Sabis na marayu: ƙarancin aikin gine-ginen sabis (micro).

Daraktan Ayyuka na Banki.ru portal Andrey Nikolsky ya yi magana a taron na bara DevOpsDays Moscow game da ayyukan marayu: yadda ake gane maraya a cikin ababen more rayuwa, dalilin da yasa hidimar marayu ba ta da kyau, abin da za a yi da su, da abin da za a yi idan babu abin da zai taimaka.

A ƙasa da yanke akwai sigar rahoton rahoton.


Sannu abokan aiki! Sunana Andrey, ina shugabantar ayyuka a Banki.ru.

Muna da manyan ayyuka, waɗannan su ne irin waɗannan ayyuka na monolithic, akwai sabis a cikin ma'anar gargajiya, kuma akwai ƙanana. A cikin kalmomi na ma'aikaci-baƙauye, na ce idan sabis yana da sauƙi kuma ƙarami, to micro ne, kuma idan ba mai sauƙi ba ne kuma ƙarami, to sabis ne kawai.

Ribobi na ayyuka

Zan yi sauri fiye da fa'idodin ayyukan.

Sabis na marayu: ƙarancin aikin gine-ginen sabis (micro).

Na farko shine sikeli. Kuna iya yin wani abu da sauri akan sabis ɗin kuma fara samarwa. Kun karɓi zirga-zirga, kun rufe sabis ɗin. Kuna da ƙarin zirga-zirga, kun rufe shi kuma kun zauna tare da shi. Wannan kyauta ce mai kyau, kuma, a ka'ida, lokacin da muka fara, an dauke shi abu mafi mahimmanci a gare mu, dalilin da yasa muke yin duk wannan.

Sabis na marayu: ƙarancin aikin gine-ginen sabis (micro).

Na biyu, keɓantaccen ci gaba, lokacin da kuke da ƙungiyoyin ci gaba da yawa, masu haɓaka daban-daban a cikin kowace ƙungiya, kuma kowace ƙungiya tana haɓaka sabis ɗin ta.

Tare da ƙungiyoyi akwai nuance. Masu haɓakawa sun bambanta. Kuma akwai, misali, snowflake mutane. Na fara ganin wannan tare da Maxim Dorofeev. Wasu lokuta mutanen dusar ƙanƙara suna cikin wasu ƙungiyoyi kuma ba akan wasu ba. Wannan ya sa hidimomin daban-daban da ake amfani da su a fadin kamfanin su zama marasa daidaituwa.

Sabis na marayu: ƙarancin aikin gine-ginen sabis (micro).

Dubi hoton: wannan mai haɓakawa ne mai kyau, yana da manyan hannaye, yana iya yin abubuwa da yawa. Babban matsalar ita ce daga ina waɗannan hannaye suka fito.

Sabis na marayu: ƙarancin aikin gine-ginen sabis (micro).

Ayyuka suna ba da damar yin amfani da harsunan shirye-shirye daban-daban waɗanda suka fi dacewa da ayyuka daban-daban. Wasu sabis ɗin suna cikin Go, wasu suna cikin Erlang, wasu suna cikin Ruby, wani abu yana cikin PHP, wani abu yana cikin Python. Gabaɗaya, zaku iya faɗaɗa sosai. Akwai nuances a nan kuma.

Sabis na marayu: ƙarancin aikin gine-ginen sabis (micro).

Gine-ginen da ya dace da sabis shine da farko game da devops. Wato, idan ba ku da aiki da kai, babu tsarin turawa, idan kun saita shi da hannu, saitunanku na iya canzawa daga misalin sabis zuwa misali, kuma dole ne ku je wurin don yin wani abu, to kuna cikin jahannama.

Misali, kuna da ayyuka 20 kuma kuna buƙatar turawa da hannu, kuna da consoles guda 20, kuma kuna latsa “shiga” lokaci guda kamar ninja. Ba shi da kyau sosai.

Idan kuna da sabis bayan gwaji (idan akwai gwaji, ba shakka), kuma har yanzu kuna buƙatar gama shi da fayil don ya yi aiki a samarwa, Ina kuma da mummunan labari a gare ku.

Idan kun dogara da takamaiman sabis na Amazon kuma kuna aiki a Rasha, to watanni biyu da suka gabata kuna da "Duk abin da ke kusa yana kan wuta, Ina lafiya, komai yana da kyau."

Sabis na marayu: ƙarancin aikin gine-ginen sabis (micro).

Muna amfani da Mai yiwuwa don yin aiki da kai, Puppet don haɗuwa, Bamboo don sarrafa aikin turawa, da Haɗin kai don bayyana shi duka.

Ba zan tsaya a kan wannan dalla-dalla ba, saboda rahoton ya fi game da ayyukan hulɗa, kuma ba game da aiwatar da fasaha ba.

Sabis na marayu: ƙarancin aikin gine-ginen sabis (micro).

Misali, mun sami matsala inda Puppet akan sabar ke aiki tare da Ruby 2, amma an rubuta wasu aikace-aikacen don Ruby 1.8, kuma ba sa aiki tare. Wani abu yayi kuskure a can. Kuma lokacin da kuke buƙatar kunna nau'ikan Ruby da yawa akan na'ura ɗaya, yawanci kuna fara samun matsaloli.

Misali, muna ba kowane maginin wani dandali wanda kusan duk wani abu da muke da shi, da duk wani hidimomin da za a iya raya shi, ta yadda ya ke da kebantaccen muhalli, sai ya karya shi ya gina yadda yake so.

Yana faruwa cewa kuna buƙatar wasu fakiti na musamman da aka haɗa tare da goyan bayan wani abu a wurin. Yana da wuyar gaske. Na saurari rahoto inda hoton Docker yayi nauyin 45 GB. A cikin Linux, ba shakka, ya fi sauƙi, duk abin da yake ƙarami a can, amma har yanzu, ba za a sami isasshen sarari ba.

To, akwai abubuwan dogaro da suka yi karo da juna, yayin da wani yanki na aikin ya dogara da ɗakin karatu na nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in aikin yana dogaro da wani nau'in aikin da wani nau'in nau'in aikin kuma ba'a shigar da dakunan karatu tare kwata-kwata.

Sabis na marayu: ƙarancin aikin gine-ginen sabis (micro).

Muna da shafuka da ayyuka a cikin PHP 5.6, muna jin kunyar su, amma me za mu iya yi? Wannan rukunin yanar gizon mu ɗaya ne. Akwai shafuka da ayyuka akan PHP 7, akwai su da yawa, ba ma jin kunyar su. Kuma kowane mai haɓaka yana da nasa tushe inda ya gani cikin farin ciki.

Idan ka rubuta a cikin kamfani a cikin harshe ɗaya, to, injunan kama-da-wane guda uku kowane mai haɓaka suna sauti na al'ada. Idan kuna da yarukan shirye-shirye daban-daban, to lamarin yana kara muni.

Sabis na marayu: ƙarancin aikin gine-ginen sabis (micro).

Kuna da shafuka da ayyuka akan wannan, akan wannan, sannan wani rukunin don Go, rukunin yanar gizo ɗaya don Ruby, da wasu Redis a gefe. A sakamakon haka, duk wannan yana juya zuwa babban filin don tallafawa, kuma duk lokacin da wasu zasu iya karya.

Sabis na marayu: ƙarancin aikin gine-ginen sabis (micro).

Saboda haka, mun maye gurbin fa'idodin harshen shirye-shirye tare da amfani da tsarin daban-daban, tun da tsarin tsarin PHP ya bambanta sosai, suna da damar daban-daban, al'ummomi daban-daban, da tallafi daban-daban. Kuma za ku iya rubuta sabis don ku riga kuna da wani abu da aka shirya masa.

Kowane sabis yana da ƙungiyarsa

Sabis na marayu: ƙarancin aikin gine-ginen sabis (micro).

Babban fa'idarmu, wacce ta karu tsawon shekaru da yawa, shine cewa kowane sabis yana da ƙungiyarsa. Wannan ya dace da babban aikin, zaka iya ajiye lokaci akan takardun, manajoji sun san aikin su da kyau.

Kuna iya ƙaddamar da ayyuka cikin sauƙi daga tallafi. Misali, sabis ɗin inshora ya lalace. Kuma nan da nan tawagar da ke hulda da inshora ta tafi don gyara shi.

Ana ƙirƙira sabbin abubuwa cikin sauri, saboda lokacin da kuke da sabis na atomic guda ɗaya, zaku iya datsa wani abu cikin sauri.

Kuma lokacin da kuka karya sabis ɗin ku, kuma wannan ba makawa ya faru, ba ku shafi ayyukan sauran mutane ba, kuma masu haɓakawa tare da wasu ƙungiyoyin ba sa zuwa wurin ku su ce: “Oh, kar ku yi haka.”

Sabis na marayu: ƙarancin aikin gine-ginen sabis (micro).

Kamar kullum, akwai nuances. Muna da ƙungiyoyi masu tsattsauran ra'ayi, manajoji suna ƙusa ga ƙungiyar. Akwai cikakkun takardu, manajoji suna lura da komai a hankali. Kowace ƙungiyar da ke da manaja tana da ayyuka da yawa, kuma akwai takamaiman matakin ƙwarewa.

Idan ƙungiyoyin suna iyo (mu ma wani lokaci muna amfani da wannan), akwai hanya mai kyau da ake kira "taswirar tauraro".

Sabis na marayu: ƙarancin aikin gine-ginen sabis (micro).

Kuna da jerin ayyuka da mutane. Alamar alama tana nufin cewa mutum ƙware ne a cikin wannan sabis ɗin, littafi yana nufin cewa mutumin yana nazarin wannan sabis ɗin. Ayyukan mutum shine canza ɗan littafin don alamar alama. Kuma idan babu wani abu da aka rubuta a gaban sabis ɗin, to, matsalolin sun fara, wanda zan yi magana game da gaba.

Ta yaya ayyukan marayu ke bayyana?

Sabis na marayu: ƙarancin aikin gine-ginen sabis (micro).

Matsala ta farko, hanya ta farko don samun hidimar marayu a cikin kayayyakin aikin ku ita ce korar mutane. Shin akwai wanda ya taɓa samun kasuwanci ya cika kwanakin ƙarshe kafin a tantance ayyuka? Wani lokaci yana faruwa cewa ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun bayanai ba su da ƙarfi kuma kawai babu isasshen lokacin tattara bayanai. "Muna buƙatar mika sabis ɗin don samarwa, sannan za mu ƙara shi."

Idan ƙungiyar ta kasance ƙananan, yana faruwa cewa akwai mai haɓakawa wanda ya rubuta komai, sauran suna cikin fuka-fuki. "Na rubuta ainihin gine-gine, bari mu ƙara musanyawa." Sannan a wani lokaci manaja, alal misali, ya fita. Kuma a cikin wannan lokacin, lokacin da manajan ya tafi kuma ba a nada sabon ba, masu haɓakawa da kansu sun yanke shawarar inda sabis ɗin ke tafiya da abin da ke faruwa a can. Kuma kamar yadda muka sani (bari mu koma ƴan nunin faifai), a wasu ƙungiyoyin akwai mutane masu dusar ƙanƙara, wani lokacin kuma shugaban ƙungiyar dusar ƙanƙara. Sa'an nan ya yi murabus, kuma mun sami hidimar marayu.

Sabis na marayu: ƙarancin aikin gine-ginen sabis (micro).

A lokaci guda kuma, ayyuka daga tallafi da kasuwanci ba sa ɓacewa; sun ƙare a cikin koma baya. Idan akwai wasu kurakurai na gine-gine yayin haɓaka sabis ɗin, su ma sun ƙare a cikin bayanan baya. Sabis ɗin yana raguwa sannu a hankali.

Yadda ake gane maraya?

Wannan jeri ya bayyana yanayin da kyau. Wanene ya koyi wani abu game da kayan aikin su?

Sabis na marayu: ƙarancin aikin gine-ginen sabis (micro).

Game da rubuce-rubucen aiki-a kusa da: akwai sabis kuma, a gaba ɗaya, yana aiki, yana da littafi mai shafuka biyu akan yadda ake aiki da shi, amma babu wanda ya san yadda yake aiki a ciki.

Ko, alal misali, akwai wani nau'in gajeriyar hanyar haɗi. Misali, a halin yanzu muna da gajerun hanyoyin haɗi guda uku da ake amfani da su don dalilai daban-daban a cikin ayyuka daban-daban. Waɗannan su ne kawai sakamakon.

Sabis na marayu: ƙarancin aikin gine-ginen sabis (micro).

Yanzu zan zama kyaftin na bayyane. Me ya kamata a yi? Da farko, muna buƙatar canja wurin sabis ɗin zuwa wani manajan, wata ƙungiya. Idan jagoran ƙungiyar ku bai riga ya daina ba, to, a cikin wannan ƙungiyar, lokacin da kuka fahimci cewa sabis ɗin kamar maraya ne, kuna buƙatar haɗawa da wanda ya fahimci akalla wani abu game da shi.

Babban abu: dole ne a rubuta hanyoyin canja wuri a cikin jini. A cikin yanayinmu, yawanci ina lura da wannan, saboda ina buƙatar duka don yin aiki. Manajoji suna buƙatar isar da shi cikin sauri, kuma abin da zai faru da shi daga baya ba shi da mahimmanci a gare su.

Sabis na marayu: ƙarancin aikin gine-ginen sabis (micro).

Hanya ta gaba don yin maraya ita ce "Za mu yi shi daga waje, zai yi sauri, sa'an nan kuma za mu mika shi ga tawagar." A bayyane yake cewa kowa yana da wasu tsare-tsare a cikin ƙungiyar, juyi. Sau da yawa abokin ciniki na kasuwanci yana tunanin cewa mai fitar da kayan aiki zai yi daidai da sashin fasaha wanda kamfanin ke da shi. Ko da yake masu motsa su sun bambanta. Akwai baƙon hanyoyin fasahar fasaha da baƙon mafita na algorithmic a cikin fitar da kayayyaki.

Sabis na marayu: ƙarancin aikin gine-ginen sabis (micro).

Misali, muna da sabis wanda ke da Sphinx a wurare daban-daban da ba a zata ba. Zan gaya muku daga baya abin da zan yi.

Masu fitar da waje suna da tsarin da suka rubuta kansu. Wannan ba komai bane kawai PHP tare da kwafin-manna daga aikin da ya gabata, inda zaku iya samun kowane nau'in abubuwa. Rubutun ƙaddamarwa babban koma baya ne lokacin da kake buƙatar amfani da wasu hadaddun rubutun Bash don canza layi da yawa a cikin wasu fayil, kuma waɗannan rubutun turawa ana kiran su ta wasu rubutun na uku. A sakamakon haka, kuna canza tsarin turawa, zaɓi wani abu dabam, hop, amma sabis ɗinku baya aiki. Domin a can ya zama dole a sanya ƙarin hanyoyin haɗi 8 tsakanin manyan fayiloli daban-daban. Ko kuma ya faru cewa rikodin dubu yana aiki, amma dubu ɗari ba sa aiki.

Zan ci gaba da zama kyaftin. Karɓar sabis na waje hanya ce ta tilas. Shin akwai wanda ya taɓa samun sabis na waje ya zo kuma ba a karɓa a ko'ina ba? Wannan ba sananne ba ne, ba shakka, azaman hidimar marayu, amma har yanzu.

Sabis na marayu: ƙarancin aikin gine-ginen sabis (micro).

Ana buƙatar duba sabis ɗin, ana buƙatar sake duba sabis ɗin, ana buƙatar canza kalmomin shiga. Muna da akwati lokacin da suka ba mu sabis, akwai admin panel "idan login == 'admin' & & kalmar sirri == 'admin'...", an rubuta shi daidai a cikin lambar. Muna zaune muna tunani, kuma mutane sun rubuta wannan a cikin 2018?

Gwaji iyawar ajiya shima abu ne da ya zama dole. Kuna buƙatar duba abin da zai faru a kan rikodin dubu ɗari, tun kafin ku sanya wannan sabis ɗin cikin samarwa a wani wuri.

Sabis na marayu: ƙarancin aikin gine-ginen sabis (micro).

Babu kunya a aika da sabis don ingantawa. Lokacin da kuka ce: "Ba za mu karɓi wannan sabis ɗin ba, muna da ayyuka 20, yi su, sannan za mu karɓa," wannan al'ada ce. Kada lamirinku ya ji rauni da gaskiyar cewa kuna kafa manaja ko kuma kasuwancin yana lalatar kuɗi. Kasuwancin zai ƙara kashewa.

Mun sami shari'ar lokacin da muka yanke shawarar fitar da aikin matukin jirgi.

Sabis na marayu: ƙarancin aikin gine-ginen sabis (micro).

An kawo shi akan lokaci, kuma wannan shine kawai ma'aunin inganci. Shi ya sa muka sake yin wani aikin matukin jirgi, wanda ba ma matukin jirgi ba ne. An karɓi waɗannan ayyukan, kuma ta hanyar gudanarwa sun ce, ga lambar ku, ga ƙungiyar, ga manajan ku. Ayyukan sun riga sun fara samun riba. Hakazalika, a gaskiya, har yanzu marayu ne, babu wanda ya fahimci yadda suke aiki, kuma manajoji suna yin iya ƙoƙarinsu don hana ayyukansu.

Sabis na marayu: ƙarancin aikin gine-ginen sabis (micro).

Akwai wani babban ra'ayi - ci gaban 'yan daba. Lokacin da wasu sassan, yawanci sashen tallace-tallace, suna son gwada hasashe kuma suna ba da umarnin fitar da duk sabis ɗin. Motoci suka fara zuba a ciki, suka rufe takardun, suka sanya hannu a kan takarda da dan kwangilar, suka shiga aiki suka ce: “Ya ku maza, muna da hidima a nan, ya riga ya yi zirga-zirga, yana kawo mana kudi, mu karba.” Mun kasance kamar, "Oppa, ta yaya hakan zai kasance."

Sabis na marayu: ƙarancin aikin gine-ginen sabis (micro).

Kuma wata hanyar samun hidimar marayu: sa’ad da wasu ƙungiyar suka ga an yi lodi ba zato ba tsammani, gudanarwa ta ce: “Bari mu canja hidimar wannan ƙungiyar zuwa wata ƙungiya, tana da ƙaramin nauyi.” Sannan za mu canza shi zuwa ƙungiya ta uku kuma mu canza manajan. Kuma a ƙarshe muna da maraya kuma.

Menene matsalar marayu?

Sabis na marayu: ƙarancin aikin gine-ginen sabis (micro).

Wanda bai sani ba, wannan shine jirgin ruwan Wasa da aka taso a Sweden, wanda ya shahara saboda ya nutse cikin mintuna 5 bayan kaddamar da shi. Kuma Sarkin Sweden, ta hanyar, bai kashe kowa ba saboda wannan. Wasu tsararraki biyu na injiniyoyi ne suka gina shi, wadanda ba su san yadda ake kera irin wadannan jiragen ba. Tasirin halitta.

Jirgin zai iya nutsewa, a hanya, mafi muni, misali, lokacin da sarki ya riga ya hau shi a wani wuri a cikin hadari. Sabili da haka, ya nutse nan da nan, a cewar Agile yana da kyau a kasa da wuri.

Idan muka kasa da wuri, yawanci babu matsala. Misali, a lokacin karba an aika don bita. Amma idan muka kasa riga a samarwa, lokacin da aka saka kudi, to ana iya samun matsaloli. Sakamakon, kamar yadda ake kira su a cikin kasuwanci.

Me yasa hidimar marayu ke da haɗari:

  • Sabis ɗin na iya karye ba zato ba tsammani.
  • Sabis ɗin yana ɗaukar lokaci mai tsawo don gyarawa ko ba a gyara shi kwata-kwata.
  • Matsalolin tsaro.
  • Matsaloli tare da haɓakawa da sabuntawa.
  • Idan wani muhimmin sabis ɗin ya lalace, sunan kamfanin yana shan wahala.

Me za a yi da hidimar marayu?

Sabis na marayu: ƙarancin aikin gine-ginen sabis (micro).

Zan sake maimaita abin da zan yi kuma. Na farko, dole ne a sami takardu. Shekaru 7 a Banki.ru ya koya mani cewa kada masu gwadawa su ɗauki kalmar masu haɓakawa, kuma kada a dauki kalmar kowa da kowa. Muna bukatar mu duba.

Sabis na marayu: ƙarancin aikin gine-ginen sabis (micro).

Abu na biyu, wajibi ne a rubuta zane-zane na hulɗa, saboda yana faruwa cewa ayyukan da ba a karɓa sosai sun ƙunshi abubuwan dogara waɗanda ba wanda ya ce game da su. Misali, masu haɓakawa sun shigar da sabis ɗin akan maɓallin su zuwa wasu Yandex.Maps ko Dadata. Kun gama iyakar kyauta, komai ya karye, kuma ba ku san abin da ya faru ba kwata-kwata. Dole ne a bayyana duk irin waɗannan rake: sabis ɗin yana amfani da Dadata, SMS, wani abu dabam.

Sabis na marayu: ƙarancin aikin gine-ginen sabis (micro).

Na uku, yin aiki tare da bashi na fasaha. Lokacin da kuka yi wani nau'i na ƙugiya ko karɓar sabis kuma ku ce wani abu yana buƙatar yin, kuna buƙatar tabbatar da cewa an yi. Domin a lokacin yana iya zama cewa ƙananan ramin ba ƙananan ba ne, kuma za ku fada cikinsa.

Tare da ayyukan gine-gine, muna da labari game da Sphinx. Ɗayan sabis ɗin yayi amfani da Sphinx don shigar da lissafin. Jeri ne kawai, amma an sake duba shi kowane dare. An haɗa shi daga fihirisa guda biyu: babba ɗaya ana lissafta kowane dare, akwai kuma ƙaramar fihirisa da aka liƙa masa. Kowace rana, tare da yiwuwar 50% na ko dai bam ko a'a, index ya fadi yayin lissafin, kuma labaranmu sun daina sabuntawa a babban shafi. Da farko ya ɗauki mintuna 5 kafin a sake yin lissafin, sannan index ɗin ya girma, kuma a wani lokaci ya fara ɗaukar mintuna 40 don sake fasalin. Lokacin da muka yanke wannan, sai muka yi numfashi mai sauƙi, domin a fili yake cewa ɗan lokaci kaɗan zai wuce kuma za a sake yin lissafin mu a cikakken lokaci. Wannan zai zama gazawa ga tashar tasharmu, babu labari na awanni takwas - shi ke nan, kasuwanci ya tsaya.

Shirin yin aiki tare da hidimar marayu

Sabis na marayu: ƙarancin aikin gine-ginen sabis (micro).

A gaskiya, wannan yana da matukar wahala a yi, domin devops game da sadarwa ne. Kuna so ku kasance mai kyau tare da abokan aikinku, kuma lokacin da kuka buga abokan aikinku da manajoji a kan kai tare da ƙa'idodi, suna iya samun saɓani game da mutanen da suke yin wannan.

Baya ga duk waɗannan batutuwa, akwai wani muhimmin abu: takamaiman mutane dole ne su kasance da alhakin kowane takamaiman sabis, ga kowane takamaiman sashe na hanyar turawa. Lokacin da babu mutane kuma dole ne ka jawo hankalin wasu mutane don nazarin wannan duka, yana da wuya.

Sabis na marayu: ƙarancin aikin gine-ginen sabis (micro).

Idan duk wannan bai taimaka ba, kuma hidimar marayu har yanzu maraya ne, babu wanda yake so ya ɗauka, ba a rubuta takaddun ba, ƙungiyar da aka kira cikin wannan sabis ɗin ta ƙi yin wani abu, akwai hanya mai sauƙi - don sake gyarawa. komai .

Wato, kuna ɗaukar buƙatun sabis ɗin kuma ku rubuta sabon sabis, mafi kyau, akan ingantaccen dandamali, ba tare da baƙon hanyoyin fasaha ba. Kuma kuna yin hijira zuwa gare ta a cikin yãƙi.

Sabis na marayu: ƙarancin aikin gine-ginen sabis (micro).

Muna da wani yanayi lokacin da muka ɗauki sabis akan Yii 1 kuma muka gane cewa ba za mu iya haɓaka shi ba, saboda mun ƙare da masu haɓakawa waɗanda za su iya rubuta da kyau akan Yii 1. Duk masu haɓakawa suna rubutu da kyau akan Symfony XNUMX. Me za a yi? Mun keɓe lokaci, mun ware ƙungiya, mun ware manaja, mun sake rubuta aikin kuma mun canza zirga-zirga zuwa gare shi cikin tsari.

Bayan wannan, ana iya share tsohuwar sabis ɗin. Wannan ita ce hanya da na fi so, lokacin da kuke buƙatar ɗauka da tsaftace wasu sabis daga tsarin gudanarwa na daidaitawa sannan ku shiga ku ga cewa duk motocin da ke samarwa an kashe su, ta yadda masu haɓaka ba su da wata alama. Ma'ajiyar ta kasance a Git.

Wannan shi ne abin da nake so in yi magana a kai, a shirye nake in tattauna, batun holivar ne, da yawa sun yi iyo a ciki.

Zane-zanen sun ce kun haɗa harsuna. Misali shine girman hotuna. Shin da gaske ya zama dole a iyakance shi ga harshe ɗaya? Saboda girman hoto a cikin PHP, da kyau, ana iya yin shi a cikin Golang.

A zahiri, zaɓi ne, kamar duk ayyuka. Wataƙila, a wasu lokuta, har ma ba a so. Amma ya kamata ku fahimci cewa idan kuna da sashen fasaha a cikin kamfani na mutum 50, 45 daga cikinsu ƙwararrun PHP ne, wasu 3 kuma ƙwararru ne waɗanda suka san Python, Ansible, Puppet da makamantansu, kuma ɗaya kawai daga cikinsu ya rubuta a cikin wasu. irin harshe, wasu Go image resing service, sa'an nan idan ya tafi, da gwaninta yana tare da shi. Kuma a lokaci guda, kuna buƙatar nemo takamaiman mai haɓaka kasuwa wanda ya san wannan harshe, musamman idan yana da wuya. Wato, ta fuskar kungiya, wannan yana da matsala. Daga ra'ayi na deps, ba kawai za ku buƙaci haɗa wasu shirye-shiryen littattafan wasan kwaikwayo waɗanda kuke amfani da su don tura sabis ba, amma dole ne ku sake rubuta su gabaɗaya.

A halin yanzu muna gina sabis akan Node.js, kuma wannan zai zama kawai dandamali kusa da kowane mai haɓakawa tare da yare daban. Amma mun zauna muka yi tunanin cewa wasan ya cancanci kyandir. Wato wannan tambaya ce a gare ku ku zauna kuyi tunani akai.

Ta yaya kuke saka idanu ayyukanku? Ta yaya kuke tattarawa da saka idanu?

Muna tattara katako a cikin Elasticsearch kuma mu sanya su a Kibana, kuma dangane da ko yanayin samarwa ne ko wuraren gwaji, ana amfani da masu tara daban-daban a wurin. Wani wuri Lumberjack, wani wuri kuma wani abu dabam, ban tuna ba. Kuma har yanzu akwai wasu wurare a cikin wasu ayyuka inda muke shigar da Telegraf kuma muna harbi wani wuri daban.

Yadda za a zauna tare da tsana da Mai yiwuwa a cikin yanayi guda?

A haƙiƙa, yanzu muna da mahalli guda biyu, ɗayan tsana ne, ɗayan kuma mai yiwuwa ne. Muna aiki don haɗa su. Mai yiwuwa shine kyakkyawan tsari don saitin farko, Puppet mummunan tsari ne don saitin farko saboda yana buƙatar aikin hannu kai tsaye a kan dandamali, kuma Puppet yana tabbatar da haɗin kai. Wannan yana nufin cewa dandamali yana kula da kansa a cikin yanayin zamani, kuma don ci gaba da adana na'ura ta zamani, kuna buƙatar kunna littattafan wasan kwaikwayo akansa koyaushe tare da wasu mitoci. Banbancin kenan.

Ta yaya kuke kula da dacewa? Kuna da saiti a duka Mai yiwuwa da tsana?

Wannan shine babban ciwon mu, muna kula da daidaituwa tare da hannayenmu kuma muna tunanin yadda za mu ci gaba daga duk wannan wani wuri a yanzu. Ya zama cewa Puppet yana fitar da fakiti kuma yana kula da wasu hanyoyin haɗin gwiwa a wurin, kuma Mai yiwuwa, alal misali, yana fitar da lambar kuma yana daidaita sabbin saitunan aikace-aikacen a wurin.

Gabatarwar ta kasance game da nau'ikan Ruby daban-daban. Wace mafita?

Mun ci karo da wannan a wuri guda, kuma dole ne mu kiyaye shi a cikin kawunanmu koyaushe. Mun kashe kawai ɓangaren da ke gudana akan Ruby wanda bai dace da aikace-aikacen ba kuma mun ware shi daban.

Taron na bana DevOpsDays Moscow za a yi a ranar 7 ga Disamba a Technopolis. Muna karɓar aikace-aikacen rahotanni har zuwa 11 ga Nuwamba. Rubuta mu idan kuna son yin magana.

Rajista ga mahalarta a buɗe take, shiga mu!

source: www.habr.com

Add a comment