Gabatarwar
bude tushen aikin dandamali ne na haɓaka darajar kasuwanci kyauta. Gungura ta cikin habr, na sami hakan ba a rufe shi da yawa kamar yadda ya cancanta.
oVirt haƙiƙa yana sama don tsarin Kasuwancin Red Hat Virtualization (RHV, tsohon RHEV), yana girma ƙarƙashin reshen Red Hat. Don kauce wa rudani, wannan ba daidai da CentOS vs RHEL, samfurin ya fi kusa da Fedora vs RHEL.
A karkashin hular - , ana amfani da haɗin yanar gizon don gudanarwa. Dangane da RHEL/CentOS 7 OS.
Ana iya amfani da oVirt don duka uwar garken "gargajiya" da kuma ingantaccen tsarin tebur (VDI), sabanin VMware mafita, duka tsarin na iya zama tare a cikin hadaddun guda ɗaya.
Yi aiki da kyau , ya dade ya kai ga balaga don amfani mai amfani kuma yana shirye don manyan lodi.
Wannan labarin shine na farko a cikin jerin yadda ake gina gungu mai gazawar aiki. Bayan mun bi su, a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci (kimanin sa'o'i 2) za mu sami cikakken tsarin aiki, kodayake yawancin batutuwa, ba shakka, ba za a iya bayyana su ba, zan yi ƙoƙari in rufe su a cikin labarai masu zuwa.
Mun kasance muna amfani da shi shekaru da yawa, mun fara da sigar 4.1. Tsarin masana'antar mu yanzu yana rayuwa akan HPE Synergy 480 da ProLiant BL460c ƙarni na 10 yana ƙididdigewa tare da CPUs na Xeon Gold.
A lokacin rubutawa, sigar yanzu shine 4.3.
Articles
- Gabatarwa (Muna nan)
Ayyukan ayyuka
Akwai manyan abubuwa guda biyu a cikin oVirt: injin ovirt da ovirt-host(s). Ga waɗanda suka saba da samfuran VMware, oVirt gabaɗaya a matsayin dandamali shine vSphere, injin ovirt-injin sarrafawa - yana yin ayyuka iri ɗaya da vCenter, kuma ovirt-host shine hypervisor, kamar ESX (i). Domin vSphere sanannen bayani ne, wani lokacin zan kwatanta shi da shi.
Shinkafa 1 - OVirt Control Panel.
Yawancin rarraba Linux da nau'ikan Windows ana tallafawa azaman injin baƙo. Don injunan baƙo, akwai wakilai da ingantattun na'urori masu kama-da-wane da direbobin virtio, da farko mai sarrafa faifai da hanyar sadarwa.
Don aiwatar da maganin rashin haƙuri da duk abubuwan ban sha'awa, kuna buƙatar ajiya mai raba. Dukansu toshe FC, FCoE, iSCSI da fayilolin NFS suna tallafawa, da dai sauransu Don aiwatar da maganin rashin haƙuri, dole ne tsarin ajiya ya kasance mai jurewa kuskure (aƙalla masu kula da 2, multipassing).
Yin amfani da ma'ajiyar gida yana yiwuwa, amma ta tsohuwa kawai ma'ajiyar da aka raba sun dace da tari na gaske. Ma'ajiyar gida ta sa tsarin ya zama rarrabuwar kawuna na hypervisors, kuma ko da tare da ajiyar ajiya, ba za a iya haɗa tari ba. Hanyar da ta fi dacewa ita ce injuna marasa faifai tare da taya daga SAN, ko faifai mafi ƙarancin girma. Wataƙila, ta hanyar ƙugiya vdsm, ana iya ginawa daga faifai na gida na Ma'ajiyar Ƙididdiga ta Software (misali, Ceph) kuma a gabatar da VM ɗin sa, amma ban yi la'akari da shi sosai ba.
gine
Shinkafa 2- oVirt gine.
Ana iya samun ƙarin bayani game da gine-gine a ciki mai haɓakawa.
Shinkafa 3 - abubuwan oVirt.
Babban kashi a cikin matsayi - data Center. Yana ƙayyade ko ana amfani da rabawa ko ajiya na gida, da kuma fasalin fasalin da aka yi amfani da shi (daidaituwa, 4.1 zuwa 4.3). Wataƙila akwai ɗaya ko fiye. Don zaɓuɓɓuka da yawa, amfani da tsohuwar Cibiyar Bayanai Tsoho ce.
Cibiyar Bayanai ta ƙunshi ɗaya ko fiye Gungu. Tarin yana ƙayyade nau'in sarrafawa, manufofin ƙaura, da sauransu. Don ƙananan kayan aiki, Hakanan zaka iya iyakance kanka zuwa gunkin Default.
Tarin, bi da bi, ya ƙunshi watsa shiri's waɗanda ke yin babban aikin - suna ɗaukar injunan kama-da-wane, ana haɗa ɗakunan ajiya da su. Tarin yana ɗaukar runduna 2 ko fiye. Ko da yake yana yiwuwa a fasaha na iya yin tari tare da runduna 1, wannan ba na amfani ba ne.
oVirt yana goyan bayan fasali da yawa, gami da. raye-rayen ƙaura na injunan kama-da-wane tsakanin hypervisors (ƙaura mai rai) da ɗakunan ajiya (ƙaurawar ajiya), ƙirar tebur (kayan aikin tebur na zahiri) tare da wuraren waha na VM, VMs cikakke da marasa jiha, tallafi ga NVidia Grid vGPU, shigo da daga vSphere, KVM, akwai mai ƙarfi da dai sauransu. Duk waɗannan fasalulluka ana samun su kyauta kuma, idan an buƙata, ana iya siyan tallafi daga Red Hat ta hanyar abokan yanki.
Game da farashin RHV
Kudin ba shi da yawa idan aka kwatanta da VMware, tallafi kawai ana siyan - ba tare da buƙatar siyan lasisin kanta ba. Ana siyan tallafi kawai don hypervisors, injin ovirt, sabanin uwar garken vCenter, baya buƙatar kashewa.
Misalin lissafi na shekara ta 1 na mallakar mallaka
Yi la'akari da gungu na injunan soket 4 2 da farashin dillalai (babu rangwamen aikin).
RHV Standard Subscription kowace soket/shekara (Premium 365/24/7 - $1499), jimlar 4*2*$999=$7992.
:
- VMware vCenter Server Standard $10,837.13 kowane misali da Basic biyan kuɗi $2,625.41 (Samar $3,125.39);
- VMware vSphere Standard $1,164.15 + Biyan kuɗi na asali $552.61 (Samar $653.82);
- VMware vSphere Enterprise Plus $6,309.23 + Biyan kuɗi na asali $1,261.09 (Sarrafa $1,499.94).
Jimlar: 10 + 837,13 + 2 * 625,41 * (4 + 2) = $ 27 196,62 don mafi ƙarancin zaɓi. Bambanci shine game da sau 3,5!
A cikin oVirt, duk ayyuka suna samuwa ba tare da hani ba.
Taƙaitaccen halaye da mafi girma
Abubuwan buƙata
Mai hypervisor yana buƙatar CPU tare da ikon sarrafa kayan aiki, mafi ƙarancin adadin RAM don farawa shine 2 GiB, adadin da aka ba da shawarar don OS shine 55 GiB (mafi yawa don rajistan ayyukan, da sauransu, OS kanta yana ɗaukar kaɗan).
Kara karantawa - .
domin mafi ƙarancin buƙatun 2 cores/4 GiB RAM/25 GiB ajiya. An ba da shawarar - daga 4 cores / 16 GiB na RAM / 50 GiB na ajiya.
Kamar kowane tsari, akwai iyakoki akan juzu'i da yawa, mafi yawansu sun zarce ƙarfin sabar sabar kasuwanci da ake samu. Ee, ma'aurata. Zai iya magance 2 tib na RAM kuma yana ba da cores 40 (zaren 80), wanda yake ƙasa da iyakokin VM.
Matsakaicin Injin Kaya:
- Matsakaicin injunan kama-da-wane a lokaci guda: Unlimited;
- Matsakaicin CPUs na kama-da-wane a kowane injin kama-da-wane: 384;
- Matsakaicin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya ta na'ura mai mahimmanci: 4 TiB;
- Matsakaicin girman faifai guda ɗaya ga injin kama-da-wane: 8 TiB.
Matsakaicin Mai watsa shiri:
- Ma'ana ko zaren CPU masu ma'ana: 768;
- RAM: 12 TiB
- Adadin injunan kama-da-wane: 250;
- Hijira masu rai na lokaci ɗaya: 2 masu shigowa, 2 masu fita;
- bandwidth na ƙaura kai tsaye: Tsohuwar zuwa 52 MiB (~ 436 Mb) kowace ƙaura lokacin amfani da manufofin ƙaura na gado. Sauran manufofin suna amfani da ƙimar kayan aiki masu daidaitawa bisa saurin na'urar zahiri. Manufofin QoS na iya iyakance bandwidth na ƙaura.
Matsakaicin Matsakaicin Mahaliccin Manajan:
A cikin 4.3 akwai .
- data cibiyar
- Matsakaicin ƙidayar cibiyar bayanai: 400;
- Matsakaicin ƙididdige ƙididdiga: 400 yana goyan baya, an gwada 500;
- Matsakaicin ƙidaya VM: 4000 goyan baya, 5000 an gwada;
- Cluster
- Matsakaicin ƙidaya tagu: 400;
- Matsakaicin ƙididdige ƙididdiga: 400 yana goyan baya, an gwada 500;
- Matsakaicin ƙidaya VM: 4000 goyan baya, 5000 an gwada;
- Network
- Hanyoyin sadarwa masu ma'ana/gungu: 300
- SDN/cibiyoyin sadarwa na waje: 2600 an gwada, babu iyakacin tilastawa;
- Storage
- Matsakaicin yanki: 50 ana goyan baya, 70 an gwada;
- Runduna a kowane yanki: Babu iyaka;
- Ƙididdigar ma'ana a kowane yanki na toshe (ƙari): 1500;
- Matsakaicin adadin LUNs (ƙari): 300;
- Matsakaicin girman diski: 500 TiB (an iyakance zuwa 8 TiB ta tsohuwa).
Zaɓuɓɓukan aiwatarwa
Kamar yadda aka riga aka ambata, an gina oVirt daga abubuwan asali guda biyu - injin-ovirt (management) da ovirt-host (hypervisor).
Ana iya daukar nauyin Injin duka a waje da dandamalin kansa (mai sarrafa kansa - yana iya zama VM da ke gudana akan wani dandamali ko keɓaɓɓen hypervisor, har ma da na'ura ta zahiri), kuma akan dandamali kanta (injin mai sarrafa kansa, kama da VMware's VCSA). kusanci).
Ana iya shigar da hypervisor akan (EL Host) da (oVirt-Node, bisa el7).
Abubuwan buƙatun kayan masarufi na kowane bambance-bambancen kusan iri ɗaya ne.
Shinkafa 4 - daidaitaccen gine-gine.
Shinkafa 5 - Gine-ginen Injiniya mai ɗaukar nauyi.
Don kaina, na zaɓi Manajan na tsaye da zaɓi na EL Runduna:
- Mai sarrafa kansa yana da ɗan sauƙi tare da matsalolin farawa, babu kaji da damuwa kwai (kamar VCSA - ba za ku fara ba har sai aƙalla rundunar ta cika), amma akwai dogara ga wani tsarin *;
- EL Mai watsa shiri yana ba da cikakken ikon OS, wanda ke da amfani don saka idanu na waje, gyara matsala, gyara matsala, da ƙari.
* Duk da haka, ba a buƙatar wannan a duk tsawon lokacin aiki, ko da bayan gazawar wutar lantarki mai tsanani.
Amma fiye da ma'ana!
Don gwaji, yana yiwuwa a saki nau'i biyu na ProLiant BL460c G7 tare da Xeon® CPU. Za mu sake haifar da tsarin shigarwa akan su.
Bari mu sanya sunayen nodes ovirt.lab.example.com, kvm01.lab.example.com da kvm02.lab.example.com.
Mu je kai tsaye zuwa .
source: www.habr.com