Hai Habr!
A cikin 2017, a lokacin Black Jumma'a, nauyin ya karu da kusan sau ɗaya da rabi, kuma sabobin mu sun kasance a iyakar su. A cikin shekara, adadin abokan ciniki ya karu sosai, kuma ya bayyana a fili cewa ba tare da shiri na farko na hankali ba, dandamali na iya kawai ba zai iya jure wa nauyin 2018 ba.
Mun saita mafi girman buri mai yuwuwa: muna son kasancewa cikin shiri don kowane, har ma da mafi ƙarfi, haɓaka ayyuka kuma mun fara ƙaddamar da sabbin ayyuka a gaba cikin shekara.
CTO Andrey Chizh () ya gaya yadda muka shirya don Black Friday 2018, irin matakan da muka ɗauka don kauce wa faɗuwa, kuma, ba shakka, sakamakon irin wannan shiri mai kyau.
A yau ina so in yi magana game da shirye-shiryen Black Friday 2018. Me yasa yanzu, lokacin da yawancin manyan tallace-tallace suna bayan mu? Mun fara shirya kusan shekara guda kafin manyan abubuwan da suka faru, kuma ta hanyar gwaji da kuskure mun sami mafita mafi kyau. Muna ba da shawarar ku kula da lokutan zafi a gaba kuma ku hana zamba waɗanda za su iya tashi a mafi ƙarancin lokacin da ba su dace ba.
Kayan zai zama da amfani ga duk wanda yake so ya matse matsakaicin riba daga irin waɗannan hannun jari, saboda Bangaren fasaha na batun ba shi da ƙasa da bangaren tallace-tallace a nan.
Siffofin zirga-zirga a manyan tallace-tallace
Sabanin sanannen imani, Black Jumma'a ba rana ɗaya ba ce kawai a shekara, amma kusan duka mako guda: ragi na farko yana zuwa kwanaki 7-8 kafin siyarwa. Zirga-zirgar gidan yanar gizon yana fara girma lafiya a cikin mako, yana kaiwa kololuwar sa a ranar Juma'a kuma yana faɗuwa sosai a ranar Asabar zuwa matakan yau da kullun na kantin.
Wannan yana da mahimmanci a yi la'akari: shagunan kan layi sun zama masu mahimmanci ga kowane "slowdowns" a cikin tsarin. Bugu da ƙari, layin wasiƙar imel ɗin mu kuma ya sami ƙaruwa mai yawa a cikin adadin ƙaddamarwa.
Yana da mahimmanci a gare mu mu bi ta Black Jumma'a ba tare da hadarurruka ba, saboda ... Mafi mahimmancin ayyuka na gidajen yanar gizo da wasiƙun ajiya sun dogara da aikin dandamali, wato:
- Bibiya da bayar da shawarwarin samfur,
- Bayar da kayan da ke da alaƙa (misali, hotuna na ƙirar tubalan shawarwari, kamar kibau, tambura, gumaka da sauran abubuwan gani),
- Samar da hotunan samfurin girman da ake buƙata (don waɗannan dalilai muna da "ImageResizer" - tsarin ƙasa wanda ke zazzage hoto daga uwar garken kantin sayar da kayayyaki, matsa shi zuwa girman da ake buƙata kuma, ta hanyar caching sabobin, yana samar da hotunan girman da ake buƙata don kowane samfur a ciki. kowane toshe shawarwarin).
A zahiri, yayin Black Friday 2019, nauyin sabis ɗin ya ƙaru da 40%, watau. adadin abubuwan da tsarin Retail Rocket ke bi da kuma tafiyar da su a kan wuraren shagunan kan layi ya karu daga buƙatun 5 zuwa 8 dubu a sakan daya. Saboda gaskiyar cewa muna shirye-shiryen ɗaukar nauyi mai tsanani, mun tsira daga irin wannan tashin hankali cikin sauƙi.
Gabaɗaya horo
Black Jumma'a lokaci ne mai cike da aiki ga duk dillalai da kasuwancin e-commerce musamman. Adadin masu amfani da ayyukansu a wannan lokacin yana girma sosai, don haka mu, kamar koyaushe, mun yi shiri sosai don wannan lokacin aiki. Bari mu ƙara a nan gaskiyar cewa muna da shagunan kan layi da yawa da aka haɗa ba kawai a Rasha ba, har ma a Turai, inda abin farin ciki ya fi girma, kuma muna samun matakin sha'awar da ya fi muni fiye da jerin Brazil. Menene ya kamata a yi don kasancewa cikakke don ƙarin kaya?
Aiki tare da sabobin
Da farko, ya zama dole don gano ainihin abin da muke buƙata don ƙara ƙarfin uwar garke. Tuni a cikin watan Agusta, mun fara yin odar sabbin sabobin musamman don Black Friday - gabaɗaya mun ƙara ƙarin injuna 10. A watan Nuwamba sun kasance cikakke cikin fafatawa.
A lokaci guda, an sake shigar da wasu injinan gini don amfani azaman sabar Application. Nan da nan mun shirya su don amfani da ayyuka daban-daban: duka don ba da shawarwari da kuma sabis na ImageResizer, ta yadda, dangane da nau'in kaya, kowane ɗayansu za a iya amfani da su don ɗayan waɗannan ayyuka. A cikin yanayin al'ada, sabar aikace-aikacen da ImageResizer sun fayyace ayyuka a sarari: shawarwarin da suka gabata na batun, na ƙarshe yana ba da hotuna don haruffa da tubalan shawarwari akan gidajen yanar gizon sayayya ta kan layi. A cikin shirye-shiryen Black Jumma'a, an yanke shawarar yin duk sabobin manufa biyu don daidaita zirga-zirga a tsakanin su dangane da nau'in zazzagewa.
Sa'an nan kuma mun ƙara manyan sabobin biyu don Kafka (Apache Kafka) kuma mun sami gungu na injuna 5 masu ƙarfi. Abin baƙin cikin shine, komai bai tafi daidai ba kamar yadda muke so: yayin aiwatar da aiki tare da bayanai, sabbin injuna biyu sun mamaye duk faɗin tashar hanyar sadarwar, kuma dole ne mu hanzarta gano yadda ake aiwatar da tsarin ƙara cikin sauri da aminci ga dukan kayayyakin more rayuwa. Don magance wannan matsalar, masu gudanar da mu dole ne su sadaukar da karshen mako.
Aiki tare da bayanai
Baya ga sabobin, mun yanke shawarar inganta fayiloli don sauƙaƙa nauyi kuma babban mataki a gare mu shine fassarar fayilolin tsaye. Duk fayilolin tsaye waɗanda aka riga aka shirya a kan sabobin an motsa su zuwa S3 + Cloudfront. Muna son yin haka na dogon lokaci, tun lokacin da nauyin da ke kan uwar garke yana kusa da ƙimar iyaka, kuma yanzu babban dama ya taso.
Mako guda kafin Black Friday, mun ƙara lokacin caching hoton zuwa kwanaki 3, ta yadda idan ImageResizer ya fadi, za a dawo da hotunan da aka adana a baya daga cdn. Har ila yau, ya rage nauyin da ke kan sabar mu, tun da tsawon lokacin da aka adana hoton, yawancin lokaci muna buƙatar kashe albarkatun don sake girman girman.
Kuma ƙarshe amma ba kalla ba: kwanaki 5 kafin Black Friday, an ba da sanarwar dakatarwa kan tura duk wani sabon aiki, da kuma kan kowane aiki tare da kayan more rayuwa - duk hankali yana da niyya don jure wa ƙarin lodi.
Shirye-shiryen amsawa ga yanayi masu wuyar gaske
Ko ta yaya babban ingancin shiri yake, fakaps koyaushe yana yiwuwa. Kuma mun ƙirƙiro tsare-tsaren mayar da martani guda 3 don yiwuwar yanayi mai mahimmanci:
- rage lodi,
- kashe wasu ayyuka,
- cikakken rufe sabis.
Shirin A: Rage kaya. Kamata a kunna idan, saboda yawan lodi, sabobin mu sun wuce lokacin amsawa karɓuwa. A wannan yanayin, mun shirya hanyoyin don rage nauyi a hankali ta hanyar canza ɓangaren zirga-zirga zuwa sabar Amazon, wanda kawai zai amsa duk buƙatun tare da "200 Ok" kuma ya ba da amsa mara kyau. Mun fahimci cewa wannan lalatar ingancin sabis ne, amma zaɓi tsakanin gaskiyar cewa sabis ɗin ba ya aiki kwata-kwata ko baya nuna shawarwarin kusan 10% na zirga-zirga a bayyane yake.
Shirin B: Kashe sabis. Ƙaddamar da ɓarna na ɓangaren sabis. Misali, rage saurin kirga shawarwarin sirri don sauke wasu bayanan bayanai da hanyoyin sadarwa. A cikin yanayin al'ada, ana ƙididdige shawarwarin a cikin ainihin lokaci, ƙirƙirar nau'i daban-daban na kantin sayar da kan layi ga kowane baƙo, amma a ƙarƙashin yanayin ƙarar nauyi, rage gudun yana ba da damar sauran ayyuka masu mahimmanci su ci gaba da aiki.
Shirin C: idan akwai Armageddon. Idan cikakkiyar gazawar tsarin ta faru, mun shirya wani shiri wanda zai ba mu damar cire haɗin kai daga abokan cinikinmu cikin aminci. Masu siyan shagunan za su daina ganin shawarwari kawai; aikin kantin sayar da kan layi ba zai wahala ta kowace hanya ba. Don yin wannan, dole ne mu sake saita fayil ɗin haɗin kai don sabbin masu amfani su daina hulɗa da sabis ɗin. Wato, za mu kashe babban lambar bin diddigin mu, sabis ɗin zai daina tattara bayanai da ƙididdige shawarwari, kuma mai amfani kawai zai ga shafi ba tare da toshe shawarwarin ba. Ga duk waɗanda suka karɓi fayil ɗin haɗin kai a baya, mun ba da zaɓi na canza rikodin DNS zuwa Amazon da 200 OK stub.
Sakamakon
Mun sarrafa nauyin duka ko da ba tare da buƙatar amfani da ƙarin injin gini ba. Kuma godiya ga shirye-shiryen gaba, ba mu buƙatar kowane ɗayan tsare-tsaren mayar da martani da aka haɓaka ba. Amma duk aikin da aka yi ƙwarewa ce mai kima da za ta taimaka mana mu jimre wa mafi yawan ba zato ba tsammani da kuma yawan cunkoson ababen hawa.
Kamar yadda yake a cikin 2017, nauyin sabis ɗin ya karu da 40%, kuma adadin masu amfani a cikin shagunan kan layi ya karu da 60% akan Black Friday. Duk matsaloli da kurakurai sun faru a lokacin shirye-shiryen, wanda ya cece mu da abokan cinikinmu daga yanayin da ba a zata ba.
Yaya kuke fama da Black Friday? Yaya kuke shirya don kaya masu mahimmanci?
source: www.habr.com