Makon da ya gabata, Gidauniyar Linux yayin taron Jagorancin Budaddiyar Budaddiyar sa akan ƙirƙirar sabon asusu don ayyukan Buɗewa. Wani cibiya mai zaman kanta don haɓaka fasahohin buɗewa [da masana'antu da ake buƙata] an tsara su don haɗa kayan aikin injiniyoyi na DevOps, kuma mafi daidai, don tsarawa da aiwatar da ci gaba da aiwatar da hanyoyin isar da bututun CI / CD. An kira kungiyar: The (CDF).
Don ƙarin fahimtar dalilin da yasa aka ƙirƙiri irin waɗannan tushe a ƙarƙashin ƙungiyar iyaye Linux Foundation, kawai duba wani sanannen misali - CNCF (Gidauniyar Ƙididdigar Ƙwararrun Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru). Wannan asusun ya bayyana a cikin 2015 kuma tun daga lokacin ya karɓi cikin sahu da yawa ayyukan Buɗaɗɗen tushen da gaske waɗanda ke bayyana yanayin zamani na kayan aikin girgije IT: Kubernetes, kwantena, Prometheus, da sauransu.
Ƙungiyar da kanta tana aiki a matsayin dandamali mai zaman kanta a kan abin da ake gudanar da waɗannan ayyuka da haɓakawa a cikin bukatun mahalarta kasuwa daban-daban. Don wannan dalili, an ƙirƙiri kwamitocin fasaha da tallace-tallace a cikin CNCF, an karɓi wasu ka'idoji da dokoki. (idan kuna sha'awar cikakkun bayanai, muna ba da shawarar karantawa, misali, )... Kuma, kamar yadda muke gani a cikin misalan "rayuwa", tsarin yana aiki: ayyukan da ke ƙarƙashin sashen CNCF sun zama masu girma da kuma samun shahara a cikin masana'antu, duka a tsakanin masu amfani da ƙarshen da kuma tsakanin masu haɓakawa da ke shiga cikin ci gaban su.
Bayan wannan nasara (Bayan haka, yawancin ayyukan girgije na CNCF sun riga sun zama wani ɓangare na rayuwar yau da kullun na injiniyoyin DevOps), Gabaɗaya abubuwan da ke faruwa a cikin IT da bayyanar su a cikin Buɗewar Duniyar Tushen, Gidauniyar Linux ta yanke shawarar "mallakawa" (ko zai zama mafi daidai a faɗi "promote") sabon niche:
“Ci gaba da Bayarwa Gidauniyar (CDF) za ta zama gida mai tsaka-tsaki don mahimman ayyukan Buɗewar Tushen da aka sadaukar don ci gaba da bayarwa da ƙayyadaddun bayanai waɗanda ke haɓaka ayyukan bututun mai. CDF za ta sauƙaƙe hulɗar manyan masu haɓakawa, masu amfani na ƙarshe da masu siyarwa daga masana'antu, haɓaka hanyoyin CI / CD da DevOps, ayyana da kuma rubuta mafi kyawun ayyuka, ƙirƙirar jagorori da kayan horo waɗanda zasu ba ƙungiyoyin haɓaka software daga ko'ina cikin duniya don aiwatar da CI. / CD mafi kyawun ayyuka."
Idea
Babban dabi'u da ka'idodin da ke jagorantar CDF a halin yanzu kamar kungiyar:
- ... ya yi imani da ikon ci gaba da bayarwa da kuma yadda yake ba wa masu haɓakawa da ƙungiyoyi damar sakin software mai inganci akai-akai;
- … ya yi imani da buɗaɗɗen mafita waɗanda za a iya amfani da su tare a duk tsawon tsarin isar da software;
- ... noma da goyan bayan yanayin yanayin ayyukan Buɗaɗɗen Madogarawa waɗanda ke da 'yancin kai daga masu siyarwa ta hanyar haɗin gwiwa da daidaituwar juna;
- ... yana haɓakawa da ƙarfafa masu aikin bayarwa na ci gaba don haɗa kai, raba da inganta ayyukansu.
Mahalarta da ayyuka
Amma kyawawan kalmomi sune yawancin 'yan kasuwa, waɗanda ba koyaushe suke daidai da abin da ke faruwa a zahiri ba. Kuma a cikin wannan ma'ana, za a iya yin ra'ayi na farko na kungiyar ta wanne kamfanoni ne suka kafa ta kuma waɗanne ayyukan suka zama "ɗan fari".
Manyan membobin CDF sune , wato: Capital One, daya daga cikin manyan bankunan Amurka 10, da wakilan masana'antu sun fi sanin injiniyoyin IT a cikin mutum na CircleCI, CloudBees, Google, Huawei, IBM, JFrog da Netflix. Wasu daga cikinsu sun riga sun yi magana game da irin wannan gagarumin taron a cikin shafukan su, amma fiye da haka a kasa.
Mahalarta CDF kuma sun haɗa da ƙarshen masu amfani da ayyukanta - CNCF tana da nau'i iri ɗaya, inda zaku iya samun eBay, Pinterest, Twitter, Wikimedia da sauran su. A game da sabon asusun, akwai mahalarta 15 ne kawai ya zuwa yanzu, amma sunaye masu ban sha'awa da sanannun sun riga sun bayyana a cikinsu: Autodesk, GitLab, Puppet, Rancher, Red Hat, SAP kuma a zahiri sun shiga. Sysdig.
Yanzu, watakila, game da babban abu - game da ayyukan da aka ba CDF kulawa. A lokacin da aka kafa kungiyar akwai hudu daga cikinsu:
Jenkins da Jenkins X
tsarin CI/CD ne wanda ba ya buƙatar kowane gabatarwa na musamman, wanda aka rubuta a cikin Java, kuma ya kasance a cikin shekaru masu yawa (kawai kuyi tunani: sakin farko - a cikin nau'in Hudson - ya faru shekaru 14 da suka gabata!), wanda ya samu dakaru marasa adadi na plugins.
Babban tsarin kasuwanci a bayan Jenkins a yau ana iya la'akari da shi CloudBees, wanda darektan fasaha shine ainihin marubucin aikin (Kohsuke Kawaguchi) kuma wanda ya zama daya daga cikin wadanda suka kafa tushe.
- wannan aikin kuma yana bin bashi mai yawa ga CloudBees (kamar yadda zaku iya tsammani, manyan masu haɓakawa suna kan ma'aikatan kamfani ɗaya ne), duk da haka, ba kamar Jenkins kanta ba, maganin sabon abu ne - yana da shekara guda kawai.
Jenkins X yana ba da mafita mai maɓalli don tsara CI/CD don aikace-aikacen girgije na zamani waɗanda aka tura a cikin gungu na Kubernetes. Don cimma wannan, JX yana ba da aikin sarrafa bututu, ginanniyar aiwatar da GitOps, yanayin samfoti, da sauran fasalulluka. An gabatar da gine-ginen Jenkins X kamar haka:
Tarin samfur - Jenkins, Knative Build, Prow, Skaffold da Helm. Ƙarin game da aikin mu kan cibiya.
Dan wasa
dandamali ne mai ci gaba da bayarwa wanda Netflix ya kirkira wanda aka bude shi a cikin 2015. Google a halin yanzu yana da hannu sosai a cikin haɓakarsa: ta hanyar ƙoƙarin haɗin gwiwa, ana haɓaka samfurin azaman mafita ga manyan ƙungiyoyi waɗanda ƙungiyoyin DevOps ke hidima ga ƙungiyoyin ci gaba da yawa.
Mabuɗin mahimmin ra'ayi a cikin Spinnaker don bayyana ayyuka sune aikace-aikace, tari da ƙungiyoyin sabar, kuma kasancewarsu zuwa duniyar waje ana sarrafa su ta hanyar ma'aunin nauyi da wuta:
Ana iya samun ƙarin bayani game da ainihin na'urar Spinnaker a ciki .
Dandalin yana ba ku damar yin aiki tare da wurare daban-daban na girgije ciki har da Kubernetes, OpenStack da masu samar da girgije daban-daban (AWS EC2, GCE, GKE, GAE, Azure, Infrastructure Oracle Cloud), da kuma haɗawa tare da samfurori da ayyuka daban-daban:
- tare da tsarin CI (Jenkins, Travis CI) a cikin bututu;
- tare da Datadog, Prometheus, Stackdriver da SignalFx - don lura da abubuwan da suka faru;
- tare da Slack, HipChat da Twilio - don sanarwa;
- tare da Packer, Chef da Puppet - don injunan kama-da-wane.
Shi ke nan zuwa Netflix game da shigar Spinnaker a cikin sabon asusun:
"Nasarar Spinnaker ta samu ne a babban bangare ga al'ummar kamfanoni da mutanen da suke amfani da ita kuma suna ba da gudummawa ga ci gabanta. Canja wurin Spinnaker zuwa CDF zai ƙarfafa wannan al'umma. Wannan matakin zai karfafa sauye-sauye da saka hannun jari daga wasu kamfanoni da suke kallo daga gefe. Bude kofa ga sabbin kamfanoni zai kawo karin sabbin abubuwa ga Spinnaker wanda zai amfani kowa da kowa."
Kuma a cikin A lokacin ƙirƙirar Gidauniyar Isar da Ci gaba, an lura da shi daban cewa "Spinnaker wani tsari ne mai tarin yawa wanda ya yi daidai da Tekton." Wannan ya kawo mu aikin ƙarshe da aka haɗa a cikin sabon asusun.
da Tekton
- tsarin da aka gabatar a cikin nau'i na gama gari don ƙirƙira da daidaita tsarin CI / CD wanda ke nuna aikin bututun mai a cikin mahalli daban-daban, gami da injunan kama-da-wane na yau da kullun, uwar garken da Kubernetes.
Waɗannan abubuwan da kansu sune albarkatun "Kubernetes-style" (wanda aka aiwatar a cikin K8s kanta azaman CRDs) waɗanda ke aiki azaman tubalan ginin ma'anar bututun mai. An gabatar da taƙaitaccen misalin yadda ake amfani da su a cikin gungu na K8s .
Tarin samfurin da Tekton ke goyan bayan zai riga ya zama kamar saba: Jenkins, Jenkins X, Skaffold da Knative. Google Cloud ya yi imanin cewa Tekton yana magance "matsalar Open Source al'umma da kuma manyan dillalai da ke aiki tare don sabunta abubuwan more rayuwa na CI/CD."
...
Ta hanyar kwatankwacin CNCF, CDF ta kirkiro kwamitin fasaha (Kwamitin Kula da Fasaha, TOC), wanda alhakinsa ya haɗa da la'akari da batutuwa (da yanke shawara) game da haɗa sabbin ayyuka a cikin asusun. Sauran bayanai game da kungiyar kanta a kan ba tukuna ba, amma wannan al'ada ce kuma lokaci ne kawai.
Mu kawo karshen maganar daga :
"Yanzu, a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin sababbin kamfanoni na ci gaba da bayarwa, za mu dauki alkawarinmu [don ƙirƙirar fasahar da ta dace da duniya don tallafawa sauran hanyoyin CI / CD] zuwa mataki na gaba. Wannan sabuwar ƙungiyar za ta fitar da ka'idojin isar da ci gaba na gaba wanda zai haɓaka sake zagayowar software ta hanyar haɗin gwiwa da buɗe ido. Tare da karɓar Jenkins, Jenkins X, Spinnaker da sauran fasahohin da ke ƙarƙashin reshe na wannan tushe, muna ganin kyakkyawar makoma ga CI/CD!
PS
Karanta kuma a kan shafinmu:
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source: www.habr.com