Bayanin aiwatarwa na ƙa'idar aiki tare na lokaci PTPv2

Gabatarwar

Manufar gina "Digital Substation" a cikin masana'antar wutar lantarki yana buƙatar aiki tare tare da daidaito na 1 μs. Har ila yau, ma'amalar kuɗi tana buƙatar daidaiton daƙiƙa mai ɗaƙiƙa. A cikin waɗannan aikace-aikacen, daidaiton lokacin NTP bai isa ba.

Ƙa'idar aiki tare na PTPv2, wanda aka kwatanta ta ma'aunin IEEE 1588v2, yana ba da damar daidaita aiki tare da yawa na nanoseconds. PTPv2 yana ba ku damar aika fakitin aiki tare akan cibiyoyin sadarwar L2 da L3.

Manyan wuraren da ake amfani da PTPv2 sune:

• makamashi;
• kayan sarrafawa da aunawa;
• hadaddun soja-masana'antu;
• sadarwa;
• bangaren kudi.

Wannan sakon yana bayanin yadda tsarin aiki tare na PTPv2 ke aiki.

Muna da ƙarin ƙwarewa a masana'antu kuma galibi muna ganin wannan yarjejeniya a aikace-aikacen makamashi. Saboda haka, za mu yi bitar tare da taka tsantsan don makamashi.

Me yasa ya zama dole?

A halin yanzu, STO 34.01-21-004-2019 na PJSC Rosseti da STO 56947007-29.240.10.302-2020 na PJSC FGC UES sun ƙunshi buƙatu don tsara bas ɗin tsari tare da daidaitawa lokaci ta hanyar PTPv2.

Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa an haɗa tashoshi na kariya da na'urori masu aunawa zuwa bas ɗin tsari, waɗanda ke watsa ƙimar halin yanzu da ƙimar ƙarfin lantarki ta hanyar bas ɗin tsari, ta amfani da abin da ake kira rafukan SV (rafukan multicast).

Tashoshin kariya na Relay suna amfani da waɗannan ƙimar don aiwatar da kariyar bay. Idan daidaiton ma'aunin lokaci kaɗan ne, to wasu kariya na iya yin aiki da ƙarya.

Misali, kariyar cikakken zaɓi na iya faɗuwa zuwa ga aiki tare na lokaci "rauni". Sau da yawa dabarar irin wannan kariyar tana dogara ne akan kwatancen adadi biyu. Idan dabi'u sun bambanta ta hanyar isasshe babban darajar, to ana haifar da kariya. Idan an auna waɗannan ƙimar tare da daidaitaccen lokaci na 1 ms, to, zaku iya samun babban bambanci inda ƙimar ta kasance a zahiri idan aka auna tare da daidaiton 1 μs.

Sigar PTP

An fara bayanin ka'idar PTP a cikin 2002 a cikin ma'auni na IEEE 1588-2002 kuma ana kiranta "Standard for Protocol Aiki tare da Daidaitaccen Agogo don Aunawar hanyar sadarwa da Tsarin Sarrafa." A cikin 2008, an fitar da ƙa'idodin IEEE 1588-2008 da aka sabunta, wanda ke bayyana sigar PTP 2. Wannan sigar ƙa'idar ta inganta daidaito da kwanciyar hankali, amma bai kula da dacewa da baya ba tare da sigar farko ta yarjejeniya. Hakanan, a cikin 2019, an fitar da sigar ma'aunin IEEE 1588-2019, yana kwatanta PTP v2.1. Wannan sigar tana ƙara ƙaramin haɓakawa zuwa PTPv2 kuma baya dacewa da PTPv2.

A takaice dai, muna da hoto mai zuwa tare da sigogi:

PTPv1
(IEEE 1588-2002)

PTPv2
(IEEE 1588-2008)

PTPv2.1
(IEEE 1588-2019)

PTPv1 (IEEE 1588-2002)

-
Mara daidaituwa

Mara daidaituwa

PTPv2 (IEEE 1588-2008)

Mara daidaituwa

-
Mai jituwa

PTPv2.1 (IEEE 1588-2019)

Mara daidaituwa

Mai jituwa

-

Amma, kamar kullum, akwai nuances.

Rashin daidaituwa tsakanin PTPv1 da PTPv2 yana nufin cewa na'urar da aka kunna PTPv1 ba za ta iya aiki tare da daidaitaccen agogon da ke gudana akan PTPv2 ba. Suna amfani da tsarin saƙo daban-daban don aiki tare.

Amma har yanzu yana yiwuwa a haɗa na'urori tare da PTPv1 da na'urori masu PTPv2 akan wannan hanyar sadarwa. Don cimma wannan, wasu masana'antun suna ba ku damar zaɓar nau'in yarjejeniya akan tashoshin agogon gefen. Wato agogon iyaka zai iya aiki tare ta amfani da PTPv2 kuma har yanzu yana aiki tare da sauran agogon da ke da alaƙa da shi ta amfani da duka PTPv1 da PTPv2.

PTP na'urorin. Menene su kuma ta yaya suka bambanta?

Ma'aunin IEEE 1588v2 yana bayyana nau'ikan na'urori da yawa. Ana nuna dukkan su a cikin tebur.

Na'urorin suna sadarwa da juna ta hanyar LAN ta amfani da PTP.

Ana kiran na'urorin PTP agogo. Duk agogon suna ɗaukar ainihin lokacin agogon babban agogon.

Akwai nau'ikan agogo guda 5:

Grandmaster agogon

Babban tushen ingantaccen lokaci. Sau da yawa sanye take da abin dubawa don haɗa GPS.

Agogon yau da kullun

Na'urar tashar jiragen ruwa guda ɗaya wacce za ta iya zama babban (master clock) ko bawa (agogon bawa)

Babban agogo (master)

Su ne tushen ainihin lokacin da wasu agogo ke aiki tare

Agogon bayi

Ƙarshen na'urar da ke aiki tare daga babban agogo

Agogon iyaka

Na'urar da ke da tashoshin jiragen ruwa da yawa waɗanda za su iya zama master ko bawa.

Wato, waɗannan agogon na iya aiki tare daga babban agogon babban agogo kuma su daidaita ƙananan agogon bayi.

Ƙarshe-zuwa-ƙarshen m agogo

Na'urar da ke da tashoshin jiragen ruwa da yawa waɗanda ba agogon babban agogo ko bawa ba. Yana watsa bayanan PTP tsakanin agogo biyu.

Lokacin aika bayanai, agogon bayyane yana gyara duk saƙonnin PTP.

Gyara yana faruwa ta ƙara lokacin jinkiri akan wannan na'urar zuwa filin gyarawa a cikin taken sakon da aka watsa.

Tsara-zuwa-tsara Agogon Fayyace

Na'urar da ke da tashoshin jiragen ruwa da yawa waɗanda ba agogon babban agogo ko bawa ba.
Yana watsa bayanan PTP tsakanin agogo biyu.

Lokacin aika bayanai, agogon bayyane yana gyara duk saƙonnin PTP Sync da Follow_Up (ƙarin game da su a ƙasa).

Ana samun gyaran gyare-gyare ta hanyar ƙara zuwa filin gyara na fakitin da aka watsa da jinkiri a kan na'urar watsawa da kuma jinkiri a kan tashar watsa bayanai.

Node Gudanarwa

Na'urar da ke daidaitawa da tantance sauran agogon

Ana daidaita agogon Master da bayi ta amfani da tambarin lokaci a cikin saƙonnin PTP. Akwai nau'ikan saƙonni guda biyu a cikin ka'idar PTP:

• Saƙonnin taron saƙo ne na aiki tare waɗanda suka haɗa da samar da tambarin lokaci a lokacin aika saƙon da lokacin da aka karɓa.
• Gabaɗaya Saƙonni - Waɗannan saƙonnin ba sa buƙatar tambarin lokaci, amma suna iya ƙunsar tambarin lokutan don saƙonni masu alaƙa

Saƙonnin taron

Saƙonni Gabaɗaya

Sync
Jinkiri_Req
Pdelay_Req
Pdelay_Resp

Sanarwa
Follow_Up
Jinkiri_Resp
_Pdelay_Resp_Bi_bi_Up
management
Alamar

Duk nau'ikan saƙonnin za a tattauna su dalla-dalla a ƙasa.

Matsalolin aiki tare na asali

Lokacin da fakitin aiki tare da aka watsa akan hanyar sadarwa ta gida, ana jinkirta shi a maɓalli da kuma hanyar haɗin bayanai. Duk wani canji zai haifar da jinkiri na kusan 10 micro seconds, wanda ba shi da karbuwa ga PTPv2. Bayan haka, muna buƙatar cimma daidaito na 1 μs akan na'urar ƙarshe. (Wannan idan muna magana ne game da makamashi. Sauran aikace-aikacen na iya buƙatar ƙarin daidaito.)

IEEE 1588v2 yana bayyana algorithms masu aiki da yawa waɗanda ke ba ku damar yin rikodin jinkirin lokaci da gyara shi.

Algorithm aiki
Yayin aiki na yau da kullun, ƙa'idar tana aiki a matakai biyu.

• Mataki na 1 - kafa tsarin "Master Clock - Slave Clock".
• Mataki na 2 - Aiki tare da agogo ta amfani da tsarin Ƙarshe-zuwa-Ƙarshe ko Ƙarshe-zuwa-tsara.

Mataki na 1 - Ƙaddamar da Matsayin Jagora-Bawan

Kowane tashar jiragen ruwa na agogo na yau da kullun ko gefen gefen yana da takamaiman adadin jahohi (agogon bawa da agogo mai girma). Ma'auni yana bayyana algorithm ɗin miƙa mulki tsakanin waɗannan jihohin. A cikin shirye-shirye, irin wannan algorithm ana kiransa na'ura mai iyaka ko na'ura na jiha (ƙarin cikakkun bayanai a cikin Wiki).

Wannan inji na jihar yana amfani da mafi kyawun Algorithm na Jagora (BMCA) don saita maigidan lokacin haɗa agogo biyu.

Wannan algorithm yana ba da damar agogon don ɗaukar nauyin agogon babba lokacin da agogon babba na sama ya rasa siginar GPS, ya tafi layi, da sauransu.

Canje-canje na jihohi bisa ga BMCA an taƙaita su a cikin zane mai zuwa:


Ana aika bayanai game da agogon a wancan ƙarshen “waya” a cikin saƙo na musamman (Sanar da saƙo). Da zarar an karɓi wannan bayanin, injin na'ura na jihar yana aiki kuma ana yin kwatancen don ganin agogon da ya fi kyau. Tashar jiragen ruwa a kan mafi kyawun agogon ya zama agogon maigidan.

Ana nuna matsayi mai sauƙi a cikin zanen da ke ƙasa. Hanyoyi na 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 suna iya ƙunsar agogo mai haske, amma ba sa shiga cikin kafa tsarin agogon Master - Slave Clock.

Mataki na 2 - Aiki tare na yau da kullun da agogon gefe

Nan da nan bayan kafa matsayi na "Master Clock - Slave Clock", lokacin aiki tare na agogo na yau da kullun da iyaka yana farawa.

Don aiki tare, babban agogo yana aika saƙo mai ɗauke da tambarin lokaci zuwa agogon bayi.

Babban agogon na iya zama:

• mataki guda;
• mataki biyu.

Agogon mataki ɗaya na aika saƙon Aiki tare ɗaya don aiki tare.

Agogon mataki biyu yana amfani da saƙonni biyu don aiki tare - Aiki tare da Follow_Up.

Ana iya amfani da hanyoyi guda biyu don lokacin aiki tare:

• Tsarin amsa buƙatar jinkiri.
• Tsarin auna jinkirin tsara.

Da farko, bari mu kalli waɗannan hanyoyin a cikin mafi sauƙi - lokacin da ba a yi amfani da agogon gaskiya ba.

Tsarin amsa buƙatar jinkiri

Tsarin ya ƙunshi matakai guda biyu:

1. Auna jinkirin isar da sako tsakanin agogon maigida da agogon bawa. Anyi ta amfani da tsarin amsa buƙatar jinkiri.
2. Ana yin gyaran daidai lokacin canjin lokaci.

Ma'aunin latency


t1 - Lokacin aika saƙon Sync ta agogo mai girma; t2 - Lokacin karɓar saƙon Sync ta agogon bawa; t3 - Lokacin aika buƙatun jinkiri (Delay_Req) ​​ta agogon bawa; t4 - Delay_Req lokacin liyafar ta babban agogo.

Lokacin da agogon bawa ya san lokutan t1, t2, t3, da t4, zai iya ƙididdige matsakaicin jinkiri lokacin aika saƙon aiki tare (tmpd). Ana lissafinsa kamar haka:

Lokacin aika saƙon Sync da Follow_Up, ana ƙididdige jinkirin lokaci daga maigida zuwa bawa - t-ms.

Lokacin aika saƙonnin Delay_Req da Delay_Resp, ana ƙididdige jinkirin lokaci daga bawa zuwa maigida - t-sm.

Idan an sami asymmetry tsakanin waɗannan dabi'u biyu, to kuskuren gyara karkacewar lokacin daidai ya bayyana. Kuskuren yana haifar da gaskiyar cewa jinkirin ƙididdiga shine matsakaicin jinkirin t-ms da t-sm. Idan jinkirin bai daidaita da juna ba, to ba za mu daidaita lokacin daidai ba.

Gyaran canjin lokaci

Da zarar an san jinkiri tsakanin agogon maigida da agogon bawa, agogon bawa yana yin gyaran lokaci.

Agogon bayi suna amfani da saƙon Sync da saƙon Follow_Up na zaɓi don ƙididdige ainihin lokacin da aka kashe lokacin aika fakiti daga maigida zuwa agogon bayi. Ana ƙididdige motsi ta amfani da dabara mai zuwa:

Tsarin auna jinkirin tsara

Wannan tsarin kuma yana amfani da matakai guda biyu don aiki tare:

1. Na'urorin suna auna jinkirin lokaci zuwa duk maƙwabta ta duk tashar jiragen ruwa. Don yin wannan suna amfani da tsarin jinkiri na tsara.
2. Gyaran ainihin canjin lokaci.

Auna latency tsakanin na'urorin da ke goyan bayan yanayin Peer-to-Peer

Ana auna latency tsakanin tashoshin jiragen ruwa masu goyan bayan tsarin tsara-da-tsara ta amfani da saƙonni masu zuwa:

Lokacin da tashar jiragen ruwa 1 ta san lokutan t1, t2, t3 da t4, zai iya lissafin matsakaicin jinkiri (tmld). Ana lissafta shi ta amfani da dabara mai zuwa:

Tashar tashar jiragen ruwa tana amfani da wannan ƙimar lokacin ƙididdige filin daidaitawa don kowane saƙon Sync ko saƙon Follow_Up na zaɓi wanda ya ratsa cikin na'urar.

Jimlar jinkirin zai kasance daidai da jimlar jinkirin lokacin watsawa ta wannan na'urar, matsakaicin jinkiri yayin watsawa ta hanyar tashar bayanai da jinkirin da aka riga aka ƙunsa a cikin wannan saƙon, wanda aka kunna akan na'urori masu tasowa.

Saƙonnin Pdelay_Req, Pdelay_Resp da Pdelay_Resp_Follow_Up na zaɓi yana ba ku damar samun jinkiri daga ubangida zuwa bawa kuma daga bawa zuwa jagora ( madauwari).

Duk wani asymmetry tsakanin waɗannan dabi'u biyu zai gabatar da kuskuren gyara na lokaci.

Daidaita daidai lokacin motsi

Agogon bayi suna amfani da saƙon Aiki tare da saƙon Follow_Up na zaɓi don ƙididdige ainihin lokacin da aka kashe lokacin aika fakiti daga maigida zuwa agogon bayi. Ana ƙididdige motsi ta amfani da dabara mai zuwa:

Daidaita fa'idodin tsarin tsara-zuwa-tsara - ana ƙididdige jinkirin kowane saƙon Aiki tare ko Follow_Up kamar yadda ake watsa shi a cikin hanyar sadarwa. Sakamakon haka, canza hanyar watsawa ba zai shafi daidaiton daidaitawa ta kowace hanya ba.

Lokacin amfani da wannan hanyar, aiki tare na lokaci baya buƙatar ƙididdige jinkirin lokaci tare da hanyar da fakitin aiki tare ya bi, kamar yadda ake yi a ainihin musayar. Wadancan. Ba a aika saƙon Delay_Req da Delay_Resp. Ta wannan hanyar, jinkiri tsakanin agogon master da bawa ana taƙaita shi kawai a cikin filin daidaitawa na kowane saƙon Sync ko Follow_Up.

Wata fa'ida ita ce, babban agogon ya sami sauƙi daga buƙatar aiwatar da saƙonnin Delay_Req.

Hanyoyin aiki na agogon bayyane

Saboda haka, waɗannan misalai ne masu sauƙi. Yanzu ɗauka cewa masu sauyawa sun bayyana akan hanyar aiki tare.

Idan kun yi amfani da masu sauyawa ba tare da goyan bayan PTPv2 ba, fakitin aiki tare za a jinkirta shi akan sauyawa da kusan 10 μs.

Sauye-sauye da ke goyan bayan PTPv2 ana kiran su agogon Transparent a cikin kalmomin IEEE 1588v2. Ba a daidaita madaidaicin agogo daga babban agogo kuma ba sa shiga cikin matsayi na "Master Clock - Slave Clock", amma lokacin aika saƙonnin aiki tare suna tuna tsawon lokacin da aka jinkirta saƙon. Wannan yana ba ku damar daidaita jinkirin lokaci.

Agogon fayyace na iya aiki ta hanyoyi biyu:

• Karshe-zuwa-Ƙarshe.
• Tsari-da-tsara.

Ƙarshe-zuwa-Ƙarshe (E2E)

Agogon bayyane na E2E yana watsa saƙonnin Aiki tare da rakiyar saƙon Follow_Up akan duk tashar jiragen ruwa. Ko da waɗanda wasu ƙa'idodi suka toshe (misali, RSTP).

Maɓallin yana tunawa da tambarin lokutan lokacin da aka karɓi fakitin Daidaitawa (Follow_Up) akan tashar jiragen ruwa da lokacin da aka aika daga tashar jiragen ruwa. Dangane da waɗannan tambarin lokaci guda biyu, ana ƙididdige lokacin da ake ɗauka don sarrafa saƙon. A cikin ma'auni, ana kiran wannan lokacin lokacin zama.

Ana ƙara lokacin sarrafawa zuwa filin gyarawa na Sync (agogon mataki ɗaya) ko Follow_Up (agogo biyu).

Agogon bayyanannen agogon E2E yana auna lokacin aiki don daidaitawa da saƙon Delay_Req da ke wucewa ta wurin sauyawa. Amma yana da mahimmanci a fahimci cewa ana ƙididdige jinkirin lokaci tsakanin agogon babban agogo da agogon bawa ta amfani da tsarin amsa buƙatar jinkiri. Idan babban agogon ya canza ko hanyar daga agogon babban agogo zuwa agogon bawa ya canza, an sake auna jinkiri. Wannan yana ƙara lokacin miƙa mulki idan akwai canje-canjen hanyar sadarwa.

Agogon bayyanannen agogon P2P, baya ga auna lokacin da ake ɗauka don sauyawa don aiwatar da saƙo, yana auna jinkirin hanyar haɗin bayanai zuwa maƙwabcinsa mafi kusa ta amfani da na'urar jinkirin maƙwabci.

Ana auna latency akan kowace hanyar haɗin gwiwa a cikin kwatance biyu, gami da hanyoyin haɗin da aka toshe ta wasu ƙa'idodi (kamar RSTP). Wannan yana ba ku damar ƙididdige sabon jinkiri nan da nan a cikin hanyar aiki tare idan babban agogon babba ko tsarin tsarin sadarwa ya canza.

Ana tattara lokacin sarrafa saƙo ta hanyar sauyawa da latency lokacin aika saƙonnin Sync ko Follow_Up.

Nau'in goyon bayan PTPv2 ta masu sauyawa

Sauyawa na iya tallafawa PTPv2:

• na shirye-shirye;
• hardware.

Lokacin aiwatar da ka'idar PTPv2 a cikin software, mai canzawa yana buƙatar tambarin lokaci daga firmware. Matsalar ita ce firmware tana aiki a cyclically, kuma za ku jira har sai ya gama zagayowar yanzu, ya ɗauki buƙatun don sarrafawa kuma ya ba da tambarin lokaci bayan zagayowar na gaba. Wannan kuma zai ɗauki lokaci, kuma za mu sami jinkiri, kodayake ba mahimmanci ba kamar ba tare da tallafin software don PTPv2 ba.

Tallafin kayan aiki kawai don PTPv2 yana ba ku damar kiyaye daidaiton da ake buƙata. A wannan yanayin, ana ba da hatimin lokaci ta hanyar ASIC ta musamman da aka sanya akan tashar jiragen ruwa.

Tsarin Saƙo

Duk saƙonnin PTP sun ƙunshi fage masu zuwa:

• Header - 34 bytes.
• Jiki – Girman ya dogara da nau'in saƙon.
• Suffix na zaɓi ne.

BBC

Filin Header iri ɗaya ne ga duk saƙonnin PTP. Girman sa shine 34 bytes.

Tsarin filin taken:

Nau'in saƙo - ya ƙunshi nau'in sakon da ake watsawa, misali Sync, Delay_Req, PDelay_Req, da sauransu.

Tsawon saƙo - ya ƙunshi cikakken girman saƙon PTP, gami da kan kai, jiki da ƙari (amma ban da facin bytes).

lambar yanki – ƙayyade wane yanki na PTP saƙon yake.

Домен - Waɗannan agogo ne daban-daban da aka tattara a rukuni ɗaya na ma'ana kuma an daidaita su daga babban agogo ɗaya, amma ba lallai ba ne a yi aiki tare da agogo na wani yanki na daban.

flags – Wannan filin yana dauke da tutoci daban-daban don gane matsayin sakon.

Filin gyarawa – ya ƙunshi lokacin jinkiri a nanoseconds. Lokacin jinkiri ya haɗa da jinkiri lokacin watsawa ta agogon bayyane, da kuma jinkirin lokacin watsawa ta tashar lokacin amfani da yanayin Peer-to-Peer.

sourcePortIdentity - wannan filin yana dauke da bayanai game da wane tashar jiragen ruwa aka aiko da wannan sakon.

jerin ID – ya ƙunshi lambar shaida don saƙon ɗaya.

controlField – filin artifact =) Ya kasance daga sigar farko na daidaitattun kuma ya ƙunshi bayani game da nau'in wannan saƙon. Mahimmanci iri ɗaya ne da nau'in saƙo, amma tare da ƴan zaɓuɓɓuka.

logMessageInterval – an ƙayyade wannan filin ta nau'in saƙo.

jiki

Kamar yadda aka tattauna a sama, akwai nau'ikan saƙonni da yawa. An bayyana waɗannan nau'ikan a ƙasa:

Sakon sanarwa
Ana amfani da saƙon Sanarwa don “gaya” wasu agogon da ke cikin yanki ɗaya game da sigoginsa. Wannan saƙon yana ba ku damar saita tsarin agogon Master - Slave Clock.


Saƙon daidaitawa
Ana aika saƙon Sync ta babban agogo kuma ya ƙunshi lokacin babban agogo a lokacin da aka samar da saƙon Sync. Idan babban agogo mai mataki biyu ne, to za a saita tambarin lokaci a cikin saƙon Sync zuwa 0, kuma za a aika tambarin na yanzu a cikin saƙon Follow_Up mai alaƙa. Ana amfani da saƙon Daidaitawa don duka hanyoyin auna latency.

Ana isar da saƙon ta amfani da Multicast. Za ka iya amfani da Unicast.

Jinkiri_Req saƙon

Tsarin saƙon Delay_Req yayi daidai da saƙon Aiki tare. Agogon bawa yana aika Delay_Req. Ya ƙunshi lokacin da aka aiko Delay_Req ta agogon bawa. Ana amfani da wannan saƙon don tsarin amsa buƙatar jinkiri kawai.

Ana isar da saƙon ta amfani da Multicast. Za ka iya amfani da Unicast.

Saƙon mai biyowa

Babban agogon babban agogo ne ya aiko da saƙon Follow_Up bisa zaɓi kuma yana ɗauke da lokacin aikawa Saƙonnin daidaitawa maigida. Manyan agogon mataki biyu ne kawai ke aika saƙon Follow_Up.

Ana amfani da saƙon Follow_Up don ma'aunin ma'aunin latency.

Ana isar da saƙon ta amfani da Multicast. Za ka iya amfani da Unicast.

Delay_Resp saƙo

Babban agogon babban agogo ne ya aiko da saƙon Delay_Resp. Ya ƙunshi lokacin da babban agogo ya karɓi Delay_Req. Ana amfani da wannan saƙon don tsarin amsa buƙatar jinkiri kawai.

Ana isar da saƙon ta amfani da Multicast. Za ka iya amfani da Unicast.

Pdelay_Req saƙon

Ana aika saƙon Pdelay_Req ta na'urar da ke buƙatar jinkiri. Ya ƙunshi lokacin aika saƙon daga tashar jiragen ruwa na wannan na'urar. Ana amfani da Pdelay_Req kawai don injin auna jinkirin maƙwabci.

Pdelay_Resp saƙo

Ana aika saƙon Pdelay_Resp ta na'urar da ta karɓi buƙatar jinkiri. Ya ƙunshi lokacin da wannan na'urar ta karɓi saƙon Pdelay_Req. Ana amfani da saƙon Pdelay_Resp don injin auna jinkirin maƙwabci kawai.

Saƙon Maimaitawa_Resp_Follow_Up

Pdelay_Resp_Follow_Up shine na'urar da ta karɓi buƙatar jinkirin ta aika da saƙon. Ya ƙunshi lokacin da wannan na'urar ta karɓi saƙon Pdelay_Req. Ana aika saƙon Pdelay_Resp_Follow_Up ta manyan agogon mataki biyu kawai.

Hakanan ana iya amfani da wannan saƙon don lokacin aiwatarwa maimakon tambarin lokaci. Lokacin aiwatarwa shine lokacin daga lokacin da aka karɓi Pdelay-Req har sai an aika Pdelay_Resp.

Ana amfani da Pdelay_Resp_Follow_Up kawai don injin auna jinkirin maƙwabci.

Saƙonnin Gudanarwa

Ana buƙatar saƙon sarrafa PTP don canja wurin bayanai tsakanin agogo ɗaya ko fiye da kullin sarrafawa.

Canja wurin LV

Ana iya aika saƙon PTP a matakai biyu:

• Cibiyar sadarwa - a matsayin ɓangare na bayanan IP.
• Tashoshi – a matsayin wani ɓangare na firam ɗin Ethernet.

Wayar da saƙon PTP akan UDP akan IP akan Ethernet

PTP akan UDP akan Ethernet

Bayanan martaba

PTP yana da sigogi masu sassauƙa da yawa waɗanda ke buƙatar daidaita su. Misali:

• Zaɓuɓɓukan BMCA.
• Tsarin auna latency.
• Tazara da ƙimar farko na duk sigogi masu daidaitawa, da sauransu.

Kuma duk da cewa a baya mun faɗi cewa na'urorin PTPv2 sun dace da juna, wannan ba gaskiya bane. Dole ne na'urori su sami saitunan iri ɗaya don sadarwa.

Shi ya sa akwai abin da ake kira PTPv2 profiles. Bayanan martaba rukuni ne na saitunan da aka tsara da ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun bayanai don a iya aiwatar da aiki tare na lokaci don takamaiman aikace-aikacen.

Ma'auni na IEEE 1588v2 da kansa yana kwatanta bayanin martaba ɗaya kawai - "Profile Default". Duk wasu bayanan martaba an ƙirƙira su kuma sun bayyana su ta ƙungiyoyi da ƙungiyoyi daban-daban.

Misali, Bayanin Wutar Lantarki, ko PTPv2 Profile Power, an ƙirƙira su ne ta Kwamitin Gudanar da Tsarin Wutar Lantarki da Kwamitin Substation na IEEE Power and Energy Society. Ana kiran bayanin martabar kanta IEEE C37.238-2011.

Bayanan martaba ya bayyana cewa ana iya watsa PTP:

• Ta hanyar cibiyoyin sadarwar L2 kawai (watau Ethernet, HSR, PRP, ba IP).
• Ana watsa saƙonni ta watsa shirye-shiryen Multicast kawai.
• Ana amfani da tsarin auna jinkiri na tsara azaman hanyar auna jinkiri.

Default yankin shine 0, yankin da aka ba da shawarar shine 93.

Falsafar ƙira na C37.238-2011 shine don rage yawan abubuwan zaɓin zaɓi kuma riƙe kawai ayyukan da ake buƙata don amintaccen hulɗar tsakanin na'urori da haɓaka kwanciyar hankali na tsarin.

Hakanan, ana ƙididdige yawan watsa saƙon:

A haƙiƙa, siga ɗaya ne kawai don zaɓi - nau'in agogo mai girma (mataki ɗaya ko mataki biyu).

Daidaiton ya kamata bai wuce 1 μs ba. A wasu kalmomi, hanyar aiki ɗaya ɗaya na iya ƙunsar iyakar agogo 15 na gaskiya ko agogon iyaka uku.

source: www.habr.com