na ajiya, wanda ya ba da IOPS ɗari da yawa, yanzu bukatun sun karu zuwa dubun dubatar IOPS da petabytes na sarari. Waɗannan buƙatun don iya aiki da aiki ana haɓaka su ta wani ɓangare ta hanyar haɓaka ƙarar bayanan da ba a tsara su ba, gami da kiɗa, hotuna, bidiyo, bayanan adana bayanai, fayilolin log da sauran wuraren adana bayanai, bayanan kuɗi da na likitanci - bayanan da aka sani da "Babban Data". Idan ba a manta ba ana samun karuwar bukatu na adana bayanai a sakamakon yaduwa da fadada Intanet da sabbin hanyoyin Intanet. Don haka, tare da duk waɗannan buƙatun wutar lantarki, tsammanin abokin ciniki don babban dogaro da babban aiki ya fi kowane lokaci girma.
Yayin da kamfanonin IT ke ƙoƙarin magance matsalolin sarrafa petabytes har ma da exabytes na bayanai, samfurin ajiyar girgije yana ƙara zama ruwan dare a cikin cibiyoyin bayanai na zamani. Ana samun ƙarin sabbin tsarin software waɗanda ke ba ku damar daidaita hulɗar yanayin girgije tare da kayan aiki ta hanya mafi kyau; ɗayan irin waɗannan abubuwan shine Ceph.
Ceph shine tushen buɗe tushen tsarin ajiya mai rarraba wanda aka tsara don samar da babban aiki, amintacce da haɓaka. Ceph yana aiwatar da ajiyar abu akan gungun kwamfuta da aka rarraba kuma yana ba da musaya don adana abubuwa, tubalan da fayiloli. Ceph yana ba da cikakken ajiya mai rarrabawa ba tare da gazawa ɗaya ba da haɓakawa zuwa matakin petabyte. Ceph yana kwafin bayanai kuma don haka yana ba da haƙurin kuskure. An tsara tsarin ta hanyar da ba wai kawai samar da farfadowa mai zaman kanta ba, har ma da gudanarwa, wanda ke taimakawa wajen kauce wa farashin kulawa da ba dole ba. Saboda Ceph yana amfani da kayan aikin gama-gari da software ke sarrafawa da ayyukan gudanarwa ta hanyar musaya na shirye-shiryen aikace-aikacen (APIs), an ƙirƙira shi azaman ma'ajin da aka ayyana software (SDS).
Ma'ajiyar Red Hat Ceph shine tsarin ajiya mai shirye don amfani, ƙayyadaddun ma'auni na software wanda yake buɗewa, daidaitacce, daidaitacce kuma ana goyan bayan ko'ina. Haɗa sabbin abubuwa daga haɓaka tushen buɗe ido tare da ainihin fasaha da tallafi daga Red Hat. Maganin yana ba da haɗin kai tare da OpenStack kuma an tsara shi daga ƙasa har zuwa ba da damar ajiya na gaba don yanayin girgije da sauran nauyin aiki.
Anan zamu kalli misalin aiwatar da wannan mafita akan sabobin Dell, musamman Dell PowerEdge R730xd, wanda muke bayarwa don haya, kuma muyi la'akari da fa'idodin ginin ajiya bisa waɗannan dandamali. Wannan bayanin na iya zama da amfani ga masu gine-gine, injiniyoyi, da masu kula da IT waɗanda ke son bincika fa'idodin amfani da Red Hat Ceph Storage akan sabobin Dell PowerEdge kuma waɗanda dole ne su tsara da tsara aiwatarwa ta amfani da ingantattun ayyuka.
Amma a farkon:
Kadan game da dandalin kanta, wane zaɓi muke bayarwa kuma me yasa yake da tsada?
Dell PowerEdge R730xd ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyawun dandamali don ayyukan kasuwanci kuma bayan haka, ya sami lambobin yabo da yawa daban-daban kuma shine ingantaccen bayani na ajiya mai inganci, saboda yana iya samar da ma'auni mai yawa don kuɗi mai ma'ana.
Ana samun Poweredge R730xD a cikin saitin Chassis guda uku tare da abubuwan daban-daban da haɗawar fadadawa:
- 24 gaban 2,5 "bays don SAS, SATA ko kusa da SAS tafiyarwa da 2 zaɓi na 2,5" na baya. Chassis na 2,5-inch na iya zaɓin zaɓi har zuwa 4 PCIe Express Flash Drives daga Dell a gaba.
- 12 gaban 3,5 ″ SAS, SATA ko kusa da SAS drive bays tare da zaɓin zaɓi na 4 na ciki na 3,5 ″ mai zafi mai zafi, da zaɓin 2,5” na zaɓi biyu a baya.
- 18 gaban 1,8 "bays don SATA, 8 3,5" bays don SAS, SATA ko kusa da SAS tafiyarwa, da 2 na zaɓi 2,5" bays a baya.
Zai zama kamar kowane chassis yana da kyau ga nau'in aikinsa. Wannan ya tabbata. Amma shin da gaske suna daidai da tsada-tasiri?
Mun zaɓi zaɓi na biyu don gamsar da buƙatun mafi girman kewayon masu amfani akan chassis mai tuƙi guda 12. Domin mun dauke shi mafi inganci. Kuma shi ya sa. Ingantacciyar hanyar tattalin arziki na maganin an riga an bayyana shi a cikin versatility - ana iya shigar da nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan za a iya shigar da su a cikin wannan chassis kuma yana da arha don siye, kuma, mafi mahimmanci, zaku iya samun haɓaka mafi girma yayin aiki tare da bayanai ta amfani da dandamali da yawa waɗanda ke haɗa juna maimakon. fiye da ɗaya tare da babban adadin ajiya kuma a fili ƙananan yawan aiki.
Mun yi imani cewa ta hanyar haɗa nau'ikan dandamali iri ɗaya zuwa cibiyar sadarwar gida mai yawa-gigabit (yana yiwuwa a haɗa kowane kulli zuwa cibiyar sadarwar gida a cikin saurin 20 Gbit / s ko sama da haka, ta amfani da katunan Intel X540-T2-gigabit goma-gigabit guda biyu, wanda muke ba da ƙari), za mu iya samun sakamako mafi kyau da aiki fiye da dandamali tare da yawan adadin ajiya. Wannan yana da mahimmanci musamman ga abubuwan more rayuwa waɗanda ke amfani da waɗannan dandamali don aiki tare da bayanan bayanai. Alas, tare da ɗimbin faifai, mai sarrafawa na iya yin lodi sosai, kuma ƙarin mai sarrafawa a cikin xd version, kash, babu. Ayyukan da za a iya samu yayin amfani da dandamali tare da daidaitattun 12 bays da kuma cibiyar sadarwa na gigabit mai yawa na gida zai zama mafi girma, kuma bayani, bi da bi, zai zama mafi rarraba kuma abin dogara. A cikin kalma - farashi-tasiri!
Siffofin tsari da ƙira, amfani da katunan bidiyo
Dell Poweredge R730 dandamali, auna kawai 2u, yana tallafawa har zuwa 2-5 V2600 Propertors E3-36 v18 Propertomp E12-5 v2650 Propercors E4-24 v48 Propertomps E70-1,54 v128 Propertomps E4-XNUMX vXNUMX Propertomps EXNUMX-XNUMX VXNUMX Masu Gudanarwa, yana ba ku damar tashi zuwa cores XNUMX lokacin amfani da masu aiwatarwa XNUMX-. Mun zaɓi wani zaɓi na matsakaici, amma sabon ƙarni - XNUMX-core EXNUMX-XNUMX vXNUMX processor (XNUMX cores a gare ku duka, kuma la'akari da Multi-threading - XNUMX cores), tun da shi ya zama mafi tsada. - m. Don haka, a cikin ƙarni na huɗu, ana aiwatar da umarnin sarrafawa mafi inganci, alal misali, AES, wanda ke da alhakin ɓoye bayanan, shine XNUMX% mafi inganci fiye da na'urori iri ɗaya, amma ƙarni na uku. A lokaci guda, processor da dandamali na iya tallafawa har zuwa XNUMX TB na RAM, wanda ke da mahimmanci a wasu takamaiman lokuta. Mun zaɓi zaɓi mafi mashahuri, mafi araha dangane da farashi da saurin aiki - XNUMXGB DDRXNUMX RAM kuma mun ba da yuwuwar haɓakawa bisa buƙatar masu biyan kuɗi.
A gaban panel na R730xd akwai 6 tsarin matsayi Manuniya da za su iya sanar da ku matsaloli daban-daban, don haka za ka iya kauce wa da yawa m matsaloli ta hanyar daukar matakan da suka dace a kan dace hanya. Ramin DIMM don RAM suna kan uwa kai tsaye. R730xd yana goyan bayan DIMMs masu gyara kurakurai masu rijista da kuma LRDIMMs (Load Reduced Dual In-Line Memory Modules), sabon nau'in ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya don sabobin. Amma ba za mu yi amfani da shi ba, tunda LRDIMMs sun zama masu amfani kawai don yawan ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, lokacin da burin shine haɓaka saurin aiki.
Module Dual-SD na Ciki (IDSDM) yana ba abokan ciniki damar tura fasahar jure rashin haƙuri ta Dell, wanda ke ba da ƙarancin gazawa ga masu saka idanu. Kodayake PowerEdge R730 yana goyan bayan GPUs, wanda zai iya zama da amfani sosai a cikin mahallin ofisoshin kama-da-wane (kwamfutoci masu kama-da-wane), da kuma na'urorin kwamfuta masu inganci da aiki tare, R730xd baya goyan bayan GPUs saboda ba za a iya samar da katunan bidiyo masu kyau ba. Koyaya, ya zuwa yanzu ba mu da buƙatun wannan sabis ɗin kuma ɗaya daga cikin masu biyan kuɗin mu ne kawai ya ba da umarnin katin bidiyo don sabar. A saboda wannan dalili ne ba mu ba da odar dandamali na R730 da yawa ba, amma muna iya isar da su akan buƙata, sanye take da ɗayan katunan da aka ba da shawarar.
Saboda wannan, rashin alheri, farashin hayar mafita ba zai iya zama mai ban sha'awa ba kuma yana ƙaruwa fiye da sau 2, dangane da lokacin biyan kuɗi da lokacin kwangilar. Muna bayar da siyan katunan da kansu ta hanyar mai siyar da mu a cikin Netherlands, ana ba da farashi a ƙasa kuma daga wannan jerin shawarar da aka ba da shawarar (waɗannan shawarwarin Dell ne da kansa lokacin da muka yi buƙatar), wataƙila wannan bayanin zai zama da amfani ga wani:
NVIDIA Tesla M10 GPU CusKit: 2,884.98 EUR
NVIDIA Tesla M40 GPU: 4,913.33 EUR
NVIDIA Tesla M40 24GB GPU, Cust Kit: 6,458.95 EUR
NVIDIA M60 GPU, Mai wucewa, Yana buƙatar GRID 2.0 SW don Aiki na VDI, Kit ɗin Cust: 5,094.95 EUR
Lasisi:
Nvidia GRID vApps Lasisi na Biyan Kuɗi 3 shekara, 1 CCU: 20 EUR
Nvidia GRID vPC Lasisi na Biyan Kuɗi 3 shekara, 1 CCU: 95 EUR
Nvidia GRID vWS Lasisi na Biyan Kuɗi 3 shekara, 1 CCU: 480 EUR
Don haka, idan kun kasance a shirye don ƙaramin kwangilar shekaru 2 don hayan uwar garken Dell R730 (ba xd ba, wanda shine dalilin da yasa mafita ta fi tsada) - tuntuɓar [email kariya], Za mu yi farin cikin taimaka muku! Yin amfani da ɗayan katunan bidiyo da aka ba da shawarar a sama, a cikin DELL R730 2 x E5-2650 v4 / 128GB / 6 x 480GB SSD / 1Gbps 100TB + GPU sanyi da kwangilar shekaru 2, zai kashe kusan $ 6816 a kowace shekara, maimakon $ 2988 a kowace shekara a cikin yanayin Dell R730xd + dandamali da aka tattauna a cikin labarin zai buƙaci biyan kuɗin katin bidiyo da lasisi, tun da wannan kayan aiki ne na musamman.
Duk da haka, ko da wannan farashin ya fi kyau fiye da farashin da cibiyoyin bayanai a Ukraine da Rasha za su iya bayar don irin waɗannan mafita, idan suna so su samar da irin wannan mafita kwata-kwata ... Domin, rashin isa, a cikin Netherlands, inda haɗin gwiwa tare da Dell. an kafa kai tsaye, Lokacin isar da sabar tare da katin bidiyo ya kusan watanni 2 daga lokacin da abokin cinikinmu ya ba da odar (abokin ciniki ya yarda ya jira, tunda kawai babu wasu hanyoyi a kasuwa), saboda ƙaƙƙarfan ƙayyadaddun wannan samfurin Dell kawai ba shi da shi a hannun jari. Duk da haka, an kammala jigilar kaya a cikin ƙasa da wata guda. Godiya ga sashen samar da bayanan cibiyar bayanai da kuma mutanen Dell don ingancinsu. Amma a gare ni, wannan ƙwarewar har yanzu ta kasance sabon abu, tun da daidaitattun dandamali na Dell R730xd ana isar da su a cikin 'yan kwanaki.
Sarrafa da Ƙarfi na PERC Mai Gudanarwa
Ana iya sarrafa uwar garken ta hanyar iDRAC8 mai dacewa (Integrated Dell Remote Access Controller 8) tare da Dell Lifecycle Controller, wanda ke rage lokacin da ake kashewa akan ayyukan gudanarwa, yana rage yiwuwar kurakurai, inganta tsaro da inganta ingantaccen yanayin IT.
Ga masu biyan kuɗin mu, ana ba da damar yin amfani da iDRAC8 ta hanyar RMI (Interface Management Interface), wanda ke samun dama ta musamman daga cibiyar sadarwar cibiyar bayanai masu zaman kansu don dalilai na tsaro, samun damar zuwa gare shi ta hanyar Buɗaɗɗen rami na VPN kyauta. Da zarar an shiga, iDRAC yana nuna tsarin bayyani da kuma na'urar wasan bidiyo mai kama-da-wane ta iKVM.
Ina so in ba da kulawa ta musamman ga saka idanu; iDRAC8 yana ba ku damar samun kididdigar yawan wutar lantarki na sa'a ta ƙarshe, rana ko mako da iyakance iyakar ƙarfin amfani:
Tsarin kula da zafin jiki na iDRAC da tsarin rikodi yana ba ku damar tattara bayanai daga na'urori masu auna zafin jiki da ƙayyade kewayon da yake cikinsa. Don haka, ana ɗaukar karɓuwa ga masu sarrafawa su kasance a cikin kewayon zafin jiki na Gargaɗi kawai na 10% na lokacin a cikin shekara, kuma Critical don 1%. Lokacin da ke cikin rukunin mahimmanci kuma yana rinjayar lokacin da aka yarda a cikin rukunin faɗakarwa. Tarin bayanan zafin jiki yana farawa lokacin da aka kunna tsarin bayan barin masana'anta kuma ba za a iya sake saitawa ba.
Ƙarni na 13 na Dell PowerEdge sabobin an sanye su da masu sarrafa PERC9, wanda fasahar LSI CacheCade da aka yi amfani da su a baya a cikin masu kula da PERC8 an maye gurbinsu da mafi inganci - DAS Cache daga SanDisk.
A cikin gwaje-gwajen roba, DAS Cache yana haɓaka aikin tsararrun HDD sosai a cikin yanayin daidaitawar HDD+ SSD. Don haka, a cikin yanayin tsararrun 5 HDDs a cikin RAID6 (matakin 6 da aka zaɓa don tabbatar da iyakar iya aiki) da 5 SSD RAID10 (4 + 1 hot spare SSD don haɓaka aikin tsararru) lokacin amfani da DAS Cache, aikin aikin tsararru shine 5 HDD RAID6 + DAS Cache akan ƙayyadaddun tsararrun SSD wanda ya juya ya kasance kusa da aikin tsararrun SSD kanta:
Don haka, da zarar mun fahimci kanmu kaɗan da dandamali, yanzu za mu iya duba fa'idodin wannan dandamali yayin gina wuraren ajiya.
Me yasa dandalin Dell R730xd ya zama mafi kyawu don jigilar kayan ajiyar bayanai, musamman Red Hat Ceph?
Yanayin Ma'ajiya na Red Hat Ceph yana amfani da daidaitattun sabar masana'antu don haɓakawa, juriya, da aiki. Hanyoyin kariyar bayanai suna taka muhimmiyar rawa a farashin maganin. Ceph yana bawa mai amfani damar zaɓar hanyoyin tsaro daban-daban don wuraren ajiya daban-daban.
Tafkunan ajiya da aka maimaita suna samar da cikakkun kwafin abubuwan da aka adana kuma suna da kyau don dawo da sauri da sarrafa bayanai. A cikin yanayin tafkin da aka kwaikwayi, Ceph ya yi kasala zuwa nau'in kwafi na uku lokacin da kwafin bayanai uku ke zaune akan nodes na Ceph daban daban.
Tafkunan ajiya masu jure cin hanci da rashawa suna ba da kwafin bayanai guda ɗaya tare da daidaito, wanda ke da amfani lokacin da ake buƙatar adana bayanai na dogon lokaci kuma yana da tsada.
PowerEdge R730xd shine keɓantaccen mai sassauƙa kuma mai iya daidaita sabar raka mai raka'a biyu wanda ke ba da aiki mai girma da yawa da zaɓuɓɓukan ma'ajiyar gida da aka haɓaka da yawa, gami da matakan haɓaka. Ci gaban ya ƙunshi nau'i-nau'i masu yawa, wanda ya dace da Ceph.
- R730xd yana ba da ikon ƙirƙirar ingantattun hanyoyin samar da ababen more rayuwa ga ƙanana da manyan kasuwanci.
- R730xd yana rage lokacin ƙaddamarwa tare da damar turawa ta atomatik, wanda ke rage shigarwar mai amfani kuma yana rage kuskuren ɗan adam.
“Sabis na PowerEdge suna haɓaka aikin cibiyar IT tare da sabbin kayan aikin gudanarwa kamar iDRAC Quick Sync da iDRAC Direct, suna ba da cikakkiyar hangen nesa na tsarin kiwon lafiya da saurin turawa.
“Sabis na PowerEdge suna haɓaka amfani da wutar lantarki, suna ba da mafi kyawun aiki kowace watt da ingantaccen iko akan amfani da wutar lantarki da sanyaya.
Dell PowerEdge R730xd yana ba da fa'idodi waɗanda ke tabbatar da iyakar yawan aiki ta:
- Haɓaka ingancin aikace-aikacen ta hanyar amfani da sabbin fasahohi da ma'ajiyar gida mai ƙarfi.
"Scaling yana da sauƙi kuma mai sauri tare da ajiyar gaba-gaba wanda ke goyan bayan kewayon fayafai daga SATA HDDs masu rahusa zuwa 2.5" SSDs masu sauri, da kuma ƙananan ƙarancin latency kamar PowerEdge Express Flash NVMe PCIe SSDs.
- R730xd ya dace sosai don ƙirar ajiya na matasan godiya saboda amfani da sabbin fasahohin caching a cikin mai sarrafa PERC, wanda ke haɓaka ƙimar ƙimar Ceph.
Misali na aiwatar da abubuwan more rayuwa tare da Red Hat Ceph Storage, wanda ya ƙunshi sabar 5 Dell R730xd, zaku iya gani a ƙasa:
Yayin gwaje-gwaje masu zaman kansu na daban-daban na dandamali na Dell R730xd, an sami sakamako masu zuwa:
Tsarin mu na dandalin yana nuna sakamako mai kyau, kuma a cikin yanayin karatu, watakila mafi kyau. Kuma idan muka yi la'akari da gaskiyar cewa mun ba da umarnin waɗannan dandamali a cikin adadi mai yawa kuma saboda wannan za mu iya bayar da farashi fiye da sau 2 ƙasa da sauran zaɓuɓɓukan dandamali - ya zama mafi kyawun ƙarfafawa don karantawa da rubutu cikin sharuddan. na ma'auni mai tsada. A ƙarshe, babu abin da zai hana ku gina gungu na dandamali na 7-8, maimakon 5. A lokaci guda, kuna samun haƙuri mafi girma.
Shin ana buƙatar musanya 10-Gigabit lokacin gina irin waɗannan abubuwan more rayuwa? A'a, ba a buƙata ba, ɗaya daga cikin abokan cinikinmu ya gina abubuwan more rayuwa, ko da yake daga sabobin 3, ta amfani da tsarin haɗin yanar gizon gida mai zuwa:
Wanne ya ba shi damar adana ɗan kaɗan - $ 350 / watan akan hayar canzawa, tunda 10-Gigabit sauya suna da tsada sosai, kuma muna samar da mafi kyawun kawai - Arista 7050tx-48-r. Ba mu ga wani batu a cikin mafita don mashigai da yawa.
Menene dandamali na Dell R730xd waɗanda ke da iko bisa manufa?
Ba da dadewa ba, Microsoft ya gudanar da gwaji mai ban sha'awa na ayyukan waɗannan dandamali a cikin yanayin gina ɗakunan ajiyar bayanai tare da ƙananan nodes.
Mun yi amfani da 4 Dell R730xd nodes, haɗin kai zuwa cibiyar sadarwar 100-gigabit ta gida ta amfani da tashar tashar jiragen ruwa 32 Arista DCS-7060CX-32S 100Gb, yana gudana EOS version 4.15.3FX-7060X.1.
Tsarin nodes da aka yi amfani da su shine kamar haka:
2x Xeon E5-2660v3 2.6Ghz (10c20t)
256GB DRAM (16x 16GB DDR4 2133 MHz DIMM)
4x Samsung PM1725 3.2TB NVME SSD (PCIe 3.0 x8 AIC)
Dell HBA330
4x Intel S3710 800GB SATA SSD
12x Seagate 4TB Ƙarfin Kasuwancin 3.5 "SATA HDD
2x Mellanox ConnectX-4 100Gb (Dual Port 100Gb PCIe 3.0 x16)
Mellanox FW v. 12.14.2036/XNUMX/XNUMX
Mellanox ConnectX-4 Direba v. 1.35.14894
Na'urar PSID MT_2150110033
Tashar ruwa guda daya da aka haɗa / adaftar
Ta hanyar amfani da VMFleet, an ɗaga injunan kama-da-wane 20 akan kowane kulli, wato, jimlar injunan kama-da-wane 80. An saita kowace injin kama-da-wane tare da 1vCPU. An yi amfani da VMFleet don gudanar da kayan aikin DISKSPD don gwada aikin ajiya akan kowane nodes 80, ana samun amfanin kyauta. . Siffofin gwajin sune kamar haka - 1 zaren, 512KiB na karatun jeri don ayyukan 4 I/O.
Kamar yadda kuke gani a hoton da ke sama, mun sami nasarar cimma kyakkyawan sakamako na gigabytes 60 a cikin daƙiƙa guda gabaɗaya, wanda kusan daidai yake da nau'ikan Wikipedia 5 na Ingilishi a cikin nau'i mai matsewa (11.5GiB), waɗanda ake saukewa kowane daƙiƙa. Kuma gudun daga kowace na'ura mai ma'ana ya kai kusan CD ɗaya a sakan daya - 750 MB.
Wannan gwajin ya nuna daidai yadda ingantaccen bayani zai iya zama lokacin da abubuwa uku na ƙididdigewa, ajiya, da sadarwar sadarwa suna daidaitawa, yana rage yuwuwar ƙullun da zai iya faruwa a cikin tsarin da ba daidai ba.
Me game da dandamali daga wasu masana'antun?
Kwatanta Dell R730xd da HP ProLiant DL380
Don kwatanta aikin, mun zaɓi kayan aikin da ba su da ƙarfi fiye da yadda muke bayarwa don haya - sabobin tare da na'ura mai sarrafa E5-2620v3, maimakon E5-2650v4, waɗanda ke da fa'ida sosai. Babban hanyar gwaji da aka yi amfani da ita don wannan kwatancen ita ce auna adadin IOPS. An yi amfani da nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan kayan aiki daban-daban, wato duka Karatu da 30% Karanta / 70% Rubuta (mai kama da tsarin OLTP, tsarin ma'amala, lokacin sarrafa ƙananan ma'amaloli, amma babban kwarara, kuma abokan ciniki suna buƙatar tabbatar da lokacin amsa kaɗan).
An gudanar da gwaje-gwaje sau da yawa don kawar da mummunan tasiri na abubuwan ɓoye akan aikin tsarin. Na farko, mun gudanar da wasu gwaje-gwaje na asali akan Dell R730xd da HP ProLiant DL380 ta amfani da ma'ajin HDD kawai (5x1TB HDD RAID5) don samar da ma'auni na aiki na asali. An gudanar da irin wannan tsarin gwajin tare da 5x1TB HDD RAID-5 ajiya ta amfani da cache DAS da aka sanya akan SAS SSDs (2xSAS 480GB Samsung SSD RAID1) akan uwar garken Dell, kuma akan uwar garken HP ta amfani da HPE SmartCache tare da irin wannan saitin kayan aiki don ajiya. da caching. A ƙarshe, an gudanar da gwajin ƙarshe akan uwar garken Dell ta amfani da DAS Cache akan faifan NVMe PCIe SSD (2x400GB Samsung NVMe a cikin software RAID) don nuna matsakaicin gudunmawar caching zuwa nasarorin aikin aikace-aikacen a cikin karatuttukan karatu da rubutu. Ba a yi irin wannan gwajin akan uwar garken HP ba saboda Smart Cache baya goyan bayan fa'idodin NVMe don caching.
Tsarin tsarin:
Dell PowerEdge R730xd (ƙarni na 13)
HP ProLiant DL380 (ƙarni na tara)
Server
CPU: x86-64 - Intel Xeon CPU E5-2620 v3 @2.40GHz;
Ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya: 32GB DDR4.
CPU: x86-64 - Intel Xeon CPU E5-2620 v3 @2.40GHz;
Ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya: 32GB DDR4.
Tsarin aiki/software
Windows 2012 R2 SP1;
SanDisk DAS Cache 1.4.
Windows 2012 R2 SP1;
HPE SmartCache.
Ma'ajiya/cache
5x1TB HDD RAID5;
2xSAS 480GB Samsung SSD RAID1;
2x400GB Samsung NVMe Software RAID.
5x1TB HDD RAID5;
2xSAS 480GB Samsung SSD RAID1.
Gwaji
Yi kwaikwayon OLTP aikin rubuta-rubutu;
300GB girman bayanai;
4 ma'aikatan IOMETER na lokaci guda tare da zurfin layi na 32.
Yi kwaikwayon OLTP aikin rubuta-rubutu;
300GB girman bayanai;
4 ma'aikatan IOMETER na lokaci guda tare da zurfin layi na 32.
An gudanar da gwaje-gwajen karatu da rubutu da yawa a cikin nau'ikan toshe daban-daban - 4 da 8 KB. Ga kowane girman toshe, bi da bi, an gudanar da gwaje-gwaje a ayyukan karantawa 100%, haka kuma a cikin ayyukan karantawa kashi 70% da ayyukan rubutu 30%. Gwaje-gwajen da ke da alaƙa da haɓaka aiki ta amfani da caching an gudanar da su na daƙiƙa 900 (minti 15) don samar da isasshen lokaci don cache ɗin ya zama cikakke kuma ya samar da ingantaccen sakamako.
Ma'aunin aiki a cikin IOPS (ayyukan shigar da fitarwa a sakan daya):
Sabar/tsari a ƙarƙashin gwaji
4KB RR
100% Karanta
4KB RR
70% Karanta 30% Rubuta
8KB RR
100% Karanta
8KB RR
70% Karanta 30% Rubuta
Dell R730xD (babu cache)
1650
974
1540
1040
HP ProLiant DL380 (babu cache)
1370
628
1322
630
Dell R730xD
tare da DAS Cache
138884
66483
98368
56641
HP ProLiant DL380
tare da SmartCache
41273
33534
35984
39396
Dell R730xD tare da
DAS Cache da
NVMe PCIe SSD
264750
158157
257150
104490
Ma'aunin aiki a cikin % mai sarrafawa:
Sabar/tsari a ƙarƙashin gwaji
4KB RR
100% Karanta
4KB RR
70% Karanta 30% Rubuta
8KB RR
100% Karanta
8KB RR
70% Karanta 30% Rubuta
Dell R730xD (babu cache)
0,4%
0,28%
0,42%
0,3%
HP ProLiant DL380 (babu cache)
0,8%
0,5%
0,8%
0,5%
Dell R730xD
tare da DAS Cache
13%
8,8%
11,34%
7,83%
HP ProLiant DL380
tare da SmartCache
6%
6%
5%
5%
Dell R730xD tare da
DAS Cache da
NVMe PCIe SSD
16%
10,1%
16%
5,78%
Sakamakon gwaji yana nuna gagarumin nasarorin aiki don dandamali na Dell R730xd lokacin amfani da cache cache na SanDisk DAS idan aka kwatanta da HPE SmartCache, kuma tallafin NVMe PCIe SSD yana ba da fa'idodi mafi girma. A cikin simintin OLTP, R730xd ya nuna har zuwa sau 3 mafi girma IOPS saboda amfani da SanDisk DAS Cache da SAS SSDs kuma sau 6 mafi girma saboda amfani da SanDisk DAS Cache + NVMe PCIe SSDs idan aka kwatanta da SmartCache na HPE. Mafi girman amfani da CPU tare da SanDisk DAS Cache, kuma har ma mafi girman amfani da CPU tare da SanDisk DAS Cache + NVMe PCIe SSDs, shine kawai sakamakon ƙidayar IOPS mafi girma. kuma, akasin haka, yana nuna mafi kyawun amfani da albarkatun sarrafawa.
Don haka, idan a cikin HP tare da 6% amfani da sakamakon a IOPS shine 41 dubu, wato, 1% na kayan aikin sarrafawa ana cinyewa a cikin IOPS dubu 0,15, to, a cikin yanayin Dell R730xd muna da 16% amfani a 264 dubu, wanda yana ba da ingantacciyar alama - 0,06% na albarkatun sarrafawa a cikin 1000 IOPS.
Wato, dangane da amfani da na'ura mai kwakwalwa, Dell kuma ya zama mafi kyau (sau 2,5), kodayake yana da ƙimar amfani da na'ura wanda ya fi % girma, amma, kamar yadda muka iya tabbatarwa, wannan sakamakon aiki ne kawai. a muhimmanci ya fi girma yawan ayyuka, sabili da haka mafi yawan aiki.
Don haka, dandamali na Dell R730xd ya zama mafi inganci fiye da HP ProLiant DL380 (sau da yawa), duka dangane da aiki da ƙimar farashi.
Sakamako na Geekbanch 3 gwajin Dell R730xd tare da E5-2640 v4 processor ko me yasa umarnin sarrafawa da cache mai sarrafawa suke da mahimmanci.
Kamar yadda muke iya gani a sama. za mu iya cimma matsakaicin sakamako kawai lokacin da abubuwa uku - ikon sarrafa kwamfuta, ajiya da sadarwar - sun daidaita, kamar yadda yuwuwar ƙullun da zai iya faruwa a cikin tsarin da ba shi da daidaituwa ya ragu.
Amma abin da kuma yake da mahimmanci shine goyon bayan mai sarrafa dandamali don umarni da yawa da ingancin su. Na riga na ambata a sama cewa bambance-bambancen da ba su da mahimmanci a cikin tsararraki na iya taka muhimmiyar rawa a wasu lokuta. Don haka, bisa ga sakamakon gwaje-gwaje masu zaman kansu, E5-2650 v4 da muke bayarwa shine 70% mafi inganci a yanayin ɓoye (umarnin AES) fiye da E5-2650 v3.
Menene to game da mafita na "dadi" daga masu fafatawa daga masu fafatawa, amma ba sashin ƙima ba? Me yasa mafitarmu ta fi kyau? Me yasa mafitarmu ke da kima? Amsar mai sauki ce - sabobin mu sun kasance kuma suna daidaita. Ko da a baya suna da ƙananan mitoci ko ƙananan adadin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, koyaushe suna daidaita daidai da sigogi uku da aka kwatanta a sama. Ciki har da ingantaccen cibiyar bayanai tare da takaddun shaida da ake buƙata ta ɓangaren kamfanoni da kyawawan hanyoyin sadarwa na waje waɗanda ke ba da ƙarancin jinkiri daga Netherlands, duka zuwa sauran Turai, da Rasha da Ukraine, har ma
Amma yanzu mun yi tayin gasa dangane da waɗannan alamomi, a cikin wurare 10 a lokaci ɗaya, ɗaya a cikin Netherlands da wurare 9 a Amurka, amma kada muyi magana game da mu, bari mu kalli gwajin. Abin takaici, wannan gwajin a halin yanzu yana samuwa ne kawai don sigar E5-2640 v4, tare da 10, ba 12 ba, don dandalinmu.
Shi, ba shakka, ba sosai haƙiƙa, tun da shi ba ya la'akari da duk abũbuwan amfãni daga cikin dandali, guda SanDisk DAS cache da muka yi magana game da, ainihin yi Manuniya na iya zama mafi kyau fiye da roba na musamman. kaso, da! Amma har yanzu yana yiwuwa a sami ɗan fahimta.
Bari mu kula da umarni da yawa. Mafi nuni na iya zama AES da aka riga aka ambata, a kusan mitoci iri ɗaya bambancin tsakanin ƙimar na 1st core na iya zama har zuwa sau 1000 dangane da mai sarrafawa, sauran umarnin da aka kwatanta sun nuna bambance-bambance a cikin ƙima daga ƙima. da yawa zuwa sau 100.
Kuna iya yin shi da kanku da yin kwatancen, amma kar ka manta cewa wannan gwajin ba shi da cikakkiyar ma'ana, tun da yake baya la'akari da kayan aikin gabaɗaya, amma galibi yana nuna mai sarrafawa.
Duk da haka, ina fatan waɗannan sakamakon za su iya zama masu amfani a gare ku yayin nazarin tasirin wani bayani na musamman.
Yin amfani da sabobin Dell R730xd azaman Bare Metal, mafi kyawu!
Wasu abokan cinikinmu sun yanke shawarar yin watsi da amfani da mafitacin girgije na VMware don neman mafita na Bare Metal (sabar ƙarfe) kuma dandamali na Dell R730xd ya taimaka musu da yawa a cikin wannan. Kuma muna magana a nan ba kawai game da gizagizai na jama'a ba, har ma game da masu zaman kansu.
Me ya sa mutane suke ƙara yin irin waɗannan shawarwari? Game da gizagizai na jama'a, komai ya fi ko žasa bayyananne. Ni kaina na ɗauki gizagizai na jama'a a matsayin babban tallace-tallace, idan wani abu ya faɗo a can (kuma duk girgije ya faɗi nan da nan ko kuma daga baya), ya fadi a can na dogon lokaci. Misali shi ne sanannen Amazon, wanda a lokaci guda ya kwanta na kwanaki da yawa tare da wani muhimmin sabis na tattara bayanan likita na telemetric, ciki har da bayanai game da yanayin zuciya na marasa lafiya da ke amfani da na'urar bugun zuciya, wanda likitoci ke kula da su, da dama. mutane sun mutu ... Kuma a kwanan nan, lokacin da kamfaninmu na Bitrix ke kwance, ya zama dalilin cewa ma'aikatan da ke kashe wasu na'urori, a sakamakon wani nau'i, sun kashe nodes fiye da wajibi. yana shafar nodes na gudanarwa, sakamakon abin da aka sake kunna na'urori masu mahimmanci a cikin sa'o'i 5 saboda girman girman gungu ... Amma wannan ba shine kawai matsalar da za ta yiwu ba; yana iya faruwa cewa ba zato ba tsammani ka sami "bottleneck" saboda amfani. na gajimare ta wasu ayyuka ko rashin ikon sarrafa kayan aikin cikin sauri don biyan bukatun ku.
Idan ya zo ga gajimare masu zaman kansu, a ka'idar, haɓakawa yana sauƙaƙe samuwa da dawo da bala'i. A aikace, akwai yanayi da yawa inda wannan kawai ba shi da ma'ana:
Idan akwai matsalolin fasaha akan kumburi, 15-30 minutes downtime yana karɓa.
Ba duk ayyukan ba ne ke buƙatar lokacin aiki na kusan 100%, ban da ƴan makaranta waɗanda suka saba biyan dala kuma suna buƙatar 100%. Ga wasu ayyuka, 99,9% tabbataccen lokacin aiki ya fi zaɓi karɓuwa. Domin 0,1% rashin samuwa na matsakaicin mintuna 44 a kowane wata, wanda zai iya faruwa saboda wasu dalilai marasa tsari - saboda gazawar hardware ko rashin samun hanyar sadarwa. Muna ba da garantin lokacin ci gaba na cibiyar sadarwa a 99,99% don daidaitaccen mafita, wanda ke ba da damar rashin samuwa na mintuna 4 kawai kowane wata. Idan uwar garken an haɗa shi da tashoshi masu zaman kansu guda 2 waɗanda ke ratsa ta nodes ɗin sadarwa daban-daban kuma waɗanda zirga-zirgarsu ke sarrafa su ta hanyar cibiyoyi masu zaman kansu, tabbataccen lokacin aikin hanyar sadarwa yana ƙaruwa sau da yawa. Wannan yana ba da damar biyan buƙatun lokaci na har ma da bankuna waɗanda rashin samun kusan mintuna 40 a kowace shekara yana da karɓa, daidai da takaddun shaida. A zahiri, lokutan rashin samuwa ba su da yawa. A cikin shekaru 5 na aiki tare da cibiyar bayanai, ba a taɓa samun lokacin da duk sabar ba ta kasance a lokaci guda ba saboda matsaloli tare da hanyar sadarwa ko wutar lantarki. Ko da a lokacin da aka yi duhu a duniya a cikin Netherlands kuma wasu cibiyoyin bayanai da yawa sun zama babu samuwa - wasu sun manta da man fetur na diesel, wasu ba su da isasshen wutar lantarki ta UPS, a cikin cibiyar bayanan mu kawai kasa da kashi ɗaya cikin dari na sabobin ya zama babu samuwa na gajeren lokaci. tsawon lokaci. Wasu daga cikin sabar da abokan ciniki ke haya daga gare mu, ko da sun tsufa, da alama sun tsufa, wanda ya fi dacewa da kasawa fiye da sababbin hanyoyin magancewa, ba a sake kunna su ba ko da sau ɗaya a cikin shekaru 3, kamar yadda a cikin shekaru 3 ba a taɓa rasa net ba. . Shin rashin samun mintuna 30 an yarda da shi har tsawon shekaru 3? Fiye da, har ma ga bankuna.
Kuma wata tambaya mai ma'ana ta taso, me yasa sai an biya fiye da kima? Yana tafiya ba tare da faɗi cewa bai kamata ku dogara da dama ba kuma koyaushe yakamata ku ci gaba daga ƙa'idar tanadin ma'ana. Babban ka'idar da na gano ita ce mai zuwa: ajiyar kuɗin bai kamata ya wuce asarar da za ta iya faruwa a cikin yanayin rashin samuwa ba saboda rashin irin wannan ajiyar. Wato, idan lokacin da aka ba da garanti ya ba da damar rashin samun mintuna 40 a kowane wata, kuma idan babu samuwa a cikin irin wannan lokacin, asarar za ta kai dala ɗari da yawa ko ma dala dubu - hayar ƙarin bayani don ƙara garantin lokacin aiki kawai. ba ma'ana. Domin a zahiri, sabobin ba zai kasance a kowane wata ba na tsawon mintuna 40; Minti 40 na rashin samuwa garanti ne, mafi munin yanayi. Wanda ba a aiwatar da shi kowane wata, kamar yadda aikin ya nuna.
Ta wannan hanyar, sabobin na iya zama mahimmanci ba tare da kasancewa mai mahimmancin manufa ba, kuma lokacin da masu aikin ba su damu da canza kaya da hannu zuwa wani sabar da aka keɓe ba, za mu iya guje wa rikitattun abubuwan gina gungu mai gazawa da ma'ajiyar gazawar da aka raba.
Ba za a yarda da ƙarancin aiki ba yayin lokacin aiki. Yawancin abokan cinikinmu suna zaɓar mafita na ƙarfe na ƙarfe daga Dell daidai wannan dalili; yana da arha da fa'ida don amfani da cikakken kayan aiki yayin aiki daidaitaccen aiki, wanda kusan ba zai yuwu ba, kamar yadda muka riga muka tattauna, fiye da biyan kuɗin girgije. zaɓi da kuma irin wannan aikin a cikin girgije, wanda zai biya sau da yawa fiye da ƙaddamar da ƙaddamarwa. Gajimare da tari kawai ba za su iya biyan buƙatun albarkatun ba kuma ba za su yi tasiri mai tsada ga irin waɗannan abokan ciniki ba.
Masu biyan kuɗi ba sa son biyan kuɗi da yawa don sabis tare da iyakataccen iyakoki. Yawancin abokan cinikinmu ƙananan kamfanoni ne waɗanda ba su da sassan fasaha na kansu da kuma ba da kuɗi don siyan kayan aikin nasu. Sayen kayan masarufi zai iya zama musu rauni na gaske kuma ba su samar da isasshen aiki ba, tunda a tsawon lokaci na'urar tana son zama tsoho, kuma abin kunya ne a jefar da kayan masarufi masu tsada ko da bayan shekaru 3, a lokacin da kamfanin ya girma kuma wani abu mafi kyau. ake bukata. Idan ka yi hayan Dell R730xd daga gare mu, kuna da damar canzawa zuwa wani sabar a kowane lokaci ko bayan shekara idan kun zaɓi zaɓin haya tare da kwangila na shekara guda. Haka kuma, akwai damar yin ajiya akan biyan lasisin VMware.
Amfani da Dell R730xd Servers don Sabar Database
Yawancin abokan cinikinmu da ke amfani da waɗannan sabar bayanai sun kasance suna son wannan dandamali. Kuma ba wai kawai saboda, ba kamar Dell R730 ba, ana iya ba da sigar xd tare da goyan bayan fa'idodin NVMe PCIe SSD, waɗanda ke ba da ƙarancin latency, wanda ke da mahimmanci ga irin waɗannan mafita. Amma kuma saboda mai sarrafawa yana da inganci sosai yayin aiki koda tare da 2,5 ″ SSDs na al'ada waɗanda muke bayarwa ga abokan ciniki.
Tabbas, akwai kuma koma baya a cikin Dell R730xd - akwai mai sarrafawa 1 kawai, yayin da Dell R730 tare da faifai 26 yana amfani da masu sarrafa kayan masarufi 2. Amma wannan ba babbar matsala ba ce, tun da mun zaɓi dandamali tare da 12 drive bays sabili da haka ba za ku sami ƙwanƙwasa a cikin nau'in ƙarancin aikin mai sarrafawa lokacin aiki tare da wannan dandamali da adadi mai yawa na SSDs. Kuma fa'ida a cikin nau'in ikon shigar da NVMe PCIe SSD gaba ɗaya ya rufe wannan koma baya.
Kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, ba kowa ba ne ke buƙatar hadaddun tarin bayanai; aikin da wannan dandali zai iya samarwa ya fi mahimmanci. Ɗaya daga cikin abokan cinikinmu ya yi haka, ya watsar da wuce gona da iri na ƙirƙira da gina hadaddun gungu, hayar VPS tare da keɓaɓɓun kayan aiki don adana bayanai daga babban uwar garken Dell R730xd: Tabbas, idan aka sami matsala tare da babban kumburi, za a sami raguwar aiki kuma za a sami buƙatar sauyawa ta hannu, duk da haka, wannan shine mafi ƙarancin farashi mai inganci, idan aka ba da ƙarancin kasafin kuɗi.
Ba ma ƙarfafa kowa ya yi irin wannan tanadi ba; a wasu lokuta ma yana da hujja sosai. Koyaya, ta hanyar haɓaka kasafin kuɗi da kawai $ 230 a kowane wata, zaku iya samun nau'in E5-2650 v4 node iri ɗaya kuma ku haɗa su tare a cikin hanyar sadarwar gida ta 20-Gigabit, wanda, bisa ƙa'ida, zai ba ku damar gina ƙaramin gungu tare da latency mai karɓa. koda ba tare da amfani da faifan PCIe NVMe SSD ba.
Maganin kanta zai yi kama da haka (tare da saitin kayan aiki na asali):
Dell R730xd 2 x Intel Dodeca-Core Xeon E5-2650 v4 128GB DDR4 6x480GB SSD 1Gbps 100 TV + Intel X540-T2 20GBPS LAN - $289/wata
Dell R730xd 2 x Intel Dodeca-Core Xeon E5-2650 v4 128GB DDR4 6x480GB SSD 1Gbps 100 TV + Intel X540-T2 20GBPS LAN - $289/wata
Ƙara yawan su don ƙara yawan aiki ba koyaushe yana da ma'ana ba. Don haka, yayin gwaje-gwaje tare da bayanan bayanai, mun gano cewa mafita tare da 8 SSDs shine kawai 4% mafi inganci fiye da mafita tare da 35 SSDs.
Dangane da matakan RAID da aka ba da shawarar, RAID5 na iya zama mafi kyau a wasu lokuta. Tabbas, RAID10 yana ba da mafi kyawun aiki, amma menene idan abubuwan tafiyarwa suna da sauri sosai cewa yin amfani da su a cikin RAID10 zai haifar da mai sarrafawa ya zama kwalabe? A irin waɗannan lokuta, gina HW RAID RAID5 yana da fa'ida da yawa ta amfani da fayafai masu zafi fiye da RAID10 (idan manufar ba shine rasa rabin keɓaɓɓen keɓaɓɓen keɓaɓɓen keɓaɓɓen SSD ba).
Shin ina buƙatar cache mai sarrafawa don kunna ko yana da kyau a kashe shi? Mai sarrafa RAID yana da iyakataccen adadin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, menene 1GB lokacin aiki tare da SSD? A cikin lokuta tare da SSDs masu sauri, babu ma'ana a kunna cache na karantawa, tunda ta hanyar cika ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya tare da ayyukan karantawa, wanda ba zai zama da sauri ba, tunda SSDs sun riga sun yi saurin isa, ba ma barin isasshen rubutun cache, kuma , kamar yadda aka sani, a cikin SSDs masu tsada - ƙwanƙwasa shine rubuta ayyukan aiki, saboda raguwar aiki saboda rashin isasshen samarwa da 100% amfani da keɓaɓɓen keɓaɓɓen kyauta (digo goma yana yiwuwa). Don haka, muna ba da shawarar barin cache ɗin rubutu kawai yana kunna. Ta haka tabbatar da iyakar ingancin wannan maganin.
Shin NTFS toshe girman da gaske yana da mahimmanci? Don yawancin ma'ajiyar, 64KB ana nuna shi azaman mafi kyawun girman toshe don iyakar aiki. Amma sau da yawa muna fuskantar lokuta inda abokin ciniki ya riga ya yi amfani da uwar garken bayanai, ta amfani da tsarin farko tare da daidaitaccen girman gungu na NTFS na 4KB. Don gyara wannan kuna buƙatar sake fasalin abubuwan tafiyarwa, amma shin bambancin gaske ne babba a cikin yanayin gabaɗaya? Shin kuna buƙatar fallasa kanku ga yiwuwar raguwar lokaci da rashin jin daɗi masu alaƙa da ƙaura?
Mai sarrafawa a cikin uwar garken Dell R730xd yana ba da irin wannan kyakkyawan aiki har ma da 4 SSD drives kuma an kunna cache rubutu (mahimmin mahimmanci, cache ɗin karantawa yakamata a kashe shi saboda baya samar da fa'ida, amma yana rage ingancin ayyukan rubutawa kawai. ga rashin sarari don cikakken cache, kamar yadda aka nuna a sama), cewa ko da tare da daidaitaccen girman toshe na 4KB, muna samun alamun aiki mai kyau sosai, mai kyau sosai.
Duk da haka, koyaushe muna shirye mu hadu kuma a shirye muke mu ba da irin wannan dandamali na ɗan lokaci don masu biyan kuɗi don aiwatar da aiki idan wani abu ba a la'akari da su ba.
RAMdrive har yanzu ya zama mafi sauri fiye da na'urorin SSD. Idan za a iya sarrafa tambayoyinku a cikin TempDB, kamar rarrabawa ko haɗawa, to amfani da RAMdisk (shirin da ke juya ɓangaren RAM ɗin ku zuwa ajiya) na iya zama da amfani sosai. Don haka, idan aka kwatanta saurin tafiyar 8 SSD a cikin RAID10 tare da RAMdrive, mun gano cewa kusan sau 4 cikin sauri don ayyukan rubutu na 4K tare da zurfin layin 32, wanda daidai yake kwaikwayon aikin fayilolin TempDB. Ko da haɗa 8 SSDs cikin RAID0 bai yiwu a doke sakamakon RAMdrive ba.
RAID5 a yanayin tafiyar 8 SSD na iya zama mafi inganci fiye da RAID10. 4K yana karantawa tare da zurfin layi na 32 shine kusan 40% sauri, wanda ba abin mamaki bane idan aka ba da fasalin RAID5. RAID5 ya yi nasara a cikin wasan kwaikwayon a wasu gwaje-gwaje, alal misali, tare da rubuce-rubucen jeri yana da 20%, yana da ƙasa kawai a cikin 4K rubuta ayyukan tare da zurfin layi mai zurfi (a cikin yanayinmu 32) kuma ya zama ƙasa da 30%. Don haka amfani da RAID5 na iya a wasu lokuta ya zama barata ta fuskar tattalin arziki.
Ƙarin ajiya ba koyaushe yana nufin sauri ba. Lokacin da muke ma'amala da ƙananan ayyuka bazuwar, ƙara abubuwan tuƙi zuwa tsararru fiye da ƙayyadaddun iyaka baya inganta aiki kwata-kwata. Zai ze me yasa? Ya bayyana cewa duk abin da ya dogara da damar da mai sarrafawa, wanda aka tilasta rubuta bayanai zuwa dukan gungu na tafiyarwa. Abin da ya sa muka sayi dandamali tare da matsakaicin faifai 12, don rage yuwuwar cikas. Koyaya, kuna buƙatar duba ƙarfin aiki a cikin kowane aikin, wani lokacin manyan fayafai 4, in ji 960GB, na iya zama mafita mafi inganci kuma mafi tsada fiye da tarin faifan 480GB.
Amfani da Dell R730xd Servers don Aerospike NoSQL Data Servers
Aerospike buɗaɗɗen tushen bayanan NoSQL ne wanda aka inganta shi don saurin gudu da haɓakawa. An tsara Aerospike don samar da ƙarancin jinkiri don buƙatun karantawa da nauyin rubutu mai nauyi, wanda ya gamsar da buƙatun kasuwanci na zamani waɗanda ke buƙatar ikon ɗaukar manyan lambobi na ayyukan I/O. Aerospike kai tsaye yana sarrafa ma'ajiyar gida akan nodes ɗin ta, ba tare da la'akari da tsarin fayil na kafofin watsa labarai ba, ya kasance DRAM, filasha ko faifai na gargajiya. Wannan yana ba da damar adana bayanai masu mahimmanci a kan mafi sauri kafofin watsa labarai inda aiki da sauri ya fi mahimmanci, yayin da yanayin da aka rarraba na Aerospike yana tabbatar da babban matsayi na aminci a yayin da ya faru na cluster nodes.
Sabbin sabar PowerEdge R13xd na Dell na ƙarni na 730 suna ba da ƙarfin ƙididdiga mai ban mamaki tare da sabbin na'urori na E5-2650 v4 da sauri DDR4 SDRAM. Kuma ikon yin amfani da NVMe SSDs, kamar Samsung SM1715, na iya taimakawa samun babban aiki tare da ƙarancin latency a cikin nodes tare da manyan lodi. Wannan ya sa ya yiwu a bi ka'idodin SLA na zamani don lokacin sarrafawa na ma'amala ɗaya tare da ingantaccen matakin kariya daga zamba har ma a cikin manyan ma'ajin bayanai, yana mai da mafita mai karɓuwa har ma ga ɓangaren kuɗi da canja wurin banki, inda wasu lokuta ana yin ciniki. cikin sa'o'i da yawa ko ma kwanaki.
Ga sashin banki, zamu iya ba da mafita dangane da waɗannan dandamali tare da hanyar sadarwa na gida na 40 da 100 Gbit / s tsakanin nodes na tari da kuma amfani da maɓalli masu dacewa.
Amfani da sabobin Dell R730xd a cikin cibiyoyin sadarwar DMZ
Mun yi farin cikin ba masu biyan kuɗin mu mafi girman matakan tsaro. Cibiyoyin bayanai inda muke ba da waɗannan sabar suna da takaddun shaida da yawa: , , , и .
Amma don biyan buƙatun Google guda ɗaya, wasu abokan ciniki suna buƙatar gina abubuwan da ake kira cibiyoyin sadarwa na zamani (DMZ networks) - cibiyoyin sadarwa tare da ƙarin tsaro, wanda ke nuna kasancewar bangon bangon hardware wanda ke iyakance damar yin amfani da kayan aiki kuma yana ba ku damar. ɓoye abubuwan da suka wajaba a bayan Tacewar zaɓi kuma ƙarin haɓaka aminci.
Kuma komai yana da kyau lokacin da aka ba da umarnin irin wannan mafita nan da nan, amma yana da matukar wahala a aiwatar da sauyi tare da kusan babu raguwa a cikin tsarin, wanda kwanan nan ya faru ga ɗaya daga cikin abokan cinikinmu, tare da aikin sarrafa aikace-aikacen visa ga 'yan ƙasa daga ƙasashe daban-daban. na duniya, inda babu isarsu ko da a cikin sa'o'i na iya haifar da asarar dubunnan daloli. Amma mun sami mafita, muka je taro, muka sanya ƙarin kayan aiki a cikin kabad, muna motsa kayan aikin da ba su da mahimmanci, sannan muka kunna wuta bisa tsarin, kamar yadda abokin ciniki ya so, don ya sami damar yin hijira ba tare da bata lokaci ba.
Ya kasance / zama
Wataƙila wannan makirci kuma zai zama da amfani ga wani yayin aiwatar da irin wannan ƙaura, tunda injiniyoyi a cikin cibiyoyin bayanai ba koyaushe suke son ganin abubuwa masu ma'ana ba, amma suna dagewa akan lokacin saukarwa na 2-hour don canzawa a bayan Tacewar zaɓi, amma ina tambayar ku da kirki - oda hardware Firewall duk a gaba idan kana bukatar shi. Mu masu sassauƙa ne kuma koyaushe a shirye muke mu ɗauka, amma a wasu yanayi ƙarfinmu na iya iyakancewa.
A cikin wallafe-wallafen nan gaba, za mu yi ƙoƙari mu gudanar da ƙarin gwaje-gwaje da yawa da kuma raba ƙarin kwarewa ta amfani da waɗannan dandamali wanda zai kara inganta fahimtar zaɓin mafi kyawun bayani. Bayan haka, yana da ban mamaki don ganin gaskiyar cewa RAID0 na faifan SSD guda biyu, a cikin lokuta na bayanan bayanai tare da babban nauyi, na iya zama mai hankali fiye da nau'in rubutun daban, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa muke karɓar buƙatun NVMe PCIe SSD daga lokaci. zuwa lokaci. Wataƙila za mu nuna mafi kyawun yanayi don aiwatar da mafita, raba ƙarin gogewa yayin gina tsararrun RAID da yawa a cikin mai sarrafa RAID guda ɗaya yana da tasiri, kuma a cikin waɗanne lokuta nau'ikan RAID10 masu zaman kansu guda biyu na 4 tafiyarwa za su kasance mafi kyau fiye da tsararrun RAID10 guda ɗaya. 8. Yaushe zai yi tasiri don amfani da RAID1 don TempDB, da RAID5 don komai. Kuma ta yaya za ku yi ba tare da NVMe PCIe SSD ba yayin da kuke da iyakacin kasafin kuɗi.
Dell R730xd: kari ga masu karatun Habrahabr
Muna son samar muku da mafi kyawun kuma mun yi komai don wannan ta hanyar ba da farashi na musamman don Dell R730xd:
- a cikin Netherlands
- kuma a Amurka
Tsarin tsari na iya zama daban-daban, alal misali, Ana samun waɗannan abubuwan don kunnawa kai tsaye a cikin Netherlands::
Dell R730xd 2 x Intel Dodeca-Core Xeon E5-2650 v4 128GB DDR4 6×480 SSD 1Gbps 100 TV -*$249
Dell R730xd 2 x Intel Dodeca-Core Xeon E5-2650 v4 128GB DDR4 12×240 SSD 1Gbps 100 TV -*$249
Dell R730xd 2 x Intel Dodeca-Core Xeon E5-2650 v4 128GB DDR4 4x4TB 4x480 SSD 1Gbps 100 TV - * $ 249
Dell R730xd 2 x Intel Dodeca-Core Xeon E5-2650 v4 128GB DDR4 12x4TB SATA 1Gbps 100 TV - * $249
Kuma sadaukarwar 1Gbps Unmetered na gaskiya (ban da zirga-zirga) yana samuwa gare su akan + $120 / wata. Ƙari da damar da za a siyan bangon wuta, katunan cibiyar sadarwa, sauyawa da gina cibiyar sadarwar gida mai yawan gigabit. Amma yanayin farashin ya shafi kwangilar shekara guda.
Muna so mu inganta yanayin kuma mu ba da kyauta don biyan kuɗi na gajeren lokaci da haya ba tare da kwangila ba, yin tayin mafi araha. Duk wanda ya ba da oda kuma ya biya kowane zaɓin da aka tsara a cikin Netherlands na tsawon wata 1, za mu bayar daidai uwar garken guda ɗaya na wata 1 gaba ɗaya kyauta, ko kuma za mu sake ƙididdige tsarin da aka ba da umarni kuma mu lissafta uwar garken da aka ba da umarni a farashin daidai da kwangilar shekara-shekara ($ 249 / watan maimakon $ 369 / watan), yana mayar da bambanci zuwa ma'auni. Don yin wannan, kawai bar lambar odar ku a cikin sharhi. Ga waɗanda har yanzu ba su balaga ba don sadaukarwa mafita, muna ba da hayan kowane VPS (KVM) tare da keɓaɓɓun abubuwan tafiyarwa a cikin Netherlands ko Amurka akan waɗannan dandamali, misali, , da karɓar kari na watanni 1-4 na amfani lokacin biyan kuɗi na watanni 1, 3, 6, 12, bi da bi, yana nuna lambar tsari a cikin sharhi. Yanzu gina ababen more rayuwa ya zama mai sauƙi!
source: www.habr.com