termux mataki-mataki

Lokacin da na fara saduwa da Termux, kuma ba ni da nisa daga kasancewa mai amfani da Linux, Ina da tunani guda biyu a kaina: "Ba abin yarda ba ne!" da kuma "Yaya ake amfani da shi?". Bayan da aka yi ta cikin Intanet, ban sami labarin guda ɗaya da ke ba ku damar fara amfani da Termux ba don ya fi jin daɗi fiye da abin banza. Za mu gyara wannan.

Don menene, a zahiri, na sami Termux? Na farko, hacking, ko kuma wajen sha'awar fahimtar shi kadan. Na biyu, rashin iya amfani da Kali Linux.
Anan zan yi ƙoƙari in haɗa dukkan abubuwa masu amfani da na samu akan batun. Wannan labarin ba shi yiwuwa ya yi mamakin duk wanda ya fahimta, amma ga waɗanda kawai suka san jin daɗin Termux, ina fatan zai zama da amfani.

Don ƙarin fahimtar kayan, Ina ba da shawarar maimaita abin da na bayyana ba azaman kwafi-manna mai sauƙi ba, amma don shigar da umarni da kaina. Don saukakawa, muna buƙatar ko dai na'urar Android mai haɗin keyboard, ko kuma, kamar yadda a cikin akwati na, na'urar Android da PC / Laptop (Windows) da aka haɗa zuwa cibiyar sadarwa iri ɗaya. Android ya fi dacewa da tushe, amma ba a buƙata ba. Wani lokaci na nuna wani abu a cikin maƙallan, yawanci wannan zai ba ka damar fahimtar abu mafi kyau (idan abin da aka rubuta a cikin maƙallan ba a bayyana ba, jin kyauta don tsallake shi, to duk abin da za a bayyana a cikin tsari kuma kamar yadda ya cancanta).

Mataki 1

Zan zama banal kuma tsine ma'ana a lokaci guda

Sanya Termux daga Kasuwar Google Play:

Muna buɗe aikace-aikacen da aka shigar kuma mu gani:

Mataki na gaba shine sabunta fakitin da aka riga aka shigar. Don yin wannan, muna shigar da umarni guda biyu a jere, a cikin abin da muka yarda da komai ta shigar da Y:

apt update
apt upgrade
Tare da umarni na farko, muna bincika jerin fakitin da aka shigar kuma muna neman waɗanda za a iya sabunta su, kuma tare da na biyu muna sabunta su. Don haka, dole ne a rubuta umarnin a cikin wannan jeri.

Yanzu muna da sabon sigar Termux.

Wasu ƙarin umarni

ls - yana nuna jerin fayiloli da kundayen adireshi a cikin kundin adireshi na yanzu
cd – matsawa zuwa ƙayyadadden kundin adireshi, misali:
Yana da mahimmanci a fahimta: idan ba a ƙayyade hanyar kai tsaye ba (~/storage/downloads/1.txt) zai kasance daga kundin adireshi na yanzu.
cd dir1 - zai matsa zuwa dir1 idan ya kasance a cikin kundin adireshi na yanzu
cd ~/dir1 – zai matsa zuwa dir1 a ƙayyadadden hanya daga tushen babban fayil
cd ko cd ~ - matsawa zuwa tushen babban fayil
clear - share na'ura wasan bidiyo
ifconfig - za ka iya ganin IP, ko za ka iya saita cibiyar sadarwa
cat - yana ba ku damar aiki tare da fayiloli / na'urori (a cikin zaren iri ɗaya) misali:
cat 1.txt – duba abubuwan da ke cikin fayil ɗin 1.txt
cat 1.txt>>2.txt - kwafi fayil 1.txt zuwa fayil 2.txt (fayil 1.txt zai kasance)
rm - ana amfani dashi don cire fayiloli daga tsarin fayil. Zaɓuɓɓukan da aka yi amfani da su tare da rm:
-r - aiwatar da duk kundayen adireshi. Ana buƙatar wannan maɓallin idan fayil ɗin da ake sharewa directory ne. Idan fayil ɗin da ake share ba directory bane, to zaɓin -r ba shi da wani tasiri akan umarnin rm.
-i – Nuna faɗakarwar tabbatarwa ga kowane aikin sharewa.
-f - kar a mayar da lambar fita ta kuskure idan fayilolin da ba su wanzu ba ne suka haifar da kurakuran; kar a nemi tabbatar da ma'amaloli.
Alal misali:
rm -rf mydir – share fayil (ko directory) mydir ba tare da tabbatarwa da lambar kuskure ba.
mkdir <путь> - ƙirƙirar kundin adireshi a ƙayyadadden hanyar
echo - za a iya amfani da shi don rubuta layi zuwa fayil, idan aka yi amfani da ''>', za a sake rubuta fayil ɗin, idan ''>>' za a makala layin zuwa ƙarshen fayil ɗin:
echo "string" > filename
Muna neman ƙarin cikakkun bayanai akan umarnin UNIX akan Intanet (babu wanda ya soke ci gaban kansa).
Gajerun hanyoyin keyboard Ctrl + C da Ctrl + Z suna katsewa kuma suna dakatar da aiwatar da umarni, bi da bi.

Mataki 2

Ka sauƙaƙa rayuwarka

Don kada ku azabtar da kanku ba dole ba ta shigar da umarni daga maballin allo (a cikin yanayin "filin", ba shakka, ba za ku iya tserewa daga wannan ba) akwai hanyoyi guda biyu:

Haɗa cikakken madannai zuwa na'urar Android ta kowace hanya mai dacewa.
Yi amfani da ssh. A taƙaice, za a buɗe na'urar wasan bidiyo na Termux da ke aiki akan na'urar ku ta Android akan kwamfutarka.

Na tafi hanya ta biyu, kodayake yana da ɗan rikitarwa don saitawa, duk yana biya cikin sauƙin amfani.

Kuna buƙatar shigar da shirin abokin ciniki na ssh akan kwamfutar, Ina amfani da Client Bitvise SSH, incl. Ana yin duk ƙarin ayyuka a cikin wannan shirin.

Domin a halin yanzu Termux kawai yana goyan bayan haɗawa ta amfani da hanyar Publickey ta amfani da babban fayil, muna buƙatar ƙirƙirar wannan fayil ɗin. Don yin wannan, a cikin shirin Client na Bitvise SSH, a kan Login shafin, danna kan abokin ciniki key manager a cikin taga da ke buɗewa, samar da sabon maɓalli na jama'a kuma a fitar dashi cikin tsarin OpenSSH zuwa fayil mai suna termux.pub (a zahiri, ana iya amfani da kowane suna). Ana sanya fayil ɗin da aka ƙirƙira a cikin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar na'urarku ta Android a cikin babban fayil ɗin Zazzagewa (wannan babban fayil ɗin, da wasu da yawa, Termux ya sauƙaƙa samun dama ba tare da tushen ba).

A cikin Login shafin, a cikin filin Mai watsa shiri, shigar da IP na na'urar Android ɗinku (zaku iya ganowa ta shigar da umarnin ifconfig a cikin Termux) a cikin filin Port ya zama 8022.

Yanzu bari mu matsa zuwa shigar da OpenSSH a cikin Termux, saboda wannan mun shigar da umarni masu zuwa:

apt install openssh (a cikin tsari, idan ya cancanta, shigar da 'y')
pkill sshd (tare da wannan umarni mun dakatar da OpenSSH)
termux-setup-storage (haɗa ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar ciki)
cat ~/storage/downloads/termux.pub>>~/.ssh/authorized_keys (kwafi fayil ɗin key)
sshd (fara ssh host)

Mun koma Bitvise SSH Client kuma danna maɓallin Shiga. A yayin aiwatar da haɗin kai, taga zai bayyana wanda a cikinsa za mu zaɓi Hanyar - maɓalli na jama'a, Maɓallin Client shine Kalmar wucewa (idan kun ayyana shi lokacin ƙirƙirar fayil ɗin maɓallin).

A cikin yanayin haɗin kai mai nasara (idan an yi duk abin da aka rubuta, ya kamata ya haɗa ba tare da matsala ba), taga zai buɗe.

Yanzu za mu iya shigar da umarni daga PC kuma za a kashe su akan na'urar ku ta Android. Ba shi da wahala a iya hasashen abin da fa'idodin wannan ke bayarwa.

Mataki 3

Saita Termux, shigar da ƙarin kayan aiki

Da farko, bari mu shigar bash-completion (shortcut, sihiri-Tab, duk wanda ya kira shi). Ma'anar abin amfani shine, ta shigar da umarni, zaka iya amfani da autocomplete ta latsa Tab. Don shigarwa, rubuta:

apt install bash-completion (Yana aiki ta atomatik akan latsa Tab)

To, menene rayuwa ba tare da editan rubutu ba tare da nuna alamar lamba (idan kuna son yin lamba kwatsam, amma kuna so). Don shigarwa, rubuta:

apt install vim

Anan kun riga kun yi amfani da autocomplete - mun rubuta 'apt i' yanzu danna Tab kuma an haɗa umarnin mu zuwa 'apt install'.

Yin amfani da vim ba shi da wahala, don buɗe fayil ɗin 1.txt (idan babu shi, za a ƙirƙira shi) muna rubuta:

vim 1.txt

Danna 'i' don fara bugawa
Danna ESC don gama bugawa
Dole ne a gabatar da umarnin da colon':'
':q' - fita ba tare da ajiyewa ba
':w' - ajiye
':wq' - ajiye kuma fita

Tun da yanzu za mu iya ƙirƙira da shirya fayiloli, bari mu haɓaka kamanni da jin layin umarni na Termux kaɗan. Don yin wannan, muna buƙatar saita canjin yanayi na PS1 zuwa "[33[1; 33; 1; 32m]: [33[1; 31m] w$ [33[0m] [33[0m]" (idan kun kasance. yana mamakin menene kuma da me ku ci don Allah a nan). Don yin wannan, muna buƙatar ƙara layin zuwa fayil ɗin '.bashrc' (yana nan a tushen kuma ana aiwatar dashi duk lokacin da aka fara harsashi):

PS1 = "[ 33[1;33;1;32m]:[ 33[1;31m]w$ [ 33[0m][ 33[0m]"

Don sauƙi da tsabta, za mu yi amfani da vim:

cd
vim .bashrc

Muna shigar da layi, ajiye mu fita.

Wata hanya don ƙara layi zuwa fayil ita ce amfani da umarnin 'echo':

echo PS1='"[ 33[1;33;1;32m]:[ 33[1;31m]w$ [ 33[0m][ 33[0m]"' >>  .bashrc

Yi la'akari da cewa don nuna ƙididdiga biyu, gabaɗayan kirtani mai ƙima biyu dole ne a haɗa shi cikin ƙididdiga guda ɗaya. Wannan umarnin yana da ''>>' saboda za a sanya fayil ɗin don sake rubutawa ''>'.

A cikin fayil ɗin .bashrc, Hakanan zaka iya shigar da laƙabi's - gajarta. Misali, muna son aiwatar da sabuntawa da haɓakawa tare da umarni ɗaya lokaci ɗaya. Don yin wannan, ƙara layin da ke gaba zuwa .bashrc:

alias updg = "apt update && apt upgrade"

Don shigar da layi, zaku iya amfani da vim ko umarnin echo (idan bai yi aiki da kanku ba - duba ƙasa)

Ma'anar kalmar syntax ita ce:

alias <сокращение> = "<перечень команд>"

Don haka bari mu ƙara gajarta:

echo alias updg='"apt update && apt upgrade"' >> .bashrc

Ga wasu ƙarin abubuwan amfani masu amfani

Shigar ta hanyar shigar da dacewa

mutum - Taimakon da aka gina don yawancin umarni.
mutum% umarni

imagemagick - Mai amfani don aiki tare da hotuna (maidawa, matsawa, girbi). Yana goyan bayan nau'o'i da yawa ciki har da pdf Misali: Mayar da duk hotuna a babban fayil na yanzu zuwa pdf ɗaya kuma rage girman su.
maida *.jpg -ma'auni 50% img.pdf

ffmpeg - Ofaya daga cikin mafi kyawun masu sauya sauti / bidiyo. Umarnin Google don amfani.

mc - Mai sarrafa fayil guda biyu kamar Far.

Har yanzu akwai matakai da yawa a gaba, babban abin shi ne cewa an fara motsi!

source: www.habr.com

Termux mataki-mataki (Sashe na 1)