A karshen watan Yuni, an gudanar da taro na gaba na kungiyar IP Club, wata al'umma da Huawei ta kirkiro don musayar ra'ayi da tattaunawa kan sabbin abubuwa a fannin fasahar sadarwa. Batutuwan da aka taso sun yi yawa: daga yanayin masana'antu na duniya da kalubalen kasuwanci da ke fuskantar abokan ciniki, zuwa takamaiman samfura da mafita, da kuma zaɓuɓɓukan aiwatar da su. A wajen taron, kwararru daga sashen samar da hanyoyin samar da kamfanoni na kasar Rasha da kuma hedkwatar kamfanin sun gabatar da sabbin dabarun samar da kayayyaki ta hanyar hanyoyin hanyoyin sadarwa, tare da bayyana cikakkun bayanai game da kayayyakin Huawei da aka fitar kwanan nan.
Tun da ina son in dace da bayanai masu amfani da yawa a cikin ƴan sa'o'i da aka ware, taron ya zama mai wadatar bayanai. Don kada ku yi amfani da bandwidth na Habr da hankalin ku, a cikin wannan sakon za mu raba mahimman abubuwan da aka tattauna a IP Club "tafiya kogi". Jin kyauta don yin tambayoyi! Za mu ba da gajerun amsoshi a nan. Da kyau, za mu rufe waɗanda ke buƙatar ƙarin ingantacciyar hanya a cikin kayan daban.
A kashi na farko na taron, baƙi sun saurari rahotannin da ƙwararrun kamfanin Huawei suka shirya, da farko kan mafita na Huawei AI Fabric bisa ga bayanan wucin gadi, wanda aka ƙera don ƙirƙirar cibiyoyin sadarwa masu cin gashin kansu na zamani masu zuwa, da kuma kan Huawei CloudCampus. , wanda yayi alƙawarin haɓaka sauye-sauyen dijital na kasuwanci ta hanyar sabon tsarin kula da tsarin sarrafa girgije. Wani shinge na daban ya haɗa da gabatarwa tare da nuances na fasahar Wi-Fi 6 da aka yi amfani da su a cikin sabbin samfuran mu.
Bayan taron taron, mahalarta kulob din sun ci gaba da sadarwa kyauta, abincin dare da kallon kyawawan maraice na Moscow a cikin ruwa. Wannan shi ne kusan abin da gabaɗayan ajanda ya zama-bari yanzu mu matsa zuwa takamaiman jawabai.
Dabarun Huawei: komai don namu, komai na namu
Shugaban jagorancin IP na Kamfanin Huawei a Rasha, Arthur Wang, ya gabatar da baƙi da dabarun ci gaba na kayayyakin cibiyar sadarwa na kamfanin. Da farko, ya zayyana tsarin da kamfanin ke gyara tafiyarsa a cikin yanayin kasuwa mai cike da tashin hankali (tuna cewa a watan Mayun 2019, hukumomin Amurka sun hada da Huawei a cikin abin da ake kira Jerin Haɗin kai).
Don farawa da, sakin layi biyu game da sakamakon da aka samu. Huawei ya kasance yana saka hannun jari don ƙarfafa matsayinsa a masana'antar shekaru da yawa, kuma yana saka hannun jari cikin tsari. Kamfanin ya sake saka hannun jari sama da 15% na kudaden shiga a cikin R&D. Daga cikin ma'aikatan Huawei sama da dubu 180, R&D sun kai fiye da dubu 80. Dubun dubatar kwararru suna da hannu wajen haɓaka kwakwalwan kwamfuta, ka'idojin masana'antu, algorithms, tsarin bayanan ɗan adam da sauran sabbin hanyoyin warwarewa. A ƙarshen 2018, haƙƙin mallaka na Huawei sun haura sama da 5100.
Huawei ya zarce sauran masu siyar da tarho a cikin adadin wakilai akan Rundunar Injiniya ta Intanet, ko IETF, wacce ke haɓaka gine-ginen Intanet da ƙa'idodi. Kashi 84% na daftarin juzu'in ma'auni na SRv6, wanda ke aiki a matsayin tushen gina sabbin hanyoyin sadarwa na 5G, kwararrun Huawei kuma sun shirya su. A cikin ƙungiyoyin haɓaka ma'auni na Wi-Fi 6, ƙwararrun kamfanin sun ba da shawarwari kusan 240 - fiye da kowane ɗan wasa a cikin kasuwar tarho. Sakamakon haka, baya cikin 2018, Huawei ya fito da wurin samun damar farko da ke tallafawa Wi-Fi 6.
Daya daga cikin manyan fa'idodin Huawei na dogon lokaci a nan gaba shine canzawa zuwa kwakwalwan kwamfuta masu tasowa gaba daya. Yana ɗaukar shekaru 3-5 don kawo guntu na ih-gida guda ɗaya zuwa kasuwa tare da saka hannun jari na dala biliyan da yawa. Don haka kamfanin ya fara aiwatar da sabon dabarun tun da wuri kuma yanzu yana nuna sakamakon da ya dace. Shekaru 20, Huawei yana haɓaka kwakwalwan kwamfuta na Solar, kuma a cikin 2019 wannan aikin ya ƙare a cikin ƙirƙirar Solar S: masu amfani da hanyoyin sadarwa don cibiyoyin bayanai, ƙofofin tsaro, da na'urorin AR-aji na masana'antu bisa tushen Esoks. Sakamakon tsaka-tsaki na wannan tsarin dabarun, kamfanin shekara daya da rabi da ta gabata ya fitar da na'ura mai sarrafa na'ura ta farko a duniya don manyan hanyoyin sadarwa, wanda aka kera ta hanyar amfani da fasahar sarrafa nanometer 7.
Wani fifikon Huawei shine haɓaka namu software da dandamali na hardware. Ciki har da hadaddun VRP (Versatile Routing Platform), wanda ke taimakawa da sauri aiwatar da sabbin fasahohi a cikin duk jerin samfuran.
Huawei kuma yana yin fare haɓakawa da gwajin sabbin fasahohi, dangane da zagayowar haɓaka samfuran haɓaka (IPD): yana ba ku damar aiwatar da sabbin ayyuka da sauri a cikin samfuran samfuran iri-iri. Daga cikin manyan katunan trump na Huawei a nan akwai wani katafaren masana'anta da aka rarraba, tare da wurare a Nanjing, Beijing, Suzhou da Hangzhou, don gwajin sarrafa kansa na mafita a cikin kamfanoni. Tare da wani yanki na kan 20 dubu murabba'in mita. m. da kuma fiye da 10 dubu tashar jiragen ruwa da aka ware don gwaji, hadaddun yana ba ku damar yin aiki fiye da 200 dubu daban-daban al'amura don aikin kayan aiki, wanda ke rufe 90% na yanayin da zai iya tasowa yayin aikinsa.
Har ila yau, Huawei yana mai da hankali kan sassauƙan hulɗar sassa na tsarin halittar sa, ƙarfin samar da kayan aikin ICT na kansa, da kuma sabis na girgije na DemoCloud don abokan ciniki da abokan tarayya.
Amma mafi mahimmanci, muna maimaitawa, Huawei yana aiki tuƙuru don maye gurbin abubuwan haɓaka kayan aikin waje a cikin mafita tare da nasa. Ana aiwatar da canji bisa ga tsarin gudanarwa "", godiya ga wanda aka tsara kowane tsari a fili. Sakamakon haka, a nan gaba, za a maye gurbin chips ɗin kamfanin gaba ɗaya da wasu na uku. Za a gabatar da samfura 108 na sabbin samfura bisa kayan aikin Huawei a rabin na biyu na 2019. Daga cikin su akwai masu amfani da hanyar sadarwa na masana'antu AR6300 da AR6280 tare da tashar jiragen ruwa mai hawa 100GE, waɗanda za a sake su a cikin Oktoba.
A lokaci guda, Huawei yana da isasshen lokaci don yin canji zuwa haɓaka cikin gida: Ya zuwa yanzu, hukumomin Amurka sun ba Broadcom da Intel damar samar da kwakwalwan kwamfuta na Huawei na tsawon shekaru biyu. A lokacin gabatarwar, Arthur Wang ya gaggauta tabbatar wa masu sauraro game da gine-ginen ARM, wanda aka yi amfani da shi, musamman, a cikin kayan aikin sadarwa na AR: lasisi don ARMv8 (wanda, alal misali, an gina processor na Kirin 980) yana riƙe., kuma a lokacin da ƙarni na tara na masu sarrafa ARM suka shiga mataki, Huawei zai kammala nasa ƙira.
Huawei CloudCampus Network Solution - cibiyoyin sadarwa masu dacewa da sabis
Zhao Zhipeng, Daraktan Sashen Sadarwa na Harabar Kamfanin Huawei, ya bayyana nasarorin da tawagarsa ta samu. Dangane da kididdigar da ya gabatar, Huawei CloudCampus Network Solution, mafita ga cibiyoyin cibiyoyin harabar sabis, a halin yanzu yana hidima fiye da kamfanoni dubu 1,5 daga manyan masana'antu masu girma da matsakaici.
A matsayin ainihin irin wannan kayan aikin, Huawei a yau yana ba da CloudEngine jerin sauyawa, kuma da farko CloudEngine S12700E don tsara bayanan da ba tare da toshewa ba a cikin hanyar sadarwa. Yana da babban ƙarfin canzawa (57,6 Tbit / s) kuma mafi girma (a tsakanin mafita masu kama da juna) 100GE tashar tashar jiragen ruwa. Hakanan, CloudEngine S12700E yana iya tallafawa haɗin mara waya na fiye da masu amfani da dubu 50 da wuraren samun damar mara waya ta dubu 10. A lokaci guda, da cikakken shirin Solar chipset yana ba ku damar sabunta ayyuka ba tare da maye gurbin kayan aiki ba. Har ila yau, godiya gare shi, ingantaccen juyin halitta na hanyar sadarwa yana yiwuwa - daga tsarin gine-ginen gargajiya na gargajiya, wanda tarihi ya kasance a cikin cibiyar bayanai, zuwa hanyar sadarwa mai daidaitawa dangane da fasahar sadarwar da aka ayyana (SDN): cibiyar sadarwa mai dacewa da sabis. damar ci gaba a hankali.
A cikin kayan aikin da aka danganta da masu sauyawa na CloudEngine, ana samun haɗin haɗin yanar gizo da mara waya ta sauƙi: ana sarrafa su ta amfani da mai sarrafawa guda ɗaya.
Hakanan, tsarin telemetry yana ba ku damar saka idanu na na'urorin cibiyar sadarwa a cikin ainihin lokaci kuma a bayyane a bayyane ayyukan kowane mai amfani. Kuma mai binciken cibiyar sadarwa na CampusInsight, ta hanyar sarrafa manyan bayanai, yana taimakawa wajen gano kurakuran da za a iya yi cikin sauri da kuma gano tushen su. Tsarin aiki na tushen AI da tsarin kulawa yana rage saurin amsawa ga matsaloli-wani lokaci har zuwa mintuna da yawa.
Ɗaya daga cikin manyan damar abubuwan more rayuwa tare da CloudEngine S12700E a ainihin shine ƙaddamar da keɓaɓɓen cibiyoyin sadarwa don ƙungiyoyi da yawa.
Daga cikin sababbin abubuwan fasaha waɗanda ke ƙayyade fa'idodin hanyar sadarwa dangane da CloudEngine S12700E, uku sun fice:
- Turbo mai ƙarfi. Fasaha da ta dogara da manufar "yanke" albarkatun cibiyar sadarwa don nau'ikan zirga-zirga, wanda aka karɓa a cikin hanyoyin sadarwar 5G. Godiya ga mafita na hardware dangane da Wi-Fi 6 da algorithms na kansa, yana ba ku damar rage latency don aikace-aikacen da babban fifikon hanyar sadarwa zuwa 10 ms.
- Canja wurin bayanai mara hasara. Fasaha ta DCB (Data Center Bridging) tana hana asarar fakiti.
- "Smart eriya". Yana kawar da "dips" a cikin yankin ɗaukar hoto kuma yana iya fadada shi da 20%.
Huawei AI Fabric: hankali na wucin gadi a cikin "genome" na hanyar sadarwa
A nasu bangaren, King Tsui, babban injiniyan sashen fasahohin sadarwa da hanyoyin warware hanyoyin sadarwa na kamfanin Huawei Enterprise, da Peter Zhang, darektan tallace-tallace na layin hanyoyin samar da bayanai na wannan sashe, kowannensu ya gabatar da shawarwarin da kamfanin ke taimakawa wajen tura cibiyoyin bayanai na zamani.
Daidaitaccen hanyoyin sadarwa na Ethernet suna ƙara kasawa don samar da bandwidth na cibiyar sadarwa da ake buƙata ta hanyar kwamfuta da tsarin ajiya na zamani. Wadannan buƙatun suna girma ne: bisa ga masana, a tsakiyar shekarun 2020s masana'antu mai hankali ne dangane da haɓaka wucin gadi da kuma, wataƙila, amfani da lissafin kumburi.
A halin yanzu akwai manyan abubuwa guda uku a cikin ayyukan cibiyoyin bayanai:
- Ultra-high-gudun watsawa na manyan magudanan bayanai. Madaidaicin madaidaicin XNUMX-gigabit ba zai jimre da karuwar ninki ashirin na zirga-zirga ba. Kuma a yau irin wannan ajiyar ya zama dole.
- Yin aiki da kai a cikin tura ayyuka da aikace-aikace.
- "Smart" O&M. Magance matsalolin mai amfani da hannu ko ta atomatik yana ɗaukar sa'o'i, wanda lokaci ne da ba za a yarda da shi ba ta ƙa'idodin 2019, ban da nan gaba.
Don saduwa da su, Huawei ya ƙirƙiri wani bayani na AI Fabric don tura cibiyoyin sadarwa na gaba-gaba waɗanda ke iya watsa bayanai ba tare da asara ba kuma tare da ƙarancin latency (a 1 μs). Babban ra'ayin AI Fabric shine sauyawa daga kayan aikin TCP/IP zuwa cibiyar sadarwar RoCE mai haɗuwa. Irin wannan hanyar sadarwar tana ba da damar samun damar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya kai tsaye (RDMA), tana dacewa da Ethernet na yau da kullun kuma yana iya kasancewa "a saman" kayan aikin cibiyar sadarwa na tsoffin cibiyoyin bayanai.
A cikin zuciyar AI Fabric shine farkon cibiyar bayanai na masana'antu wanda ke amfani da guntu na bayanan wucin gadi. Algorithm ɗin sa na iLossless yana haɓaka ayyukan cibiyar sadarwa dangane da ƙayyadaddun zirga-zirgar zirga-zirga kuma a ƙarshe yana haɓaka haɓakar ƙididdiga a cikin cibiyoyin bayanai.
Tare da fasahohi guda uku-daidaitaccen gano cunkoso, daidaitaccen nauyi mai ƙarfi, da sarrafa saurin gudu-Huawei AI Fabric yana rage jinkirin abubuwan more rayuwa, kusan yana kawar da asarar fakiti, kuma yana faɗaɗa kayan aikin cibiyar sadarwa. Don haka, Huawei AI Fabric ya dace sosai don ƙirƙirar tsarin ajiya da aka rarraba, mafita AI, da ƙira mai ɗaukar nauyi.
Canjin farko na masana'antar tare da ginanniyar bayanan wucin gadi shine Huawei CloudEngine 16800, sanye take da katin cibiyar sadarwa 400GE mai tashar jiragen ruwa 48 da guntu mai kunna AI kuma yana da yuwuwar sarrafa kayan more rayuwa mai cin gashin kansa. Saboda tsarin bincike da aka gina a cikin CloudEngine 16800 da kuma cibiyar nazarin cibiyar sadarwa ta FabricInsight, yana yiwuwa a gano gazawar cibiyar sadarwa da abubuwan da suka haifar a cikin dakika. Ayyukan tsarin AI akan CloudEngine 16800 ya kai 8 Tflops.
Wi-Fi 6 a matsayin tushen ƙirƙira
Daga cikin manyan abubuwan da Huawei ke ba da fifiko shine haɓaka daidaitattun Wi-Fi 6, wanda ke ƙarƙashin mafi yawan hanyoyin tabbatar da gaba. A cikin karamin rahotonsa, Alexander Kobzantsev ya bayyana dalla-dalla dalilin da yasa kamfanin ya dogara da 802.11ax. Musamman ma, ya bayyana fa'idodin ma'auni na ma'auni mai yawa (OFDMA), wanda ke sa cibiyar sadarwa ta ƙayyade, yana rage yiwuwar rikici a cikin hanyar sadarwa kuma yana ba da kwanciyar hankali ko da a fuskar haɗin kai da yawa.
ƙarshe
Idan aka yi la’akari da yadda masu kula da kulab ɗin IP ɗin suka fita cikin hayyacinsu da tarin tambayoyin da suka yi wa mambobin ƙungiyar Huawei, taron ya yi nasara. Wadanda suke so su ci gaba da sadarwa mai mahimmanci game da makomar fasahar sadarwa tare da mutane masu tunani iri ɗaya sun kasance masu sha'awar a ina da kuma lokacin da taron kulob na gaba zai faru. Gaskiya ne, wannan bayanin sirri ne wanda har yanzu ba a samu masu shiryawa ba. Da zarar an san lokaci da wurin taron, za mu ba da sanarwar.
Amma abin da ke da tabbas shi ne cewa nan ba da jimawa ba za mu rubuta rubutu game da aiwatar da CloudCampus tare da cikakkun bayanai daga injiniyoyinmu - ku kasance da mu don sabuntawa a kan shafin yanar gizon Huawei. Af, watakila ku da kanku kuna son sanin wani abu na musamman game da CloudCampus? Tambayi a cikin sharhi!
source: www.habr.com