, dukan ainihin abin da ke ci gaba da hanya zuwa aiki da kai da inganta aikin aiki tare da yanayin girgije.
Bari mu tuna cewa a cikin Mayu 2019 mun gabatar da Red Hat OpenShift 4, ƙarni na gaba na dandalin Kubernetes, wanda muka sake tsarawa don sauƙaƙe sarrafa aikace-aikacen kwantena a cikin yanayin samarwa.
An ƙirƙiri maganin azaman dandamali mai sarrafa kansa tare da sabuntawa ta atomatik da sarrafa rayuwar rayuwa a cikin gajimare mai gauraya kuma an gina shi akan tabbataccen Red Hat Enterprise Linux da Red Hat Enterprise Linux CoreOS. A cikin sigar 4.2, an mayar da hankali kan sanya dandamali ya zama mafi aminci ga masu haɓakawa. Bugu da ƙari, mun sauƙaƙa aikin sarrafa dandamali da aikace-aikace don masu gudanarwa ta gungu ta hanyar ba da kayan aikin ƙaura daga OpenShift 3 zuwa 4, da kuma aiwatar da tallafi don daidaitawar layi.
Ina gudun ya ke?
Shafin 4.2 yana sauƙaƙe aiki tare da Kubernetes, yana ba da sabon yanayin gudanarwa na OpenShift wanda aka inganta don ayyukan masu haɓakawa, da kuma sabbin kayan aiki da plugins don ginin kwantena, tsara bututun CI / CD da aiwatar da tsarin uwar garke. Duk wannan yana taimaka wa masu shirye-shirye su mai da hankali sosai kan babban aikinsu - ƙirƙirar lambar aikace-aikacen, ba tare da ɓarna da abubuwan Kubernetes ba.
Duba topology na aikace-aikace a cikin na'ura mai haɓakawa.
Sabon yanayin haɓakawa na OpenShift console
Sabbin kayan aikin haɓakawa a cikin OpenShift 4.2:
- Console Yanar Gizo yana taimaka wa masu haɓakawa su mai da hankali kan abin da ya fi dacewa ta hanyar nuna bayanai da saiti kawai da suke buƙata. Ingantattun UI don kallon topology da taron aikace-aikace yana sa sauƙin ƙirƙira, turawa, da hango aikace-aikacen kwantena da albarkatun tari.
- Kayan aiki - ƙirar layin umarni na musamman don masu haɓakawa waɗanda ke sauƙaƙe haɓaka aikace-aikacen akan dandalin OpenShift. Ta hanyar tsara hulɗa kamar Git turawa, wannan CLI yana taimaka wa masu haɓakawa ba tare da ƙoƙari su ƙirƙiri aikace-aikace akan dandalin OpenShift ba, ba tare da zurfafa cikin abubuwan Kubernetes ba.
- don Microsoft Visual Studio Code, JetBrains IDE (gami da IntelliJ) da Eclipse Desktop IDE suna ba da sauƙi tare da kayan aikin da aka yi amfani da su kuma suna ba ku damar haɓakawa, ginawa, gyarawa da tura aikace-aikacen OpenShift a cikin yanayin IDE wanda ya saba da masu haɓakawa.
- Red Hat OpenShift Extension Deployment Extension don Microsoft Azure DevOps. Yana ba masu amfani da wannan kayan aikin DevOps damar tura aikace-aikacen su akan Azure Red Hat OpenShift ko duk wani gungu na OpenShift akan dandalin Microsoft Azure DevOps.
Plugin don Kayayyakin Hulɗa
Cikakken OpenShift akan kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka
, waɗanda shirye-shiryen gungu na OpenShift waɗanda aka inganta don turawa akan wurin aiki ko kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka, suna ba da damar haɓaka aikace-aikacen girgije a cikin gida.
Sabis Mesh
Maganin mu , Gina kan tushen buɗaɗɗen ayyukan software na Istio, Kiali da Jaeger da na musamman , yana sauƙaƙe haɓakawa, ƙaddamarwa da kuma kula da aikace-aikace a kan dandalin OpenShift ta hanyar samar da kayan aikin da suka dace da kuma ɗaukar nauyin aiki na aikace-aikacen girgije dangane da gine-gine na zamani irin su microservices. Maganin yana ba masu shirye-shirye damar 'yantar da kansu daga buƙatar turawa da kansu da kuma kula da sabis na cibiyar sadarwa na musamman da ake buƙata don aikace-aikacen da dabarun kasuwanci da ake ƙirƙira.
, , An yi shi ne don mai haɓakawa a zahiri "daga farko zuwa ƙarshe" kuma yana ba da fasali kamar ganowa, awo, gani da saka idanu na sadarwar cibiyar sadarwa, da kuma shigarwa da daidaitawar layin sabis a dannawa ɗaya. Bugu da ƙari, maganin yana ba da fa'idodi dangane da gudanarwar aiki da tsaro, kamar ɓoyewar zirga-zirgar ababen hawa tsakanin sabobin a cikin cibiyar bayanai da haɗin kai tare da ƙofar API. .
Babban hangen nesa na zirga-zirgar tari ta amfani da Kiali a cikin Mesh Sabis na OpenShift
Kwamfuta mara amfani
Sauran maganin mu , yana taimaka muku turawa da gudanar da aikace-aikacen da ke sauƙaƙe sama da ƙasa akan buƙata, har zuwa sifili. An gina shi a saman aikin Knative kuma yana samuwa a cikin Fasahar Fasaha, za'a iya kunna wannan bayani akan kowane gungu na OpenShift 4 ta amfani da ma'aikacin Kubernetes mai alaƙa, yana sauƙaƙa farawa da shigar da abubuwan da ake buƙata don tura aikace-aikace ko ayyuka marasa uwar garke akan OpenShift. Yanayin ci gaba na na'urar wasan bidiyo na OpenShift, wanda ya bayyana a cikin sigar 4.2, yana ba ku damar amfani da zaɓuɓɓuka marasa uwar garke a daidaitattun hanyoyin haɓakawa, kamar Shigo daga Git ko Hoton Deployan, a wasu kalmomi, zaku iya ƙirƙirar aikace-aikace marasa sabar kai tsaye daga na'ura wasan bidiyo.
Ƙirƙirar turawa mara sabar a cikin OpenShift console
Baya ga haɗin kai tare da na'ura mai haɓakawa, sabon sigar OpenShift yana da wasu haɓakawa dangane da rashin uwar garken. Musamman, wannan shine kn - ƙirar layin umarni na Knative, wanda ke ba da aiki mai dacewa da fahimta, yana ba ku damar tattara abubuwan da suka dace don aikace-aikacen; Ɗaukar hoto na lamba da daidaitawa, kuma yana ba da ikon taswirar ƙarshen cibiyar sadarwa zuwa takamaiman nau'ikan ko ayyuka. Duk waɗannan fasalulluka, waɗanda ake samu a cikin Fasahar Fasaha ta hanyar mai ba da sabis na OpenShift Serverless, suna taimaka wa masu haɓakawa su sami kwanciyar hankali tare da gine-gine marasa uwar garken kuma suna da sassauci don tura aikace-aikacen su a cikin gajimare na matasan ba tare da an kulle su cikin takamaiman abubuwan more rayuwa ba.
Cloud CI / CD bututun
Haɗuwa da ci gaba da bayarwa (CI / CD) sune mahimman ayyukan haɓakawa a yau waɗanda ke haɓaka sauri da amincin ƙaddamar da software. Kyawawan kayan aikin CI/CD suna ba da damar ƙungiyoyin haɓakawa don daidaitawa da sarrafa matakan amsawa, wanda ke da mahimmanci ga ci gaba mai ƙarfi mai nasara. A cikin OpenShift, zaku iya amfani da Jenkins na al'ada ko sabon maganin mu azaman kayan aikin kayan aiki .
Jenkins a yau shine ma'auni na gaskiya, amma muna danganta makomar akwati CI/CD tare da aikin software na buɗe tushen Tekton. Sabili da haka, an gina bututun OpenShift musamman akan wannan aikin kuma yana tallafawa irin waɗannan hanyoyin da aka saba don mafita na girgije kamar bututun-as-code ("bututu kamar lambar") da GitOps. A cikin bututun OpenShift, kowane mataki yana gudana a cikin akwati nasa, don haka ana amfani da albarkatun kawai yayin da wannan matakin ke gudana, yana ba masu haɓaka damar cikakken iko akan bututun isar da su, plugins, da ikon samun damar shiga ba tare da dogaro da sabar CI/CD ta tsakiya ba.
OpenShift Pipelines har yanzu yana cikin Preview Developer kuma ana samunsa azaman ma'aikaci mai dacewa wanda za'a iya amfani dashi a kowane gungu na OpenShift 4. Ana iya amfani da Jenkins a cikin nau'ikan OpenShift 3 da 4 duka.
Red Hat OpenShift bututun
Sarrafa kwantena a cikin gajimare mai haɗe-haɗe
Shigarwa ta atomatik da sabuntawa na OpenShift yana kawo gajimaren gajimare kamar yadda zai yiwu ga girgijen canonical dangane da ƙwarewar mai amfani. OpenShift 4.2 ya kasance a baya don manyan dandamali na girgije na jama'a, gajimare masu zaman kansu, dandamali na zahiri da sabar sabar karfe, amma sigar XNUMX tana ƙara sabbin dandamali na girgije na jama'a zuwa wannan jerin - Microsoft Azure da Google Cloud Platform, kazalika da girgije masu zaman kansu na OpenStack.
An inganta mai shigar da OpenShift 4.2 don wurare daban-daban na manufa, kuma an horar da shi don yin aiki tare da keɓancewa (ba a haɗa su da Intanet ba) a karon farko. Shigar da akwatin yashi da yanayin wakili na tilas tare da ikon samar da tarin CA na ku yana taimakawa tabbatar da bin ƙa'idodin tsari da ka'idojin tsaro na ciki. Yanayin shigarwa na tsaye yana ba ku damar samun sabon sigar OpenShift Container Platform koyaushe a wuraren da babu damar Intanet ko a cikin mahalli masu tsauraran manufofin gwajin hoto.
Bugu da ƙari, ta hanyar tura cikakken tari na OpenShift ta amfani da Red Hat Enterprise Linux CoreOS, nau'in nau'in Red Hat Enterprise Linux mai nauyi, za ku iya samun girgije a shirye cikin ƙasa da sa'a guda daga shigarwa.
Red Hat OpenShift yana ba ku damar haɗa hanyoyin ƙirƙira, turawa da sarrafa aikace-aikacen kwantena a cikin gajimare da kan abubuwan more rayuwa. Tare da sauƙi, ƙarin sarrafawa da sauri, OpenShift 4.2 yanzu yana samuwa akan AWS, Azure, OpenStack da GCP, yana bawa ƙungiyoyi damar sarrafa dandamali na Kubernetes da kyau a cikin gajimare.
Sauƙaƙe ƙaura daga OpenShift 3 zuwa OpenShift 4
Sabbin kayan aikin ƙaura na nauyin aiki suna sauƙaƙe ƙaura zuwa OpenShift 4.2 daga nau'ikan dandamali na baya. Canja wurin lodi daga tsohon gungu zuwa sabo yanzu yana da sauri da sauri, sauƙi kuma tare da ƙaramar ayyukan hannu. Mai gudanar da tari kawai yana buƙatar zaɓar tushen OpenShift 3.x cluster, yi alama aikin da ake so (ko sunan suna) akan sa sannan a saka abin da za a yi tare da madaidaitan juzu'i - kwafa su zuwa gungu na OpenShift 4.x manufa ko ƙaura su. . Aikace-aikace sannan ci gaba da gudana akan gungu na asali har sai mai gudanarwa ya ƙare su.
OpenShift 4.2 yana goyan bayan yanayin ƙaura daban-daban:
- Ana kwafin bayanan ta amfani da ma'ajiyar matsakaita dangane da aikin Velero. Wannan zaɓi yana ba ku damar yin ƙaura tare da canjin tsarin ajiya lokacin, alal misali, gungu na asali yana amfani da Gluster, kuma sabon yana amfani da Ceph.
- Bayanan sun kasance a cikin ma'ajiya na yanzu, amma an haɗa ta zuwa sabon tari (canjin ƙarar ƙarar juzu'i).
- Ana kwafin tsarin fayil ta amfani da Restic.
Dama na farkon dare
Yawancin masu amfani da mu za su so su iya gwada sabbin abubuwan da aka tsara na OpenShift tun kafin a fito da sabon saki. . Lura cewa waɗannan gine-gine ba a yi niyya don amfanin samarwa ba, ba su da tallafi, ba su da kyau a rubuce, kuma suna iya samun aikin da bai cika ba. Ingancin waɗannan ginin yana ƙaruwa yayin da suke kusa da sigar ƙarshe.
Gine-gine na dare yana ba abokan ciniki da abokan haɗin gwiwa damar samfotin sabbin abubuwa tun farkon haɓakawa, waɗanda zasu iya zama masu amfani don tsara turawa ko haɗawa da OpenShift tare da mafita na masu haɓaka ISV.
Sanarwa ga membobin OKD Community
An fara aiki akan OKD 4.0, buɗe tushen rarraba Kubernetes wanda al'ummar ci gaba suka ƙirƙira kuma yana ƙarƙashin Red Hat OpenShift. Muna gayyatar kowa da kowa ya ba da kimarsa a halin yanzu , Fedora CoreOS (FCOS) da Kubernetes a cikin OKD Working Group ko bi ci gaba a kan gidan yanar gizon. .
Note:
Kalmar "haɗin gwiwa" a cikin wannan ɗaba'ar baya nufin haɗin gwiwar doka ko wata hanyar alaƙar doka tsakanin Red Hat, Inc. da duk wata hukuma ta doka.
source: www.habr.com