Wannan labarin ci gaba ne na wanda ya gabata - “".
Zai rufe tsarin shigarwa na asali da daidaitawar gungun oVirt 4.3 don ɗaukar nauyin injunan kama-da-wane, la'akari da cewa duk matakan farko na shirya kayan aikin an riga an kammala su a baya.
Gabatarwa
Babban manufar labarin shine don samar da umarni mataki-mataki kamar "Next -> A -> Gama"yadda ake nuna wasu siffofi yayin shigarwa da daidaita shi. Tsarin tura gungu na iya ba koyaushe ya zo daidai da wanda aka bayyana a cikinsa ba, saboda halayen kayan more rayuwa da muhalli, amma ƙa'idodin gama gari zasu kasance iri ɗaya.
Daga mahangar ra'ayi, Ayyukansa yayi kama da VMware vSphere sigar 5.x, amma ba shakka tare da tsarin sa da fasalin aiki.
Ga masu sha'awar, duk bambance-bambance tsakanin RHEV (aka oVirt) da VMware vSphere ana iya samun su akan Intanet, misali. , amma har yanzu lokaci-lokaci zan lura da wasu bambance-bambancen su ko kamanceceniya da juna yayin da labarin ke ci gaba.
Na dabam, Ina so in kwatanta ɗan aikin tare da cibiyoyin sadarwa don injunan kama-da-wane. oVirt yana aiwatar da irin wannan ka'ida ta sarrafa hanyar sadarwa don injunan kama-da-wane (wanda ake kira VMs), kamar yadda yake cikin VMware vSphere:
- ta amfani da daidaitaccen gadar Linux (a cikin VMware - Standard vSwitch), Gudun kan runduna masu fa'ida;
- ta amfani da Buɗe vSwitch (OVS) (a cikin VMware - An rarraba vSwitch) shine sauyawar kama-da-wane da aka rarraba wanda ya ƙunshi manyan abubuwa guda biyu: uwar garken OVN ta tsakiya da masu kula da OVN akan rundunonin da ake gudanarwa.
Ya kamata a lura cewa saboda sauƙin aiwatarwa, labarin zai bayyana kafa hanyoyin sadarwa a cikin oVirt don VM ta amfani da daidaitattun gadar Linux, wanda shine daidaitaccen zaɓi lokacin amfani da hypervisor KVM.
A wannan batun, akwai wasu ka'idoji masu mahimmanci don aiki tare da hanyar sadarwa a cikin gungu, waɗanda ba za a keta su ba:
- Duk saitunan cibiyar sadarwa akan runduna kafin ƙara su zuwa oVirt dole ne su kasance iri ɗaya, ban da adiresoshin IP.
- Da zarar an karɓi rundunar a ƙarƙashin ikon oVirt, ba a ba da shawarar sosai don canza wani abu da hannu a cikin saitunan cibiyar sadarwar ba tare da cikakken kwarin gwiwa akan ayyukanku ba, tunda wakilin oVirt kawai zai juya su zuwa waɗanda suka gabata bayan sake kunna mai watsa shiri ko kuma. wakili.
- Ƙara sabon hanyar sadarwa don VM, da kuma aiki tare da shi, ya kamata a yi kawai daga na'ura mai sarrafa oVirt.
Wani muhimmin bayanin kula - don yanayi mai mahimmanci (mai matukar damuwa ga asarar kuɗi), har yanzu za a ba da shawarar yin amfani da tallafin da aka biya da amfani. . A lokacin aiki na oVirt cluster, wasu batutuwa na iya tasowa wanda yana da kyau a sami ƙwararrun taimako da wuri-wuri, maimakon magance su da kanku.
A ƙarshe, shawarar Kafin tura gungu na oVirt, sanin kanku da su , Domin sanin aƙalla mahimman ra'ayoyi da ma'anoni, in ba haka ba zai zama ɗan wahala don karanta sauran labarin.
Asalin fahimtar labarin da ka'idodin aiki na gungu na oVirt sune waɗannan takaddun jagora:
Girman babu girma sosai, a cikin sa'a ɗaya ko biyu zaku iya ƙware ƙa'idodin asali, amma ga waɗanda suke son cikakkun bayanai, ana ba da shawarar karantawa. - RHEV da oVirt ainihin abu ɗaya ne.
Don haka, idan duk saitunan asali akan runduna, masu sauyawa da tsarin ajiya sun cika, za mu ci gaba kai tsaye zuwa tura oVirt.
Sashe na 2. Shigarwa da daidaitawa gungun oVirt 4.3
Don samun sauƙin daidaitawa, zan jera manyan sassan wannan labarin, waɗanda dole ne a cika su ɗaya bayan ɗaya:
- Shigar da uwar garken sarrafa oVirt
- Ƙirƙirar sabuwar cibiyar bayanai
- Ƙirƙirar sabon tari
- Shigar da ƙarin runduna a cikin yanayi mai ɗaukar nauyin kai
- Ƙirƙirar wurin ajiya ko Domain Adanawa
- Ƙirƙirar da daidaita hanyoyin sadarwa don injunan kama-da-wane
- Ƙirƙirar hoton shigarwa don tura injin kama-da-wane
- Ƙirƙiri injin kama-da-wane
Shigar da uwar garken sarrafa oVirt
uwar garken sarrafa oVirt shine mafi mahimmancin kashi a cikin kayan aikin oVirt, a cikin nau'in injin kama-da-wane, mai masaukin baki, ko na'urar kama-da-wane wanda ke kula da dukkan ababen more rayuwa na oVirt.
Abubuwan da ke kusa da shi daga duniyar kama-da-wane sune:
- VMware vSphere - uwar garken vCenter
- Microsoft Hyper-V - Manajan Injin Kaya na Tsari (VMM).
Don shigar da uwar garken sarrafa oVirt, muna da zaɓuɓɓuka biyu:
Zabin 1
Ƙaddamar da uwar garken a cikin nau'i na VM na musamman ko mai watsa shiri.
Wannan zaɓin yana aiki sosai, amma muddin irin wannan VM yana aiki ba tare da gungu ba, watau. baya gudana akan kowane gungu mai masaukin baki azaman injin kama-da-wane na yau da kullun da ke gudana KVM.
Me yasa ba za a iya tura irin wannan VM akan runduna tari ba?
A farkon aiwatar da tura uwar garken sarrafa oVirt, muna da matsala - muna buƙatar shigar da VM mai gudanarwa, amma a zahiri babu wani gungu da kansa tukuna, don haka menene zamu iya tasowa akan tashi? Daidai ne - shigar da KVM akan kullin gungu na gaba, sannan ƙirƙirar injin kama-da-wane akansa, misali, tare da CentOS OS kuma tura injin oVirt a ciki. Ana iya yin wannan yawanci saboda dalilai na cikakken iko akan irin wannan VM, amma wannan kuskure ne, saboda a wannan yanayin, a nan gaba 100% za a sami matsaloli tare da irin wannan VM mai sarrafawa:
- ba za a iya yin ƙaura a cikin na'urar wasan bidiyo na oVirt tsakanin runduna (nodes) na tari;
- lokacin ƙaura ta amfani da KVM ta hanyar virsh hijira, wannan VM ba zai kasance don gudanarwa daga na'urar wasan bidiyo na oVirt ba.
- Ba za a iya nuna rundunonin tari a ciki ba Yanayin kulawa (Yanayin kulawa), idan kun ƙaura wannan VM daga mai masaukin baki zuwa mai masaukin baki ta amfani da virsh hijira.
Don haka yi duk abin da ke daidai da ƙa'idodi - yi amfani da ko dai mai watsa shiri don uwar garken sarrafa oVirt, ko VM mai zaman kanta da ke gudana akansa, ko mafi kyau tukuna, yi kamar yadda aka rubuta a zaɓi na biyu.
Zabin 2
Shigar da Kayan Injin OVirt akan gungun runduna da ke sarrafa shi.
Wannan zabin ne za a yi la'akari da shi a matsayin mafi daidai kuma ya dace a cikin yanayinmu.
Abubuwan da ake buƙata don irin wannan VM an bayyana su a ƙasa; Zan ƙara kawai cewa ana ba da shawarar samun aƙalla runduna biyu a cikin abubuwan more rayuwa waɗanda za a iya tafiyar da VM mai sarrafa su don yin haƙuri da kuskure. Anan zan so in ƙara cewa, kamar yadda na riga na rubuta a cikin sharhi a cikin labarin da ya gabata, ban taɓa samun damar samu ba tsaga kwakwalwa akan gungu na oVirt na runduna biyu, tare da ikon gudanar da VM-inji mai masaukin baki akan su.
Shigar da Injin OVirt akan rukunin farko na rukunin
Hanyar haɗi zuwa takaddun hukuma - , babi"»
Takardar ta fayyace abubuwan da ake bukata kafin a tura injin VM mai masaukin baki, sannan kuma ya bayyana dalla-dalla yadda tsarin shigar da kansa yake, don haka babu wata ma'ana a maimaita shi da baki, don haka za mu mai da hankali kan wasu muhimman bayanai.
- Kafin fara duk ayyuka, tabbatar da kunna goyan bayan haɓakawa a cikin saitunan BIOS akan mai watsa shiri.
- Shigar da kunshin don mai shigar da injin-injin akan mai masaukin:
yum -y install http://resources.ovirt.org/pub/yum-repo/ovirt-release43.rpm
yum -y install epel-release
yum install screen ovirt-hosted-engine-setup- Mun fara aiwatar da tura Injin Hosted oVirt akan mai watsa shiri a allon (zaku iya fita ta hanyar Ctrl-A + D, kusa ta hanyar Ctrl-D):
screen
hosted-engine --deployIdan ana so, zaku iya gudanar da shigarwa tare da fayil ɗin amsa da aka riga aka shirya:
hosted-engine --deploy --config-append=/var/lib/ovirt-hosted-engine-setup/answers/answers-ohe.conf- Lokacin tura injuna mai masaukin baki, muna ƙididdige duk ma'auni masu mahimmanci:
- имя кластера
- количество vCPU и vRAM (рекомендуется 4 vCPU и 16 Гб)
- пароли
- тип хранилища для hosted engine ВМ – в нашем случае FC
- номер LUN для установки hosted engine
- где будет находиться база данных для hosted engine – рекомендую для простоты выбрать Local (это БД PostgreSQL работающая внутри этой ВМ)
и др. параметры. - Don shigar da VM mai matukar samuwa tare da injin da aka shirya, a baya mun ƙirƙiri LUN na musamman akan tsarin ajiya, lamba 4 da 150 GB mai girman, wanda sannan aka gabatar da shi ga rundunonin tari - duba. .
A baya mun kuma duba ganuwansa akan runduna:
multipath -ll
…
3600a098000e4b4b3000003c95d171065 dm-3 DELL , MD38xxf
size=150G features='3 queue_if_no_path pg_init_retries 50' hwhandler='1 rdac' wp=rw
|-+- policy='service-time 0' prio=14 status=active
| `- 15:0:0:4 sdc 8:32 active ready running
`-+- policy='service-time 0' prio=9 status=enabled
`- 18:0:0:4 sdj 8:144 active ready running- Tsarin tura injin da aka shirya ba shi da wahala; a ƙarshe yakamata mu sami wani abu kamar haka:
[ INFO ] Generating answer file '/var/lib/ovirt-hosted-engine-setup/answers/answers-20191129131846.conf'
[ INFO ] Generating answer file '/etc/ovirt-hosted-engine/answers.conf'
[ INFO ] Stage: Pre-termination
[ INFO ] Stage: Termination
[ INFO ] Hosted Engine successfully deployedMuna duba kasancewar sabis na oVirt akan mai masaukin baki:
Idan an yi komai daidai, to bayan an gama shigarwa, yi amfani da burauzar yanar gizo don zuwa daga kwamfutar mai gudanarwa, sannan danna [Gidan Gudanarwa].
Hoton hoto na "Portal Gudanarwa"
Ta hanyar shigar da shiga da kalmar wucewa (saitin yayin aiwatar da shigarwa) a cikin taga kamar yadda yake a cikin hoton allo, muna zuwa Buɗe Mai sarrafa Manajan Gudanarwa, wanda zaku iya aiwatar da duk ayyuka tare da kayan aikin kama-da-wane:
- ƙara cibiyar bayanai
- ƙara kuma saita gungu
- ƙara da sarrafa runduna
- ƙara wuraren ajiya ko Wuraren Ma'ajiya don fayafai na inji
- ƙara da saita cibiyoyin sadarwa don injunan kama-da-wane
- ƙara da sarrafa injunan kama-da-wane, hotunan shigarwa, samfuran VM
Duk waɗannan ayyukan za a tattauna su gaba, wasu a cikin manyan sel, wasu a cikin cikakkun bayanai kuma tare da nuances.
Amma da farko zan ba da shawarar karanta wannan add-on, wanda tabbas zai zama da amfani ga mutane da yawa.
.Arin ƙari
1) A ka'ida, idan akwai irin wannan bukata, to, babu abin da zai hana ku shigar da KVM hypervisor a kan cluster nodes a gaba ta amfani da fakiti. libvirt и ku-kvm (ko qemu-kvm-ev) na nau'in da ake so, kodayake lokacin tura kullin gungu na oVirt, yana iya yin wannan da kansa.
Amma idan libvirt и ku-kvm Idan baku shigar da sabon sigar ba, kuna iya karɓar kuskuren mai zuwa lokacin tura injin da aka karɓa:
error: unsupported configuration: unknown CPU feature: md-clearWadancan. dole ne libvirt tare da kariya daga , wanda ke goyan bayan wannan manufar:
<feature policy='require' name='md-clear'/>Shigar da libvirt v.4.5.0-10.el7_6.12, tare da md-clear support:
yum-config-manager --disable mirror.centos.org_centos-7_7_virt_x86_64_libvirt-latest_
yum install centos-release-qemu-ev
yum update
yum install qemu-kvm qemu-img virt-manager libvirt libvirt-python libvirt-client virt-install virt-viewer libguestfs libguestfs-tools dejavu-lgc-sans-fonts virt-top libvirt libvirt-python libvirt-client
systemctl enable libvirtd
systemctl restart libvirtd && systemctl status libvirtdBincika tallafin 'md-clear':
virsh domcapabilities kvm | grep require
<feature policy='require' name='ss'/>
<feature policy='require' name='hypervisor'/>
<feature policy='require' name='tsc_adjust'/>
<feature policy='require' name='clflushopt'/>
<feature policy='require' name='pku'/>
<feature policy='require' name='md-clear'/>
<feature policy='require' name='stibp'/>
<feature policy='require' name='ssbd'/>
<feature policy='require' name='invtsc'/>Bayan haka, zaku iya ci gaba da girka injin da aka shirya.
2) A cikin oVirt 4.3, kasancewar da amfani da tacewar wuta firewalld wajibi ne na wajibi.
Idan yayin tura VM don injin da aka shirya muna karɓar kuskure mai zuwa:
[ ERROR ] fatal: [localhost]: FAILED! => {"changed": false, "msg": "firewalld is required to be enabled and active in order to correctly deploy hosted-engine. Please check, fix accordingly and re-deploy.n"}
[ ERROR ] Failed to execute stage 'Closing up': Failed executing ansible-playbook
[https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1608467Sannan kuna buƙatar kashe wani Tacewar zaɓi (idan an yi amfani da shi), sannan ku girka kuma kuyi aiki firewalld:
yum install firewalld
systemctl enable firewalld
systemctl start firewalld
firewall-cmd --state
firewall-cmd --get-default-zone
firewall-cmd --get-active-zones
firewall-cmd --get-zonesDaga baya, lokacin shigar da wakili na ovirt akan sabon mai masaukin baki don tarin, zai saita tashoshin da ake buƙata a ciki. firewalld ta atomatik.
3) Sake kunna mai watsa shiri tare da VM yana gudana akan shi tare da injin da aka shirya.
Kamar yadda ya saba и zuwa takardun gudanarwa.
Duk sarrafa injin VM da aka shirya ana yin su ne kawai ta amfani da umarnin injin mai masaukin baki a kan rundunar inda yake gudana, game da virke dole ne mu manta, kazalika da gaskiyar cewa zaku iya haɗawa da wannan VM ta hanyar SSH kuma ku aiwatar da umarnin "shutdown".
Tsari don sanya VM cikin yanayin kulawa:
hosted-engine --set-maintenance --mode=global
hosted-engine --vm-status
!! Cluster is in GLOBAL MAINTENANCE mode !!
--== Host host1.test.local (id: 1) status ==--
conf_on_shared_storage : True
Status up-to-date : True
Hostname : host1.test.local
Host ID : 1
Engine status : {"health": "good", "vm": "up", "detail": "Up"}
Score : 3400
stopped : False
Local maintenance : False
crc32 : dee1a774
local_conf_timestamp : 1821
Host timestamp : 1821
Extra metadata (valid at timestamp):
metadata_parse_version=1
metadata_feature_version=1
timestamp=1821 (Sat Nov 29 14:25:19 2019)
host-id=1
score=3400
vm_conf_refresh_time=1821 (Sat Nov 29 14:25:19 2019)
conf_on_shared_storage=True
maintenance=False
state=GlobalMaintenance
stopped=False
hosted-engine --vm-shutdownMun sake kunna mai watsa shiri tare da wakilin injin da aka shirya kuma muna yin abin da muke buƙata da shi.
Bayan sake kunnawa, duba matsayin VM tare da injin da aka shirya:
hosted-engine --vm-statusIdan VM ɗin mu tare da ingin da aka shirya bai fara ba kuma idan muka ga kurakurai iri ɗaya a cikin log ɗin sabis:
Kuskure a cikin log ɗin sabis:
journalctl -u ovirt-ha-agent
...
Jun 29 14:34:44 host1 journal: ovirt-ha-agent ovirt_hosted_engine_ha.agent.hosted_engine.HostedEngine ERROR Failed to start necessary monitors
Jun 29 14:34:44 host1 journal: ovirt-ha-agent ovirt_hosted_engine_ha.agent.agent.Agent ERROR Traceback (most recent call last):#012 File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/ovirt_hosted_engine_ha/agent/agent.py", line 131, in _run_agent#012 return action(he)#012 File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/ovirt_hosted_engine_ha/agent/agent.py", line 55, in action_proper#012 return he.start_monitoring()#012 File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/ovirt_hosted_engine_ha/agent/hosted_engine.py", line 413, in start_monitoring#012 self._initialize_broker()#012 File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/ovirt_hosted_engine_ha/agent/hosted_engine.py", line 537, in _initialize_broker#012 m.get('options', {}))#012 File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/ovirt_hosted_engine_ha/lib/brokerlink.py", line 86, in start_monitor#012 ).format(t=type, o=options, e=e)#012RequestError: brokerlink - failed to start monitor via ovirt-ha-broker: [Errno 2] No such file or directory, [monitor: 'ping', options: {'addr': '172.20.32.32'}]
Jun 29 14:34:44 host1 journal: ovirt-ha-agent ovirt_hosted_engine_ha.agent.agent.Agent ERROR Trying to restart agentSa'an nan kuma mu haɗa ma'ajiyar kuma mu sake kunna wakili:
hosted-engine --connect-storage
systemctl restart ovirt-ha-agent
systemctl status ovirt-ha-agent
hosted-engine --vm-start
hosted-engine --vm-statusBayan fara VM tare da injin-injin, mun cire shi daga yanayin kulawa:
Tsarin cire VM daga yanayin kulawa:
hosted-engine --check-liveliness
hosted-engine --set-maintenance --mode=none
hosted-engine --vm-status
--== Host host1.test.local (id: 1) status ==--
conf_on_shared_storage : True
Status up-to-date : True
Hostname : host1.test.local
Host ID : 1
Engine status : {"health": "good", "vm": "up", "detail": "Up"}
Score : 3400
stopped : False
Local maintenance : False
crc32 : 6d1eb25f
local_conf_timestamp : 6222296
Host timestamp : 6222296
Extra metadata (valid at timestamp):
metadata_parse_version=1
metadata_feature_version=1
timestamp=6222296 (Fri Jan 17 11:40:43 2020)
host-id=1
score=3400
vm_conf_refresh_time=6222296 (Fri Jan 17 11:40:43 2020)
conf_on_shared_storage=True
maintenance=False
state=EngineUp
stopped=False4) Cire injin da aka shirya da duk abin da ke tattare da shi.
Wani lokaci yana da mahimmanci don cire injin da aka shigar da shi a baya - zuwa takardar jagora.
Kawai gudanar da umarni akan mai watsa shiri:
/usr/sbin/ovirt-hosted-engine-cleanupNa gaba, muna cire fakitin da ba dole ba, muna tallafawa wasu saiti kafin wannan, idan ya cancanta:
yum autoremove ovirt* qemu* virt* libvirt* libguestfs Ƙirƙirar sabuwar cibiyar bayanai
Takardun Magana - Jagorar Gudanarwar oVirt.
Da farko bari mu ayyana mene ne cibiyar bayanai (Na ambata daga taimako) wani abu ne mai ma'ana wanda ke bayyana saitin albarkatun da ake amfani da su a cikin takamaiman yanayi.
Cibiyar bayanai wani nau'in kwantena ne wanda ya ƙunshi:
- albarkatu masu ma'ana a cikin nau'ikan gungu da runduna
- albarkatun cibiyar sadarwa ta gungu a cikin hanyar hanyoyin sadarwa masu ma'ana da adaftar jiki akan runduna,
- albarkatun ajiya (na fayafai na VM, samfuri, hotuna) a cikin hanyar wuraren ajiya (Domains Storage).
Cibiyar bayanai na iya haɗawa da tari da yawa da suka ƙunshi runduna da yawa tare da injunan kama-da-wane da ke gudana akan su, kuma tana iya samun wuraren ajiya da yawa masu alaƙa da ita.
Ana iya samun cibiyoyin bayanai da yawa; suna aiki ba tare da juna ba. Ovirt yana da rarrabuwar iko ta hanyar rawa, kuma kuna iya saita izini daban-daban, duka a matakin cibiyar bayanai da kuma kan abubuwan ma'ana guda ɗaya.
Cibiyar bayanai, ko cibiyoyin bayanai idan akwai da yawa daga cikinsu, ana sarrafa su daga na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa ko portal.
Don ƙirƙirar cibiyar bayanai, je zuwa tashar gudanarwa kuma ƙirƙirar sabuwar cibiyar bayanai:
Ƙidaya >> data Cibiyoyin >> New
Tunda muna amfani da ma'ajiyar ajiya akan tsarin ajiya, yakamata a Raba Nau'in Ma'aji:
Hoton Mayen Ƙirƙirar Cibiyar Bayanai
Lokacin shigar da injin kama-da-wane tare da injin da aka shirya, ana ƙirƙirar cibiyar bayanai ta tsohuwa - Datacenter1, sannan, idan ya cancanta, zaku iya canza Nau'in Ma'ajiya zuwa wani.
Ƙirƙirar cibiyar bayanai aiki ne mai sauƙi, ba tare da wani ɓarna ba, kuma duk ƙarin ayyuka tare da shi an bayyana su a cikin takaddun. Abinda kawai zan lura shine cewa runduna guda ɗaya waɗanda ke da ma'ajiyar gida kawai (disk) don VMs ba za su iya shiga cibiyar bayanai tare da Nau'in Ajiye - Shared (ba za a iya ƙara su a can ba), kuma a gare su kuna buƙatar ƙirƙirar. cibiyar bayanai daban - watau. Kowane mai masaukin baki tare da ma'ajiyar gida yana buƙatar cibiyar bayanai daban.
Ƙirƙirar sabon tari
Hanyar haɗi zuwa takaddun shaida - Jagorar Gudanarwa na oVirt.
Ba tare da cikakkun bayanai ba, gungu - wannan ƙungiya ce mai ma'ana ta runduna waɗanda ke da wurin ajiya na gama-gari (a cikin nau'ikan diski da aka raba akan tsarin ajiya, kamar a cikin yanayinmu). Har ila yau, yana da kyau cewa rundunan da ke cikin gungu su kasance iri ɗaya a cikin hardware kuma suna da nau'in processor iri ɗaya (Intel ko AMD). Zai fi kyau, ba shakka, cewa sabobin da ke cikin tarin sun kasance iri ɗaya.
Tarin wani yanki ne na cibiyar bayanai (tare da takamaiman nau'in ajiya - Na gida ko Rabawa), kuma duk runduna dole ne su kasance cikin wani nau'i na tari, dangane da ko sun raba ma'ajiyar ko a'a.
Lokacin shigar da injin kama-da-wane tare da injin da aka shirya akan runduna, ana ƙirƙirar cibiyar bayanai ta tsohuwa - Datacenter1, tare da tari - Tari1, kuma a nan gaba za ku iya saita sigoginsa, kunna ƙarin zaɓuɓɓuka, ƙara runduna zuwa gare shi, da dai sauransu.
Kamar yadda aka saba, don cikakkun bayanai game da duk saitunan gungu, yana da kyau a koma ga takaddun hukuma. Daga cikin wasu fasalulluka na kafa gungu, Zan ƙara kawai lokacin ƙirƙirar shi, ya isa ya daidaita ma'auni na asali kawai akan shafin. Janar.
Zan lura da mafi mahimmancin sigogi:
- Nau'in sarrafawa - an zaba bisa ga abin da aka sanya na'urori masu sarrafawa a kan rundunonin cluster, abin da masana'anta suka fito, kuma wane mai sarrafawa a kan runduna shine mafi tsufa, ta yadda, dangane da wannan, ana amfani da duk umarnin sarrafawa a cikin gungu.
- Nau'in canzawa - a cikin rukunin mu kawai muna amfani da gadar Linux, shi ya sa muka zaɓa ta.
- Nau'in Firewall - komai ya bayyana a nan, wannan wuta ce, wanda dole ne a kunna shi kuma a daidaita shi akan runduna.
Hoton hoto tare da sigogin tari
Shigar da ƙarin runduna a cikin yanayi mai ɗaukar nauyin kai
don takardun shaida.
Ana ƙara ƙarin runduna don mahalli mai ɗaukar nauyi kamar yadda mai masaukin baki na yau da kullun, tare da ƙarin matakin tura VM tare da injin da aka shirya - Zaɓi aikin tura injin da aka karɓa >> Amfani. Tunda ƙarin mai masaukin dole ne kuma a gabatar da shi tare da LUN don VM tare da injin da aka shirya, wannan yana nufin cewa wannan rundunar za a iya amfani da ita, idan ya cancanta, don ɗaukar nauyin VM tare da injin da aka shirya akansa.
Don dalilai na haƙuri na kuskure, ana ba da shawarar sosai cewa a sami aƙalla runduna biyu waɗanda za'a iya sanya injin VM da aka shirya akan su.
A kan ƙarin mai watsa shiri, musaki iptables (idan an kunna), kunna Firewalld
systemctl stop iptables
systemctl disable iptables
systemctl enable firewalld
systemctl start firewalldShigar da nau'in KVM da ake buƙata (idan ya cancanta):
yum-config-manager --disable mirror.centos.org_centos-7_7_virt_x86_64_libvirt-latest_
yum install centos-release-qemu-ev
yum update
yum install qemu-kvm qemu-img virt-manager libvirt libvirt-python libvirt-client virt-install virt-viewer libguestfs libguestfs-tools dejavu-lgc-sans-fonts virt-top libvirt libvirt-python libvirt-client
systemctl enable libvirtd
systemctl restart libvirtd && systemctl status libvirtd
virsh domcapabilities kvm | grep md-clearShigar da ma'ajiyar da ake buƙata da mai saka injin ɗin da aka karɓa:
yum -y install http://resources.ovirt.org/pub/yum-repo/ovirt-release43.rpm
yum -y install epel-release
yum update
yum install screen ovirt-hosted-engine-setupNa gaba, je zuwa na'ura wasan bidiyo Bude Manajan Farko, ƙara sabon mai watsa shiri, kuma kuyi komai mataki-mataki, kamar yadda aka rubuta a ciki .
A sakamakon haka, bayan ƙara ƙarin mai watsa shiri, ya kamata mu sami wani abu kamar hoto a cikin na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa, kamar yadda yake a cikin hoton allo.
Hoton hoto na tashar gudanarwa - runduna
Mai masaukin baki wanda injin VM ɗin da aka karɓa a halin yanzu yake aiki yana da kambin zinariya da rubutun "Gudanar da Injin VM mai ɗaukar nauyi", rundunar da za a iya kaddamar da wannan VM idan ya cancanta - rubutun "Za a iya gudanar da Injin VM mai masaukin baki".
A yanayin rashin nasarar mai masaukin baki wanda "Gudanar da Injin VM mai ɗaukar nauyi", zai sake farawa ta atomatik akan mai masaukin baki na biyu. Hakanan ana iya yin ƙaura wannan VM daga mai aiki zuwa mai jiran aiki don kiyaye shi.
Ƙirƙirar Gudanar da Wutar Lantarki / shinge akan rundunonin oVirt
Hanyoyin haɗi:
- Hatsarin Hat Hat 4.3 -> Maganar Fasaha ->
- Jagorar Gudanarwar oVirt ->
Duk da yake yana iya zama kamar kun gama ƙarawa da daidaita mai watsa shiri, wannan ba gaskiya bane.
Don aiki na yau da kullun na runduna, kuma don gano / warware gazawa tare da kowane ɗayansu, ana buƙatar saitunan Gudanar da Wuta / shinge.
Wasan Zorro, ko shinge, shine tsari na cire kuskure ko gazawar mai masaukin baki daga gungu, lokacin da ko dai sabis ɗin oVirt akansa ko mai masaukin kansa ya sake farawa.
Duk cikakkun bayanai game da ma'anoni da sigogi na Gudanar da Wuta / shinge ana bayar da su, kamar yadda aka saba, a cikin takaddun; Zan ba da misali ne kawai na yadda ake saita wannan muhimmin ma'aunin, kamar yadda ake amfani da sabar Dell R640 tare da iDRAC 9.
- Je zuwa tashar gudanarwa, danna Ƙidaya >> Mai watsa shiri zaɓi mai masaukin baki.
- Danna Shirya.
- Danna shafin Gudanarwar Power.
- Duba akwatin kusa da zaɓi Kunna Gudanar da Wuta.
- Duba akwatin kusa da zaɓi Kdump hadewadon hana mai watsa shiri shiga yanayin shinge yayin yin rikodin ɓarnar kernel.
Ka lura.
Bayan kunna haɗin Kdump akan mai watsa shiri da ya riga ya gudana, dole ne a sake shigar da shi bisa ga tsari a cikin Jagorar Gudanarwar oVirt -> -> Sake shigar Runduna.
- Zabi, za ka iya duba akwatin Kashe ikon sarrafa tsarin mulki, idan ba ma son tsarin sarrafa wutar lantarki ya kasance mai sarrafa shi ta hanyar Tsarin Jadawalin gungun.
- Danna maɓallin (+) don ƙara sabon na'urar sarrafa wutar lantarki, taga mai gyara kaddarorin wakili zai buɗe.
Don iDRAC9, cika filayen:- Adireshin - adireshin iDRAC9
- Sunan mai amfani / Kalmar wucewa – shiga da kalmar sirri don shiga cikin iDRAC9, bi da bi
- type - daki 5
- Alama Secure
- ƙara waɗannan zaɓuɓɓuka masu zuwa: cmd_prompt=>,login_timeout=30
Hoton hoto tare da sigogi "Gudanar da Wuta" a cikin kaddarorin runduna
Ƙirƙirar wurin ajiya ko Domain Adanawa
Hanyar haɗi zuwa takaddun shaida - Jagorar Gudanarwar oVirt, .
Wurin ajiya, ko wurin ajiya, wuri ne da aka keɓe don adana fayafai na inji, hotunan shigarwa, samfuri, da hotuna.
Ana iya haɗa wuraren ajiya zuwa cibiyar bayanai ta amfani da ka'idoji daban-daban, tari da tsarin fayilolin cibiyar sadarwa.
oVirt yana da nau'ikan wurin ajiya iri uku:
- Domain Data - don adana duk bayanan da ke da alaƙa da injunan kama-da-wane (faifai, samfuri). Ba za a iya raba yankin bayanai tsakanin cibiyoyin bayanai daban-daban ba.
- Yankin ISO (nau'in wurin ajiyar da ba a gama ba) - don adana hotunan shigarwa na OS. Ana iya raba yankin ISO tsakanin cibiyoyin bayanai daban-daban.
- Domain fitarwa (nau'in wurin ajiyar da ba a taɓa amfani da shi ba) - don ajiyar ɗan lokaci na hotuna da aka motsa tsakanin cibiyoyin bayanai.
A cikin yanayin mu na musamman, wurin ajiya mai nau'in Domain Data yana amfani da Ka'idar Tashar Fiber (FCP) don haɗawa da LUNs akan tsarin ajiya.
Daga ra'ayi na oVirt, lokacin amfani da tsarin ajiya (FC ko iSCSI), kowane diski mai kama-da-wane, hoto ko samfuri faifai ne na ma'ana.
Ana haɗa na'urorin toshe zuwa naúrar guda ɗaya (akan rundunonin cluster) ta amfani da Rukunin Ƙarfafa sannan a raba ta amfani da LVM zuwa kundin ma'ana, waɗanda ake amfani da su azaman faifai na VMs.
Duk waɗannan ƙungiyoyin da yawancin kundin LVM ana iya gani akan gungun runduna ta amfani da umarni da dai sauransu и maido. A zahiri, duk ayyuka tare da irin wannan faifai ya kamata a yi kawai daga na'urar wasan bidiyo na oVirt, sai dai a lokuta na musamman.
Fayilolin Virtual don VMs na iya zama nau'i biyu - QCOW2 ko RAW. Discs na iya zama "bakin ciki"ko"kauri". Ana ƙirƙirar hotuna kamar yadda"bakin ciki".
Hanyar sarrafa wuraren ajiya, ko wuraren ajiya da ake shiga ta hanyar FC, yana da ma'ana sosai - ga kowane VM kama-da-wane akwai nau'in juzu'i na ma'ana wanda mai watsa shiri ɗaya kawai zai iya rubutawa. Don haɗin FC, oVirt yana amfani da wani abu kamar tari LVM.
Ana iya yin ƙaura na injuna masu ƙayatarwa waɗanda ke kan wurin ajiya iri ɗaya tsakanin rundunonin da ke cikin tari ɗaya.
Kamar yadda muke iya gani daga bayanin, gungu a cikin oVirt, kamar tari a cikin VMware vSphere ko Hyper-V, ainihin ma'anar abu ɗaya ne - rukuni ne na ma'ana na runduna, zai fi dacewa iri ɗaya a cikin kayan masarufi, da samun ajiya gama gari don kama-da-wane. inji faifai.
Bari mu ci gaba kai tsaye zuwa ƙirƙirar wurin ajiyar bayanai (VM disks), tunda ba tare da shi ba za a fara fara cibiyar bayanai.
Bari in tunatar da ku cewa duk LUNs da aka gabatar ga rukunin runduna akan tsarin ajiya dole ne a bayyane akan su ta amfani da umarnin "multipath -ll".
A cewar , je zuwa portal je zuwa Storage >> domains -> Sabon Domain kuma bi umarnin daga sashin "Ƙara Ajiyayyen FCP".
Bayan ƙaddamar da mayen, cika filayen da ake buƙata:
- sunan - saita sunan gungu
- Ayyukan yanki -Bayanai
- Nau'in Adana - Fiber Channel
- Mai watsa shiri don Amfani - zaɓi mai watsa shiri wanda LUN da muke buƙata yana samuwa
A cikin jerin LUNs, yi alama wanda muke buƙata, danna Add sai me OK. Idan ya cancanta, zaku iya daidaita ƙarin sigogi na wurin ajiya ta danna kan Ci gaba Sigogi.
Hoton hoton wizard don ƙara "yankin ajiya"
Dangane da sakamakon wizard, yakamata mu sami sabon wurin ajiya, kuma cibiyar bayanan mu yakamata ta matsa zuwa matsayi. UP, ko farawa:
Hoton cibiyar bayanai da wuraren ajiya a cikinta:
Ƙirƙirar da daidaita hanyoyin sadarwa don injunan kama-da-wane
Hanyar haɗi zuwa takaddun shaida - Jagorar Gudanarwar oVirt,
Cibiyoyin sadarwa, ko cibiyoyin sadarwa, suna hidima ga rukunin hanyoyin sadarwar ma'ana da aka yi amfani da su a cikin kayan aikin oVirt.
Don mu'amala tsakanin adaftar cibiyar sadarwa akan injin kama-da-wane da adaftar jiki akan mai watsa shiri, ana amfani da mu'amala mai ma'ana kamar gadar Linux.
Don haɗawa da raba zirga-zirga tsakanin cibiyoyin sadarwa, ana saita VLANs akan maɓallan.
Lokacin ƙirƙirar hanyar sadarwa mai ma'ana don injunan kama-da-wane a cikin oVirt, dole ne a sanya mai ganowa daidai da lambar VLAN akan maɓalli ta yadda VMs za su iya sadarwa da juna, koda kuwa suna gudana akan nodes daban-daban na gungu.
Saitunan farko na adaftar hanyar sadarwa a kan runduna don haɗa injunan kama-da-wane dole ne a yi ciki – ma'ana dubawa kaga daure 1, to duk saitunan cibiyar sadarwa yakamata a yi su ta hanyar oVirt administrative portal.
Bayan ƙirƙirar VM tare da ingin mai ɗaukar hoto, baya ga ƙirƙirar atomatik na cibiyar bayanai da tari, an ƙirƙiri hanyar sadarwa mai ma'ana ta atomatik don sarrafa tarin mu - ovritmgmt, wanda aka haɗa wannan VM.
Idan ya cancanta, zaku iya duba saitunan cibiyar sadarwar ma'ana ovritmgmt kuma daidaita su, amma dole ne ku yi hankali don kada ku rasa ikon kayan aikin oVirt.
Saitunan hanyar sadarwa na ma'ana ovritmgmt
Don ƙirƙirar sabuwar hanyar sadarwa mai ma'ana don VMs na yau da kullun, a cikin tashar gudanarwa je zuwa Network >> networks >> New, kuma a kan tab Janar ƙara hanyar sadarwa tare da ID na VLAN da ake so, sannan kuma duba akwatin kusa da "VM Network", wannan yana nufin cewa ana iya amfani da shi don aiki zuwa VM.
Hoton hoto na sabuwar hanyar sadarwar ma'ana ta VLAN32
A cikin shafin Cluster, mun haɗa wannan hanyar sadarwa zuwa tarin mu Tari1.
Bayan wannan sai mu tafi Ƙidaya >> Mai watsa shiri, Jeka kowane runduna bi da bi, zuwa shafin Hanyar sadarwa, kuma kaddamar da mayen Saita hanyoyin sadarwar masu masaukin baki, don ɗaure ga rundunan sabuwar hanyar sadarwa mai ma'ana.
Hoton hoton mayen “Setup host networks” wizard
Wakilin oVirt zai yi duk saitunan cibiyar sadarwar da ake buƙata ta atomatik akan mai watsa shiri - ƙirƙirar VLAN da BRIDGE.
Misalin fayilolin sanyi don sabbin cibiyoyin sadarwa akan mai watsa shiri:
cat ifcfg-bond1
# Generated by VDSM version 4.30.17.1
DEVICE=bond1
BONDING_OPTS='mode=1 miimon=100'
MACADDR=00:50:56:82:57:52
ONBOOT=yes
MTU=1500
DEFROUTE=no
NM_CONTROLLED=no
IPV6INIT=no
cat ifcfg-bond1.432
# Generated by VDSM version 4.30.17.1
DEVICE=bond1.432
VLAN=yes
BRIDGE=ovirtvm-vlan432
ONBOOT=yes
MTU=1500
DEFROUTE=no
NM_CONTROLLED=no
IPV6INIT=no
cat ifcfg-ovirtvm-vlan432
# Generated by VDSM version 4.30.17.1
DEVICE=ovirtvm-vlan432
TYPE=Bridge
DELAY=0
STP=off
ONBOOT=yes
MTU=1500
DEFROUTE=no
NM_CONTROLLED=no
IPV6INIT=noBari in sake tunatar da ku cewa a kan cluster host BABU BUKATA ƙirƙira hanyoyin sadarwa na cibiyar sadarwa da hannu a gaba idancfg-bond1.432 и ifcfg-ovirtvm-vlan432.
Bayan ƙara hanyar sadarwa mai ma'ana da bincika haɗin kai tsakanin mai watsa shiri da injin VM da aka shirya, ana iya amfani da shi a cikin injin kama-da-wane.
Ƙirƙirar hoton shigarwa don tura injin kama-da-wane
Hanyar haɗi zuwa takaddun shaida - Jagorar Gudanarwar oVirt, , sashe Loda Hotuna zuwa Domain Adana Bayanai.
Ba tare da hoton shigarwa na OS ba, ba zai yiwu a shigar da na'ura mai mahimmanci ba, kodayake wannan ba matsala ba ne idan, alal misali, an shigar da shi akan hanyar sadarwa. tare da hotunan da aka riga aka ƙirƙira.
A cikin yanayinmu, wannan ba zai yiwu ba, don haka dole ne ku shigo da wannan hoton zuwa cikin oVirt da kanku. A baya can, wannan yana buƙatar ƙirƙirar yanki na ISO, amma a cikin sabon sigar oVirt an soke shi, don haka yanzu zaku iya loda hotuna kai tsaye zuwa yankin Adanawa daga tashar gudanarwa.
A cikin admin portal je zuwa Storage >> Diski >> Upload >> Fara
Muna ƙara hoton OS ɗinmu azaman fayil ɗin ISO, cika duk filayen da ke cikin fom ɗin, sannan danna maɓallin "Gwaji haɗi".
Hoton hoto na Mayen Hoton Ƙara Shigarwa
Idan muka samu kuskure kamar haka:
Unable to upload image to disk d6d8fd10-c1e0-4f2d-af15-90f8e636dadc due to a network error. Ensure that ovirt-imageio-proxy service is installed and configured and that ovirt-engine's CA certificate is registered as a trusted CA in the browser. The certificate can be fetched from https://ovirt.test.local/ovirt-engine/services/pki-resource?resource=ca-certificate&format=X509-PEM-CA`
Sannan kuna buƙatar ƙara takardar shaidar oVirt zuwa “Amintaccen Tushen CAs"(Trusted Root CA) akan tashar sarrafa mai gudanarwa, daga inda muke ƙoƙarin zazzage hoton.
Bayan ƙara da takardar shaidar zuwa Trusted Tushen CA, danna sake"Gwaji haɗi", ya kamata:
Connection to ovirt-imageio-proxy was successful.Bayan kun kammala aikin ƙara takaddun shaida, zaku iya sake gwadawa a loda hoton ISO zuwa Domain Adanawa.
A ka'ida, za ka iya keɓance Domain Storage daban tare da nau'in Data don adana hotuna da samfura daban da diski na VM, ko ma adana su a cikin Wurin Adana don injin da aka shirya, amma wannan yana bisa ga ra'ayin mai gudanarwa.
Hoton hoto tare da hotunan ISO a cikin Domain Adanawa don injin da aka shirya
Ƙirƙiri injin kama-da-wane
Rukunin mahaɗin:
oVirt Virtual Machine Management Guide –>
Bayan loda hoton shigarwa tare da OS cikin oVirt, zaku iya ci gaba kai tsaye zuwa ƙirƙirar injin kama-da-wane. An yi ayyuka da yawa, amma mun riga mun kai mataki na ƙarshe, saboda abin da aka fara wannan duka - samun kayan aikin da za su iya jure wa kuskure don ɗaukar injunan kama-da-wane. Kuma duk wannan cikakken kyauta ne - ba kwabo ɗaya da aka kashe wajen siyan kowace lasisin software ba.
Don ƙirƙirar injin kama-da-wane tare da CentOS 7, dole ne a sauke hoton shigarwa daga OS.
Muna zuwa tashar gudanarwa, je zuwa Ƙidaya >> Ma'aikata masu kyau, kuma kaddamar da VM halitta maye. Cika duk sigogi da filayen kuma danna OK. Komai yana da sauqi sosai idan kun bi takaddun.
A matsayin misali, zan ba da asali da ƙarin saituna na VM da ake samu sosai, tare da faifan da aka ƙirƙira, an haɗa shi da hanyar sadarwa, da yin booting daga hoton shigarwa:
Hotunan hotunan kariyar kwamfuta tare da saitunan VM sosai
Bayan kammala aiki tare da mayen, rufe shi, kaddamar da sabon VM kuma shigar da OS akansa.
Don yin wannan, je zuwa wasan bidiyo na wannan VM ta hanyar tashar gudanarwa:
Hoton hoto na saitunan tashar tashar gudanarwa don haɗawa zuwa na'urar wasan bidiyo na VM
Don haɗawa da na'ura wasan bidiyo na VM, dole ne ka fara saita na'ura wasan bidiyo a cikin kaddarorin na'urar kama-da-wane.
Hoton hoto na saitunan VM, shafin "Console".
Don haɗawa da na'urar wasan bidiyo na VM zaka iya amfani da, misali, .
Don haɗawa da na'ura wasan bidiyo na VM kai tsaye a cikin taga mai bincike, saitunan haɗin kai ta na'ura wasan bidiyo yakamata su kasance kamar haka:
Bayan shigar da OS akan VM, yana da kyau a shigar da wakilin baƙo na oVirt:
yum -y install epel-release
yum install -y ovirt-guest-agent-common
systemctl enable ovirt-guest-agent.service && systemctl restart ovirt-guest-agent.service
systemctl status ovirt-guest-agent.serviceDon haka, sakamakon ayyukanmu, VM ɗin da aka ƙirƙira zai kasance sosai, watau. idan cluster node da yake aiki a kai ya gaza, oVirt zai sake kunna shi kai tsaye akan kumburin na biyu. Hakanan ana iya yin ƙaura wannan VM tsakanin gungun runduna don kiyaye su ko wasu dalilai.
ƙarshe
Ina fatan cewa wannan labarin ya sami nasarar isar da cewa oVirt kayan aiki ne na yau da kullun don sarrafa kayan aikin kama-da-wane, wanda ba shi da wahala a tura shi - babban abu shine bin wasu dokoki da buƙatun da aka bayyana duka a cikin labarin da cikin takaddun.
Saboda yawan ƙarar labarin, ba zai yiwu a haɗa abubuwa da yawa a cikinsa ba, kamar aiwatar da matakan mataki-mataki na mayu daban-daban tare da cikakkun bayanai da hotunan kariyar allo, tsayin daka na wasu umarni, da sauransu. A zahiri, wannan yana buƙatar rubuta littafi gabaɗaya, wanda ba ya da ma'ana sosai saboda sabbin nau'ikan software da ke fitowa koyaushe tare da sabbin abubuwa da canje-canje. Abu mafi mahimmanci shine fahimtar ƙa'idar yadda duka ke aiki tare, da kuma samun cikakken algorithm don ƙirƙirar dandali mai jure rashin kuskure don sarrafa injunan kama-da-wane.
Ko da yake mun ƙirƙira kayan aiki mai kama-da-wane, yanzu muna buƙatar koyar da shi don yin hulɗa da juna tsakanin abubuwan guda ɗaya: runduna, injunan kama-da-wane, hanyoyin sadarwa na ciki, da kuma tare da duniyar waje.
Wannan tsari yana daya daga cikin manyan ayyuka na tsarin ko mai gudanarwa na cibiyar sadarwa, wanda za a rufe a cikin labarin na gaba - game da amfani da masu amfani da hanyar sadarwa na VyOS a cikin abubuwan da ba su dace ba na kasuwancinmu (kamar yadda kuka zato, za su yi aiki a matsayin kama-da-wane). inji a kan gungu na oVirt).
source: www.habr.com