PowerShell da ake so Tsarin Jiha da fayil: Sashe na 1. Saita DSC Pull Server don aiki tare da bayanan SQL

PowerShell Desired State Kanfigareshan (DSC) yana sauƙaƙa sosai aikin turawa da daidaita tsarin aiki, matsayin uwar garke, da aikace-aikace lokacin da kuke da ɗaruruwan sabar.

Amma lokacin amfani da DSC a kan-gidaje, i.e. ba a cikin MS Azure ba, akwai wasu nuances. Suna da mahimmanci musamman idan ƙungiyar ta kasance babba (daga wuraren aiki da sabobin 300) kuma har yanzu basu gano duniyar kwantena ba:

• Babu cikakkun rahotanni game da matsayin tsarin. Idan ba a yi amfani da tsarin da ake buƙata akan wasu sabobin ba, to idan ba tare da waɗannan rahotanni ba za mu sani game da shi. Yana da wuya a sami bayanai daga ginanniyar sabar bayar da rahoto, kuma ga ɗimbin runduna yana iya ɗaukar lokaci mai tsawo.
• Rashin scalability da kuskure haƙuri. Ba shi yiwuwa a gina gona na DSC ja sabar gidan yanar gizo wanda zai sami rumbun bayanai guda ɗaya mai jure rashin kuskure da ma'ajin gama gari na fayilolin mof don daidaitawa, kayayyaki da maɓallan rajista.

A yau zan gaya muku yadda zaku iya magance matsalar farko kuma ku sami bayanai don bayar da rahoto. Komai zai zama mafi sauƙi idan ana iya amfani da SQL azaman bayanan bayanai. MS alkawuran goyon bayan ginannen ciki kawai a cikin Windows Server 2019 ko a cikin ginin uwar garken Windows 1803. Nemo bayanai ta amfani da mai bada OleDB kuma ba zai yi aiki basaboda DSC Server yana amfani da siga mai suna wanda OleDbCommand ba shi da cikakken goyon baya.

Na samo wannan hanyar: ga waɗanda ke amfani da Windows Server 2012 da 2016, kuna iya tune amfani da bayanan SQL azaman madogara ga uwar garken tambayar DSC. Don yin wannan, za mu ƙirƙiri "proxy" a cikin nau'i na fayil na .mdb tare da tebur masu alaƙa, wanda zai tura bayanan da aka karɓa daga rahotannin abokin ciniki zuwa bayanan uwar garken SQL.

Lura: Don Windows Server 2016 dole ne ka yi amfani da su Samun damarDatabaseEngine2016x86saboda Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0 baya goyon baya.

Ba zan yi cikakken bayani game da tsarin tura uwar garken ja na DSC ba, an kwatanta shi da kyau a nan. Zan lura da maki biyu kawai. Idan muka tura mai jawo DSC akan sabar gidan yanar gizo iri ɗaya tare da WSUS ko Cibiyar Tsaro ta Kaspersky, to a cikin rubutun ƙirƙira muna buƙatar canza sigogi masu zuwa:

1. UseSecurityBestPractices     = $false

   In ba haka ba, TLS 1.0 za a kashe kuma ba za ku iya haɗawa da bayanan SQL ba. Cibiyar Tsaro ta Kaspersky kuma ba za ta yi aiki ba (ya kamata a warware matsalar a Cibiyar Tsaro ta Kaspersky v11).

2. Enable32BitAppOnWin64   = $true

   Idan ba ku yi wannan canjin ba, ba za ku iya gudanar da sabar AppPool DSC akan IIS tare da WSUS ba.

3. Lokacin shigar da uwar garken DSC tare da WSUS, kashe a tsaye da tsayayyen caching don rukunin yanar gizon DSC.

Bari mu ci gaba don saita uwar garken DSC don amfani da bayanan SQL.

Ƙirƙirar bayanan SQL

1. Bari mu ƙirƙiri bayanan SQL mara komai mai suna DSC.

   
   
   

2. Bari mu ƙirƙiri asusu don haɗawa da wannan bayanan. Da farko, bincika cewa uwar garken SQL yana ba da damar tantancewa na duka asusun Windows da SQL.

   
   
   

3. Jeka sashin Taswirar Mai amfani. Zaɓi bayanan bayanai, a wannan yanayin DSC. Muna ba da haƙƙin mai gidan bayanai.

   

4. Anyi.

   

Ƙirƙirar Tsari don Database na DSC

Akwai hanyoyi guda biyu don ƙirƙirar tsari don bayanan DSC:

• da kansa, ta hanyar rubutun TSQL

  SET ANSI_NULLS ON
  GO
  SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON
  GO
  CREATE TABLE [dbo].[Devices](
  [TargetName] [nvarchar](255) NOT NULL,
  [ConfigurationID] [nvarchar](255) NOT NULL,
  [ServerCheckSum] [nvarchar](255) NOT NULL,
  [TargetCheckSum] [nvarchar](255) NOT NULL,
  [NodeCompliant] [bit] NOT NULL,
  [LastComplianceTime] [datetime] NULL,
  [LastHeartbeatTime] [datetime] NULL,
  [Dirty] [bit] NOT NULL,
  [StatusCode] [int] NULL
  ) ON [PRIMARY]
  GO
   
  CREATE TABLE [dbo].[RegistrationData](
  [AgentId] [nvarchar](255) NOT NULL,
  [LCMVersion] [nvarchar](255) NULL,
  [NodeName] [nvarchar](255) NULL,
  [IPAddress] [nvarchar](255) NULL,
  [ConfigurationNames] [nvarchar](max) NULL
  ) ON [PRIMARY] TEXTIMAGE_ON [PRIMARY]
  GO
   
  CREATE TABLE [dbo].[StatusReport](
  [JobId] [nvarchar](50) NOT NULL,
  [Id] [nvarchar](50) NOT NULL,
  [OperationType] [nvarchar](255) NULL,
  [RefreshMode] [nvarchar](255) NULL,
  [Status] [nvarchar](255) NULL,
  [LCMVersion] [nvarchar](50) NULL,
  [ReportFormatVersion] [nvarchar](255) NULL,
  [ConfigurationVersion] [nvarchar](255) NULL,
  [NodeName] [nvarchar](255) NULL,
  [IPAddress] [nvarchar](255) NULL,
  [StartTime] [datetime] NULL,
  [EndTime] [datetime] NULL,
  [Errors] [nvarchar](max) NULL,
  [StatusData] [nvarchar](max) NULL,
  [RebootRequested] [nvarchar](255) NULL
  ) ON [PRIMARY] TEXTIMAGE_ON [PRIMARY]
  GO

• shigo da bayanai daga na'urori marasa komai.mdb a matsayin ɓangare na PSDesiredStateConfiguration na PSDesiredStateConfiguration ta hanyar Mayen Shigo da Bayanai na SQL.

  Na'urorin.mdb da za mu yi aiki da su suna cikin C:WindowsSysWOW64WindowsPowerShellv1.0ModulesPSDesiredStateConfigurationPullServer.

1. Don shigo da bayanai, gudanar da Mayen Shigo da Fitarwa na SQL Server.

   

2. Mun zaɓi inda za mu samo bayanan - a cikin yanayinmu ita ce bayanan Microsoft Access. Danna Gaba.

   

3. Zaɓi fayil ɗin da muke shigo da zane daga ciki.

   

4. Muna nuna inda za mu shigo da shi - a gare mu ita ce bayanan SQL.

   

5. Zaɓi uwar garken SQL (Sunan uwar garken) da kuma bayanan da za mu shigo da bayanai (DataBase).

   

6. Zaɓi zaɓi Kwafi bayanai daga tebur ɗaya ko fiye ko ra'ayoyi (kwafin bayanai daga tebur ko ra'ayoyi).

   

7. Muna zaɓar teburin da za mu shigo da tsarin bayanai daga ciki.

   

8. Duba akwatin Run nan da nan kuma danna Gama.

   

9. Anyi.

   

10. Sakamakon haka, tebur ya kamata su bayyana a cikin bayanan DSC.

    

Saita fayil ɗin “proxy” .mdb

Ƙirƙirar haɗin ODBC zuwa uwar garken SQL. Ana ɗauka cewa ba a shigar da MS Access akan uwar garken da ke aiki da DSC ba, don haka saitin databases.mdb ana yin shi akan ma'aikacin matsakaici tare da shigar da MS Access.

Bari mu ƙirƙiri tsarin haɗin ODBC zuwa uwar garken SQL (bitin haɗin haɗin dole ne ya dace da bitness na MS Access - 64 ko 32). Ana iya ƙirƙirar ta ta amfani da:
- Powershell cmdlet:

Add-OdbcDsn –Name DSC –DriverName 'SQL Server' –Platform '<64-bit or 32-bit>' –DsnType System –SetPropertyValue @('Description=DSC Pull Server',"Server=<Name of your SQL Server>",'Trusted_Connection=yes','Database=DSC') –PassThru

- ko da hannu, ta amfani da mayen haɗi:

1. Buɗe kayan aikin gudanarwa. Muna zaɓar tushen bayanan ODBC dangane da sigar shigar MS Access. Jeka shafin DSN na System kuma ƙirƙirar haɗin tsarin (Ƙara).

   

2. Mun nuna cewa za mu haɗa zuwa uwar garken SQL. Danna Gama.

   

3. Ƙayyade suna da uwar garken don haɗi zuwa. Sannan ana buƙatar ƙirƙira haɗi tare da sigogi iri ɗaya akan uwar garken DSC.

   

4. Mun nuna cewa don haɗawa zuwa uwar garken SQL, muna amfani da shigar da aka ƙirƙira a baya tare da sunan DSC.

   

5. Mun ƙayyade bayanan bayanai a cikin saitunan haɗin DSC.

   

6. Danna Gama.

   

7. Kafin mu kammala saitin, muna duba cewa haɗin yana aiki (Test Data Source).

   

8. Anyi.

   

Ƙirƙirar bayanan na'urorin.mdb a cikin MS Access. Kaddamar da MS Access kuma ƙirƙirar rumbun adana bayanai mara komai da ake kira Devices.mdb.

1. Je zuwa shafin bayanan waje kuma danna kan ODBC Database. A cikin taga da ya bayyana, zaɓi Ƙirƙirar tebur mai haɗe don haɗi zuwa tushen bayanai.

   

2. A cikin sabuwar taga, zaɓi shafin Tushen Bayanan Mashin kuma danna Ok. A cikin sabuwar taga, shigar da takaddun shaida don haɗawa da uwar garken SQL.

   

3. Zaɓi teburin da ake buƙatar haɗawa. Duba akwatin Ajiye kalmar sirri kuma danna Ok. Ajiye kalmar sirri kowane lokaci don duka tebur uku.

   

4. A cikin firikwensin kuna buƙatar zaɓar masu zuwa:
   - Sunan Target don tebur dbo_Devices;

   
   
   - NodeName ko adireshin IP don dbo_RegistrationData;

   
   
   - NodeName ko adireshin IP don dbo_StatusReport.

   

5. Bari mu sake suna tebur a MS Access, wato: cire prefix dbo_ domin DSC ta yi amfani da su.

   

6. Anyi.

   

7. Ajiye fayil ɗin kuma rufe MS Access. Yanzu muna kwafi sakamakon na'urorin.mdb zuwa uwar garken DSC (ta tsohuwa a cikin C: Fayilolin ShirinWindowsPowershellDSCSservice) kuma mu maye gurbin wanda yake da shi (idan akwai).

Ana saita uwar garken DSC don amfani da SQL

1. Mun koma uwar garken DSC. Don haɗi zuwa uwar garken SQL tare da fayil ɗin wakili, bari mu ƙirƙiri sabon haɗin ODBC akan sabar DSC. Sunan, zurfin bit, da saitunan haɗin kai dole ne su kasance iri ɗaya da lokacin ƙirƙirar fayil ɗin MDB. Kuna iya kwafin na'urorin da aka riga aka tsara.mdb daga nan.
2. Don amfani da na'urorin.mdb, kuna buƙatar yin canje-canje ga web.config na uwar garken DSC (tsoho shine C:inetpubPSDSCPullServerweb.config):

- don Windows Server 2012

<add key="dbprovider" value="System.Data.OleDb">
<add key="dbconnectionstr" value="Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source=C:Program FilesWindowsPowerShellDscServiceDevices.mdb;">

- don Windows Server 2016

<add key="dbprovider" value="System.Data.OleDb">
<add key="dbconnectionstr" value="Provider=Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0;Data Source=C:Program FilesWindowsPowerShellDscServiceDevices.mdb;">

Wannan yana kammala saitin uwar garken DSC.

Duba ayyukan uwar garken DSC

1. Bari mu duba cewa ana samun damar uwar garken DSC ta hanyar burauzar yanar gizo.

   

2. Yanzu bari mu bincika ko uwar garken ja na DSC yana aiki daidai. Don yin wannan, tsarin xPSDesiredStateConfiguration ya ƙunshi rubutun pullservetuptests.ps1. Kafin gudanar da wannan rubutun, dole ne ka shigar da samfurin Powershell mai suna Pester. Shigar da shi Install-Module -Name Pester.
3. Buɗe C: Fayilolin ShirinWindowsPowerShellModulesxPSDesiredStateConfiguration<module sigar>DSCPullServerSetupPullServerDeploymentVerificationTest (a cikin misalin sigar 8.0.0.0.0).

   

4. Bude PullServerSetupTests.ps1 kuma duba hanyar zuwa web.config na uwar garken DSC. Hanyar zuwa web.config, wanda zai duba rubutun, an haskaka shi da ja. Idan ya cancanta, mu canza wannan hanya.

   

5. Gudu pullservetuptests.ps1
   Kira-Pester.PullServerSetupTests.ps1
   Се работает.

   

6. A cikin SQL Management Studio mun ga cewa runduna masu gudanarwa suna aika rahotanni zuwa uwar garken rahoton DSC kuma bayanan sun ƙare a cikin bayanan DSC akan sabar SQL.

   

Shi ke nan. A cikin labarai masu zuwa na shirya in gaya muku yadda ake gina rahotanni kan bayanan da aka samu, kuma zan tabo batutuwa game da haƙuri da kuskure.

source: www.habr.com