Sannu! Ko da yake masu aiko da sakonnin gaggawa da cibiyoyin sadarwar jama'a suna maye gurbin hanyoyin sadarwar gargajiya a kowace rana, wannan ba ya kawar da shaharar SMS. Tabbatarwa a kan sanannen rukunin yanar gizo, ko sanarwar ma'amala ta maimaita suna rayuwa kuma za su rayu. Shin kun yi tunanin yadda duk yake aiki? Sau da yawa, ana amfani da ka'idar SMPP don aika saƙonni masu yawa, wanda za'a tattauna a ƙarƙashin yanke.
Habré ya riga ya sami labarai game da smpp, ,, amma manufarsu ba ita ce kwatanta ƙa'idar da kanta ba. Tabbas, zaku iya farawa nan da nan daga tushen - , amma ina ganin zai yi kyau idan akwai taƙaitaccen abin da ke ciki. Zan yi bayani ta amfani da v3.4 a matsayin misali.Na yi farin ciki da sukar ku.
Ka'idar SMPP ƙa'idar saƙo ce ta tsara-zuwa-tsara. Wannan yana nufin kowane sabar takwaro/sabar tazara daidai take. A cikin mafi sauƙi, tsarin saƙon SMS yayi kama da haka:
Duk da haka, idan ma'aikacin ƙasa ba shi da wata hanya, ya tambayi mai shiga tsakani don wannan zuwa wani yanki mai nisa - cibiyar SMS. Wani lokaci, don aika SMS ɗaya, kuna buƙatar gina sarkar tsakanin ƙasashe da yawa, ko ma nahiyoyi.
Game da yarjejeniya
SMPP ƙa'idar Layer ce ta aikace-aikacen da ta dogara akan musayar PDUs kuma ana watsa shi ta kan TCP / IP, ko zaman X25 don aika sms da saƙon ussd. Yawancin lokaci, ana amfani da SMPP a yanayin haɗin kai mai tsayi, wanda ke adana lokaci. SMPP tana amfani da samfurin sadarwar abokin ciniki-uwar garken.
Yanayin sadarwa
Ana iya aiwatar da musayar saƙo tsakanin mai aikawa da cibiyar SMS ta hanyar SMPP ta hanyoyi masu zuwa:
Transmitter (Mai watsawa) - watsa saƙo a hanya ɗaya, bi da bi
Mai karɓa (mai karɓa) - kawai karɓar saƙo daga cibiyar SMS.
Mai karɓa (mai karɓa) - Musayar saƙo tsakanin cibiyar SMS da mai amfani
tsarin
Tsawon saƙo
Saƙon SMS ɗaya zai iya ƙunsar haruffa 70 yayin bugawa a cikin Cyrillic kuma bai wuce haruffan Latin 157 + 3 UDH Idan ka aika SMS tare da adadi mai yawa ba, za a raba shi zuwa sassa da yawa kuma a haɗa shi cikin na'urar karɓa. A cikin yanayin rarraba, adadin haruffa yana raguwa ta hanyar rubutun saƙo, wanda ke nuna ɓangaren saƙon. Don haka, lokacin aika babban saƙon SMS, yana ƙunshe da iyakar haruffan Latin 153 ko haruffa 67 waɗanda ba na yau da kullun ba.
Tsarin Coding Data
Koyaya, ana buƙatar ruɓar haruffa don isar da saƙo. A cikin ka'idar SMPP, filin na musamman ne ke da alhakin sanyawa - Tsarin Coding Data, ko DCS. Wannan fili ne da ke fayyace yadda ya kamata a gane saƙonni. Bugu da kari, filin DCS ya hada da:
- saitin halayen da ke bayyana ɓoyewa;
- aji sakon;
- nema don sharewa ta atomatik bayan karantawa;
- nuni na matsawar saƙo;
- harshen watsa shirye-shirye;
Daidaitaccen haruffa 7-bit (GSM 03.38). An haɓaka shi don tsarin saƙon a cikin GSM. Wannan rufaffiyar ta dace da Ingilishi da harsunan Latin da yawa. Kowane hali ya ƙunshi rago 7 kuma an lulluɓe shi cikin octet.
UTF-16 (a cikin GSM UCS2) Don haɗa haruffan da suka ɓace a cikin haruffa 7-bit, an ƙirƙiri rufaffiyar UTF-16, wanda ke ƙara ƙarin haruffa (ciki har da waɗanda Cyrillic) ta hanyar rage girman saƙon daga 160 zuwa 70, irin wannan nau'in ɓoyewa. kusan gaba daya yana maimaita Unicode .
8-bit bayanan mai amfani. Waɗannan sun haɗa da KOI8-R da Windows-1251. Kodayake wannan bayani yana da alama ya fi tattalin arziki idan aka kwatanta da UTF-16 guda ɗaya. Akwai madaidaicin tambaya game da dacewa akan na'urori daban-daban. Tunda a wannan yanayin dole ne a saita na'urorin biyu a gaba.
Ajin saƙo
- Class0, ko walƙiya, saƙon da aka adana a ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar wayar bisa buƙatar mai amfani;
- Class1, ko waɗanda aka adana a ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar wayar;
- Class1, ko waɗanda aka adana a ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar wayar;
- Class2, dole ne ya tabbatar da cewa an adana saƙon a cikin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar wayar hannu, in ba haka ba dole ne ya ba da sanarwa ga cibiyar SMS game da rashin yiwuwar adanawa;
- Class3 - a wannan yanayin, wayar yakamata ta aika da sanarwa cewa za'a iya adana saƙon, ba tare da la'akari da adadin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar na'urar ba. Wannan nau’in sakon yana nuna cewa sakon ya kai inda aka nufa;
Nau'in saƙo
Saƙon shiru (SMS0) nau'in saƙon SMS ba tare da abun ciki ba. Irin wannan SMS yana zuwa ba tare da sanarwa ba kuma ba a nuna shi akan allon na'urar.
PDUs
Kowane aikin pdu an haɗa su kuma ya ƙunshi buƙatu da amsa. Misali: umarnin da ya ce an kafa haɗin gwiwa (bind_transmitter / bind_transmitter_resp), ko kuma an aika saƙo (deliver_sm / deliver_sm_resp)
Kowane fakitin pdu ya ƙunshi sassa biyu - kai (header) da jiki (jiki). Tsarin kai daidai yake da kowane fakitin pdu: Tsawon umarni shine tsawon fakitin, id shine sunan fakitin, kuma umarnin matsayi yana nuna ko an aiko da sakon cikin nasara ko kuma ya gaza.
Ƙarin sigogin TLV
TLV (Tag Length Value), ko ƙarin filayen. Ana amfani da irin waɗannan sigogi don tsawaita ayyukan yarjejeniya kuma suna na zaɓi. An ƙayyade wannan filin a ƙarshen filin pdu. A matsayin misali, ta amfani da dest_addr_np_information TLV, za ka iya tsara canja wurin bayanai game da porting na lamba.
Ton da Npi
TON (Nau'in Lamba) siga yana sanar da SMSC game da tsarin adireshin da nau'in cibiyar sadarwa.
NPI (Lambobin Ƙididdigar Tsare-tsare) mai nuna tsarin ƙidayar.
Adireshin tushen saƙo, ko sunan alpha
Saƙonnin da aka aika zuwa wayar suna zuwa iri biyu ne: lambobi da haruffa. Lambobi na iya zama dogayen (kamar lambar waya) ko gajere. Wani lokaci masu aiki suna da hani kan aikawa daga sunaye masu tsaka tsaki, kamar Infosms, Faɗakarwa da sauransu. Wasu lokuta masu aiki ba sa ƙyale zirga-zirga idan sunan ba a yi rajista ba a cikin hanyar sadarwar su. Koyaya, wannan shine ƙarin fasalin mai aiki.
Matakan ƙaddamarwa
SMS-SUBMIT yana aika saƙon MO FSM (gajeren saƙo daga tashar wayar hannu)
SMS-SAKA LABARI - tabbatar da cewa SMSC ne ya aiko da sakon
SRI SM (SendRoutingInfo) - SMSC tana karɓar bayani daga HLR game da wurin MSC/VLR na mai biyan kuɗi
SRI SM RESP - amsa daga HLR game da nama matsayi na masu biyan kuɗi
MT-FSM - bayan samun wurin, ana aika sako ta amfani da aikin "Forward Short Message".
MT-FSM-ACK - amsa daga SMSC cewa an aika saƙon
LABARI CIKIN MATSALAR SMS - SMSC yana aika matsayin isar da saƙo.
Matsayin isar da saƙo
LABARI CIKIN MATSALAR SMS na iya ɗaukar dabi'u da yawa:
ISAR isar da sako cikin nasara
ƙin yarda - cibiyar SMS ta ƙi saƙon
WANNU - An cire saƙon daga layin aika bayan ƙarshen TTL (rayuwar saƙo)
BA DELIV - sauran lokuta na rashin bayarwa
BA A SAN BA- Babu amsa da aka samu.
Kuskuren watsawa
Wani lokaci dalilan da ba a isar da saƙon SMS ga mai biyan kuɗi ba. Sakamakon wadannan dalilai shine faruwar kurakurai. Ana dawo da kurakurai a cikin PDUs_sms_resp. Ana iya raba duk kurakurai zuwa na wucin gadi (Na wucin gadi) da na dindindin (Dinde).
Misali, absent_subscriber na wucin gadi ne, babu mai biyan kuɗi ko babu kan layi, kuma dindindin - mai biyan kuɗi ba ya wanzu. Dangane da kurakuran da ke faruwa, ana ƙirƙiri manufar sake aika waɗannan saƙonnin.
Misali, idan mai biyan kuɗi ya shagaltu da magana kuma ya karɓi wayar hannu ta MT kuskure ce mai aiki, za a iya jin saƙon bayan ƴan mintuna kaɗan, duk da haka, idan mai biyan kuɗi ya toshe sabis ɗin karɓar saƙon, sake aikawa ba zai yi ma'ana ba. Kuna iya samun jerin kurakurai akan shafukan SMSC, misali, kamar .
source: www.habr.com