В Na yi magana a taƙaice game da taron kanta, wanda ke ba ku damar yin kwamfutar da za ku iya gudanar da unRAID akanta don ƙirƙirar NAS da MikroTik RouterOS a cikin injin kama-da-wane na KVM azaman madadin na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa.
Bayanan sun zama tattaunawa mai amfani sosai, dangane da sakamakon da ya wajaba don gyara kurakurai a cikin taron farko kuma rubuta kashi na uku! Zan gwada wasu shawarwari akan kaina kuma, ina fata, in rubuta kashi na uku.
Don shigarwa na farko, kuna buƙatar haɗa na'ura, madannai da linzamin kwamfuta zuwa uwar garken.
Ana shigar da unRAID
Muje zuwa kuma shigar da unRAID akan kebul na USB (wanda na manta don ƙarawa a teburin). Shawarwari don faifan faifan ma'auni ne: alamar al'ada da girman girman jiki (don mafi kyawun sanyaya). Wannan faifan filasha zai yi boot ɗin unRAID, don haka za a adana SSDs ɗin gaba ɗaya. Ƙarin cikakkun bayanai na hukuma .
Kar a manta don kunna goyon bayan VT-d da VT-x a cikin BIOS!
Muna haɗa filasha zuwa uwar garken kuma mu ƙaddamar da shi a yanayin GUI.
Standard sunan mai amfani da kalmar sirri: tushen ba tare da kalmar sirri ba.
Shafin a lokacin rubutawa: 6.7.2
Bayan fara OS, tabbatar cewa an gano duk kayan aikin da aka haɗa. Ya kamata tsarin ya ga duk faifan ku (ana nuna faifai akan Babban shafin), masu sarrafa Ethernet guda biyu da katin Wi-Fi (kuma wannan ya dace don dubawa a cikin Kayan aiki -> Na'urorin Tsarin).
Matsala tare da masu kula da Marvell SATA
Sakamakon wasu kwaro a cikin direban mai kula da Marvell, sun .
Na zabi mafi sauki bayani: kara iommu=pt zuwa siginar sigar da aka wuce zuwa Linux kernel lokacin da ta tashi. Ana yin wannan akan Babban shafin (sannan danna na'urar "Flash"). Hakanan, zaku iya fara canza saitin a kan faifan filasha: boot/syslinux/syslinux.cfg
Game da Intel vPro
Ba na ba da shawarar neman kayan aikin da ke goyan bayan vPro/AMT ba.
Da fari dai, don aiki na yau da kullun na tebur mai nisa, kuna buƙatar haɗa haɗin HDMI-dummy ko DP-dummy plug, in ba haka ba ba za a fara kunna katin bidiyo na ciki ba tare da saka idanu mai haɗawa ba.
Na biyu, ingancin software na abokin ciniki daga Intel yana da ƙarancin gaske.
Na uku, za ku cimma wannan aiki iri ɗaya don amfanin gida tare da mara waya ta HDMI/DP extender kuma ba za a iyakance ta kowace hanya ba a cikin zaɓin kayan aiki.
Tsarin hanyar sadarwa
Je zuwa Saituna -> Saitunan hanyar sadarwa. Kamar yadda ka iya tsammani, ɗaya daga cikin musaya zai duba cikin cibiyar sadarwar gida, na biyu - cikin Intanet. Don farawa, yanke shawara akan wacce za a haɗa zuwa cibiyar sadarwar ku ta gida. A kan mahaifiyata akwai lambobi masu adiresoshin MAC akan masu haɗawa, haka na gano wanene.
A taƙaice, abin da kuke buƙatar yi shi ne sanya kowane haɗin gwiwa a matsayin memba na gadoji na L2 daban-daban kuma saita adireshin IP na tsaye akan wanda aka haɗa da cibiyar sadarwar gida. A kan mahaɗin da ke kallon Intanet, ba a buƙatar adireshin IP; RouterOS zai kula da shi.
Wannan shine abin da yakamata ku samu:
- 192.168.1.2 - adireshin inda unRAID zai kasance
- 192.168.0.1 - Adireshin RouterOS
- 192.168.1.3 - Pi.hole adireshin uwar garken DNS
Kuna iya barin aikin adreshin don eth0 ta hanyar DHCP, amma idan akwai wasu matsaloli a cikin RouterOS, ba za mu sami damar shiga unRAID ba kuma muna buƙatar haɗa mai saka idanu da maɓalli zuwa uwar garken.
Bayan kafa cibiyar sadarwar, zaku iya canzawa zuwa saitin nesa ta hanyar saita adireshin IP da hannu akan abokin ciniki na LAN.
Saitin ajiya
Don gudanar da injin kama-da-wane, kuna buƙatar ajiya, don haka lokaci ya yi da za a saita ta. Ba zan bayyana shi dalla-dalla ba, tunda abu ne mai sauqi: kuna buƙatar sanya ayyuka zuwa rumbun kwamfyuta - ɗaya Disk 1, ɗayan Parity.
A kashi na farko, na rubuta cewa SSD guda ɗaya ya isa, amma a gaskiya wannan ba gaskiya ba ne: yana da kyau a ɗauki guda biyu iri ɗaya kuma a ƙirƙiri cache-pool daga gare su, don haka bayanan da ke kansu za a kiyaye su idan mutum ya gaza. . Har ila yau, unRAID ba shi da hanyar yin ajiyar bayanai daga cache. An kwatanta komai dalla-dalla .
Ya kamata yayi kama da wannan (yi hakuri, ban sayi SSD na biyu ba tukuna):
Hakanan, zaku iya saita jadawalin nan da nan don bincika daidaito da canja wurin bayanai daga cache. Ana yin wannan akan Saituna -> Shafin Mai tsarawa.
Ya isa a duba daidaito sau ɗaya kowane wata biyu, da canja wurin bayanai daga cache kowane dare.
Nan da nan zaku iya saita albarkatun da ke akwai akan hanyar sadarwar a cikin shafin Shares:
Saboda gaskiyar cewa ina da faifai guda ɗaya don cache, wuraren ba su da kariya. Dole ne komai ya zama kore.
Shigar da RouterOS
Da farko kuna buƙatar saukar da hoton ISO na shigarwa (zaɓa x86 Stable CD Hoton) kuma saka shi a ciki Towerisos.
Yanzu lokaci ya yi da za a ƙirƙiri na'ura mai kama-da-wane.
Kunna tallafi a Saituna -> Mai sarrafa VM. Bayan wannan, sabon shafin zai bayyana - VMs, je zuwa gare ta.
Danna Ƙara VM, sannan Linux.
- Zaɓi cibiya ɗaya kawai
- Ya isa ya ware 128 ko 256 megabyte na ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya
- Inji -
i440fx-3.1 - BIOS -
SeaBIOS - A cikin OS Shigar abu ISO, zaɓi hoton da aka sauke (
/mnt/user/isos/mikrotik-6.46.iso) - Girman vDisk na farko - 256M
- Bus na vDisk na farko -
SATA - Network Bridge - br0
- Ƙara hanyar sadarwa ta biyu kuma zaɓi br1
- Idan ba a nuna katin Wi-Fi na ku a cikin Wasu na'urorin PCI ba, ba laifi - za mu rubuta shi da hannu a cikin tsarin; idan an nuna shi, duba akwatin.
- A yanzu, cire alamar Fara VM bayan ƙirƙirar kuma danna Ƙirƙiri
Tuna waɗanne adiresoshin MAC ne za su karɓi waɗancan musaya, don daidaita su nan gaba a cikin RouterOS.
Don wasu dalilai, aikin atomatik na tashoshin jiragen ruwa don VM daban-daban ba koyaushe yana aiki a gare ni ba, don haka buɗe tsarin XML da aka samu kuma gyara layin tare da saitunan VNC zuwa wani abu kamar haka:
<graphics type='vnc' port='5900' autoport='no' websocket='5700' listen='0.0.0.0' keymap='en-us'>
<listen type='address' address='0.0.0.0'/>
</graphics>Idan kai, kamar ni, ba ku da adaftar Wi-Fi a cikin Wasu na'urorin PCI, shigar da shi da hannu. Don yin wannan, kuna buƙatar nemo adireshinsa akan bas ɗin PCI. Hanya mafi sauƙi don yin wannan ita ce cikin Kayan aiki -> Na'urorin Tsarin, za a sami layi a can:
IOMMU group 23: [168c:003c] 0b:00.0 Network controller: Qualcomm Atheros QCA986x/988x 802.11ac Wireless Network AdapterWanda a halina ya koma:
(Yi hakuri, saboda wasu dalilai na Habr's MD parser yana da wahala a cikin wannan bayanin, dole ne in saka hoto)
Kuna iya ƙaddamar da VM kuma ku haɗa shi ta hanyar VNC. Shigar da RouterOS abu ne mai sauqi! Bayan an sa ka zaɓi fakiti, hanya mafi sauƙi ita ce zaɓi duk tare da maɓallin a kuma gama shigarwa tare da maɓalli i, ƙin ajiye tsohuwar sanyi da yarda don tsara faifai.
Bayan sake kunnawa, shigar da admin a matsayin shiga, kuma kalmar sirri ba ta da komai.
Kira /interface print kuma tabbatar da cewa tsarin yana ganin duk hanyoyin sadarwar ku guda uku (Na ɗauki hoton sikirin daga tsarin da aka riga aka tsara, inda sunayen suka bambanta da waɗanda aka saba):
A wannan mataki zaka iya saukewa , Haɗa zuwa RouterOS ta amfani da adireshin MAC kuma yi ƙarin daidaitawa ta hanyar GUI.
Ina tsammanin cikakken tsarin na RouterOS ya wuce iyakar wannan labarin, musamman tunda akwai littattafai da yawa akan Intanet, don haka ina ba da shawarar ku fara yin daidaitaccen Saitin Saurin Sauri:
Kuna iya haɗa kebul na Intanet zuwa tashar jiragen ruwa kyauta kuma canza abokin ciniki na LAN don samun adireshin IP ta atomatik, sannan duba ayyukan Wi-Fi. Bayan tabbatar da cewa komai yana aiki, zaku iya siya ku shigar da maɓallin lasisi na RouterOS.
Ƙara Linux VM
Don yin aiki a cikin sanannen yanayi, bari mu ƙirƙiri wani injin kama-da-wane wanda akansa za mu ƙaddamar da %distro_name% da kuka fi so.
Har yanzu zazzage hoton ISO kuma saka shi a ciki isos
Je zuwa shafin VMs da aka saba, sannan Ƙara VM, yawancin saitunan yanzu ana iya barin su azaman tsoho.
- BIOS -
SeaBIOS - A cikin OS Shigar abu ISO, zaɓi hoton da aka sauke
- Girman vDisk na farko - wani abu a kusa da 10-20 GB
- Rarraba Unraid - hanyar zuwa kundin adireshi da kuke son sanyawa ga VM, a cikin akwati na
/mnt/user/shared/ - Unraid Dutsen tag
shared - Network Bridge - br0
- A yanzu, cire alamar Fara VM bayan ƙirƙirar kuma danna Ƙirƙiri
Har yanzu muna gyara saitunan uwar garken VNC a cikin saitin:
<graphics type='vnc' port='5901' autoport='no' websocket='5701' listen='0.0.0.0' keymap='en-us'>
<listen type='address' address='0.0.0.0'/>
</graphics>Shigar da tsarin, ya kamata ya karbi IP ta hanyar DHCP kuma ya sami damar shiga Intanet.
Don samar da kundin adireshi na FS akan mai watsa shiri, ƙara zuwa /etc/fstab layi mai zuwa:
shared /mnt/shared 9p trans=virtio,version=9p2000.L 0 0Yanzu zaku iya amfani da sabis ɗin da kuka saba akan na'urar Linux da kuka saba, wanda zai zama sauƙin ɗauka zuwa sauran kayan masarufi!
Idan komai yayi kyau kuma ya kunna da kashe daidai, to zaku iya siya da shigar da maɓalli don unRAID. Kar ka manta cewa an haɗa shi da GUID na filasha (ko da yake ana iya canjawa wuri). Hakanan, ba tare da lasisi ba, farawa VM ta atomatik ba zai yi aiki ba.
Ƙarshe
Na gode don karantawa har zuwa ƙarshe!
Na yi ƙoƙarin kada in rubuta da yawa, amma har yanzu ya zama tsayi sosai a ganina. Sauran fasalulluka na unRAID suna da sauƙin daidaitawa a ganina, musamman tunda an saita komai tare da linzamin kwamfuta.
Akwai ra'ayoyi masu kyau akan abin da za'a iya shigar akan VM . Ina tsammanin cewa kowa yana da bukatun kansa kuma ba shi yiwuwa a fito da jerin sunayen duniya. Kodayake, pi.hole, ba shakka, ana iya ba da shawarar ga kowa da kowa :)
Ina fata ina da isasshen ci gaba!
source: www.habr.com