Fassarar labari daga Injiniya George Hilliard
Ana iya dannawa
Ni injiniyan tsarin aiki ne. A lokacin kyauta na, sau da yawa ina neman wani abu da za a iya amfani dashi a cikin zane na tsarin gaba, ko wani abu daga abubuwan da nake so.
Ɗayan irin wannan yanki shine kwamfutoci masu arha waɗanda za su iya tafiyar da Linux, kuma mafi arha shine mafi kyau. Don haka na haƙa rami mai zurfi na zomo na na'urori marasa duhu.
Na yi tunani, "Wadannan na'urori masu sarrafawa suna da arha don haka ana iya ba da su kyauta." Kuma bayan wani lokaci, ra'ayin ya zo gare ni don yin katin banza don Linux a cikin nau'i na katin kasuwanci.
Da zarar na yi tunani game da shi, na yanke shawarar zai zama abu mai kyau gaske in yi. Na riga to , kuma suna da iyakoki daban-daban masu ban sha'awa, kamar kwaikwayon katunan filasha, fitilu masu walƙiya, ko ma watsa bayanan waya. Koyaya, ban ga katunan kasuwanci tare da tallafin Linux ba.
Don haka na mai da kaina daya.
Wannan shine ƙãre samfurin. Cikakken ƙaramin kwamfutar ARM mai aiki da sigar Linux ta al'ada da aka gina tare da Buildroot.
Yana da tashar USB a kusurwar. Idan kun haɗa ta da kwamfuta, tana yin takalma a cikin kusan daƙiƙa 6 kuma ana iya ganin ta azaman katin filashi da tashar tashar jiragen ruwa ta kama-da-wane ta inda zaku iya shiga cikin harsashin katin. A kan filasha akwai fayil ɗin README, kwafin aikina da hotuna na da yawa. Harsashi yana da wasanni da yawa, Unix classic kamar arziki da dan damfara, ƙaramin sigar wasan 2048 da mai fassarar MicroPython.
Ana yin wannan duka ta hanyar amfani da guntuwar filasha mai girman 8 MB kadan. Bootloader ya dace da 256 KB, kernel yana ɗaukar 1,6 MB, kuma duk tushen fayil ɗin yana ɗaukar 2,4 MB. Saboda haka, akwai sauran sarari da yawa don rumbun filasha. Akwai kuma littafin adireshi na gida wanda ake iya rubutawa idan wani ya yi wani abu da yake son adanawa. Ana kuma ajiye wannan duka akan guntu filasha.
Gaba dayan na'urar farashin ƙasa da $3. Yana da arha isa don bayarwa. Idan kun karɓi irin wannan na'urar daga gare ni, yana nufin cewa wataƙila ina ƙoƙarin burge ku.
Zane da ginawa
Na tsara kuma na tattara komai da kaina. Aikina ne kuma ina son shi, kuma yawancin kalubalen shine nemo isassun sassa masu arha don sha'awa.
Zaɓin na'ura mai sarrafawa shine yanke shawara mafi mahimmanci wanda ya shafi farashi da yuwuwar aikin. Bayan bincike mai zurfi, na zaɓi F1C100s, ɗan ƙaramin injin sarrafawa daga Allwinner wanda aka inganta farashi (watau arha). Duk RAM da CPU suna cikin fakiti ɗaya. Na sayi masu sarrafawa akan Taobao. An saya duk sauran abubuwan da aka gyara daga LCSC.
Na ba da umarnin allunan daga JLC. Sun yi min kwafi 8 akan $10. Ingancin su yana da ban sha'awa, musamman ga farashin; ba da kyau kamar OSHPark's, amma har yanzu yana da kyau.
Na yi batch na farko baki. Sun yi kyau, amma sun kasance cikin sauƙin ƙazanta.
Akwai matsaloli guda biyu tare da rukunin farko. Na farko, mai haɗin kebul ɗin bai daɗe da isa ya dace da kowane tashar USB ba. Abu na biyu, an yi waƙoƙin walƙiya ba daidai ba, amma na sami wannan ta hanyar lanƙwasa lambobin sadarwa.
Bayan na duba duk abin da ke aiki, sai na ba da umarni da sabbin allunan; Kuna iya ganin hoton ɗayansu a farkon labarin.
Saboda ƙananan girman duk waɗannan ƙananan abubuwan, na yanke shawarar yin amfani da reflower ta amfani da . Ina da damar yin amfani da na'urar yankan Laser, don haka na yi amfani da shi don yanke stencil na siyar da fim ɗin laminator. stencil ya juya sosai. Ramukan diamita na 0,2 mm don lambobin sadarwa suna buƙatar kulawa ta musamman don tabbatar da masana'anta masu inganci - yana da mahimmanci a mai da hankali kan laser daidai kuma zaɓi ikonsa.
Sauran allunan suna aiki da kyau don riƙe allon yayin amfani da manna.
Na yi amfani da manna solder kuma na sanya abubuwan da aka gyara da hannu. Na tabbatar da cewa ba a yi amfani da gubar a ko'ina a cikin tsarin ba - duk alluna, abubuwan da aka gyara da manna sun dace da ma'auni - don kada lamirina ya azabtar da ni lokacin da na raba su ga mutane.
Na yi ɗan ƙaramin kuskure da wannan rukunin, amma manna mai siyar yana gafarta kurakurai, kuma komai ya tafi tare lafiya.
Kowane sashi ya ɗauki kusan daƙiƙa 10 zuwa matsayi, don haka na yi ƙoƙarin kiyaye adadin abubuwan zuwa mafi ƙarancin. Ana iya karanta ƙarin cikakkun bayanai game da ƙirar taswira a wani .
Jerin kayan aiki da farashi
Na tsaya a kan m kasafin kudin. Kuma katin kasuwancin ya juya kamar yadda aka yi niyya - ban damu ba da shi ba! Tabbas, ba zan ba kowa ba, tun da yake yana ɗaukar lokaci don yin kowane kwafin, kuma ba a la'akari da lokacina a cikin kuɗin katin kasuwanci (nau'in kyauta ne).
Bangare
Cost
Saukewa: F1C100
$1.42
PCB
$0.80
8MB flash
$0.17
Duk sauran abubuwa
$0.49
Jimlar
$2.88
A dabi'a, akwai kuma farashin da ke da wuyar ƙididdigewa, kamar bayarwa (tun da an rarraba shi a tsakanin abubuwan da aka tsara don ayyuka da yawa). Koyaya, ga hukumar da ke tallafawa Linux, tabbas yana da arha sosai. Wannan rushewar kuma yana ba da kyakkyawan ra'ayi na nawa farashin kamfanoni don kera na'urori a cikin mafi ƙarancin farashi: za ku iya tabbata cewa farashin kamfanoni ko da ƙasa da abin da yake kashe ni!
Ayyukan
Me za a ce? Katin yana yin takalman Linux mai nauyi sosai a cikin daƙiƙa 6. Saboda nau'i da farashi, katin bashi da I/O, goyon bayan cibiyar sadarwa, ko kowane ma'auni mai mahimmanci don gudanar da shirye-shirye masu nauyi. Duk da haka, na yi nasarar cusa gungun abubuwa masu ban sha'awa a cikin hoton firmware.
kebul
Akwai abubuwa masu kyau da yawa da za a iya yi tare da USB, amma na zaɓi zaɓi mafi sauƙi don mutane su iya samun damar yin aiki idan sun yanke shawarar gwada katin kasuwanci na. Linux yana ba da damar katin ya zama kamar "na'ura" tare da tallafi . Na ɗauki wasu direbobi daga ayyukan da suka gabata waɗanda suka haɗa da wannan na'ura, don haka ina da damar yin amfani da duk ayyukan tsarin na'urar USB. Na yanke shawarar yin koyi da faifan filasha da aka riga aka ƙirƙira kuma in ba da damar harsashi ta hanyar tashar jiragen ruwa mai kama-da-wane.
Harsashi
Bayan shiga azaman tushen, zaku iya gudanar da shirye-shiryen masu zuwa akan serial console:
- dan damfara: wasan kasada mai rarrafe na Unix na gargajiya;
- 2048: wasa mai sauƙi na 2048 a cikin yanayin wasan bidiyo;
- arziki: fitar da daban-daban pretentious zantuka. Na yanke shawarar ba zan haɗa da dukan bayanan da aka ambata a nan ba don barin wuri don wasu siffofi;
- : Karamin mai fassara Python.
Kwaikwayar Flash Drive
Yayin haɗawa, kayan aikin ginin suna haifar da ƙaramin hoto na FAT32 kuma suna ƙara shi azaman ɗayan ɓangaren UBI. Subsystem na Linux Gadget yana gabatar da PC ɗinsa azaman na'urar ajiya.
Idan kuna sha'awar ganin abin da ke bayyana akan filasha, hanya mafi sauƙi don yin haka ita ce ta hanyar karantawa . Akwai kuma hotuna da dama da ci gaba na.
Resources
Sources
An buga itacen Buildroot na akan GitHub - . Akwai lambar don ƙirƙirar hoto mai walƙiya NO, wanda aka sanya ta amfani da yanayin zazzagewar USB na processor. Hakanan yana da duk fa'idodin fakitin wasanni da sauran shirye-shiryen da na tura cikin Buildroot bayan na sami komai yana aiki. Idan kuna sha'awar amfani da F1C100s a cikin aikinku, wannan zai zama babban mafari (jin daɗi). ).
na yi amfani Linux v4.9 don F1C100s ta Icenowy, an sake tsara shi kaɗan. Kati na yana gudanar da kusan daidaitaccen v5.2. Yana kan GitHub - .
Ina tsammanin ina da mafi kyawun tashar jiragen ruwa na U-Boot don F1C100s a cikin duniya a yau, kuma hakanan yana dogara ne akan aikin Icenowy (abin mamaki, samun U-Boot yayi aiki yadda yakamata ya kasance babban aiki mai ban takaici). Hakanan zaka iya samun shi akan GitHub - .
Bayanan Bayani na F1C100s
Na sami takamaiman takaddun bayanai don F1C100s, kuma ina aika shi anan:
- - cikakken bayani da kuma pinout.
- - rijista ma'anar F1C600, wanda shine ainihin F1C100s iri ɗaya, amma an sake masa suna tare da ayyana tallafin Linux (ha!).
- Na yi aro bayanai a hankali daga zane daga – hukumar ci gaban da na yi amfani da ita don saita software.
Ina loda shi ga masu sha'awar. .
ƙarshe
Na koyi abubuwa da yawa yayin haɓaka wannan aikin - shine aikina na farko ta amfani da tanda mai sake kwarara. Na kuma koyi yadda ake nemo albarkatu don abubuwan da aka haɗa tare da ƙarancin takardu.
Na yi amfani da ƙwarewar da nake da ita tare da shigar Linux da ƙwarewar ci gaban allo. Aikin ba tare da lahani ba, amma yana nuna duk basirata da kyau.
Ga masu sha'awar cikakkun bayanai game da aiki tare da shigar Linux, Ina ba da shawarar karanta jerin labarai na game da wannan: . A can na yi magana dalla-dalla game da yadda ake ƙirƙirar software da hardware daga karce don ƙananan tsarin Linux masu arha, kama da katin kira na.
source: www.habr.com