TL;DR: Na ji daɗin Haiku, amma akwai damar ingantawa
- tsarin aiki wanda ya ba ni mamaki sosai. Rana ta biyu. Kar ku yi mini kuskure: Har yanzu ina mamakin yadda sauƙin yin abubuwan da ke da wahala a kan kwamfutocin Linux. Ina ɗokin koyon yadda yake aiki kuma ina jin daɗin amfani da shi kullun. Gaskiya ne, ranar cikakken canji bai riga ya zo ba: Ba na so in sha wahala.
WonderBrush raster graphics editan - idan kun san inda za ku same shi
A ka'ida, kamar yadda aka sa ran ga sigogin da ke ƙasa 1.0. Duk da haka, tunawa da Mac OS X a cikin kwanakin farko na farko da kuma la'akari da girman ƙungiyar Haiku, kada ku yi watsi da nasarori masu ban mamaki.
Yawancin lokaci ina ba da tunani na akan #LinuxUsability (, , , , , ), don haka kada ku yi mamakin ƙulli game da Haiku dangane da amfani. Yawancinsu, da sa'a, suna da alaƙa da haɓaka daban-daban.
Wannan shine gabatarwar, kuma yanzu bari mu mai da hankali ga wasu matsaloli.
Matsala #1: Matsalolin Browser
Akwai 3 browser bisa : asali () da ƙarin guda biyu akan Qt (QupZilla, sunan da ba a gama ba kuma ), wanda za'a iya shigar dashi daga ma'ajin. Babu ɗayansu da ke aiki daidai. Babban mai binciken yana da matsaloli tare da aiki da yin aiki (misali, ba shi yiwuwa a warware captcha lokacin shiga ciki). ), kuma ƙarin suna da manyan matsalolin aiki akan Haiku.
Wannan shine abin da Twitter yayi kama a cikin WebPositive, babban mai binciken Haiku.
QupZilla da OtterBrowser sun yi rauni sosai akan haɗin Intanet mara dogaro (misali, akan jirgin ƙasa). Canja tsakanin shafuka ya zama ba zai yiwu ba idan bayanan ba su gudana cikin sumul ba. Ba shi yiwuwa a buɗe sabon shafin yayin da na yanzu ke loda bayanai akan hanyar sadarwa. Komai yana jinkirin, duk da ƙananan kaya. Wataƙila masu bincike ba su da cikakkiyar haɓaka don Haiku multithreading, ko kuma suna da wasu matsaloli tare da Haiku [a kan Linux wannan yana faruwa da ni wani lokaci ma - kusan mai fassara].
Ba zan iya rubuta komai akan Matsakaici tare da QupZilla ba...
. Ina ganin wannan jarin zai biya Haiku ma. Musamman da aka ba da ƙarin mahimmancin aikace-aikacen yanar gizo, har ma fiye da haka ganin cewa aikace-aikacen asali ba su wanzu don duk lokuta masu amfani.
Labarin Kenneth Kocienda da Richard Williamson: yadda Safari da Webkit suka kasance
Matsala #2: Launcher da Dock
A saman kusurwar dama na allon yana nan , Mash-up mai ban mamaki na menu na Fara Windows wanda aka haɗa tare da fasalulluka na Dock da wasu 'yan wasu fasaloli.
Wurin tebur
Tun da wannan shine watakila mahimmin ɓangaren ƙwarewar mai amfani don BeOS, ba shi da damar yanayin yanayin tebur na zamani: Ina buƙatar ƙaddamar da shirin kamar An ƙaddamar da shi ta hanyar Alt + sarari. Danna-don ƙaddamar da apps suna jinkirin. Akwai kayan aiki Nemo mai kama boye, amma ba a tsara shi don dacewa da ƙaddamar da aikace-aikacen ba, koda kuwa an hanzarta shi.
Haske akan Mac OS X Leopard, wanda aka ƙaddamar da Command + Spacebar
Akwai , shigar a ciki . Lokacin da kuka fara ƙaddamar da shi, ba komai bane gaba ɗaya, kuma ba a bayyana gaba ɗaya yadda ake ƙara wani abu a ciki ba. Bugu da ƙari, yana bayyana a wuri mara kyau akan allon ba tare da wata hanya ta bayyana ba don canza matsayinsa. To, ta yaya zan iya sanya shi a hagu ko kasa na allon, kamar Dock a Mac OS X? Na yi imani cewa UX a cikin wannan yanayin ba a iya sani ba.
, kuma an shigar daga . Ya fi kyau. An nuna a kasan allon. Ban yi tsammanin cewa za a juya tsarin gumakan ba: kwandon yana a farkon, amma gaba ɗaya yana da alama.
Ta yaya zan iya saita shi azaman tsoho maimakon Deskbar? Idan ka danna alamar Deskbar a DockBert kuma zaɓi "kusa" - zai, ba shakka, zai rufe ... kuma ya sake bayyana rabin daƙiƙa daga baya. (Masu haɓakawa sun ce wannan, bisa ƙa'ida, kwaro ne a DockBert). Zai yi kyau idan DockBert ya kasance mai wayo don fahimtar abin da mai amfani ke buƙata kuma ya aikata shi. Ta hanyar tsoho, DockBert ba shi da gumakan app, amma yana nuna "jawo nan" don ku san yadda ake ƙara komai. Koyaya, ban iya cire aikace-aikacen ba - ba ta danna dama ba ko ta jawo gunki daga DockBert.
Gwada . Na same shi da bazata . Ya dubi yadda nake so. Tare da girmamawa akan "kalli". Domin bai yi aiki ba tukuna: har yanzu sigar Beta ce. An rubuta shi a cikin Qt4, don haka ina shakkar cewa za a haɗa shi a cikin hoton shigarwa.
HiQDock.
A ka'ida, ba ni kaɗai nake tunanin cewa yanayin Dock da Launcher yana da rikitarwa ba. Har na samu akan wannan batu .
QuickLaunch
Sai na samu labarin , wanda aka ba da shawarar a ƙaddamar da shi ta hanyar ƙara haɗin maɓalli a cikin saitunan Gajerun hanyoyi.
Saitunan gajerun hanyoyi a Haiku
Zai yi kyau idan an saita abubuwa irin wannan don "aiki kawai" ta tsohuwa. Na ce Alt+Space? Da kyau, a zahiri, QuickLaunch na iya tambayar ku ko kuna buƙatar keɓance gajeriyar hanyar keyboard lokacin da kuka fara ƙaddamar da shi. Yin wannan a cikin saitunan Gajerun hanyoyi yana da wahala.
Wani taga yana sa ka shigar da "application" a cikin saitunan gajerun hanyoyi. Babu wasa
Ina shirye in yi caca cewa yawancin masu amfani ba su san abin da za su shigar a matsayin "application", wato: /boot/system/apps/QuickLaunch (Kawai QuickLaunch ba ya aiki).
Magani mai sauri: Saita QuickLaunch azaman tsoho kuma sanya shi gajeriyar hanyar alt + ta tsohuwa.
Abin farin ciki, Ina da bayanai daga masu haɓakawa cewa a wani lokaci za su iya haɗawa da shi azaman haɓakawa ko maye gurbin tsohuwar Deskbar mai kyau. Watakila... wata rana... Yatsu sun haye! (A bar buƙata, ko ba za ta taɓa faruwa ba. ). Wani mai haɓaka ya ce, faɗi: "A ganina, bin hanyar Windows na haɗa akwatin bincike a cikin menu na farawa yana da sauƙi don Beta, zan ce zai kawo babban bambanci ga mutane da yawa." Amince! (sake: aikace-aikace ko a'a).
Me yasa QuickLaunch ke samun shirin hoton allo sau biyu, a cikin /boot/system/apps da kuma cikin /boot/system/bin? Masu haɓakawa suna sane, saboda a cikin fayil /boot/system/apps/QuickLaunch/ReadMe.html.
/system/bin ba a sarrafa shi ba, shirye-shiryen da aka aika sau da yawa suna ƙarewa a cikin / bin directory, wanda shine mummunan ra'ayi. Kuna iya cire aikace-aikacen CLI maras so, misali, ta amfani da maɓallin "Ƙara don watsi da lissafi" a cikin mahallin mahallin
mafita mai sauri: tace aikace-aikace daga /tsarin/bin wanda kuma ya wanzu a /system/apps
Matsala #3: babu hanzarin hardware
BeOS ya cika da shirye-shiryen demo. Babu BeOS video zai zama cikakke ba tare da mahara windows da daban-daban videos wasa. Nasara mai ban mamaki a lokacin. Haiku ya zo tare da 3D demos yana nuna nau'ikan haruffa 3D suna motsawa cikin sarari. (Kai, Haiku baya shirya IPO, ko?)
BeOS a cikin 1995, wanda Haiku ya dogara akansa. A lokacin yana aiki akan na'urori masu sarrafawa guda biyu na PowerPC 603 masu mitar agogo na 66 MHz
Muna son zama Linux na duniyar sauti da bidiyo.
-, Shugaba
Abin mamaki, bidiyo da 3D ba ainihin kayan aikin haɓaka ba ne a Haiku. Ina tsammanin wasanni kuma.
Daga masu haɓakawa и Akwai takaddun bayanai don haɓaka kayan aikin ("yana ɗaukar kusan watanni biyu na mutum"). Haɓakar 3D za ta kasance ta hanyar Mesa (Haiku, kamar yadda aka riga aka ambata, yana amfani da Mesa da LLVMPipe azaman tushe don OpenGL), don bidiyon da zaku iya dogaro da shi. ko yin maganin ku (Na san cewa Haiku ya riga ya yi amfani da FFMpeg a ciki, ba zai yiwu ba a yi amfani da VDPAU ko wasu API irin wannan ba tare da haɓaka direbobi ba).
Yatsu sun haye!
Matsala #4: Ba a bincika shirye-shirye
Na san cewa akwai shirye-shiryen CLI da yawa da aka aika zuwa Haiku, amma ban gan su a HaikuDepot ba. Babu ko alamu. Babu umarni "haiku..." ko "port..." akan layin umarni
~/testing> haikuports
bash: haikuports: command not foundBayan gogling, I , inda na sauke avrdude daga. Lokacin da yake gudana, danna sau biyu taga tare da dogaro mara gamsuwa ya bayyana. Zai yi kyau idan hakan bai faru ba. (Daya daga cikin dalilan da nake son shi sosai .app don Mac da don Linux).
Daga masu haɓakawa na koyi cewa "a zahiri" akwai , hana wannan. A fili take bukatar karin soyayya.
Me ya kamata a yi? Akwai umarni ga waɗanda ke son tashar jiragen ruwa na shirye-shiryen Haiku, amma babu umarni ga waɗanda kawai ke son amfani da shirye-shiryen da aka ɗauka. A nan ne na shiga ciki.
Mai haɓakawa ya gaya mani: "Ba mu ambaci HaikuPorts ba saboda 99.9% na masu amfani ba a buƙatar su sani ko kula da ainihin yadda aka ƙirƙira waɗannan fakitin da bayyana a HaikuDepot." Yarda. Magana game da HaikuDepot, da yadda ake samun wani abu daga can, saboda HaikuDepot interface baya nuna shi (misali, avrdude cli). A bayyane ya kamata a sami akwati wanda ke nuna aikace-aikacen CLI a cikin HaikuDepot interface, amma ban same shi ba, ko watakila babu shi. ("An ba da shawarar" ko "Duk fakiti"... kuna buƙatar shi? A'a, ba na so in kalli fakitin "duk", Ina tsammanin za a nuna yawancin ɗakunan karatu. Wani abu kamar tsohon mai kyau ).
Maimakon I . Har ila yau, ban san yadda ake shigar da shi ba (Sun ce HaikuArchives "ma'ajiyar kayan aikin software ne", da kuma cewa "dukkan shirye-shiryen da suka dace sun riga sun kasance a HaikuPorts" - ana buƙatar masu haɗawa).
Bayan wasu karin gogewa, na sami:
/> pkgman search avrdudeStatus Name Description
-------------------------------
avrdude A tool to up/download to AVR microcontrollersKai! Zai yi kyau a sa wannan ƙungiyar ta zama mafi bayyane. Ɗaya daga cikin masu haɓakawa ya tabbatar da cewa "pkgman shine cli analogue na HaikuDepot." Me yasa ba a saka mata suna ba a lokacin? haikudepot?
Da farko, na shigar da umurnin_not_found-0.0.1~git-3-any.hpkg. Yanzu zan iya yin wannan:
/> file /bin/bash
DEBUG:main:Entered CNF: file
This application is aviaiblible via pkgman install filemafita mai sauri: ƙara
command_not_found-*-any.hpkgzuwa tsoho shigarwa.
Mai haɓaka Haiku ya yi imanin cewa "a Haiku, ba kamar Linux ba, babu ainihin buƙatar umarni-ba a samo ba" saboda "kawai za ku iya shigar da pkgman shigar cmd: sunan umarni." To, ta yaya ni, “mai-mutuwa kawai,” zan iya sanin wannan?!
Fakiti, masu sarrafa fakiti, abin dogaro. Wanda ke Haiku tabbas ya fi yawancin wayo, amma har yanzu mai sarrafa fakiti ne:
/> pkgman install avrdude100% repochecksum-1 [65 bytes]
Validating checksum for Haiku…done.
100% repochecksum-1 [64 bytes]
Validating checksum for HaikuPorts... done.
100% repocache-2 [951.69 KiB]
Validating checksum for HaikuPorts... done.
Encountered problems:
problem 1: nothing provides lib:libconfuse>=2.7 needed by libftdi-1.4–7
solution 1:
- do not install “providing avrdude”
Please select a solution, skip the problem for now or quit.
select [1/s/q]:Manajojin fakiti suna yin abin da manajan fakiti ke yi koyaushe, ba tare da la’akari da tsarin aiki ba. Akwai dalilin da ya jawo ni zuwa gare shi - na ce haka, a'a? - Ku .app kuma .
Bugu da kari, wasu shahararrun budaddiyar manhajoji sun bata anan:
/> pkgman install inkscape
100% repochecksum-1 [65 bytes]
Validating checksum for Haiku…done.
100% repochecksum-1 [64 bytes]
Validating checksum for HaikuPorts…done.
*** Failed to find a match for “inkscape”: Name not foundMasu haɓakawa sun amsa: "Tunda babu Gtk, ba za a sami Inkscape ba." An fahimta. Wani mai haɓaka ya kara da cewa: "Amma muna da ban mamaki WonderBrush." Ban sani ba game da wannan, amma ba a gani a HaikuDepot, kuma a ina zai kasance? (gyara: Na canza zuwa shafin "Duk Kunshin"! An rasa wannan batu gaba ɗaya!)
/> pkgman install gimp
100% repochecksum-1 [65 bytes]
Validating checksum for Haiku... done.
100% repochecksum-1 [64 bytes]
Validating checksum for HaikuPorts... done.
*** Failed to find a match for “gimp”: Name not found/> pkgman install arduino
100% repochecksum-1 [65 bytes]
Validating checksum for Haiku... done.
100% repochecksum-1 [64 bytes]
Validating checksum for HaikuPorts... done.
*** Failed to find a match for “arduino”: Name not foundNa san cewa "arduino ya kasance a baya" ... ina ya tafi?
Daga cikin wasu abubuwa, na yi mamakin gaskiyar "hanyar fasaha": yawancin layi suna nuna kawai don a karshen su ce: "Wannan software ba ta samuwa."
Matsala #5: daban-daban m gefuna da bukatar a gyara
Canja tsakanin aikace-aikace
Yana da ban sha'awa ba tare da alt + tab don canza aikace-aikacen ba. Ctrl + tab yana aiki, amma ko ta yaya a karkace.
Tushen haɓakawa: idan na kunna shimfidar Windows, Cmd da Ctrl za su canza wurare, kuma alt + Tab za su saba. Amma ina so in ji kamar Mac yayin amfani da maballin PC!
Lura daga masu haɓakawa: "Canza ctrl+tab zuwa alt+tab zai ba wasu masu amfani mamaki." Magani mai sauƙi: kunna duka biyu! (a matsayin Mac, Windows da Linux mai amfani da Gnome, KDE, Xfce Har yanzu ban san abin da zan jira ba).
Canja aikace-aikace ta hanyar ctrl + tab ta amfani da Twitcher. A wasu wuraren yana bayyana, wani lokacin ba shine karo na farko ba
Abin da ya fi muni: ctrl + tab wani lokaci yana nuna taga tare da gumakan aikace-aikacen, wani lokacin kuma ba ya yin hakan. Daga cikin wasu abubuwa, tsarin sauya aikace-aikacen yana kama da bazuwar: StyledEdit-WebPositive-back StyledEdit-WebPositive-StyledEdit-taga tare da gumakan aikace-aikace... Kuskuren software? (Shin wani ya san idan akwai kayan aikin rikodi na Gif don Haiku?) Gyara: Wannan siffa ce, ba kwaro ba.
Wani ɗan gajeren latsa ctrl + tab yana canzawa kai tsaye zuwa aikace-aikacen da ta gabata ba tare da nuna taga Twitcher ba. Idan kun riƙe haɗin haɗin gwiwa ya fi tsayi, kuna samun abin da na saba.
Gajerun hanyoyi
Idan muka yi magana game da gajerun hanyoyin keyboard, to da zarar kun gane cewa komai yayi kama da Mac, zaku yi ƙoƙarin amfani da gajerun hanyoyin da aka saba… Misali, a cikin “Open…” da “Ajiye As…” akwatunan maganganu, Ina so in danna alt + d don teburin shugabanci "aiki", da sauransu.
Masu haɓakawa "suna da zaɓi don ƙara wannan" "zuwa buƙatun inganta maganganun fayil." Zan ƙirƙiri irin wannan buƙatar idan akwai mai bin diddigin al'amuran gida akan GitHub ko GitLab, inda nake da asusu.
Amma, kamar yadda na bayyana a baya, ba zan iya yin rajista a tsarin su ba. (Kamar yadda kuke tsammani, Ina so in jaddada sauƙin aiki tare da waɗannan abubuwa yayin amfani da sabis na jama'a kamar GitHub ko GitLab). Gyara:
Rashin daidaito
Aikace-aikacen Qt da aikace-aikacen asali sun bambanta ta ɗabi'a. Misali, zaku iya share kalma ta ƙarshe ta amfani da alt+backspace a aikace-aikacen Qt, amma ba cikin na asali ba. Ana iya samun wasu bambance-bambance yayin gyara rubutu. Ina so a cire irin wannan rashin daidaituwa.
Gyara: Ban gama rubuta wannan labarin ba tukuna (Na nuna shi da farko a tashar Haiku dev don tattara sharhi) lokacin da ya bayyana cewa an daidaita wannan rashin daidaituwa! Abin mamaki! Yadda nake son ayyukan buɗaɗɗen tushe! Na gode, !
Bayanan kula
Har yanzu ina koyon Haiku kuma yana ci gaba da burge ni. Duk da na mayar da hankali wajen bayyana abubuwan bacin rai a yau, ba zan iya tunawa ba sai dai in tunatar da ku dalilin da yasa wannan tsarin aiki ke da ban sha'awa. A ƙasa akwai 'yan misalai. Tunatarwa ce kawai don ganin yadda Haiku ke yin abubuwan da suke daidai.
Idan ka danna na'ura sau biyu wanda ba shi da ɗakunan karatu da ake buƙata, ba za ka ga wani abu a cikin Linux ba. Haiku zai nuna kyakkyawan zance mai hoto tare da bayani game da matsalar. Na daɗe ina mafarki game da abubuwa irin wannan a cikin Linux, kuma har yanzu ina jin daɗin cewa an yi daidai a Haiku. Wannan misalin yana nuna cewa tsarin aiki ya daidaita a kowane matakai. Sakamakon shine ladabi, kyakkyawa da sauƙi, har ma a lokuta irin su kuskuren kuskure.
Wani kallo mai ban sha'awa a ƙarƙashin murfin.
Takardun QuickLaunch ya ce:
Akwai dalilai 2 da yasa QuickLaunch ba zai sami aikace-aikacen ba:
- Aikace-aikacen baya kan ɓangaren BeFS, ko ɓangaren BeFS ba a tsara shi don tallafawa tambayoyin ba.
- Aikace-aikacen bashi da madaidaicin BEOS:APP_SIG sifa. A wannan yanayin, tambayi mai haɓaka aikace-aikacen don ƙara shi, ko gwada bi
Wannan shawara: idan kana amfani da aikace-aikace ko rubutun da ba a nunawa a cikin QuickLaunch (kuma yana cikin wurin da za a iya rubutawa) - gwada ƙara waɗannan halayen a cikin tashar.addattr BEOS: TYPE aikace-aikace/x-vnd.Be-elfexecutable /hanya/to/your/app-ko-rubutu
addattr BEOS: APP_SIG aikace-aikace/x-vnd.komai-na musamman /hanya/to/your/app-ko-rubutu
Wannan yana ba da haske game da yadda sihiri kamar Ayyukan Kaddamarwa, wanda na ci gaba da sha'awar, a zahiri ke aiki ().
Babu ƙaramin farin ciki shine "Buɗe tare da..."
Zaɓi fayil, danna alt + I, sannan allon bayanin yana ba ka damar zaɓar aikace-aikacen da zai iya buɗe takamaiman fayil.
A Haiku zan iya soke aikace-aikacen don buɗe takamaiman fayil ɗaya. Sanyi?
Wannan duk yana aiki ko da tsawo sunan fayil ɗin ya ɓace, kuma a ƙarshe zan iya gaya wa fayiloli daban-daban na nau'in iri ɗaya don buɗewa a cikin aikace-aikacen daban-daban, wanda ke da wahala sosai, idan ba zai yuwu ba, a cikin mahallin tebur na Linux.
ƙarshe
Kamar yadda na rubuta jiya, Haiku ya buɗe idona kuma ya nuna mani yadda yanayin aiki zai iya “aiki kawai.” A rana ta biyu kuma na sami wasu abubuwa waɗanda a fili suke buƙatar haɓakawa.
Babu ɗayansu da zai daina aiki. Ina matukar farin ciki game da makomar wannan tsarin aiki na tebur na sirri. Wannan wani ci gaba ne maraba da ya wuce "Linux tebur mahallin" wanda ke ci gaba da nuna manyan matsalolin da ba za a iya magance su nan gaba ba. .
Ina fata Haiku.
Gwada shi da kanku! Bayan haka, aikin Haiku yana ba da hotuna don yin booting daga DVD ko USB, wanda aka haifar . Don shigarwa, kawai zazzage hoton kuma rubuta shi zuwa filasha ta amfani da shi
Kuna da wasu tambayoyi? Muna gayyatar ku zuwa harshen Rashanci .
Duban kuskure:
Daga marubucin fassarar: wannan ita ce kasida ta biyu a cikin jerin abubuwan da suka shafi Haiku.
Jerin labarai:
source: www.habr.com