Sannu masu karatu na mu blog! A wani bangare, mun riga mun saba - rubuce-rubuce na na Turanci sun bayyana a nan cikin fassarar abokin aiki na ƙaunataccena. . A wannan lokacin na yanke shawarar yin magana da masu sauraron Rashanci kai tsaye.
Don halarta na na farko, Ina so in sami batun da zai zama mai ban sha'awa ga mafi yawan masu sauraro da kuma buƙatar cikakken nazari. Daniel Defoe yayi jayayya cewa mutuwa da haraji suna jiran kowane mutum. A nawa bangare, zan iya cewa duk wani injiniyan tallafi yana jiran tambayoyi game da manufofi don adana wuraren dawowa (ko, a cikin sauƙi, riƙewa). Na fara bayanin yadda riƙewa ke aiki shekaru 4 da suka gabata a matsayin Injiniyan Ƙwararru na Mataki na XNUMX, kuma na ci gaba da bayyana yanzu a matsayin shugaban ƙungiyar Mutanen Espanya da Italiyanci. Na tabbata cewa abokan aiki na daga na biyu har ma da matakin tallafi na uku su ma suna amsa tambayoyi iri ɗaya akai-akai.
A cikin wannan haske, Ina so in rubuta ƙarshe, cikakken bayani kamar yadda zai yiwu, wanda masu amfani da harshen Rashanci zasu iya komawa akai-akai a matsayin tunani. Lokaci yayi daidai - sigar cika shekaru goma da aka fitar kwanan nan ta ƙara sabbin abubuwa zuwa ainihin ayyukan da ba su canza ba tsawon shekaru. Rubutu na ya fi mayar da hankali kan wannan sigar - kodayake yawancin abin da aka rubuta gaskiya ne ga juzu'in da suka gabata, kawai ba za ku sami wasu ayyukan da aka kwatanta a can ba. A ƙarshe, duban ɗan lokaci zuwa gaba, zan ce ana sa ran wasu canje-canje a cikin sigar ta gaba, amma za mu gaya muku game da shi idan lokaci ya yi. Don haka mu fara.
Ajiyayyen ayyuka
Da farko, bari mu kalli ɓangaren da bai canza ba a cikin sigar 10. An ƙaddara manufar riƙewa ta sigogi da yawa. Bari mu buɗe taga don ƙirƙirar sabon ɗawainiya kuma je zuwa shafin Adanawa. Anan za mu ga siga wanda ke ƙayyade adadin da ake so na maki maidowa:
Koyaya, wannan sashi ne kawai na lissafin. Hakanan ana ƙayyade ainihin adadin maki ta yanayin ajiyar da aka saita don aikin. Don zaɓar wannan zaɓi, danna maɓallin ci gaba akan wannan shafin. Wannan zai buɗe sabon taga tare da zaɓuɓɓuka da yawa. Bari mu ƙidaya su, mu yi la’akari da su ɗaya bayan ɗaya:
Idan kawai zaɓi na 1 ya kunna, aikin zai yi aiki a cikin yanayin "ƙara mara iyaka" (ƙara ci gaba har abada). Babu matsaloli a nan - aikin zai adana adadin saiti na dawo da maki daga cikakken madadin (fayil tare da tsawo na VBK) zuwa ƙarar ƙarshe (fayil tare da tsawo na VIB). Lokacin da adadin maki ya wuce kimar da aka saita, za a haɗa mafi tsohowar haɓaka tare da cikakken madadin. A takaice dai, idan an saita aikin don adana maki 3, to nan da nan bayan zama na gaba za a sami maki 4 akan ma'ajiyar, bayan haka za'a haɗa cikakken madadin tare da mafi tsufa kuma adadin maki zai dawo zuwa 3.
Hakanan mai sauqi qwarai shine riƙewa don yanayin “ƙara baya” (zaɓi na 2). Tun da a cikin wannan yanayin sabon batu zai zama cikakken madadin, biye da jerin abubuwan da ake kira rollbacks (fiyiloli tare da tsawo na VRB), don amfani da riƙewa, ya isa kawai share mafi tsufa jujjuyawar. Halin zai kasance daidai: nan da nan bayan zaman, adadin maki zai wuce ƙimar da aka saita ta 1, bayan haka zai koma darajar da ake so.
Lura cewa tare da yanayin juye-juye, Hakanan zaka iya ba da damar cikakken ajiyar lokaci na lokaci-lokaci (zaɓi 4), amma wannan baya canza ainihin. Ee, cikakkun maki maidowa zasu bayyana a cikin sarkar, amma har yanzu za mu share tsoffin maki daya bayan daya.
A ƙarshe, mun zo ga sashi mai ban sha'awa. Idan kun kunna madadin ƙarawa, amma kuma ba da damar zaɓuɓɓuka 3 ko 4 (ko duka biyun a lokaci ɗaya), aikin zai fara ƙirƙirar cikakkun bayanan lokaci-lokaci ta amfani da hanyar "active" ko na roba. Hanyar ƙirƙirar cikakken madadin ba shi da mahimmanci - zai ƙunshi bayanai iri ɗaya, kuma za a raba sarkar ƙarawa zuwa "sub-sins". Ana kiran wannan hanyar haɓaka haɓaka, kuma shine wanda ke haifar da wani muhimmin ɓangare na tambayoyin abokan cinikinmu.
Ana amfani da riƙewa a nan ta hanyar share mafi girman sashin sarkar (daga cikakken ajiyar waje zuwa ƙari). A lokaci guda, ba za mu share wariyar ajiya kawai ba ko kuma kawai ɓangare na ƙarin. Ana cire dukkan "subchain" gaba daya gaba daya. Ma'anar saita adadin maki kuma yana canzawa - idan a wasu hanyoyin wannan shine matsakaicin adadin da aka yarda, bayan haka dole ne a yi amfani da riƙewa, to anan wannan saitin yana ƙayyade mafi ƙarancin lamba. A wasu kalmomi, bayan share tsoffin "subchain", adadin maki a cikin ragowar ɓangaren bai kamata ya faɗi ƙasa da wannan mafi ƙarancin ba.
Zan yi ƙoƙarin kwatanta wannan ra'ayi a hoto. Bari mu ce an saita riƙewa zuwa maki 3, aikin yana gudana kowace rana tare da cikakken ajiyar ranar Litinin. A wannan yanayin, za a yi amfani da riƙewar lokacin da jimlar adadin maki ya kai 10:
Me yasa tuni 10 lokacin da suka sanya 3? A ranar Litinin, an ƙirƙiri cikakken madadin. Daga Talata zuwa Lahadi, aikin ya haifar da karuwa. A ƙarshe, Litinin mai zuwa, ana sake ƙirƙira cikakken madadin kuma idan an ƙirƙiri ƙarin 2 za a iya goge duk tsohon sashin sarkar, saboda ragowar maki ba za su faɗi ƙasa da saiti 3 ba.
Idan ra'ayin ya bayyana a fili, to ina ba da shawarar ku gwada yin lissafin riƙewa da kanku. Bari mu ɗauki waɗannan sharuɗɗan: an ƙaddamar da aikin a karon farko a ranar Alhamis (a zahiri, za a yi cikakken madadin). An saita aikin don ƙirƙirar cikakken madadin ranar Laraba da Lahadi da adana maki 8 maidowa. Yaushe za a yi amfani da riƙewa a karon farko?
Don amsa wannan tambayar, Ina ba da shawarar ku ɗauki takarda, zana ta kowace rana kuma ku rubuta abin da ake ƙirƙira kowace rana. Amsar za ta fito fili
Amsa
Bayyanawa: Don amsawa, ya isa ya tambayi kanku "yaushe za a yi amfani da riƙewa"? Amsar ita ce lokacin da za mu iya cire maki 3 na farko (VBK, VIB, VIB) kuma sauran sarkar ba ta faɗi ƙasa da maki 8 da ake buƙata ba. Ya bayyana a fili cewa za mu iya yin hakan idan muna da maki 11 gaba ɗaya, watau ranar Lahadi na mako na biyu.
Wasu masu karatu na iya ƙi: “Me ya sa duk wannan, idan akwai ? Ba tare da wata shakka ba, kayan aiki ne mai amfani sosai kuma a wasu lokuta zan yi amfani da shi, amma kuma yana da iyaka. Da farko, ba ya ƙyale ka ka ƙayyade yanayin farko, kuma a yawancin lokuta tambayar ita ce daidai "muna da irin wannan sarkar, menene zai faru idan muka canza irin wannan saituna?". Abu na biyu, kayan aikin har yanzu yana ɗan ƙarancin gani. Nuna shafin RPS ga abokan ciniki, ban sami fahimta ba, amma bayan zanen shi kamar yadda yake a cikin misali (har ma da amfani da Paint iri ɗaya), kowace rana, komai ya bayyana.
A ƙarshe, ba mu yi la'akari da zaɓin "Mayar da sarƙoƙin ajiyar baya zuwa juzu'i" (alama da lamba 5). Wannan zaɓi wani lokaci yana rikitar da abokan ciniki waɗanda ke kunna shi "a kan tashi", suna son kunna madadin roba mai sauƙi. A halin yanzu, wannan zaɓi yana kunna yanayin madadin na musamman. Ba tare da shiga cikin cikakkun bayanai ba, zan faɗi nan da nan cewa a wannan mataki na haɓaka samfura "Canza sarƙoƙi na baya na baya zuwa juzu'i" zaɓi ne da ya wuce, kuma ba zan iya tunanin yanayi ɗaya ba lokacin da ya kamata a yi amfani da shi. Ƙimar ta yana da shakku cewa na ɗan lokaci Anton Gostev da kansa ya aika da kira ta hanyar dandalin tattaunawa, yana tambayarsa ya aika masa da misalan amfaninsa masu amfani (idan kuna da wani, rubuta a cikin sharhi, Ina sha'awar). Idan babu (Ina tsammanin za su yi), to za a cire zaɓin a cikin sigogin gaba.
Aikin zai haifar da haɓaka (VIB) har zuwa ranar da aka tsara cikakken madadin roba. A wannan rana, hakika an halicci VBK, amma duk abubuwan da ke gaban wannan VBK an canza su zuwa rollbacks (VRB). Bayan haka, aikin zai ci gaba da haifar da haɓaka zuwa cikakken madadin har zuwa madadin roba na gaba. A sakamakon haka, an ƙirƙiri cakuda abubuwan fashewa na fayilolin VBK, VBR da VIB a cikin sarkar. Ana amfani da tsawaitawa a sauƙaƙe - ta cire VBR na ƙarshe:
Matsalolin
Baya ga ainihin fahimtar yadda yake aiki, yawancin matsalolin da ke tasowa lokacin amfani da yanayin haɓaka yawanci ana haɗa su da cikakken madadin. Cikakken cikakken ajiyar yau da kullun yana da mahimmanci don wannan yanayin, in ba haka ba ma'ajin zai tara maki har sai ya cika.
Misali, ana iya ƙirƙirar cikakken wariyar ajiya ba da yawa ba. Bari mu ce an saita aikin don adana maki 10, kuma ana ƙirƙiri cikakken madadin sau ɗaya a wata. A bayyane yake cewa ainihin adadin maki a nan zai fi girma fiye da wanda aka saita. Ko kuma an saita aikin gabaɗaya don yin aiki a cikin yanayin haɓaka mara iyaka da adana maki 50. Sai wani ya ƙirƙiri cikakken maajiyar da gangan. Shi ke nan, daga yanzu aikin zai jira har sai cikakken batu ya tara 49 increments, bayan haka zai yi amfani da riƙewa kuma ya koma yanayin da ba shi da iyaka.
A wasu lokuta, ana saita cikakken madadin don ƙirƙirar akai-akai, amma saboda wasu dalilai baya. Zan lissafa dalilin da ya fi shahara a nan. Wasu abokan ciniki sun fi son yin amfani da zaɓin tsara tsarin "gudu bayan" kuma saita ayyuka don gudana cikin sarkar. Bari mu dauki wannan misali: akwai ayyuka 3 da ke gudana kowace rana kuma suna ƙirƙirar cikakken ajiya a ranar Lahadi. Aikin farko yana farawa a 22.30, sauran an ƙaddamar da su a cikin sarkar. Ajiyayyen ƙara yana ɗaukar mintuna 10, sabili da haka, da 23.00 duk ayyuka sun gama aikinsu. Amma cikakken madadin yana ɗaukar sa'a guda, don haka a ranar Lahadi mai zuwa yana faruwa: aikin farko yana gudana daga 22.30 zuwa 23.30. Na gaba shine daga 23.30 zuwa 00.30. Amma a ranar Litinin ne aka kaddamar da aiki na uku. An saita cikakken madadin don Lahadi, don haka a wannan yanayin ba zai kasance ba. Ayyukan zai jira cikakken madadin don amfani da riƙewa. Don haka a yi hankali lokacin amfani da zaɓin “gudu bayan” ko kar a yi amfani da shi kwata-kwata - kawai saita ayyukan don farawa a lokaci guda kuma bari mai tsara kayan aiki ya yi aikinsa.
Zaɓin mai wahala "Cire abubuwan da aka goge"
Ta hanyar saitunan Ma'aji - Na ci gaba - Ayyukan kulawa, za ku iya yin tuntuɓe akan zaɓi "cire bayanan abubuwan da aka goge bayan", ƙididdiga a cikin kwanaki.
Wasu abokan ciniki suna tsammanin wannan ya zama riƙewa. A gaskiya ma, wannan zaɓi ne na gaba ɗaya, rashin fahimtar abin da zai iya haifar da sakamakon da ba zato ba tsammani. Koyaya, da farko, Ina buƙatar bayyana yadda B&R ke amsawa ga yanayi inda wasu injuna kaɗan kawai aka sami nasarar tallafawa yayin zaman.
Ka yi tunanin wannan yanayin: aiki mara iyaka wanda aka tsara don adana maki 6. Akwai injuna 2 a cikin aikin, ɗayan koyaushe ana samun tallafi cikin nasara, ɗayan wani lokacin yana ba da kurakurai. A sakamakon haka, ta hanyar batu na bakwai, al'amura masu zuwa sun taso:
Lokaci ya yi da za a yi amfani da riƙewa, amma mota ɗaya tana da maki 7, ɗayan kuma 4. Shin za a yi amfani da riƙewa a nan? Amsar ita ce eh, zai yi. Idan aƙalla abu ɗaya ya sami goyon baya, B&R yana ɗaukan cewa an ƙirƙiri batu.
Irin wannan yanayi na iya tasowa idan ba a haɗa wasu na'ura a cikin aikin ba yayin wani zama. Wannan yana faruwa, alal misali, lokacin da aka ƙara injuna zuwa aikin ba ɗaya ɗaya ba, amma a matsayin wani ɓangare na kwantena ( manyan fayiloli, ma'ajiyar ajiya) da wasu na'ura suna ƙaura na ɗan lokaci zuwa wani akwati. Sa'an nan za a yi la'akari da aikin ya ci nasara, amma za ku sami sako a cikin kididdigar da ke gaya muku cewa ku kula da gaskiyar cewa irin wannan na'ura ba a sarrafa ta da aikin.
Menene zai faru idan ba ku kula da shi ba? A cikin yanayin yanayi mara iyaka-ƙara ko jujjuya-ƙara, adadin wuraren dawo da injin "matsala" zai ragu tare da kowane zama har sai ya kai 1 da aka ajiye a cikin VBK. A wasu kalmomi, ko da na'urar ba a adana na dogon lokaci ba, batu na mayarwa zai kasance har yanzu. Ba haka lamarin yake ba idan an kunna cikakkun bayanan lokaci-lokaci. Idan aka yi watsi da sigina daga B&R, za a iya share ma'anar ƙarshe tare da tsohon ɓangaren sarkar.
Bayan fahimtar waɗannan cikakkun bayanai, a ƙarshe zamu iya yin la'akari da zaɓin "Cire bayanan abubuwan da aka goge bayan". Zai share duk maki don takamaiman na'ura idan wannan na'ura ba ta da tallafi na tsawon kwanaki X. Lura cewa wannan saitin baya amsa kurakurai (an gwada - bai yi aiki ba). Bai kamata ma a yi yunƙurin ajiye na'urar ba. Zai yi kama da cewa zaɓin yana da amfani kuma yakamata a kiyaye shi koyaushe. Idan mai gudanarwa ya cire injin daga aikin, to yana da ma'ana don share jerin bayanan da ba dole ba bayan ɗan lokaci. Koyaya, kunnawa yana buƙatar horo da kulawa.
Bari in ba ku misali daga aiki: an ƙara kwantena da yawa zuwa aikin, abin da ke tattare da shi ya kasance mai ƙarfi sosai. Saboda rashin RAM, uwar garken B&R ta fuskanci matsalolin da ba a lura da su ba. An fara aikin kuma an yi ƙoƙarin yin ajiyar injinan, sai dai guda ɗaya, wanda a lokacin ba ya cikin kwantena. Tun da yawancin injuna sun haifar da kurakurai, ta hanyar tsoho B&R dole ne su yi ƙarin yunƙuri 3 don adana injin "matsala". Saboda matsaloli akai-akai tare da RAM, waɗannan yunƙurin sun ci gaba har na kwanaki da yawa. Babu wani yunƙuri na biyu don adana VM ɗin da ya ɓace (rashin VM ba kuskure bane). A sakamakon haka, yayin daya daga cikin yunƙurin da aka maimaita, yanayin "Cire abubuwan da aka goge" ya cika kuma an share duk maki na na'ura.
A wannan lokacin, zan iya faɗi haka: idan kuna da sanarwar game da sakamakon ayyukan da aka saita, har ma mafi kyau, ana amfani da haɗin kai tare da Veeam ONE, to, wataƙila wannan ba zai faru da ku ba. Idan kun kalli uwar garken B&R sau ɗaya a mako don bincika cewa komai yana aiki, to yana da kyau a ƙi zaɓin da zai iya haifar da gogewar madadin.
Menene sabo a cikin v.10
Abin da muke magana akai a baya ya wanzu a B&R don nau'ikan iri da yawa. Bayan fahimtar waɗannan ka'idodin aikin, bari mu ga abin da aka ƙara a cikin ranar tunawa "manyan goma".
Riƙe kullun
A sama, mun yi la'akari da manufar ajiyar "classic" bisa yawan maki. Wata hanya ta daban ita ce saita “kwanaki” maimakon “mayar da maki” a cikin menu iri ɗaya.
Ra'ayin ya fito fili daga sunan - riƙewa zai adana adadin kwanakin da aka saita, adadin maki a kowace rana ba kome ba. A yin haka, ku tuna da waɗannan abubuwa:
- Ba a la'akari da ranar da ake ciki lokacin da ake ƙididdige yawan riƙewa
- Kwanakin da aikin bai yi aiki kwata-kwata kuma ana kirga su. Ya kamata a kiyaye wannan a zuciya ta yadda ba zato ba tsammani ku rasa maki na waɗannan ayyukan da ke aiki ba bisa ka'ida ba.
- Ana ƙidayar abin da aka dawo da shi daga ranar da aka ƙirƙira shi (watau idan aikin ya fara ranar Litinin kuma ya ƙare ranar Talata, to wannan batu ne daga Litinin).
In ba haka ba, ƙa'idodin aiwatar da riƙewa ta ayyuka kuma ana ƙaddara ta hanyar zaɓin madadin. Bari mu gwada wani aikin lissafi ta amfani da wannan hanyar haɓakawa. Bari mu ce an saita riƙewa zuwa kwanaki 8, aikin yana gudana kowane awa 6 tare da cikakken ajiyar ranar Laraba. A wannan yanayin, aikin ba ya aiki a ranar Lahadi. Aikin yana gudana ranar Litinin a karon farko. Yaushe za a yi amfani da riƙon?
Amsa
Kamar yadda aka saba, yana da kyau a zana alama. Zan ba da damar kaina don sauƙaƙe aikin kuma ba zan zana duk abubuwan da aka ƙirƙira don kowace rana ba, saboda adadin maki a kowace rana ba shi da mahimmanci a nan. Yana da mahimmanci a gare mu kawai cewa a ranar Litinin ta farko da Laraba batu na farko zai zama cikakken madadin, a sauran kwanakin aikin zai haifar da maki 4 kawai.
Mun fahimci da kanmu cewa za a yi amfani da riƙon ta hanyar share cikakken ajiyar ranar Litinin da ƙaruwa. Yaushe zai faru? Lokacin da sauran jerin za su ƙunshi kwanaki 8. A lokaci guda kuma, ba ma ƙidaya ranar yau ba, amma Lahadi, akasin haka, muna ƙidaya. Don haka amsar ita ce Alhamis mako na biyu.
GFS archiving don ayyuka na yau da kullun
Kafin v.10, Hanyar adana Kakan-Uba-Ɗa (GFS) tana samuwa ne kawai don ayyukan kwafin Ajiyayyen da ayyukan kwafin tef. Yanzu kuma yana samuwa don madadin na yau da kullun.
Kodayake wannan ba shi da alaƙa da batun yanzu, ba zan iya cewa sabon aikin ba yana nufin tashi daga dabarun 3-2-1 ba. Kasancewar wuraren adana kayan tarihi a cikin babban ma'ajiyar ba ya shafar amincinsa ta kowace hanya. An fahimci cewa GFS za a yi amfani da shi tare da ma'auni-fita ma'auni don jigilar waɗannan maki zuwa S3 da makamantansu. Idan ba ku yi amfani da shi ba, to yana da kyau a ci gaba da adana abubuwan farko da wuraren adana kayan tarihi a cikin ma'amaloli daban-daban.
Yanzu bari mu dubi ƙa'idodin ƙirƙirar maki GFS. A cikin saitunan ɗawainiya, a matakin Adanawa, maɓalli na musamman ya bayyana wanda ke kiran menu mai zuwa:
Ana iya rage ainihin GFS zuwa maki da yawa (lura cewa GFS yana aiki daban-daban a cikin wasu nau'ikan ayyuka, amma ƙari akan wancan daga baya):
- Aikin baya ƙirƙirar keɓantaccen cikakken madadin ƙarƙashin ma'anar GFS. Madadin haka, za a yi amfani da cikakken madadin da ya dace. Don haka, aikin dole ne ya gudana cikin yanayin haɓakawa tare da cikakken madogara na lokaci-lokaci, ko kuma dole ne mai amfani ya ƙirƙira cikakken madadin da hannu.
- Idan an kunna lokaci ɗaya kawai (alal misali, lokacin mako-mako), to a farkon lokacin GFS, aikin zai fara jira kawai don cikakken madadin kuma sanya alama ta farko ta dace kamar GFS.
Misali: Ana saita aiki don adana GFS na mako-mako ta amfani da madadin Laraba. Aikin yana gudana kowace rana, amma an shirya cikakken madadin don Juma'a. A wannan yanayin, lokacin GFS zai fara ranar Laraba kuma aikin zai fara jiran madaidaicin wuri. Zai bayyana ranar Juma'a kuma za a yi masa alama da tutar GFS.
- Idan an kunna lokuta da yawa a lokaci ɗaya (misali, mako-mako da kowane wata), to B&R zai yi amfani da hanyar da ke ba da damar yin amfani da ma'ana guda ɗaya azaman GFS na tazara da yawa (don adana sarari). Za a sanya tutoci bi da bi, farawa da ƙarami.
Misali: an saita GFS na mako-mako zuwa Laraba, kuma kowane wata ana saita GFS zuwa satin ƙarshe na wata. Aikin yana gudana kowace rana kuma yana haifar da cikakken tallafi a ranakun Litinin da Juma'a.
Don sauƙaƙa, bari mu fara ƙidaya daga ƙarshen mako na wata. A wannan makon za a ƙirƙiri cikakken madadin ranar Litinin, amma za a yi watsi da shi saboda tazarar GFS na mako-mako yana farawa ranar Laraba. Amma juma'a cikakken madadin ya dace da ma'anar GFS. Wannan tsarin ya riga ya saba mana.
Yanzu ka yi la’akari da abin da zai faru a makon da ya gabata na watan. Tazarar GFS na wata-wata za ta fara ne a ranar Litinin, amma Litinin VBK ba za a yi masa alama a matsayin GFS ba saboda aikin yana neman sanya VBK ɗaya a matsayin duka kowane wata da maki GFS na mako-mako. A lokaci guda kuma, binciken yana farawa da na mako-mako, saboda haka, ta ma'anarsa, yana iya zama na kowane wata.
Koyaya, idan an kunna tazarar mako-mako da na shekara, za su yi aiki ba tare da juna ba kuma suna iya yiwa VBKs daban-daban alama 2 a matsayin tazara na GFS daidai.
Ajiyayyen ayyukan kwafi
Wani nau'in aiki, sau da yawa yana buƙatar bayani akan aikin. Da farko, bari mu yi nazarin tsarin “classic” na aiki, ba tare da sababbin abubuwa ba v.10
Hanyar riƙewa mai sauƙi
Ta hanyar tsohuwa, irin waɗannan ayyukan suna gudana a cikin yanayin haɓaka mara iyaka. Ƙirƙirar maki an ƙaddara ta sigogi biyu - tazara ta kwafi da adadin da ake so na dawo da maki (babu riƙewa da rana a nan). An saita tazarar kwafin akan shafin Aiki na farko lokacin ƙirƙirar aiki:
An ƙididdige adadin maki kaɗan a gaba akan shafin Target
Aikin yana haifar da sabon maki 1 a kowane tazara (ba komai yawan maki aka ƙirƙira don VM ta ainihin ayyukan yi). A ƙarshen tazara, sabon batu ya ƙare kuma, idan ya cancanta, ana amfani da riƙewa ta hanyar haɗa VBK da mafi tsufa. Wannan tsarin ya riga ya san mu.
Hanyar riƙewa ta amfani da GFS
BCJ kuma na iya adana wuraren da aka adana. An saita wannan akan shafin Target guda ɗaya, a ƙasan adadin saitunan maki:
Ana iya ƙirƙirar maki GFS ta hanyoyi biyu - ta hanyar synthetically, ta yin amfani da bayanan da ke kan ma'ajiyar sakandare, ko ta hanyar yin kwatankwacin cikakken wariyar ajiya da karanta duk bayanan daga ma'ajin farko (kunna ta zaɓin da aka yi alama da lamba 3). Riƙewa a cikin lokuta biyu zai bambanta sosai, don haka za mu yi la'akari da su daban.
Synthetic GFS
A wannan yanayin, ba a ƙirƙiri batun GFS daidai a ranar da aka ƙayyade ba. Madadin haka, za a ƙirƙiri wurin GFS lokacin da aka haɗa VIB na ranar da aka tsara ma'anar GFS da za a ƙirƙira tare da cikakken madadin. Wannan wani lokaci yana haifar da rashin fahimta, saboda lokaci yana wucewa, amma har yanzu babu GFS. Kuma kawai shaman mai ƙarfi daga goyon bayan fasaha zai iya yin hasashen ranar da ɗigon zai bayyana har yanzu. A zahiri, ba a buƙatar sihiri - kawai duba adadin adadin maki da tazarar aiki tare (maki nawa ake ƙirƙira kowace rana). Yi ƙoƙarin ƙididdige shi da kanka ta amfani da wannan misali: an saita aikin don adana maki 7, tazarar aiki tare shine sa'o'i 12 (watau maki 2 kowace rana). A halin yanzu, akwai maki 7 a cikin sarkar, yau Litinin, kuma an tsara ƙirƙirar maki GFS don wannan rana. Wace rana za a halicce ta?
Amsa
Anan yana da kyau a kwatanta yadda sarkar za ta canza a cikin kuzari, da rana:
Don haka, a ranar Litinin, haɓakar ƙarshe a cikin sarkar ana yiwa alama alama a matsayin GFS, amma babu wasu canje-canje da ake gani da ke faruwa. Kowace rana aikin yana haifar da sababbin maki 2, kuma riƙewar yana motsa sarkar gaba. A ƙarshe, a ranar Alhamis, lokaci ya yi da za a yi amfani da riƙon zuwa wannan ƙarin. Wannan zaman zai ɗauki tsawon lokaci fiye da yadda aka saba - saboda aikin zai "jawo" tubalan da suka dace daga sarkar kuma ya haifar da sabon cikakken batu. Daga yanzu, za a sami maki 8 a cikin sarkar - 7 a cikin babban sarkar + GFS.
Ƙirƙirar maki GFS tare da zaɓi "Karanta gaba ɗaya".
A sama na faɗi cewa BCJ yana aiki a cikin yanayin haɓaka mara iyaka. Yanzu za mu bincika kawai keɓanta ga wannan ka'ida. Idan kun kunna zaɓin "Karanta gabaɗayan batu", za a ƙirƙiri wurin GFS daidai a ranar da aka tsara. Aikin da kansa zai yi aiki a cikin yanayin haɓakawa tare da cikakkun bayanan lokaci-lokaci, wanda muka tattauna a sama. Hakanan za'a yi amfani da riƙon ta hanyar cire mafi tsufa sashi na sarkar. Koyaya, a cikin wannan yanayin, ƙari kawai za a share, kuma za a bar cikakken madadin azaman ma'anar GFS. Saboda haka, ba a la'akari da maki masu alamar GFS yayin ƙididdige riƙon.
A ce an saita aikin don adana maki 7 kuma ƙirƙirar maki GFS mako-mako a ranar Litinin. A wannan yanayin, kowace Litinin aikin zai ƙirƙiri cikakken madadin kuma yi masa alama a matsayin GFS. Za a yi amfani da riƙon lokacin, bayan share ƙarin daga mafi girman ɓangaren, adadin ƙarar da suka rage baya faɗuwa ƙasa da 7. Wannan shine yadda yake kallon zane:
Don haka, a ƙarshen mako na biyu, akwai jimlar maki 14 a cikin sarkar. A cikin mako na biyu, aikin ya haifar da maki 7. Idan aiki ne mai sauƙi, da an riga an yi amfani da riƙon. Amma wannan BCJ ne tare da riƙewar GFS, don haka ba mu ƙidaya maki GFS ba, wanda ke nufin akwai kawai 6 daga cikinsu. Wato, har yanzu ba za mu iya amfani da riƙewa ba. A cikin mako na uku, mun ƙirƙiri wani cikakken madadin tare da tutar GFS. maki 15, amma kuma ba mu ƙidaya wannan ba. Kuma a ƙarshe, a ranar Talata na mako na uku, mun ƙirƙiri haɓaka. Yanzu, idan muka cire haɓakar sarkar mako na farko, jimlar adadin haɓaka zai gamsar da riƙon da aka saita.
Kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, a cikin wannan hanya yana da matukar muhimmanci cewa an ƙirƙiri cikakkun bayanai akai-akai. Alal misali, idan kun saita babban riƙewa zuwa kwanaki 7, amma kawai 1 batu na shekara-shekara, yana da sauƙi a yi tunanin cewa haɓakawa zai tara da yawa, fiye da 7. A irin waɗannan lokuta, yana da kyau a yi amfani da hanyar synthetic na ƙirƙirar GFS.
Sannan kuma "Cire abubuwan da aka goge"
Wannan zaɓi kuma yana nan don BCJ:
Ma'anar wannan zaɓi a nan daidai yake da a cikin ayyukan ajiyar yau da kullum - idan ba a sarrafa na'ura don adadin kwanakin da aka ƙayyade ba, to an share bayanansa daga sarkar. Koyaya, ga BCJ wannan zaɓin ya fi amfani da gaske, kuma ga dalilin da ya sa.
A cikin yanayin al'ada, BCJ yana aiki a cikin yanayin haɓaka mara iyaka, don haka idan a wani lokaci an cire na'ura daga aikin, sa'an nan riƙewar za ta share duk wuraren dawo da hankali har sai an bar ɗaya kawai - a cikin VBK. Yanzu bari mu yi tunanin cewa aikin kuma an saita shi don ƙirƙirar maki GFS na roba. Lokacin da lokaci ya zo, aikin zai buƙaci ƙirƙirar GFS don duk injunan da ke cikin sarkar. Idan wasu na'ura ba su da sababbin maki kwata-kwata - da kyau, dole ne ku yi amfani da wanda yake. Kuma haka kowane lokaci. A sakamakon haka, halin da ake ciki na iya tasowa:
Kula da sashin Fayiloli: muna da manyan VBK da maki 2 na mako-mako GFS. Kuma yanzu zuwa sashin Mayar da Mayar - a zahiri, waɗannan fayilolin sun ƙunshi hoto iri ɗaya na injin. A zahiri, babu ma'ana a cikin irin waɗannan maki GFS, kawai suna ɗaukar sarari.
Wannan yanayin yana yiwuwa ne kawai lokacin amfani da GFS na roba. Don hana wannan, yi amfani da zaɓin "Cire share abubuwan". Ka tuna kawai saita shi don isassun adadin kwanaki. Tallafin fasaha ya ga lokuta inda aka saita zaɓin zuwa ƙasa da adadin kwanakin fiye da tazarar aiki tare - BCJ ta fara ci gaba da share maki kafin su sami lokacin ƙirƙirar su.
Lura kuma cewa wannan zaɓin baya shafar abubuwan GFS masu wanzuwa. Idan kana so ka tsaftace wuraren ajiya, kana buƙatar yin shi da hannu - ta danna-dama akan na'ura kuma zaɓi "Share daga faifai" (a cikin taga da ya bayyana, kar a manta da duba akwatin "Cire GFS cikakken madadin").
Innovation v.10 - kwafi kai tsaye (kwafin nan da nan)
Bayan mun magance ayyukan "classic", bari mu matsa zuwa sabon. Bidi'a ɗaya ce, amma tana da mahimmanci. Wannan sabon salon aiki ne.
Babu wani abu kamar "tazarar daidaitawa", aikin zai ci gaba da lura da ko sabbin maki sun bayyana kuma ya kwafi su duka, komai yawan su. Duk da haka, aikin ya ci gaba da karuwa, ma'ana cewa ko da babban aikin ya haifar da VBK ko VRB, waɗannan maki za a kwafi su azaman VIB. In ba haka ba, babu abin mamaki a cikin wannan yanayin - duka daidaitattun aiki da aikin riƙewar GFS bisa ga ka'idodin da aka bayyana a sama (ko da yake kawai GFS na roba yana samuwa a nan).
Faifai suna juyawa. Siffofin Ma'ajiyar Tukwici Mai Jujjuya
Barazana akai-akai na ƙwayoyin cuta na ransomware ya sa ya zama ainihin ma'aunin tsaro don samun kwafin bayanan akan hanyar da kwayar cutar ba za ta iya kaiwa ba. Ɗayan zaɓi shine amfani da ma'ajiyar faifai mai jujjuya diski, inda ake amfani da faifai bi da bi: yayin da diski ɗaya ke haɗa kuma ana iya rubutawa, sauran ana adana su a wuri mai aminci.
Don koyar da B&R yin aiki tare da irin waɗannan ma'ajiyar, a cikin saitunan ma'ajiyar, a matakin Ma'ajiyar, danna maɓallin ci gaba kuma zaɓi zaɓin da ya dace:
Bayan haka, VBR zai jira sarkar data kasance lokaci-lokaci ta ɓace daga ma'ajiyar, wanda ke nufin juyawa diski. Dangane da nau'in ma'ajiya da nau'in aikin, B&R za su kasance daban. Kuna iya wakiltar wannan tare da tebur kamar haka:
Bari mu yi la'akari da kowane zaɓi.
Aiki na al'ada da Ma'ajiyar Windows
Don haka, muna da aikin da ke adana sarƙoƙi zuwa faifai na farko. Lokacin juyawa, sarkar da aka ƙirƙira ta ɓace a zahiri, kuma aikin yana buƙatar tsira ko ta yaya ya tsira daga wannan asarar. Yana samun ta'aziyya wajen ƙirƙirar cikakken madadin. Don haka, kowane juyi yana nufin cikakken madadin. Amma menene zai faru da dige-dige akan faifan da aka cire? Ana tunawa da su kuma ana la'akari da su lokacin da ake ƙididdige yawan riƙewa. Don haka, saitin adadin maki a cikin aikin shine maki nawa ne dole ne a ajiye su akan duk faifai. Ga misali:
Aikin yana gudana cikin yanayin haɓaka mara iyaka kuma an saita shi don adana maki 3 maidowa. Amma kuma muna da diski na biyu, kuma muna juya shi sau ɗaya a mako (ana iya samun ƙarin diski, wannan baya canza ainihin).
A cikin makon farko, aikin zai haifar da maki akan faifai na farko kuma ya haɗa ƙarin. Don haka, jimlar maki za su zama uku:
Sa'an nan kuma mu haɗa diski na biyu. A kan farawa, B&R zai lura cewa drive ɗin ya canza. Sarkar da ke kan faifan farko za ta bace daga mahaɗin, amma bayanai game da shi za su kasance a cikin bayanan. Aikin yanzu zai rike dige 3 akan faifai na biyu. Yanayin gaba ɗaya zai kasance kamar haka:
A ƙarshe, mun sake haɗa tuƙi na farko. Kafin ƙirƙirar sabon batu, aikin zai bincika abin da ke wurin tare da riƙewa. Kuma riƙewa, ina tunatar da ku, an saita don adana maki 3. A halin yanzu, muna da maki 3 akan faifai 2 (amma yana kan layi kuma an adana shi a cikin amintaccen wuri inda B&R ba zai iya kaiwa ba) da maki 3 akan faifai 1 (amma an haɗa wannan). Don haka, zaku iya cire maki 3 lafiya daga faifai 1, tunda sun wuce riƙewa. Bayan haka, aikin yana sake haifar da cikakken madadin, kuma sarkar mu ta fara kama da haka:
Idan an saita riƙewa don adana kwanaki maimakon adadin maki, to, ma'anar ba ta canzawa. Hakanan, riƙewar GFS kwata-kwata ba a tallafawa yayin amfani da ma'ajiyar ajiya tare da jujjuya diski.
Aiki na al'ada da Ma'ajiya ta hanyar sadarwa ta Linux
Hakanan wannan zaɓin yana yiwuwa, amma gabaɗaya ba a bada shawarar sosai ba saboda ƙuntatawa da aka sanya. Ayyukan zai amsa jujjuyawar faifai da bacewar sarkar a cikin hanyar - ta hanyar ƙirƙirar cikakken madadin. An haɗa iyakancewa tare da tsarin riƙewa da aka yanke.
Anan, yayin jujjuyawa, ana share dukkan sarkar da ke kan faifan da aka cire daga ma'aunin bayanai na B&R. Kula da hankali - daga bayanan bayanai, fayilolin da kansu sun kasance a kan faifai. Ana iya shigo da su kuma a yi amfani da su don farfadowa, amma ba shi da wuya a yi tsammani cewa ba dade ko ba dade irin waɗannan sarƙoƙi da aka manta za su cika dukan ma'ajin.
Maganin shine ƙara DWORD ForceDeleteBackupFiles kamar yadda aka nuna akan wannan shafin: . Bayan haka, aikin kawai zai fara share duk abubuwan da ke cikin babban fayil ɗin aiki ko babban fayil ɗin ajiya (ya danganta da ƙimar) akan kowane juyi.
Koyaya, wannan ba kyakkyawan riƙewa bane, amma a maimakon haka tsaftace duk abun ciki. Abin baƙin ciki, goyon bayan fasaha ya ci karo da lokuta lokacin da ma'ajiyar ta kasance kawai tushen tushen faifai, inda, ban da madadin, akwai wasu bayanai. Duk waɗannan an lalata su yayin juyawa.
Bugu da ƙari, lokacin da aka kunna ForceDeleteBackupFiles, yana aiki ga kowane nau'in ma'ajin, wato, ko da ma'ajin ajiya a kan Windows za su daina amfani da riƙewa kuma su fara share abun ciki. A wasu kalmomi, faifan gida a kan Windows shine mafi kyawun zaɓi don irin wannan tsarin ajiya na ajiya.
Kwafin Ajiyayyen da ma'ajiyar Windows
Tare da BCJ, abubuwa sun fi ban sha'awa. Ba wai kawai akwai cikakken riƙewa ba, amma babu buƙatar yin cikakken ajiyar duk lokacin da kuka canza faifai! Yana aiki kamar haka:
Na farko, B&R yana fara yin dige-dige a diski na farko. Bari mu ce mun saita riƙewa zuwa maki 3. Ayyukan zai yi aiki a cikin yanayin haɓaka mara iyaka kuma ya haɗa duk abin da ya wuce gona da iri (Ina tunatar da ku cewa ba a tallafawa riƙewar GFS a wannan yanayin).
Sa'an nan kuma mu haɗa diski na biyu. Tun da har yanzu babu sarkar akan sa, muna ƙirƙirar cikakkiyar ma'amala, bayan haka muna da sarkar na biyu na maki uku:
A ƙarshe, lokaci ya yi da za a sake haɗa faifan farko. Kuma a nan ne sihiri ya shigo, tun da aikin ba zai haifar da cikakken madadin ba, amma a maimakon haka kawai ci gaba da sarkar ƙarawa:
Bayan haka, a haƙiƙa, kowane faifai zai kasance yana da sarka mai zaman kansa. Don haka, riƙewa a nan baya nufin adadin maki akan duk faifai, amma adadin maki akan kowane faifai daban.
Kwafin Ajiyayyen da ma'ajin cibiyar sadarwar Linux
Bugu da ƙari, duk ƙaya ta ɓace idan ma'ajiyar ba ta kan faifan Windows na gida ba. Wannan rubutun yana aiki daidai da sauƙi mai sauƙi a sama. A kowane juyi, BCJ zai ƙirƙiri cikakken madadin, kuma za a manta da wuraren da ake da su. Don kar a bar ku ba tare da sarari kyauta ba, kuna buƙatar amfani da DWORD ForceDeleteBackupFiles.
ƙarshe
Don haka, a sakamakon irin wannan dogon rubutu, mun yi la'akari da ayyuka iri biyu. Tabbas, akwai ƙarin ayyuka da yawa, amma ba zai yiwu a yi la'akari da su duka a cikin tsarin labarin ɗaya ba. Idan bayan karanta har yanzu kuna da wasu tambayoyi, to ku rubuta su a cikin sharhi, zan yi farin cikin amsawa da kaina.
source: www.habr.com