A baya can, mun ɓullo da Power over Ethernet fasaha a cikin mu sauya kawai a cikin shugabanci na kara daukar kwayar cutar. Amma yayin aiki na mafita tare da PoE da PoE +, ya zama a bayyane cewa wannan bai isa ba. Abokan cinikinmu suna fuskantar ba kawai tare da ƙarancin kasafin kuɗi na makamashi ba, har ma tare da ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun hanyoyin sadarwa na Ethernet - kewayon watsa bayanai na m 100. A cikin wannan labarin za mu gaya muku yadda za ku kusanci wannan iyakancewa da gwada dogon zangon PoE a ciki. yi.
Me yasa muke buƙatar fasahar dogon zangon PoE?
Nisan mita ɗari yana da yawa. Bugu da ƙari, a gaskiya ba a taɓa shimfiɗa kebul ɗin a madaidaiciyar layi ba: kuna buƙatar zagayawa duk bends na ginin, tashi ko faɗuwa daga tashar USB zuwa wani, da sauransu. Ko da a cikin gine-gine masu matsakaici, ƙayyadaddun iyaka akan tsawon sashin Ethernet na iya juya zuwa ciwon kai ga mai gudanarwa.
Mun yanke shawarar yin amfani da misalin ginin makaranta don nunawa a fili waɗanne na'urori za su iya samun wutar lantarki ta amfani da PoE da haɗi zuwa hanyar sadarwa (koren taurari), kuma waɗanda ba za su kasance ba (jajayen taurari). Idan ba za a iya shigar da kayan aikin cibiyar sadarwa tsakanin shari'o'in ba, to a matsananciyar wuraren na'urorin ba za su iya haɗawa ba:
Don ƙetare iyakokin kewayon, ana amfani da fasahar Long Range PoE: yana ba ku damar faɗaɗa yankin ɗaukar hoto na hanyar sadarwar waya da haɗa masu biyan kuɗi da ke nesa har zuwa mita 250. Lokacin amfani da Long Range PoE, ana canja wurin bayanai da wutar lantarki ta hanyoyi biyu:
- Idan saurin mu'amala ya kasance 10 Mbps (Ethernet na yau da kullun), to watsawar lokaci guda na makamashi da bayanai yana yiwuwa akan sassa masu tsayin mita 250.
- Idan an saita saurin dubawa zuwa 100 Mbps (don samfuran TL-SL1218MP da TL-SG1218MPE) ko 1 Gbps (don ƙirar TL-SG1218MPE), to babu canja wurin bayanai da zai faru - canja wurin makamashi kawai. A wannan yanayin, za a buƙaci wata hanya don isar da bayanai, alal misali, layi ɗaya na gani. Dogon Range PoE a wannan yanayin za a yi amfani da shi ne kawai don ikon nesa.
Don haka, lokacin amfani da Long Range PoE akan yanki na makaranta ɗaya, kayan aikin cibiyar sadarwa waɗanda ke goyan bayan saurin 10 Mbps na iya kasancewa a kowane wuri.
Abin da ke canzawa wanda ke goyan bayan Long Range PoE zai iya yi
Aikin Dogon Range PoE yana samuwa akan masu sauyawa guda biyu a cikin layin TP-Link: и .
TL-SL1218MP sauyawa ne mara sarrafa. Yana da tashar jiragen ruwa 16, jimlar PoE kasafin kudin shine 192 W, wanda ke ba shi damar samar da wutar lantarki har zuwa 30 W kowace tashar jiragen ruwa. Idan kasafin wutar lantarki bai wuce ba, duk tashoshin Ethernet mai sauri 16 na iya karɓar wuta.
Ana aiwatar da saiti ta amfani da maɓalli a gaban panel: ɗayan yana kunna yanayin Long Range PoE, kuma na biyu yana daidaita fifikon tashoshin jiragen ruwa lokacin rarraba kasafin kuɗin makamashi na canji.
TL-SG1218MPE na cikin Sauƙaƙe Smart Smart. Kuna iya sarrafa na'urar ta hanyar haɗin yanar gizo ko kayan aiki na musamman.
A cikin ɓangaren tsarin dubawa, masu gudanarwa suna da damar yin amfani da daidaitattun ayyuka na yau da kullum: canza shiga da kalmar wucewa don asusun mai gudanarwa, saita adireshin IP na tsarin sarrafawa, sabunta firmware, da sauransu.
An saita yanayin aiki na tashar jiragen ruwa a cikin Canjawa → Saitin tashar tashar jiragen ruwa. Amfani da ragowar shafuka na sashin, zaku iya kunna / kashe IGMP kuma ku haɗa mu'amala ta zahiri cikin ƙungiyoyi.
Sashen Kulawa yana ba da bayanan ƙididdiga game da aiki na tashar jiragen ruwa. Hakanan zaka iya madubi zirga-zirga, kunna ko kashe kariyar madauki, da gudanar da ginanniyar gwajin kebul.
Maɓallin TL-SG1218MPE yana goyan bayan hanyoyin sadarwar kama-da-wane da yawa: 802.1q tagging, VLAN na tushen tashar jiragen ruwa, da MTU VLAN. Lokacin aiki a cikin yanayin MTU VLAN, sauyawa kawai yana ba da damar musayar zirga-zirga tsakanin tashar jiragen ruwa masu amfani da haɗin kai, wato, musayar zirga-zirga tsakanin tashoshin mai amfani kai tsaye an hana. Wannan fasaha kuma ana kiranta Asymmetric VLAN ko Private VLAN. Ana amfani da shi don inganta tsaro na cibiyar sadarwa ta yadda lokacin da aka haɗa ta jiki zuwa maɓalli, mai hari ba zai iya kama ikon sarrafa kayan aiki ba.
A cikin sashin QoS, zaku iya saita fifikon mu'amala, daidaita iyakokin saurin zirga-zirgar mai amfani, da magance guguwa.
A cikin ɓangaren PoE Config, mai gudanarwa na iya iyakance iyakar ƙarfin da ake samu ga wani mabukaci, saita fifikon makamashi na keɓancewa, haɗi ko cire haɗin mabukaci.
Gwaji Dogon Rage
A kan TL-SL1218MP mun ba da tallafin Dogon Range don tashoshin jiragen ruwa takwas na farko. Wayar IP ɗin gwajin mu tayi aiki cikin nasara. Ta hanyar saitunan wayar, mun gano cewa saurin da aka amince shine 10 Mbps. Daga nan muka juya Long Range PoE switch zuwa Off kuma muka duba abin da ya faru da wayar gwajin bayan haka. Na'urar ta yi nasara cikin nasara kuma ta ba da rahoton yin amfani da yanayin 100 Mbps akan hanyar sadarwar ta, amma ba a watsa bayanai ta tashar ba kuma wayar ba ta da rajista da tashar. Don haka, masu amfani da wutar lantarki da aka haɗa akan dogon tashoshi na Ethernet yana yiwuwa ba tare da kunna yanayin Long Range PoE ba, amma a wannan yanayin za a iya watsa wutar lantarki kawai ta hanyar tashar, ba bayanai ba.
A daidaitaccen iko akan yanayin Ethernet (lokacin da tsayin sashi bai wuce mita 100 ba), makamashi da canja wurin bayanai yana faruwa a cikin sauri har zuwa 1 Gbps. Gwajin aikin wayar da PoE ke amfani da shi kuma an haɗa shi da kebul mafi tsayi ya yi nasara.
A kan TL-SG1218MPE sauyawa mun canza tashar jiragen ruwa zuwa 10 Mbps Half Duplex yanayin - na'urar da aka haɗa cikin nasara.
A zahiri, muna son sanin yawan kuzarin da wayar ke cinyewa tare da wannan haɗin, ya zama cewa kawai 1,6 W.
C:>ping -t 192.168.1.10
Pinging 192.168.1.10 with 32 bytes of data:
Reply from 192.168.1.10: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=64
Reply from 192.168.1.10: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=64
Reply from 192.168.1.10: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=64
Reply from 192.168.1.10: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=64
Reply from 192.168.1.10: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=64
Reply from 192.168.1.10: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=64
Reply from 192.168.1.10: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=64
Reply from 192.168.1.10: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=64
Reply from 192.168.1.10: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=64
Request timed out.
Request timed out.
Request timed out.
Request timed out.
Request timed out.
Request timed out.
Request timed out.
Ping statistics for 192.168.1.10:
Packets: Sent = 16, Received = 9, Lost = 7 (43% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0ms
Control-C
Amma idan kun canza yanayin sauyawa zuwa 100 Mbps Half Duplex ko 100 Mbps Full Duplex aiki yanayin, haɗin wayar ta ɓace nan da nan kuma ba a dawo da ita ba.
The interface kanta yana cikin jihar Link Down.
Kusan abu iri ɗaya ne ke faruwa idan an kunna keɓancewa zuwa yanayin sauye-sauye ta atomatik da yanayin shawarwarin duplex. Don haka, hanya ɗaya tilo don amfani da irin waɗannan sassan Ethernet mai tsayi shine a saita saurin haɗin da hannu zuwa 10 Mbps.
Abin baƙin ciki, irin waɗannan dogayen sassan na USB ba a gano su ta hanyar ginanniyar gwajin kebul.
Ana ɗaukaka sauran maɓallan PoE
Tun da yawan na'urorin da PoE ke amfani da shi yana karuwa kullum, mun sabunta kayan wutar lantarki na tsofaffin samfura. Yanzu, maimakon 110 W da 192 W wutar lantarki, duk samfuran za su sami raka'a 150 W da 250 W. Ana iya ganin waɗannan canje-canje a cikin tebur:
Kamar yadda fasahar PoE ta fara shiga matakin mabukaci, wani canji a cikin jeri shine gabatar da maɓalli da aka tsara don ƙananan ofisoshi da amfani da gida.
A cikin 2019, samfura sun bayyana a cikin layin masu sauya saurin Ethernet mara sarrafa и don tashar jiragen ruwa 5 da 8. Adadin wutar lantarki na samfuran shine 58 W, kuma ana iya rarraba shi tsakanin musaya huɗu (har zuwa 15,4 W a kowace tashar jiragen ruwa). Sauye-sauyen ba su da magoya baya; ana iya sanya su kai tsaye a ofis da wuraren aiki, gidaje da amfani da su don haɗa kowane kyamarar IP da wayoyin IP. Maɓallai na iya ba da fifiko ga rarraba wutar lantarki: lokacin da abin hawa ya faru, ana kashe ƙananan na'urori masu mahimmanci.
Ayyuka и , kamar samfuran SF, an tsara su don shigarwa na tebur, amma suna da ginanniyar ginin gigabit, wanda ke ba ku damar haɗa kayan aiki mai sauri mai sauri wanda ke goyan bayan 802.3af.
Canja Za a iya sanya duka a kan tebur da kuma a cikin tara. Wannan samfurin yana da tashoshin Gigabit Ethernet guda takwas, kowannensu ana iya haɗa shi da mabukaci tare da IEEE 802.3af / a tallafi da ƙarfin har zuwa 30 W. Jimlar kasafin makamashi na na'urar shine 126 W. Wani fasali na musamman na na'urar shine yana goyan bayan yanayin ceton wutar lantarki, wanda mai kunnawa lokaci-lokaci yana kunna tashar jiragen ruwa kuma yana kashe wutar lantarki idan babu na'urar da aka haɗa. Wannan yana ba ku damar rage yawan amfani da makamashi da kashi 75%.
Baya ga TL-SG1218PE, layin TP-Link na maɓallan sarrafawa ya haɗa da samfura. и . Suna da kasafin makamashi iri ɗaya na na'urar - 55 W. Ana iya rarraba wannan kasafin kuɗi a tsakanin tashoshi huɗu tare da ikon fitarwa har zuwa 15,4 W kowace tashar jiragen ruwa. Wadannan masu sauyawa suna da firmware iri ɗaya kamar TL-SG1218PE, bi da bi, kuma ayyuka iri ɗaya ne: saka idanu na cibiyar sadarwa, fifikon zirga-zirga, QoS, MTU VLAN.
Ana samun cikakken bayanin kewayon na'urar TP-Link PoE a .
source: www.habr.com