Duniya ta ga samfurin farko na ajiyar abu a cikin 1996. A cikin shekaru 10, Sabis na Yanar Gizo na Amazon zai ƙaddamar da Amazon S3, kuma duniya za ta fara hauka cikin tsari tare da sararin adireshi mai lebur. Godiya ga aiki tare da metadata da ikonsa na sikelin ba tare da sagging a ƙarƙashin kaya ba, ajiyar abu da sauri ya zama ma'auni don yawancin sabis ɗin ajiyar bayanan girgije, kuma ba wai kawai ba. Wani muhimmin fasalin shi ne cewa ya dace sosai don adana kayan tarihi da fayilolin da ba a saba amfani da su ba. Duk wanda ke da hannu a cikin ajiyar bayanai ya yi murna kuma ya sa sabon fasaha a hannunsa.
Amma jita-jita na mutane sun cika da jita-jita cewa ajiyar kayan abu ne kawai game da manyan girgije, kuma idan ba ku buƙatar mafita daga 'yan jari-hujja da aka la'anta, to zai yi wuya a yi naku. An riga an rubuta da yawa game da tura naku girgije, amma babu isassun bayanai game da ƙirƙirar abubuwan da ake kira S3-masu jituwa.
Saboda haka, a yau za mu gano wane zaɓi akwai "Don haka ya zama kamar manya, ba CEPH da babban fayil ba," za mu tura ɗayan su, kuma za mu duba cewa duk abin yana aiki ta amfani da Veeam Backup & Replication. Yana da'awar yana tallafawa aiki tare da ma'ajiyar masu jituwa S3, kuma za mu gwada wannan da'awar.
Wasu fa?
Ina ba da shawarar farawa da ƙaramin bayyani na kasuwa da zaɓuɓɓukan ajiyar abubuwa. Babban sanannen jagora da ma'auni shine Amazon S3. Biyu mafi kusancin masu bi shine Microsoft Azure Blob Storage da IBM Cloud Object Storage.
Shin duka kenan? Ashe da gaske babu sauran masu fafatawa? Tabbas, akwai masu fafatawa, amma wasu suna bin hanyarsu, kamar Google Cloud ko Oracle Cloud Object Storage, tare da rashin cikakken goyon baya ga S3 API. Wasu suna amfani da tsoffin juzu'in API, kamar Baidu Cloud. Kuma wasu, kamar Hitachi Cloud, suna buƙatar dabaru na musamman, wanda tabbas zai haifar da nasa matsalolin. A kowane hali, kowa yana kwatanta da Amazon, wanda za'a iya la'akari da matsayin masana'antu.
Amma a cikin mafita na kan layi akwai zaɓi mai yawa, don haka bari mu zayyana ma'auni masu mahimmanci a gare mu. A ka'ida, biyu kawai sun isa: tallafi don S3 API da amfani da sa hannun v4. Hannu a kan zuciya, mu, a matsayin abokin ciniki na gaba, kawai sha'awar musaya don hulɗa, kuma ba mu da sha'awar ɗakin dafa abinci na ciki na ɗakin ajiyar kanta.
Yawancin mafita sun dace da waɗannan yanayi masu sauƙi. Misali, classic kamfanoni masu nauyi:
- DellEMC ECS
- NetApp S3 StorageGrid
- Nutanix Buckets
- Tsabtace Ma'ajiya FlashBlade da StorReduce
- Huawei FusionStorage
Akwai keɓaɓɓen mafita na software zalla waɗanda ke aiki daga cikin akwatin:
- Red Hat Ceph
- Adana Kasuwancin SUSE
- Cloudian
Kuma ko da waɗanda suke son yin rajistar a hankali bayan taro ba a yi musu laifi ba:
- CEPH a cikin mafi kyawun sigar sa
- Minio (Sigar Linux, saboda akwai tambayoyi da yawa game da sigar Windows)
Jerin ya yi nisa daga cikakke; ana iya tattauna shi a cikin sharhi. Kada ka manta don duba aikin tsarin ban da dacewa da API kafin aiwatarwa. Abu na ƙarshe da kuke so shine rasa terabyte na bayanai saboda makalewar tambayoyin. Don haka kada ku ji kunya tare da gwajin lodi. Gabaɗaya, duk software na manya waɗanda ke aiki tare da ɗimbin bayanai suna da aƙalla rahotannin dacewa. Idan akwai Veeam ne akan gwajin juna, wanda ke ba mu damar amincewa da bayyana cikakkiyar daidaituwar samfuranmu tare da takamaiman kayan aiki. Wannan ya rigaya aiki ne na hanyoyi biyu, ba koyaushe cikin sauri ba, amma muna ci gaba da fadadawa gwajin mafita.
Haɗa tsayawarmu
Ina so in yi magana kadan game da zabar batun gwaji.
Na farko, Ina so in nemo wani zaɓi wanda zai yi aiki daidai daga cikin akwatin. To, ko aƙalla tare da matsakaicin yuwuwar cewa zai yi aiki ba tare da buƙatar yin motsin da ba dole ba. Yin rawa tare da tambourine da tinkering tare da na'urar wasan bidiyo a cikin dare yana da ban sha'awa sosai, amma wani lokacin kuna son ta yi aiki nan da nan. Kuma gaba ɗaya amincin irin waɗannan mafita yawanci ya fi girma. Kuma a, ruhun sha'awar ya ɓace a cikinmu, mun daina hawa cikin tagogin matan da muke ƙauna, da dai sauransu (c).
Abu na biyu, a gaskiya, buƙatar yin aiki tare da ajiyar abubuwa ta taso a cikin manyan kamfanoni masu kyau, don haka wannan shine ainihin lamarin yayin da ake duban matakan matakan kasuwanci ba wai kawai abin kunya ba ne, har ma da ƙarfafawa. A kowane hali, har yanzu ban san kowane misalan wani da aka kora don siyan irin waɗannan hanyoyin ba.
Dangane da duk abubuwan da ke sama, zaɓi na ya faɗi Dell EMC ECS Community Edition. Wannan aiki ne mai ban sha'awa, kuma ina ganin ya zama dole in gaya muku game da shi.
Abu na farko da ke zuwa hankali lokacin da kuka ga ƙari Ƙungiyar Community - cewa wannan kwafin cikakken ECS ne kawai tare da wasu ƙuntatawa waɗanda aka cire ta hanyar siyan lasisi. Don haka a'a!
Ka tuna:
!Tsarin Al'umma wani shiri ne na daban da aka ƙirƙira don gwaji, kuma ba tare da goyan bayan fasaha daga Dell ba!!
Kuma ba za a iya juya shi zuwa cikakken ECS ba, ko da da gaske kuna so.
Bari mu gane shi
Mutane da yawa sun yi imanin cewa Dell EMC ECS shine kusan mafi kyawun bayani idan kuna buƙatar ajiyar abu. Duk ayyukan da ke ƙarƙashin alamar ECS, gami da kasuwanci da kamfanoni, sun dogara ne akan su . Wani nau'i na fatan alheri daga Dell. Kuma baya ga software da ke aiki akan kayan aikinsu, akwai buɗaɗɗen sigar tushe da za a iya turawa a cikin gajimare, a kan na'ura mai mahimmanci, a cikin akwati, ko kowane kayan aikin ku. Duba gaba, akwai ma sigar OVA, wanda za mu yi amfani da shi.
Ɗabi'ar Al'umma ta DELL ECS kanta ƙaramin siga ce ta cikakkiyar software wacce ke aiki akan sabar Dell EMC ECS masu alama.
Na gano manyan bambance-bambance guda hudu:
- Babu goyon bayan boye-boye. Abin kunya ne, amma ba mahimmanci ba.
- Fabric Layer ya ɓace. Wannan abu yana da alhakin gina gungu, sarrafa albarkatun, sabuntawa, saka idanu da adana hotunan Docker. Wannan shi ne inda ya riga ya kasance mai ban tsoro, amma Dell kuma ana iya fahimta.
- Sakamakon mafi banƙyama na batu na baya: girman girman node ba za a iya fadada ba bayan an gama shigarwa.
- Babu goyon bayan fasaha. Wannan samfuri ne don gwaji, wanda ba a hana yin amfani da shi a cikin ƙananan kayan aiki ba, amma ni da kaina ba zan yi kuskuren loda petabytes na mahimman bayanai a can ba. Amma a zahiri babu wanda zai iya hana ku yin wannan.
Menene a cikin babban sigar?
Bari mu zagaya ko'ina cikin Turai kuma mu bi ta hanyoyin magance baƙin ƙarfe don samun cikakkiyar fahimtar yanayin muhalli.
Ba zan iya ko ta yaya zan tabbatar ko karyata bayanin cewa DELL ECS shine mafi kyawun ma'ajiyar abu a kan-prem ba, amma idan kuna da wani abu da za ku faɗi akan wannan batu, zan yi farin cikin karanta shi a cikin sharhi. Akalla bisa ga sigar Dell EMC yana da kwarin gwiwa a cikin manyan shugabannin kasuwar OBS biyar. Kodayake ba a la'akari da mafita na tushen girgije a wurin, wannan tattaunawa ce ta daban.
Daga ra'ayi na fasaha, ECS wani abu ne na ajiya wanda ke ba da damar yin amfani da bayanai ta amfani da ka'idojin ajiyar girgije. Yana goyan bayan AWS S3 da OpenStack Swift. Don bokiti masu kunna fayil, ECS na goyan bayan NFSv3 don fitarwa-da-fayil.
Tsarin rikodin bayanai ba sabon abu bane, musamman bayan tsarin ajiya na toshe na gargajiya.
- Lokacin da sabon bayanai ya zo, an ƙirƙiri sabon abu mai suna, bayanan da kansa, da metadata.
- An raba abubuwa zuwa guntu 128 MB, kuma kowane guntu an rubuta shi zuwa kuɗaɗe uku a lokaci ɗaya.
- An sabunta fayil ɗin fihirisar, inda ake rikodin masu ganowa da wuraren ajiya.
- Fayil ɗin log ɗin (shigarwar log) an sabunta shi kuma an rubuta shi zuwa kuɗaɗe uku.
- Ana aika saƙo game da rikodin nasara ga abokin ciniki
Dukkan kwafi uku na bayanan an rubuta su a layi daya. Ana ɗaukar rubutun nasara ne kawai idan an rubuta duk kwafi uku cikin nasara.
Karatu ya fi sauƙi:
- Abokin ciniki yana buƙatar bayanai.
- Fihirisar tana neman inda aka adana bayanan.
- Ana karanta bayanai daga kumburi ɗaya kuma a aika zuwa abokin ciniki.
Akwai 'yan sabobin da kansu, don haka bari mu kalli ƙaramin Dell EMC ECS EX300. Yana farawa daga 60TB, tare da ikon girma zuwa 1,5PB. Kuma babban ɗan'uwansa, Dell EMC ECS EX3000, yana ba ku damar adana kusan 8,6PB a kowace tara.
tura
A fasaha, Dell ECS CE za a iya tura shi gwargwadon girman yadda kuke so. A kowane hali, ban sami takamaiman hani ba. Koyaya, ya dace don yin duk sikelin ta hanyar cloning kumburin farko, wanda muke buƙatar:
- 8 vCPUs
- 64GB RAM
- 16GB don OS
- 1TB ajiya kai tsaye
- Mafi ƙarancin sakin CentOS
Wannan zaɓi ne lokacin da kake son shigar da komai da kanka daga farkon farawa. Wannan zabin bai dace da mu ba, saboda... Zan yi amfani da hoton OVA don turawa.
Amma a kowane hali, buƙatun suna da muni har ma da kumburi ɗaya, kuma idan kun bi harafin doka sosai, to kuna buƙatar nau'ikan nau'ikan guda huɗu.
Koyaya, masu haɓaka ECS CE suna rayuwa a cikin duniyar gaske, kuma shigarwar yana da nasara koda da kumburi ɗaya, kuma mafi ƙarancin buƙatun sune:
- 4 vCPUs
- 16 GB RAM
- 16GB don OS
- 104 GB ajiya kanta
Waɗannan su ne albarkatun da ake buƙata don tura hoton OVA. Tuni yafi mutuntaka da gaskiya.
Ana iya samun kumburin shigarwa kanta daga jami'in . Hakanan akwai cikakkun bayanai kan tura duk-in-daya, amma kuma kuna iya karantawa kan jami'in . Saboda haka, ba za mu zauna daki-daki ba game da bayyanar OVA, babu dabaru a can. Babban abu shi ne cewa kafin fara shi, kar a manta ko dai fadada faifan zuwa ƙarar da ake buƙata, ko haɗa abubuwan da suka dace.
Mun fara na'ura, buɗe na'ura wasan bidiyo kuma muna amfani da mafi kyawun takaddun shaidar tsoho:
- shiga: admin
- kalmar sirri: ChangeMe
Sa'an nan kuma mu gudu sudo nmtui da kuma saita cibiyar sadarwa interface - IP/mask, DNS da gate. Tuna da cewa ƙaramin CentOS ba shi da kayan aikin net, muna bincika saitunan ta hanyar ip addr.
Kuma tun da kawai masu ƙarfin hali ne suka mamaye tekuna, muna yin sabuntawar yum, bayan haka mun sake yi. A zahiri yana da aminci sosai saboda ... Ana yin duk aikin ta hanyar littattafan wasan kwaikwayo, kuma duk mahimman fakitin docker an kulle su zuwa sigar yanzu.
Yanzu lokaci yayi da za a gyara rubutun shigarwa. Babu kyawawan windows ko UI mai ƙima a gare ku - komai ana yin shi ta editan rubutu da kuka fi so. A fasaha, akwai hanyoyi guda biyu: zaka iya gudanar da kowane umarni da hannu ko kuma nan da nan kaddamar da mai tsara bidiyo. Kawai zai buɗe config a cikin vim, kuma da fita zai fara duba shi. Amma ba abin sha'awa ba ne don sauƙaƙe rayuwar ku da gangan, don haka bari mu aiwatar da ƙarin umarni biyu. Kodayake wannan ba shi da ma'ana, na yi muku gargaɗi =)
Don haka, bari mu yi vim ECS-CommunityEdition/deploy.xml kuma mu yi mafi kyawun canje-canje don ECS ya tashi da aiki. Ana iya gajarta jerin sigogi, amma na yi shi kamar haka:
- Licensed_accepted: gaskiya Ba sai ka canza ta ba, sannan lokacin turawa za a nemi ka karbe ta a sarari kuma za a nuna maka magana mai kyau. Watakila wannan ko da Easter kwai ne.
- Rarraba layukan sunaye masu sarrafa kansu: da al'ada: Shigar da aƙalla sunan da ake so don kumburin - za a maye gurbin sunan mai masauki da shi yayin aikin shigarwa.
- install_node: 192.168.1.1 Ƙayyade ainihin IP na kumburi. A cikin yanayinmu, muna nuna daidai da a cikin nmtui
- dns_domain: shigar da yankin ku.
- dns_servers: shigar da dns naku.
- ntp_servers: zaku iya tantance kowane ɗayan. Na ɗauki farkon wanda na ci karo da shi daga tafkin 0.pool.ntp.org (ya zama 91.216.168.42)
- autonaming: al'ada Idan ba ku damu ba, za a kira wata Luna.
- ecs_block_na'urori:
/ dev / sdb
Don wasu dalilai da ba a san su ba, ƙila a sami na'urar ma'ajiya ta toshewar da ba ta wanzu ba /dev/vda - wuraren ajiyar ajiya:
mambobi:
192.168.1.1 Anan kuma muna nuna ainihin IP na kumburi - ecs_block_na'urori:
/ dev/sdb Muna maimaita aikin yanke na'urorin da ba su wanzu ba.
Gabaɗaya, an kwatanta dukkan fayil ɗin daki-daki a ciki , amma wa zai karanta shi a cikin irin wannan lokacin damuwa. Har ila yau, ya ce mafi ƙarancin isa shine a ƙayyade IP da abin rufe fuska, amma a cikin lab na irin wannan saitin ya fara da kyau sosai, kuma dole ne in faɗaɗa shi zuwa wanda aka ƙayyade a sama.
Bayan fita daga editan, kuna buƙatar gudanar da update_deploy /home/admin/ECS-CommunityEdition/deploy.yml, kuma idan duk abin da aka yi daidai, wannan za a ba da rahoton a sarari.
Sa'an nan kuma har yanzu dole ne ku gudanar da aikin bidiyo, jira yanayin don sabuntawa, kuma za ku iya fara shigarwa da kanta tare da umarnin ova-step1, kuma bayan kammala nasararsa, umarnin ova-step2. Muhimmi: kar a dakatar da rubutun da hannu! Wasu matakai na iya ɗaukar lokaci mai yawa, ƙila ba za a kammala su a farkon gwaji ba, kuma suna iya kama da komai ya karye. A kowane hali, kuna buƙatar jira don kammala rubutun a zahiri. A ƙarshe ya kamata ku ga saƙo irin wannan.
Yanzu za mu iya ƙarshe buɗe kwamitin kula da WebUI ta amfani da IP da muka sani. Idan ba a canza saitin a matakin ba, asusun tsoho zai zama tushen/ChangeMe. Kuna iya amfani da ma'ajin mu mai dacewa da S3 nan take. Ana samunsa akan tashar jiragen ruwa 9020 don HTTP, da 9021 don HTTPS. Hakanan, idan ba a canza komai ba, to access_key: object_admin1 da secret_key: ChangeMeChangeMeChangeMeChangeMeChangeMe.
Amma kada mu yi gaba da kanmu mu fara cikin tsari.
Lokacin da kuka shiga a karon farko, za a tilasta muku canza kalmar sirrinku zuwa daidaitaccen kalmar sirri, wanda yake daidai. Babban dashboard ɗin yana da haske sosai, don haka bari mu yi wani abu mafi ban sha'awa fiye da bayyana ma'auni na bayyane. Misali, bari mu ƙirƙiri mai amfani wanda za mu yi amfani da shi don samun damar ma'ajiyar. A cikin duniyar masu ba da sabis, ana kiran waɗannan masu haya. Ana yin wannan a Sarrafa> Masu amfani> Sabon Mai Amfani
Lokacin ƙirƙirar mai amfani, ana tambayarmu mu saka sunan sarari. A fasaha, babu abin da zai hana mu ƙirƙirar yawancin su kamar yadda akwai masu amfani. Kuma akasin haka. Wannan yana ba ku damar sarrafa albarkatu da kansa ga kowane ɗan haya.
Saboda haka, muna zaɓar ayyukan da muke buƙata kuma muna samar da maɓallan mai amfani. S3/Atmos zai ishe ni. Kuma kar a manta da ajiye maɓallin 😉
An ƙirƙiri mai amfani, yanzu lokaci ya yi da za a ware masa guga. Je zuwa Sarrafa> Guga kuma cika filayen da ake buƙata. Komai yana da sauki a nan.
Yanzu muna da duk abin da shirye don quite fama amfani da mu S3 ajiya.
Saita Veeam
Don haka, kamar yadda muke tunawa, ɗaya daga cikin manyan abubuwan da ake amfani da su na ajiyar abubuwa shine adana bayanai na dogon lokaci waɗanda ba kasafai ake samun su ba. Kyakkyawan misali shine buƙatar adana abubuwan ajiya a wani wuri mai nisa. A cikin Veeam Ajiyayyen & Maimaitawa ana kiran wannan fasalin Ƙarfin Ƙarfi.
Bari mu fara saiti ta ƙara Dell ECS CE zuwa ƙirar Veeam. A shafin Kayan Ajiyayyen Ajiyayyen, ƙaddamar da Ƙara Sabon Mayen Ma'aji kuma zaɓi Ma'ajiyar Abu.
Bari mu zaɓi abin da ya fara don - S3 Mai jituwa.
A cikin taga da ya bayyana, rubuta sunan da ake so kuma je zuwa matakin Asusu. Anan kuna buƙatar saka wurin sabis a cikin fom , ana iya barin yankin kamar yadda yake kuma ana iya ƙara mai amfani da aka ƙirƙira. Sabar ƙofa tana da mahimmanci idan ma'ajiyar ku tana kan wani wuri mai nisa, amma wannan ya riga ya zama batu don inganta abubuwan more rayuwa da wani labarin daban, saboda haka zaku iya tsallake shi a amince.
Idan an ƙayyade komai kuma an daidaita shi daidai, gargadi game da takaddun shaida zai bayyana sannan taga tare da guga inda zaku iya ƙirƙirar babban fayil don fayilolinmu.
Muna tafiya ta hanyar mayen har zuwa ƙarshe kuma muna jin daɗin sakamakon.
Mataki na gaba shine ko dai ƙirƙirar sabon Ma'ajiyar Ajiyayyen Sikeli, ko ƙara S3 ɗin mu zuwa wanda yake - za a yi amfani da shi azaman Matsayin Ƙarfin don adana kayan tarihi. Babu wani aiki don amfani da ma'ajiyar mai jituwa ta S3 kai tsaye, kamar ma'ajiya ta yau da kullun, a cikin sakin yanzu. Yawancin matsalolin da ba a bayyane suke ba suna buƙatar warwarewa don wannan ya faru, amma komai yana yiwuwa.
Je zuwa saitunan ma'aji kuma kunna Ƙarfin Ƙarfi. Komai a bayyane yake a wurin, amma akwai nuance mai ban sha'awa: idan kuna son a aika duk bayanan zuwa ajiyar abubuwa da wuri-wuri, kawai saita shi zuwa kwanaki 0.
Bayan shiga cikin mayen, idan ba kwa son jira, zaku iya danna ctrl + RMB akan ma'ajiyar, da karfi da kaddamar da aikin Tiering kuma ku kalli jadawali yana rarrafe.
Shi ke nan a yanzu. Ina tsammanin na yi nasara a cikin aikin nuna cewa block ajiya ba kamar yadda tsoro kamar yadda mutane tunani. Ee, akwai mafita da zaɓuɓɓuka don keken keke da ƙaramin keke, amma ba za ku iya rufe komai a cikin labarin ɗaya ba. Don haka bari mu raba kwarewarmu a cikin sharhi.
source: www.habr.com