SAP HANA sanannen DBMS ne na ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya wanda ya haɗa da sabis na ajiya (Data Warehouse) da nazari, ginanniyar tsaka-tsaki, sabar aikace-aikacen, da dandamali don daidaitawa ko haɓaka sabbin kayan aiki. Ta hanyar kawar da latency na DBMS na gargajiya tare da SAP HANA, zaku iya haɓaka aikin tsarin, sarrafa ma'amala (OLTP) da bayanan kasuwanci (OLAP).
Kuna iya tura SAP HANA a cikin kayan aiki da hanyoyin TDI (idan muka yi magana game da yanayin samarwa). Ga kowane zaɓi, mai ƙira yana da bukatun kansa. A cikin wannan sakon za mu yi magana game da abũbuwan amfãni da rashin amfani na zaɓuɓɓuka daban-daban, da kuma, don tsabta, game da ainihin ayyukanmu tare da SAP HANA.
SAP HANA ya ƙunshi manyan sassa 3 - mai watsa shiri, misali da tsarin.
Mai watsa shiri uwar garken ko yanayin aiki don gudanar da SAP HANA DBMS. Abubuwan da ake buƙata su ne CPU, RAM, ajiya, cibiyar sadarwa da OS. Mai watsa shiri yana ba da hanyoyin haɗi zuwa kundin adireshi na shigarwa, bayanai, rajistan ayyukan, ko kai tsaye zuwa tsarin ajiya. A lokaci guda, tsarin ajiya don shigar da SAP HANA ba dole ba ne ya kasance a kan mai watsa shiri. Idan tsarin yana da runduna da yawa, kuna buƙatar ko dai ma'ajiyar da aka raba ko ɗaya wanda ke samuwa akan buƙata daga duk runduna.
Misali - saitin tsarin tsarin SAP HANA wanda aka sanya akan runduna ɗaya. Babban abubuwan da ake buƙata sune Sabar Index da Server ɗin Suna. Na farko, wanda kuma ake kira "sabar mai aiki," yana aiwatar da buƙatun, yana sarrafa ma'ajin bayanai na yanzu da injunan bayanai. Sunan Server yana adana bayanai game da topology na shigarwar SAP HANA - inda abubuwan haɗin ke gudana da kuma bayanan da ke kan sabar.
tsarin – wannan shi ne daya ko fiye lokuta tare da wannan lamba. Ainihin, wannan keɓantaccen kashi ne wanda za'a iya kunnawa, kashe shi ko kwafi (ajiye). Ana rarraba bayanan a cikin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar sabar daban-daban waɗanda suka haɗa da tsarin SAP HANA.
Za'a iya daidaita tsarin a matsayin mai watsa shiri guda ɗaya (misali ɗaya akan mai watsa shiri ɗaya) ko mai watsa shiri da yawa, rarraba (ana rarraba lokuta da yawa SAP HANA akan runduna da yawa, tare da misali ɗaya kowane mai watsa shiri). A cikin tsarin runduna da yawa, kowane misali dole ne ya sami lamba ɗaya. An gano tsarin SAP HANA ta hanyar ID na System (SID), lamba ta musamman da ta ƙunshi haruffa haruffa uku.
SAP HANA Virtualization
Ɗaya daga cikin manyan iyakokin SAP HANA shine goyon bayan tsarin guda ɗaya - misali ɗaya tare da SID na musamman. Don amfani da kayan masarufi yadda ya kamata ko rage adadin sabar a cibiyar bayanai, zaku iya amfani da ingantaccen aiki. Ta wannan hanyar, sauran shimfidar wurare na iya zama tare akan sabar iri ɗaya tare da tsarin da ke da ƙananan buƙatu (tsarin da ba sa samarwa). Don uwar garken HA/DR na jiran aiki, haɓakawa na iya haɓaka saurin sauyawa tsakanin injunan kama-da-wane da marasa samarwa.
SAP HANA ya haɗa da goyon baya ga VMWare ESX hypervisor. Wannan yana nufin cewa tsarin SAP HANA daban-daban - SAP HANA shigarwa tare da lambobin SID daban-daban - na iya zama tare a kan runduna guda ɗaya (sabar ta jiki ta gama gari) a cikin injina daban-daban. Dole ne kowane injin kama-da-wane ya gudana akan OS mai tallafi.
Don yanayin samarwa, SAP HANA haɓakawa yana da ƙayyadaddun iyaka:
- Ba a goyan bayan sikelin sikeli ba - za a iya amfani da ƙima kawai tare da tsarin Scale-Up, ya kasance BwoH/DM/SoH ko “tsaftace” SoH;
- Dole ne a aiwatar da ingantaccen aiki a cikin ƙa'idodin da aka kafa don Kayan Aiki ko na'urorin TDI;
- Samun Gabaɗaya (GA) na iya samun na'ura mai kama-da-wane-kamfanonin da ke son yin amfani da haɓakawa tare da yanayin samar da HANA dole ne su shiga cikin shirin Samar da Sarrafa tare da SAP.
A cikin wuraren da ba sa samarwa ba inda waɗannan iyakoki ba su wanzu, ana iya amfani da ƙira don inganta amfani da kayan aiki.
Abubuwan da aka bayar na SAP HANA
Bari mu ci gaba zuwa tura SAP HANA. An bayyana topologies guda biyu anan.
- Sikeli - babban uwar garken. Yayin da tushen HANA ke girma, uwar garken kanta yana girma: adadin CPUs da adadin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya yana ƙaruwa. A cikin mafita tare da Babban Haɓaka (HA) da Farfaɗowar Bala'i (DR), wariyar ajiya ko sabar masu haƙuri dole ne su dace da halayen sabar masu amfani.
- Scale-out - An rarraba dukkan girman tsarin SAP HANA akan sabobin iri ɗaya. Babban uwar garken ya ƙunshi bayanai don uwar garken Fihirisa da Sabar Suna. Sabar bayi ba ta ƙunshi waɗannan bayanai ba - sai dai uwar garken, wanda ke ɗaukar ayyukan Jagora a yayin da babban uwar garken ya gaza. Sabar Index suna sarrafa sassan bayanan da aka ba su kuma suna amsa tambayoyi. Sunan Sabar suna sane da yadda ake rarraba bayanai tsakanin sabar samarwa. Idan HANA ta girma, ana ƙara wani kumburi a cikin tsarin sabar na yanzu. A cikin wannan topology, ya isa a sami kuɗaɗɗen ajiya guda ɗaya don tabbatar da amincin sabar gaba ɗaya.
SAP hardware bukatun
SAP yana da buƙatun kayan masarufi na dole don HANA. Suna da alaƙa da mahalli masu albarka - don waɗanda ba samfura ba, ƙananan halaye sun isa. Don haka, ga abubuwan da ake buƙata don yanayin samarwa:
- CPU Intel Xeon v5 (SkyLake) / 8880/90/94 v4 (Broadwell)
- daga 128 GB RAM don aikace-aikacen BW tare da 2 CPUs, 256 GB tare da 4+ CPUs;
Ƙaddamar da SAP HANA a cikin kayan aiki da hanyoyin TDI
Yanzu bari mu ci gaba don yin aiki kuma muyi magana game da yadda ake aiwatar da SAP HANA a cikin kayan aiki da hanyoyin TDI. Don wannan muna amfani da dandamali na SAP HANA dangane da sabobin BullSequana S da Bullion S, waɗanda SAP ta ba da izini don aiki a cikin waɗannan hanyoyin.
Ƙananan bayanai game da samfurori. BullSequana S dangane da Intel Xeon Scalable ya haɗa da ƙira iri-iri, har zuwa CPUs 32 a cikin sabar guda ɗaya. An gina uwar garken ta amfani da ƙirar ƙira wanda ke ba da haɓaka har zuwa CPUs 32 da adadin GPUs iri ɗaya. RAM - daga 64 GB zuwa 48 TB. Siffofin BullSequana S sun haɗa da tallafin AI na kasuwanci don ingantacciyar aiki, haɓakar ƙididdigar bayanai, ingantattun ƙididdigar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, da haɓakawa tare da haɓakawa da fasahar girgije.
Bullion S ya zo tare da Intel Xeon E7 v4 Family CPUs. Matsakaicin adadin masu sarrafawa shine 16. RAM yana iya daidaitawa daga 128 GB zuwa 24 TB. Yawancin ayyuka na RAS suna ba da babban matakan samuwa ga mahimmin kayan aikin manufa kamar SAP HANA. Bullion S ya dace da haɓaka cibiyar tattara bayanai, gudanar da aikace-aikacen In-Memory, manyan ƙaura ko tsarin gado.
Farashin SAP HANA
Kayan aiki shine maganin da aka riga aka tsara wanda ya haɗa da uwar garke, tsarin ajiya da kuma kunshin software don aiwatar da maɓallin juyawa, tare da sabis na tallafi na tsakiya da kuma matakin da aka yarda da shi. Anan, HANA ta zo azaman kayan masarufi da software da aka riga aka tsara, an haɗa su sosai kuma an tabbatar da su. Na'urar da ke cikin Yanayin Kayan aiki tana shirye don shigarwa a cikin cibiyar bayanai, kuma tsarin aiki, SAP HANA da (idan ya cancanta) an riga an saita ƙarin VMWare kuma an shigar da su.
Takaddun shaida na SAP yana ƙayyade matakin aikin da aka tabbatar, da kuma samfurin CPU, adadin RAM da ajiya. Da zarar an tabbatar, ba za a iya canza tsarin saitin garanti ba. Don ƙaddamar da dandalin HANA, SAP yana ba da zaɓuɓɓuka uku.
- Sikeli-Up BWoH/DM/SoH - sikelin tsaye, wanda ya dace da tsarin guda ɗaya (SID ɗaya). Kayan aiki suna girma ta 256/384 GB farawa daga SAP HANA SPS 11. Wannan rabo yana nuna matsakaicin ƙarfin da CPU ɗaya ke goyan bayan kuma ya zama ruwan dare ga dukan jerin kayan aikin da aka tabbatar. Kayan aiki BWoH / DM / SoH tare da sikelin a tsaye shine manufa don BW akan HANA (BWoH), Data Mart (DM), da SAP Suite akan aikace-aikacen HANA (SoH).
- Scale-Up SoH - Wannan sigar da ta gabata ce mai sauƙi, tare da ƙarancin ƙuntatawa akan adadin RAM. Wannan har yanzu uwar garken ma'auni ne a tsaye, amma matsakaicin adadin RAM na masu sarrafawa 2 ya riga ya zama 1536 GB (har zuwa sigar SPS11) da 3 TB (SPS12+). Ya dace da SoH kawai.
- Sikeli-Fita - Wannan zaɓi ne a kwance a kwance, tsarin da ke goyan bayan saitunan uwar garken da yawa. Sikelin kwance yana da kyau ga BW kuma, tare da wasu iyakoki, don SoH.
A cikin sabobin BullSequana S da Bullion S, sikeli a tsaye shine abin da aka fi mayar da hankali saboda yana da ƙarancin iyakoki na aiki kuma yana buƙatar ƙarancin gudanarwa. Don yanayin Kayan aiki akwai babban kewayon na'urori daban-daban.
Maganin BullSequana S don SAP HANA a cikin Yanayin Kayan aiki
* Zabi E7-8890/94v4
Bullion S mafita don SAP HANA a cikin Yanayin Kayan aiki
Duk mafita na Bull a cikin Yanayin Kayan aiki daga SAP HANA SPS 12 an ba su bokan. An shigar da kayan aikin a cikin madaidaicin 19-inch 42U rack, tare da samar da wutar lantarki guda biyu - PDUs na ciki. Sabar masu zuwa suna da takaddun shaida na SAP:
- BullSequana S tare da Intel Xeon Skylake 8176, 8176M, 8180, 8180M (masu sarrafawa tare da harafin "M" suna goyan bayan 128 GB na ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya). Dangane da ƙimar ingancin farashi, zaɓuɓɓukan tare da Intel 8176 sun fi kyau
- Bullion S tare da Intel Xeon E7-8880 v4, 8890 da 8894.
Tsarin ajiya yana haɗa kai tsaye zuwa uwar garken ta hanyar tashoshin FC, don haka ba a buƙatar sauyawa SAN a nan. Suna iya zama da amfani don samun damar tsarin da aka haɗa zuwa LAN ko SAN.
Anan ga misalin tsarin tsarin ajiya na EMC Unity 450F a cikin saitin mu:
- Tsawo: 5U (DPE 3U (25 × 2,5 ″ HDD/SSD) + DAE 2U (25 × 2,5 ″ HDD/SSD))
- Masu kula: 2
- Disks: daga 6 zuwa 250 SAS SSD, daga 600 GB zuwa 15.36 TB kowanne.
- RAID: matakin 5 (8+1), ƙungiyoyin RAID 4
- Interface: 4 FC kowane mai sarrafawa, 8 ko 16 Gbit/s
- Software: Unisphere Block Suite
Kayan aiki ingantaccen zaɓi ne na turawa, amma yana da babban koma baya: kadan 'yanci a daidaita hardware. Bugu da ƙari, wannan zaɓi na iya buƙatar canje-canje a cikin matakai na sashen IT.
SAP HANA TDI
Wani madadin kayan aiki shine yanayin TDI (Tailored Data Center Integration), wanda zaku iya zaɓar takamaiman masana'anta da abubuwan abubuwan more rayuwa dangane da burin abokin ciniki - la'akari da ayyukan da aka yi da nauyin aiki. Misali, ana iya sake amfani da SAN a cibiyar bayanai, tare da wasu fayafai da aka keɓe don shigar da HANA.
Idan aka kwatanta da Kayan Aiki, yanayin TDI yana ba mai amfani ƙarin 'yanci don cika buƙatun. Wannan yana sauƙaƙa da haɗin kai na HANA sosai a cikin cibiyar bayanai - zaku iya gina kayan aikin ku na musamman. Misali, bambanta nau'i da adadin na'urori masu sarrafawa dangane da kaya.
Don ƙididdige ƙididdiga, muna ba da shawarar yin amfani da SAP Quick Sizer, kayan aiki mai sauƙi wanda ke ba da CPU da buƙatun ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya don nauyin aiki daban-daban a SAP HANA. Hakanan zaka iya tuntuɓar SAP Active Global Support don tsara yanayin IT ɗin ku. Bayan wannan, abokin aikin SAP HANA hardware yana canza sakamakon lissafin zuwa tsarin tsarin tsarin daban-daban - duka a saman-ƙarshen kuma akan kayan aiki mafi sauƙi. A cikin yanayin TDI don sabobin yana da yarda a yi amfani da Intel E7 CPUs, ciki har da Intel Broadwell E7 da Skylake-SP (Platinum, Zinariya, Azurfa tare da 8 ko fiye da cores a kowace processor), kazalika da IBM Power8./ 9.
Ana ba da sabar ba tare da tsarin ajiya ba, masu sauyawa da racks, amma buƙatun kayan aikin sun kasance iri ɗaya kamar na Yanayin Kayan Aiki - nodes iri ɗaya, mafita tare da sikelin a tsaye ko a kwance. SAP na buƙatar haka kawai ƙwararrun sabar, tsarin ajiya da maɓalli an yi amfani da su, amma wannan ba abin tsoro ba ne - yawancin masana'antun suna da kusan dukkanin kayan aiki.
Ya kamata a yi gwajin aiki ta amfani da gwajin HWCCT (Hardware Configuration Check Tool)., wanda ke ba ka damar duba yarda da wasu SAP KPIs. Kuma akwai abin da ba na hardware ba: HANA, OS da hypervisor (na zaɓi) dole ne a shigar da ƙwararrun ƙwararrun SAP. Tsarukan da suka dace da duk ƙa'idodin da aka jera kawai zasu iya karɓar tallafin aikin SAP.
Layin sabobin BullSequana S a cikin yanayin TDI yayi kama da layin a cikin Yanayin Kayan aiki, amma ba tare da tsarin ajiya ba, masu sauyawa da racks. Kuna iya shigar da kowane tsarin ajiya daga jerin ƙwararrun tsarin SAP - VNX, XtremIO, NetApp da sauransu. Misali, idan VNX5400 ya cika buƙatun aikin SAP HANA, zaku iya haɗa Dell EMC Unity 450F ajiya azaman wani ɓangare na tsarin TDI. Idan ya cancanta, ana shigar da masu adaftar FC (1 ko 10 Gbit/s), da kuma maɓallan Ethernet.
Yanzu, don ku iya tunanin hanyoyin da aka kwatanta, za mu gaya muku game da yawancin shari'o'in mu na gaske.
Kayan aiki + TDI: HANA don kantin kan layi
Shagon kan layi Mall.cz, wani ɓangare na Rukunin Mall, an kafa shi a cikin 2000. Yana da rassa a cikin Jamhuriyar Czech, Slovakia, Poland, Hungary, Slovenia, Croatia da Romania. Wannan shi ne kantin sayar da kan layi mafi girma a kasar, yana sayar da kayayyaki har 75 a kowace rana, kudaden shiga a karshen 2017 ya kai kimanin Yuro miliyan 280.
Ana buƙatar sabunta kayan aikin cibiyar bayanai dangane da ƙaura zuwa SAP HANA. Ƙididdigar girman girman TB 2x6 don mahalli masu ƙima da 6 TB don mahallin gwaji/dev. A lokaci guda, ana buƙatar mafita tare da dawo da bala'i don ingantaccen yanayin SAP HANA a cikin gungu mai aiki.
A lokacin sanarwar tayin, abokin ciniki yana da tsarin don SAP dangane da daidaitattun rack da sabobin ruwa. Cibiyoyin bayanai guda biyu, wanda ke da nisan kilomita 10 daga juna, an sanye su da tsarin ajiya iri-iri - IBM SVC, HP da Dell. Maɓallin tsarin aiki a yanayin dawo da bala'i.
Da farko, abokin ciniki ya buƙaci ingantaccen bayani a cikin Yanayin Kayan aiki don SAP HANA don duk tsarin (Sarrafawa da gwaji / yanayin dev) tare da girma har zuwa 12 TB. Amma saboda ƙuntatawa na kasafin kuɗi, sun fara yin la'akari da wasu zaɓuɓɓuka - alal misali, ƙarin CPUs tare da ƙananan RAM (modules 64 GB maimakon 128 GB). Bugu da ƙari, don inganta farashin, an yi la'akari da ajiyar haɗin gwiwa don Ƙirƙiri da gwajin / dev yanayin.
Mun amince da CPUs 4 da RAM na TB 6 don yanayin samarwa, tare da ɗaki don haɓakawa. Don yanayin gwaji/dev a cikin yanayin TDI, mun yanke shawarar amfani da CPUs marasa tsada - mun ƙare da 8 CPUs da 6 TB na RAM. Saboda yawan yawan ayyukan da abokin ciniki ya buƙaci - maimaitawa, madadin, haɗin gwiwa Production da gwajin / dev mahalli a kan shafin na biyu - maimakon diski na ciki, DellEMC Unity ajiya tsarin an yi amfani da shi a cikin cikakken tsari na walƙiya. Bugu da ƙari, abokin ciniki ya nemi maganin dawo da bala'i bisa ga tsarin HANA tsarin maimaitawa (HSR) tare da kullin ƙididdiga a kan wani wuri na uku.
Tsarin ƙarshe na yanayin Prod ya ƙunshi sabar BullSequana S400 akan Intel Xeon P8176M (Cores 28, 2.10 GHz, 165 W) da 6 TB na RAM. Tsarin ajiya - Unity 450F 10x 3.84 TB. Don dalilai na dawo da bala'i, don yanayin Prod mun yi amfani da BullSequana S400 akan Intel Xeon P8176M (Cores 28, 2.10 GHz, 165 W) tare da 6 TB na RAM. Don yanayin gwaji/dev, mun ɗauki sabar BullSequana S800 tare da Intel Xeon P8153 (cores 16, 2.00 GHz, 125 W) da 6 TB na RAM da tsarin ajiya na Unity 450F 15x 3.84 TB. Kwararrunmu sun girka kuma sun daidaita sabar DellEMC a matsayin adadin ƙididdiga, sabar aikace-aikace (VxRail Magani) da mafita ta madadin (DataDomain).
An shirya kayan aiki don haɓakawa na gaba. Abokin ciniki yana tsammanin girman HANA ya karu a cikin 2019, kuma duk abin da zai yi shine shigar da sabbin kayayyaki a cikin racks.
Kayan aiki: HANA don babban mai haɗa yawon shakatawa
Wannan lokacin abokin cinikinmu ya kasance babban mai ba da sabis na IT haɓaka hanyoyin fasaha don kamfanonin balaguro. Abokin ciniki ya ƙaddamar da aikin SAP HANA mai ban sha'awa don aiwatar da sabon tsarin lissafin kuɗi. Ana buƙatar bayani a cikin Yanayin Kayan Aiki tare da 8 TB na RAM don samarwa da mahalli na PreProd. Dangane da shawarwarin SAP, abokin ciniki ya zaɓi zaɓi na sikelin tsaye.
Babban aikin shine aiwatar da kayan aikin kayan aiki bisa na'urorin da aka tabbatar da su a cikin Yanayin Kayan aiki don SAP HANA. Sharuɗɗan fifiko sune ingancin farashi, babban aiki, haɓakawa da wadatar bayanai.
Mun ba da shawara da aiwatar da ingantaccen bayani na SAP, gami da sabar Bullion S16 guda biyu - don yanayin Prod da PreProd. Kayan aikin suna aiki akan na'urori masu sarrafawa na Intel Xeon E7-v4 8890 (Cores 24, 2.20 GHz, 165 W) kuma an sanye su da TB 16 na RAM. Don yanayin BW da Dev/Test, an shigar da sabobin Bullion S4 guda tara (cores 22, 2.20 GHz, 150 W) tare da 4 TB na RAM. An yi amfani da Haɗin kai na EMC azaman tsarin ajiya.
Wannan bayani yana ba da tallafin ƙira ga duk abubuwan na'urar - alal misali, har zuwa kwasfa 16 tare da Intel Xeon E7-v4 CPU. Gudanarwa a cikin wannan tsarin an sauƙaƙa - musamman, don sake tsarawa ko rarraba sabar.
Kayan aiki + TDI: HANA don masu aikin ƙarfe
MMC Norilsk Nickel, daya daga cikin manyan masu samar da nickel da palladium, ya yanke shawarar sabunta dandalin SAP HANA hardware don tallafawa aikace-aikacen kasuwanci da ayyuka masu mahimmanci. Akwai bukatar fadada yanayin da ake ciki ta fuskar karfin kwamfuta. Ɗaya daga cikin manyan sharuɗɗan da abokin ciniki ya gabatar shine yawan samuwa na dandamali - duk da iyakokin kayan aiki.
Don yanayin samarwa, mun yi amfani da uwar garken Bullion S8 da tsarin ajiya a cikin SAP HANA Yanayin Kayan aiki. Don HA da gwajin / dev, an tura dandamali a cikin yanayin TDI. Mun yi amfani da sabar Bull Bullion S8 guda ɗaya, sabobin Bull Bullion S6 guda biyu da tsarin ajiya na matasan. Wannan haɗin gwiwar ya ba da damar haɓaka saurin aikace-aikace a cikin shimfidar wuri na SAP, ƙara yawan ikon sarrafa kwamfuta da albarkatun adana bayanai, da rage farashin aiki. Yana da mahimmanci cewa abokin ciniki har yanzu yana da ikon haɓaka har zuwa 16 CPUs.
Muna gayyatar ku zuwa Dandalin SAP
A cikin wannan sakon, mun kalli ƙaddamar da SAP HANA ta hanyoyi daban-daban kuma mun yi ƙoƙari mu nuna fa'idodi da rashin amfani da zaɓuɓɓukan da ake da su. Idan kuna da wasu tambayoyi game da aiwatar da SAP HANA, za mu yi farin cikin amsa su a cikin sharhi.
Muna gayyatar duk wanda ke da sha'awar mafita na Bull da kuma yiwuwar aiwatar da su a karkashin SAP HANA zuwa babban taron SAP na shekara: SAP Forum 17 za a gudanar a Moscow a ranar 2019 ga Afrilu. Muna jiran ku a matsayinmu a cikin IoT zone: za mu gaya muku abubuwa masu ban sha'awa da yawa, kuma za mu ba da kyaututtuka da yawa.
Mu hadu a dandalin!
source: www.habr.com