🥇 Linux Foundation zai yi aiki akan guntun buɗaɗɗen tushe

Gidauniyar Linux ta ƙaddamar da sabon jagora - CHIPS Alliance. A matsayin wani ɓangare na wannan aikin, ƙungiyar za ta haɓaka tsarin koyarwa na RISC-V kyauta da fasaha don ƙirƙirar masu sarrafawa dangane da shi. Bari mu yi muku bayani dalla-dalla abin da ke faruwa a wannan yanki.

/ hoto Gareth Halfacree CC BY-SA

Me yasa kungiyar CHIPS Alliance ta bayyana?

Faci masu kariya daga Meltdown da Specter, a wasu lokuta rage yawan aiki sabobin da kashi 50%. A lokaci guda, sabbin bambance-bambance na lahani masu alaƙa da hasashen aiwatar da umarni suna ci gaba da fitowa. Game da daya daga cikinsu ya zama sananne a farkon Maris - Kwararrun tsaro na bayanai sun sanya mata suna Spoiler. Wannan yanayin yana tasiri tattaunawa buƙatun yin bitar mafita na kayan aikin da ake da su da kuma hanyoyin haɓaka su. Musamman, Intel sun riga sun shirya sabon tsarin gine-gine don masu sarrafawa, ba batun Meltdown da Specter ba.

Gidauniyar Linux ma ba ta tsaya a gefe ba. Kungiyar ta kaddamar da nata shirin, CHIPS Alliance, wanda mambobinta za su haɓaka na'urori masu sarrafawa na RISC-V.

Wadanne ayyuka ne aka riga aka inganta?

Membobin CHIPS Alliance sun haɗa da Google, Western Digital (WD) da SiFive. Kowannen su ya gabatar da nasa ci gaban. Bari mu yi magana game da wasu daga cikinsu.

RISCV-DV

Giant ɗin bincike na IT ya fito da dandamali don gwada na'urori masu sarrafawa na tushen RISC-V don buɗe tushen. Maganin bazuwar yana haifar kungiyoyin da ba da izini duba aikin na'urar: gwajin tsarin canji, tarin kira, CSR- rijista, da dai sauransu.

Alal misali, haka ajin yayi kamaalhakin yin gwaji mai sauƙi na umarnin lissafi:

class riscv_arithmetic_basic_test extends riscv_instr_base_test;

  `uvm_component_utils(riscv_arithmetic_basic_test)
  `uvm_component_new

  virtual function void randomize_cfg();
    cfg.instr_cnt = 10000;
    cfg.num_of_sub_program = 0;
    cfg.no_fence = 1;
    cfg.no_data_page = 1'b1;
    cfg.no_branch_jump = 1'b1;
    `DV_CHECK_RANDOMIZE_WITH_FATAL(cfg,
                                   init_privileged_mode == MACHINE_MODE;
                                   max_nested_loop == 0;)
    `uvm_info(`gfn, $sformatf("riscv_instr_gen_config is randomized:n%0s",
                    cfg.sprint()), UVM_LOW)
  endfunction

endclass

By a cewar Developers, dandali ya bambanta da na analogues domin ya ba da damar jeri gwajin duk guntu sassa, ciki har da memory block.

OmniXtend yarjejeniya

Wannan ƙa'idar ce ta hanyar sadarwa daga WD wacce ke ba da daidaituwar cache akan Ethernet. OmniXtend yana ba ku damar musayar saƙon kai tsaye tare da cache ɗin sarrafawa kuma ana amfani dashi don haɗa nau'ikan accelerators iri-iri: GPU ko FPGA. Hakanan ya dace don ƙirƙirar tsarin da ya danganci kwakwalwan RISC-V da yawa.

An riga an goyan bayan yarjejeniya SweRV kwakwalwan kwamfutamai karkata zuwa ga sarrafa bayanai a cibiyoyin bayanai. SweRV 32-bit, dual-pipeline superscalar processor wanda aka gina akan fasahar tsari na 28nm. Kowane bututu yana da matakai tara, wanda ke ba da damar yin lodi da aiwatar da umarni da yawa a lokaci guda. Na'urar tana aiki a mitar 1,8 GHz.

Babban Roket Chip

Maganin ya fito ne daga SiFive, wanda masu haɓaka fasahar RISC-V suka kafa. Roka Chip babban janareta ne na RISC-V a cikin yaren Chisel. Shi ne mai saitin dakunan karatu masu ma'ana waɗanda ake amfani da su don ƙirƙira SoC.

Game da Chisel, to shine yaren bayanin kayan masarufi dangane da Scala. Yana haifar da ƙananan lambar Verilog wanda подходит don aiki akan ASIC da FPGA. Don haka, yana ba ku damar amfani da ƙa'idodin OOP lokacin haɓakawa RTL.

Al'amuran Alliance

Masana sun ce wannan yunƙurin na Linux Foundation zai sa kasuwar sarrafa kayan masarufi ta zama mafi dimokuradiyya da kuma buɗe wa sabbin ƴan wasa. Ina IDC bikincewa karuwar shaharar irin wadannan ayyukan za su yi tasiri mai kyau ga ci gaban fasahar koyon injin da tsarin AI gaba daya.

/ hoto Sunan mahaifi Fritz PD

Haɓaka na'urorin sarrafa buɗaɗɗen tushe kuma za su rage farashin kera kwakwalwan kwamfuta na al'ada. Koyaya, wannan zai faru ne kawai idan al'ummar Linux Foundation sun sami nasarar jawo isassun masu haɓakawa.

Makamantan ayyukan

Sauran kungiyoyi kuma suna haɓaka ayyukan da suka shafi buɗe kayan aikin. Misali shine haɗin gwiwar CXL, wanda ya gabatar da mizanin Compute Express Link a tsakiyar Maris. Fasahar kwatankwacinta ce da OmniXtend kuma tana haɗa CPU, GPU, FPGA. Don musayar bayanai, ma'aunin yana amfani da bas ɗin PCIe 5.0.

Wani aikin da aka sadaukar don haɓaka fasahar sarrafawa shine MIPS Open, wanda ya bayyana a cikin Disamba 2018. Ƙaddamarwar Wave Computing ta ƙirƙira shirin. Masu haɓakawa suna tsarawa bude Samun damar zuwa sabbin saitunan MIPS na 32- da 64-bit don al'ummar IT. Fara aikin sa ran a cikin watanni masu zuwa.

Gabaɗaya, hanyar buɗe hanyar buɗe ido tana samun karɓuwa gabaɗaya ba don software kaɗai ba, har ma da kayan masarufi. Irin waɗannan ayyukan suna tallafawa da manyan kamfanoni. Sabili da haka, zamu iya tsammanin cewa a nan gaba mafi yawan na'urori bisa ga ka'idodin kayan aiki na bude zasu bayyana a kasuwa.

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source: www.habr.com

Linux Foundation zai yi aiki akan guntuwar buɗaɗɗen tushe