Bari mu dubi fasalulluka na OS mai canzawa.
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Yadda Silverblue ya kasance
Fedora Silverblue babban tsarin aiki ne na tebur mara canzawa. A ciki, duk aikace-aikacen suna gudana a cikin keɓaɓɓen kwantena, kuma ana shigar da sabuntawa ta atomatik.
A baya an kira aikin . Daga baya aka sake masa suna Silverblue. A cewar masu haɓakawa, sun yi la'akari da zaɓuɓɓukan suna sama da 150. An zaɓi Silverblue kawai saboda akwai irin wannan yanki da asusun kyauta akan hanyoyin sadarwar zamantakewa.
An sabunta tsarin Fedora Workstation shine fifikon ginin tebur a cikin Fedora 30. Mawallafa sun ce Silverblue yana nan gaba. Fedora Workstation.
Daya daga cikin mazauna Hacker News cewa tunanin Silverblue ya zama ci gaban aikin . Fedora ya inganta shi kimanin shekaru goma da suka wuce. Linux ya kamata ya sauƙaƙa sarrafa ƙwararrun abokan ciniki masu kauri da kauri. A ciki ma, an buɗe duk fayilolin tsarin tsarin a cikin yanayin karantawa kawai.
Menene "rauni" ke bayarwa?
Kalmar "tsarin aiki mara canzawa" yana nufin cewa tushen da kundayen adireshi masu amfani suna hawa karatu-kawai. Ana sanya duk bayanan da za a iya canzawa a cikin kundin adireshi/var. Masu haɓakawa suna amfani da irin wannan hanya и . Wannan tsarin yana ƙara tsaro na OS kuma yana hana fayilolin tsarin sharewa (misali, bisa kuskure).
Daya daga cikin mazauna Hacker News a cikin zaren jigo , cewa na taɓa goge adadin fayilolin tsarin da bazata yayin da na gyara jigon Ubuntu Yaru. Duk da haka, ba shi da wani ajiyar kuɗi saboda kuskure a cikin regex. A cewarsa, OS mai canzawa zai taimaka wajen guje wa matsaloli.
Ana kuma sauƙaƙe shigar da sabuntawa - duk abin da kuke buƙatar yi shine sake kunna tsarin daga sabon hoto. Bugu da ƙari, yana yiwuwa a canza sauri tsakanin rassa da yawa (sakin Fedora). Misali, tsakanin sigar Fedora da aka haɓaka a halin yanzu da ma'ajiya tare da sabuntawa masu zuwa.
Menene bambance-bambance daga classic Fedora?
Ana amfani da fasahar OSTree don shigar da yanayin tushe (/ da / usr). Za mu iya cewa wannan tsarin "versioning" ne - fakitin. Ana fassara fakitin RPM zuwa maajiyar OSTree ta amfani da rpm-ostree. Yayin installing kunshin, ta Wurin dawowa wanda zaku iya jujjuya baya idan an gaza.
OSTree kuma shigar da aikace-aikace daga wuraren ajiyar dnf/yum da ma'ajiyar da Fedora ba ta goyan bayansa. Don yin wannan, maimakon umarnin shigarwa na dnf, kuna buƙatar amfani da shigarwar rpm-ostree. Tsarin zai samar da sabon hoton tushe na tsarin aiki kuma ya maye gurbin wanda aka shigar dashi.
An yi amfani da shi azaman tsari don ɗaukaka aikace-aikace . Yana gudanar da su a cikin kwantena. Fakitin fakitin fakiti kawai ya haɗa da takamaiman abubuwan dogaro da aikace-aikacen. Duk manyan ɗakunan karatu (kamar ɗakunan karatu na GNOME da KDE) sun kasance mahalli na lokacin aiki. Wannan tsarin yana ba ku damar rage girman fakiti da kuma kawar da abubuwan da aka kwafi daga cikinsu.
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Don shigar da aikace-aikacen da ba a kunshe a cikin Flatpack ba, kuna iya amfani da su . Yana ba ku damar ƙirƙirar akwati tare da mai sakawa Fedora na gargajiya.
Makamantan mafita
Akwai wasu rabawa waɗanda ayyukansu yayi kama da Silverblue. Misali zai iya zama daga openSUSE. Wannan ba rabe-raben tsaye ba ne, amma wani ɓangare na dandalin budeSUSE Kubic don ƙaddamar da CaaS (Kwanene a matsayin Sabis).
Tsarin yana aiki tare da kwantena Docker. Ana rarraba hotunan su azaman fakitin RPM. Wannan Sanya aikace-aikacen tushen layin umarni waɗanda babu su a tsarin Flatpack. An kafa tsarin runduna don gudanar da kwantena bisa ga ma'ajiyar hukuma .
An tsara MicroOS don turawa a cikin manyan wurare (misali, a cikin cibiyoyin bayanai), amma kuma yana iya aiki akan inji guda.
Misali na wani irin wannan ci gaban zai kasance . Rarraba Linux ne bisa mai sarrafa fakitin Nix. Babban fasalinsa shine bayanin bayanin daidaitawa. Mai gudanarwa baya buƙatar shigar da tsarin kuma saita shi da hannu. Ana yin rikodin matsayi a cikin fayil na musamman: duk fakiti da saitunan tabbatarwa ana nuna su a wurin. Na gaba, mai sarrafa fakitin yana kawo OS ta atomatik zuwa ƙayyadadden yanayin.
Wannan tsarin yana aiki sosai masu samar da girgije, jami'o'i da kamfanonin IT.
A kowane hali, Silverblue yana da damar da za ta mamaye alkinta a kasuwa. Ko zai yi tasiri ya rage a gani nan gaba.
Kayayyaki daga bulogi na Farko game da kamfani IaaS:
Ƙarin karatu akan Habré:
source: www.habr.com