Muna magana ne game da Multi-core CPUs daga masana'antun duniya.
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48 kwarya
A ƙarshen 2018, Intel Cascade-AP architecture. Waɗannan na'urori masu sarrafawa za su goyi bayan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan 48, suna da shimfidar guntu da yawa da tashoshi 12 na DDR4 DRAM. Wannan hanyar za ta samar da babban matakin daidaitawa, wanda ke da amfani wajen sarrafa manyan bayanai a cikin girgije. An tsara sakin samfuran bisa Cascade-AP don 2019.
akan na'urori masu sarrafawa 48-core kuma a cikin IBM tare da Samsung. Suna ƙirƙirar kwakwalwan kwamfuta bisa ga gine-gine . Sabbin na'urorin za su goyi bayan ka'idar OpenCAPI 4.0 da bas ɗin NVLink 3.0. Na farko zai samar da dacewa da baya tare da POWER9, na biyu kuma zai hanzarta canja wurin bayanai tsakanin sassan tsarin kwamfuta har zuwa 20 Gbit/s. Hakanan an san cewa POWER10 yana da sabbin fasahar I/O da ingantattun masu sarrafa ƙwaƙwalwa.
Da farko, za a kera kwakwalwan kwamfuta a GlobalFoundries ta amfani da fasahar tsari na 10nm, amma sai aka zaɓi zaɓi don goyon bayan fasahar TSMC da 7nm. Ana shirin kammala ci gaba tsakanin 2020 zuwa 2022. Nan da shekarar 2023, kamfanin zai kuma fitar da kwakwalwan kwamfuta na POWER11, wanda aka kera ta amfani da fasahar tsari na 7nm tare da ma'aunin transistor na biliyan 20.
By , 48-core Intel mafita aiki sau uku da sauri fiye da takwarorinsu na AMD (tare da 32 cores). Dangane da POWER10, babu abin da aka sani game da aikin sa tukuna. Amma cewa sabon ƙarni na na'urori masu sarrafawa za su sami aikace-aikace a fagen nazari da manyan bayanai.
56 kwarya
Kwanan nan Intel ne ya sanar da irin wannan kwakwalwan kwamfuta - za a kera su ta amfani da fasahar tsari na 14-nm. Suna tallafawa ƙirar ƙwaƙwalwar Optane DC dangane da 3D Xpoint kuma suna da faci don raunin Specter da Foreshadow. Sabbin na'urori sun zo tare da tashoshi na ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya na 12 da kuma adadin ginanniyar haɓakawa don magance matsaloli a cikin girgije, da kuma aiki tare da tsarin AI da ML da kuma cibiyoyin sadarwa na 5G.
Za a kira samfurin flagship tare da nau'i na 56 Platinum 9282. Mitar agogon zai kasance 2,6 GHz, tare da ikon wuce gona da iri zuwa 3,8 GHz. Guntu yana da 77MB na cache L3, layin PCIe 3.0 arba'in, da 400W na wutar lantarki a kowane soket. Farashin masu sarrafawa yana farawa daga dala dubu goma.
Masu haɓaka cewa Optane DC zai rage lokacin sake yi na tsarin kwamfuta daga mintuna da yawa zuwa dakika da yawa. Har ila yau, sabon guntu zai ba ku damar yin aiki da adadi mai yawa na injuna a cikin yanayin girgije. Ana sa ran mai sarrafa 56-core zai rage farashin kiyaye VM guda da kashi 30%. Duk da haka, masana cewa sabbin na'urori masu sarrafawa ainihin sabuntawa ne na Xeon Scalable. Microarchitecture da saurin agogon guntu sun kasance iri ɗaya.
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64 kwarya
Irin wannan processor a karshen shekarar da ta gabata da AMD. Muna magana ne game da sabbin kwakwalwan uwar garken Epyc na 64-core dangane da fasahar tsari na 7nm. Ya kamata a gabatar da su a wannan shekara. Adadin tashoshin DDR4 zai zama takwas a mitar 2,2 GHz, kuma za a ƙara 256 MB na cache L3. Za a sami kwakwalwan kwamfuta 128 PCI Express 4.0 hanyoyi maimakon sigar 3.0, wanda zai ninka abin da aka samu.
Amma da yawa daga cikin mazauna News Hacker cewa ci gaban yawan aiki ba koyaushe yana da fa'ida ga masu amfani da su ba. Bayan haɓakar wutar lantarki, farashin masu sarrafawa kuma yana ƙaruwa, wanda zai iya rage buƙatar masu amfani.
Kamfanin Huawei kuma ya kera na'urar mai nauyin 64-core. Kunpeng 920 kwakwalwan kwamfuta su ne masu sarrafa sabar ARM. Ana aiwatar da masana'anta ta TSMC ta amfani da fasahar tsari na 7nm. An riga an samar da sabobin TaiShan tare da sababbin na'urori tare da mitar agogo na 2,6 GHz, tallafi don musaya na PCIe 4.0 da CCIX. An tsara na ƙarshe don yin aiki tare da manyan bayanai da aikace-aikace a cikin girgije.
Na'urori na Huawei sun riga sun nuna haɓaka aikin 20% a cikin gwaje-gwaje tare da sabar TaiShan. Bugu da kari, bandwidth na ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya ya karu da 46% idan aka kwatanta da samfuran kamfanin na baya.
Jimlar
Gabaɗaya, zamu iya cewa gasa a cikin kasuwar guntu uwar garken a cikin 2019 za ta yi girma. Masu masana'anta suna ƙara ƙarar ma'auni, suna ba da kayan sarrafawa tare da tallafi don sabbin ka'idojin canja wurin bayanai, da ƙoƙarin yin samfuran ayyuka da yawa. Saboda wannan, masu cibiyar bayanai suna da ƙarin damar da za su zaɓi mafita da suka dace da takamaiman nau'ikan lodi da takamaiman ayyuka.
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source: www.habr.com