Akwai daruruwan labarai akan Intanet game da fa'idodin nazarin halayen abokin ciniki. Mafi sau da yawa wannan ya shafi bangaren kiri. Daga binciken kwandon abinci, nazarin ABC da XYZ zuwa tallan tallace-tallace da tallace-tallace na sirri. An yi amfani da fasaha daban-daban shekaru da yawa, an yi tunanin algorithms, an rubuta lambar kuma an cire shi - ɗauka kuma amfani da shi. A cikin yanayinmu, matsala guda ɗaya ta taso - mu a ISPsystem muna cikin haɓaka software, ba ciniki ba.
Sunana Denis kuma a halin yanzu ni ke da alhakin dawo da tsarin nazari a tsarin ISP. Kuma wannan shine labarin yadda ni da abokin aikina - waɗanda ke da alhakin hangen nesa na bayanai - sun yi ƙoƙarin duba samfuran software ɗin mu ta wannan ilimin. Bari mu fara, kamar yadda aka saba, da tarihi.
A farkon akwai wata kalma, kuma kalmar ita ce "Za mu gwada?"
A lokacin ina aiki a matsayin mai haɓakawa a sashen R&D. Hakan ya fara ne lokacin da Danil ya karanta a nan Habré - kayan aiki don nazarin canjin mai amfani a aikace-aikace. Na ɗan yi shakka game da ra'ayin amfani da shi a nan. A matsayin misalan, masu haɓaka ɗakin karatu sun buga nazarin aikace-aikace inda aka fayyace aikin da aka yi niyya a fili - sanya oda ko wani bambancin yadda ake biyan kamfani mai shi. Ana ba da samfuran mu akan-gida. Wato mai amfani da farko ya sayi lasisi, sannan kawai ya fara tafiya a cikin aikace-aikacen. Ee, muna da nau'ikan demo. Kuna iya gwada samfurin a can don kada ku sami alade a cikin poke.
Amma yawancin samfuranmu suna nufin kasuwan baƙi. Waɗannan manyan abokan ciniki ne, kuma sashen ci gaban kasuwanci yana ba su shawara kan iyawar samfur. Har ila yau, a lokacin sayan, abokan cinikinmu sun riga sun san matsalolin da software za su taimaka musu su magance. Hanyoyin su a cikin aikace-aikacen dole ne su yi daidai da CJM da aka saka a cikin samfurin, kuma mafita na UX zai taimaka musu su ci gaba da tafiya. Mai ɓarna: wannan ba koyaushe yake faruwa ba. An dage gabatarwar dakin karatu... amma ba dadewa ba.
Komai ya canza tare da sakin farkon mu - - dandamali don ƙirƙirar kantin sayar da kan layi daga asusun Instagram. A cikin wannan aikace-aikacen, an ba mai amfani wa'adin makonni biyu don amfani da duk ayyuka kyauta. Sannan dole ne ka yanke shawarar ko zaka yi rajista. Kuma wannan ya dace daidai da manufar "hanyar manufa". An yanke shawarar: bari mu gwada!
Sakamako na farko ko inda za a sami ra'ayoyi daga
Ƙungiyar ci gaba da ni sun haɗa samfurin zuwa tsarin tarin taron a zahiri a cikin rana ɗaya. Zan ce nan da nan cewa ISPsystem yana amfani da nasa tsarin don tattara abubuwan da suka faru game da ziyarar shafi, amma babu abin da ya hana ku yin amfani da Yandex.Metrica don dalilai guda ɗaya, wanda ke ba ku damar zazzage ɗanyen bayanai kyauta. An yi nazarin misalan amfani da ɗakin karatu, kuma bayan mako guda na tattara bayanai mun sami jadawali na canji.
jadawali canji. Aiki na asali, an cire wasu canje-canje don tsabta
Ya juya kamar a cikin misali: planar, bayyananne, kyakkyawa. Daga wannan jadawali, mun sami damar gano hanyoyin da suka fi yawan lokuta da mashigar ruwa inda mutane ke shafe tsawon lokaci. Wannan ya ba mu damar fahimtar abubuwa masu zuwa:
- Maimakon babban CJM, wanda ya ƙunshi ƙungiyoyi goma sha biyu, kawai ana amfani da su sosai. Ya zama dole a bugu da žari don jagorantar masu amfani zuwa wuraren da muke buƙata ta amfani da mafita na UX.
- Wasu shafuka, waɗanda masu zanen UX suka tsara don zama ƙarshen-zuwa-ƙarshe, sun ƙare tare da mutane suna ciyar da adadin lokaci marasa ma'ana akan su. Kuna buƙatar gano abin da abubuwan dakatarwa suke a kan takamaiman shafi kuma daidaita shi.
- Bayan 10 canje-canje, 20% na mutane sun fara gajiya kuma sun bar zaman a cikin aikace-aikacen. Kuma wannan yana la'akari da gaskiyar cewa muna da shafuka masu yawa kamar 5 a cikin aikace-aikacen! Kuna buƙatar gano shafukan da masu amfani ke barin zama akai-akai kuma su rage musu hanya. Har ma mafi kyau: gano duk wata hanya ta yau da kullun kuma ba da damar saurin sauyawa daga shafin tushe zuwa shafin makõma. Wani abu na gama-gari tare da nazarin ABC da bincike na katako da aka watsar, ba ku tunani?
Kuma a nan mun sake yin la'akari da halinmu game da dacewa da wannan kayan aiki don samfurori na kan layi. An yanke shawarar yin nazarin samfurin da aka sayar da kuma amfani da shi sosai - . Ya fi rikitarwa, akwai tsari na girma da yawa. Mun kasance muna jira don ganin yadda jadawalin canjin zai kasance.
Game da rashin jin daɗi da zaburarwa
Abin takaici #1
Ya kasance ƙarshen ranar aiki, ƙarshen wata da ƙarshen shekara a lokaci guda - 27 ga Disamba. An tattara bayanai, an rubuta tambayoyi. Ana saura dakika kadan kafin a fara sarrafa komai kuma za mu iya duba sakamakon aikin da muka yi domin sanin inda shekara mai zuwa za ta fara aiki. Sashen R&D, manajan samfur, masu zanen UX, jagorar ƙungiyar, masu haɓakawa sun taru a gaban mai saka idanu don ganin yadda hanyoyin masu amfani suke kama da samfuran su, amma… mun ga wannan:
Jadawalin canji wanda ɗakin karatu na Retentioneering ya gina
Wahayi #1
Haɗe mai ƙarfi, ƙungiyoyi da yawa, al'amuran da ba a bayyane suke ba. Ya bayyana kawai cewa sabuwar shekara ta aiki ba za ta fara da bincike ba, amma tare da ƙirƙira hanyar da za a sauƙaƙe aiki tare da irin wannan jadawali. Amma ba zan iya girgiza jin cewa komai ya fi sauƙi fiye da yadda ake gani ba. Kuma bayan mintuna goma sha biyar na nazarin lambar tushe na Retentioneering, mun sami damar fitar da jadawali da aka gina zuwa tsarin digo. Wannan ya ba da damar loda jadawali zuwa wani kayan aiki - Gephi. Kuma an riga an sami damar yin nazarin jadawali: shimfidu, masu tacewa, ƙididdiga - duk abin da za ku yi shi ne saita ma'auni masu mahimmanci a cikin dubawa. Da wannan tunanin, mun tashi zuwa karshen mako na Sabuwar Shekara.
Abin takaici #2
Bayan komawa aiki, sai ya zama cewa yayin da kowa ke hutawa, abokan cinikinmu suna nazarin samfurin. Ee, da wuya al'amura sun bayyana a cikin ma'ajiyar da ba ta wanzu a da. Wannan yana nufin cewa ana buƙatar sabunta tambayoyin.
Dan asali don fahimtar bakin cikin wannan gaskiyar. Muna watsa abubuwan biyun da muka yiwa alama (misali, danna wasu maɓalli) da URLs na shafukan da mai amfani ya ziyarta. A cikin yanayin Cartbee, samfurin "aiki ɗaya - shafi ɗaya" yayi aiki. Amma tare da VMmanager lamarin ya sha bamban sosai: windows da yawa na iya buɗewa akan shafi ɗaya. A cikinsu mai amfani zai iya magance matsaloli daban-daban. Misali, URL:
/host/item/24/ip(modal:modal/host/item/ip/create)
yana nufin cewa a shafin "Adireshin IP" mai amfani ya ƙara adireshin IP. Kuma a nan ana iya ganin matsaloli guda biyu lokaci guda:
- URL ɗin yana ƙunshe da wasu nau'ikan sigogin hanya - ID na injin kama-da-wane. Yana buƙatar cire shi.
- URL ɗin yana ƙunshe da ID ɗin tagar modal. Kuna buƙatar ko ta yaya "kwance" irin waɗannan URLs.
Wata matsala ita ce ainihin abubuwan da muka yi alama suna da sigogi. Misali, akwai hanyoyi daban-daban guda biyar don zuwa shafin tare da bayani game da injin kama-da-wane daga jerin. Saboda haka, an aika taron guda ɗaya, amma tare da siga wanda ke nuna hanyar da mai amfani ya yi sauyi. Akwai irin waɗannan abubuwan da yawa, kuma duk sigogi sun bambanta. Kuma muna da duk dabarun dawo da bayanai a cikin yaren SQL don Clickhouse. Tambayoyin layi 150-200 sun fara zama kamar ruwan dare gama gari. Matsaloli sun kewaye mu.
Wahayi #2
Wata safiya, Danil, cikin baƙin ciki yana gungurawa cikin buƙatar na minti na biyu, ya ba ni shawara: "Bari mu rubuta bututun sarrafa bayanai?" Mun yi tunani game da shi kuma muka yanke shawarar cewa idan za mu yi shi, zai zama wani abu kamar ETL. Ta yadda za ta tace nan da nan kuma ta ciro bayanan da suka dace daga wasu kafofin. Wannan shine yadda aka haifi sabis ɗin bincikenmu na farko tare da cikakken goyon baya. Yana aiwatar da manyan matakai guda biyar na sarrafa bayanai:
- Zazzage abubuwan da suka faru daga danyen bayanan da aka adana da shirya su don sarrafawa.
- Bayyanawa shine “kwancewa” na waɗancan masu gano manyan windows na modal, sigogin taron da sauran cikakkun bayanai waɗanda ke fayyace taron.
- Haɓakawa (daga kalmar "zama mai arziki") shine ƙari na abubuwan da suka faru tare da bayanai daga tushen ɓangare na uku. A lokacin, wannan ya haɗa da tsarin lissafin mu kawai BILLmanager.
- Tace hanya ce ta tace abubuwan da ke karkatar da sakamakon bincike (abubuwan da suka faru daga madaidaitan ciki, masu fita, da sauransu).
- Ana aikawa da abubuwan da suka faru a cikin ajiya, wanda muka kira bayanai mai tsabta.
Yanzu yana yiwuwa a kiyaye dacewa ta ƙara ƙa'idodi don sarrafa taron ko ma ƙungiyoyin abubuwan da suka faru. Misali, tun daga lokacin ba mu taɓa sabunta kayan aikin URL ba. Kodayake, a wannan lokacin an ƙara sabbin bambance-bambancen URL da yawa. Suna bin ƙa'idodin da aka riga aka tsara a cikin sabis ɗin kuma ana sarrafa su daidai.
Abin takaici #3
Da zarar mun fara nazari, mun fahimci dalilin da ya sa jadawali ya kasance daidai. Gaskiyar ita ce, kusan kowane N-gram ya ƙunshi canje-canje waɗanda ba za a iya aiwatar da su ta hanyar sadarwa ba.
An fara ɗan ƙaramin bincike. Na rikice cewa babu wani canji da ba zai yiwu ba a cikin mahalli guda. Wannan yana nufin cewa wannan ba bugu ba ne a cikin tsarin tarin taron ko sabis ɗin mu na ETL. Akwai jin cewa mai amfani yana aiki lokaci guda a cikin ƙungiyoyi da yawa, ba tare da motsawa daga ɗayan zuwa wani ba. Yadda za a cimma wannan? Yin amfani da shafuka daban-daban a cikin mai bincike.
Lokacin nazarin Cartbee, an cece mu ta ƙayyadaddun sa. Anyi amfani da aikace-aikacen daga na'urorin hannu, inda aiki daga shafuka da yawa ba su da daɗi. Anan muna da tebur kuma yayin da ake aiwatar da ɗawainiya a cikin mahalli ɗaya, yana da kyau a so a kashe wannan lokacin saitawa ko saka idanu akan matsayi a cikin wani. Kuma don kar a rasa ci gaba, kawai buɗe wani shafin.
Wahayi #3
Abokan aiki daga ci gaban gaba-gaba sun koyar da tsarin tarin taron don bambanta tsakanin shafuka. Ana iya farawa bincike. Kuma muka fara. Kamar yadda aka zata, CJM bai dace da ainihin hanyoyi ba: masu amfani sun ɓata lokaci mai yawa akan shafukan shugabanci, zaman da aka watsar da shafuka a mafi yawan wuraren da ba a zata ba. Yin amfani da bincike na canji, mun sami damar samun matsaloli a wasu gine-ginen Mozilla. A cikinsu, saboda fasalulluka na aiwatarwa, abubuwan kewayawa sun ɓace ko an nuna rabin shafukan da ba komai ba, waɗanda yakamata su kasance masu isa ga mai gudanarwa kawai. An buɗe shafin, amma babu wani abun ciki da ya fito daga bangon baya. Ƙididdigar canje-canje ya ba da damar kimanta abubuwan da aka yi amfani da su. Sarƙoƙi sun ba da damar fahimtar yadda mai amfani ya karɓi wannan ko wancan kuskure. Bayanan da aka ba da izini don gwaji bisa ɗabi'ar mai amfani. An yi nasara, ra'ayin bai kasance a banza ba.
Na'urar bincike ta atomatik
A ɗaya daga cikin nunin sakamako, mun nuna yadda ake amfani da Gephi don nazarin jadawali. A cikin wannan kayan aiki, za a iya nuna bayanan tuba a cikin tebur. Kuma shugaban sashen UX ya ce wani muhimmin tunani mai mahimmanci wanda ya shafi ci gaba da tsarin nazarin halaye a cikin kamfanin: "Bari mu yi haka, amma a cikin Tableau da masu tacewa - zai fi dacewa."
Sai na yi tunani: me ya sa, Retentioneering yana adana duk bayanai a cikin pandas.DataFrame tsarin. Kuma wannan shi ne, gaba ɗaya, tebur. Wannan shine yadda wani sabis ɗin ya bayyana: Mai ba da bayanai. Ba wai kawai ya yi tebur daga jadawali ba, amma kuma ya ƙididdige yadda shaharar shafin da ayyukan da ke tattare da shi suke, yadda yake shafar riƙe mai amfani, tsawon lokacin da masu amfani ke tsayawa akansa, da waɗanne shafuka masu amfani ke barin galibi. Kuma yin amfani da hangen nesa a cikin Tableau ya rage farashin nazarin jadawali sosai har lokacin da ake yin nazarin ɗabi'a a cikin samfurin ya kusan raguwa.
Danil zai yi magana game da yadda ake amfani da wannan hangen nesa da abin da ya yanke shawarar zana.
Ƙarin teburi don allahn tebur!
A cikin sauƙi mai sauƙi, an tsara aikin kamar haka: Nuna jadawali a cikin Tableau, samar da ikon tacewa, da kuma sanya shi a fili da dacewa kamar yadda zai yiwu.
Ba na so a zana jadawali a cikin Tableau. Kuma ko da an yi nasara, ribar, idan aka kwatanta da Gephi, ba ta zama a bayyane ba. Muna buƙatar wani abu mafi sauƙi kuma mafi sauƙi. Tebur! Bayan haka, za'a iya wakilta jadawali cikin sauƙi a cikin nau'i na layuka na tebur, inda kowane layi ya kasance gefen nau'in "masoya-masoyi". Bugu da ƙari, mun riga mun shirya irin wannan tebur a hankali ta amfani da Retentioneering da kayan aikin Mai ba da bayanai. Abin da ya rage shi ne a nuna tebur a cikin Tableau da kuma yin rahoton rahoton.
Magana akan yadda kowa ke son tebur.
Duk da haka, a nan mun fuskanci wata matsala. Me za a yi da tushen bayanan? Ba shi yiwuwa a haɗa pandas.DataFrame; Tableau ba shi da irin wannan haɗin. Ƙirar wani tushe daban don adana jadawali ya yi kama da tsattsauran ra'ayi tare da fa'ida mara kyau. Kuma zaɓuɓɓukan sauke kaya na gida ba su dace ba saboda buƙatar gudanar da ayyukan hannu akai-akai. Mun duba cikin jerin masu haɗin da ke akwai, kuma kallonmu ya faɗi akan abu , wanda ya yi runguma a ƙasa.
Tableau yana da wadataccen zaɓi na masu haɗawa. Mun sami wanda ya warware mana matsalar
Wane irin dabba? Wasu sabbin shafuka masu buɗewa a cikin mai binciken - kuma ya bayyana a fili cewa wannan mai haɗin yana ba ku damar karɓar bayanai lokacin shiga URL. Ƙididdiga don ƙididdige bayanan da kanta ya kusan shirya, duk abin da ya rage shine don yin abokantaka da WDC. Kwanaki Denis ya yi nazarin takardun kuma ya yi yaƙi da hanyoyin Tableau, sa'an nan kuma ya aiko mani da hanyar haɗi wanda na liƙa a cikin taga haɗin.
Fom ɗin haɗi zuwa WDC ɗin mu. Denis ya yi gabansa kuma ya kula da aminci
Bayan 'yan mintuna kaɗan na jira (ana ƙididdige bayanan da ƙarfi lokacin da aka buƙata), tebur ya bayyana:
Wannan shi ne abin da ɗanyen bayanai ke kama da shi a cikin masarrafar Taɓalli
Kamar yadda aka yi alkawari, kowane jeri na irin wannan tebur yana wakiltar gefen jadawali, wato, canjin mai amfani. Hakanan ya ƙunshi ƙarin halaye da yawa. Misali, adadin masu amfani na musamman, jimlar adadin canji, da sauransu.
Zai yiwu a nuna wannan tebur a cikin rahoton kamar yadda yake, da karimci yayyafa matattara kuma aika kayan aikin jirgin ruwa. Sauti mai ma'ana. Me za ku iya yi da tebur? Amma wannan ba hanyarmu ba ce, saboda muna yin ba kawai tebur ba, amma kayan aiki don bincike da yanke shawarar samfurin.
Yawanci, lokacin nazarin bayanai, mutum yana son samun amsoshin tambayoyi. Mai girma. Bari mu fara da su.
- Wadanne canje-canje ne suka fi yawa?
- Ina suke zuwa daga takamaiman shafuka?
- Yaya tsawon lokacin da kuke ciyarwa akan matsakaici a wannan shafin kafin barin?
- Sau nawa kuke yin sauyi daga A zuwa B?
- A waɗanne shafuka ne zaman ya ƙare?
Kowane rahoton ko haɗin su ya kamata ya ba mai amfani damar samun amsoshin waɗannan tambayoyin da kansa. Makullin dabarar anan ita ce ba ku kayan aikin da za ku yi da kanku. Wannan yana da amfani duka don rage nauyi a kan sashen nazari da kuma rage lokacin yanke shawara - bayan haka, ba kwa buƙatar zuwa Youtrack kuma ƙirƙirar ɗawainiya ga manazarci, kawai kuna buƙatar buɗe rahoton.
Me muka samu?
A ina mutane suka fi bambanta daga dashboard?
Gashin rahoton mu. Bayan dashboard, kowa ya tafi ko dai zuwa jerin VMs ko kuma zuwa jerin nodes
Bari mu ɗauki tebur na gaba ɗaya tare da canji kuma a tace ta shafin tushe. Mafi sau da yawa, suna tafiya daga dashboard zuwa jerin injunan kama-da-wane. Bugu da ƙari, ginshiƙi na Ka'ida yana nuna cewa wannan aikin maimaitawa ne.
A ina suka zo daga jerin tagulla?
Tace a cikin rahotanni suna aiki a bangarorin biyu: zaku iya gano inda kuka tashi, ko inda kuka tafi
Daga misalan ya bayyana a sarari cewa ko da kasancewar matattara masu sauƙi guda biyu da layukan martaba ta dabi'u suna ba ku damar samun bayanai da sauri.
Bari mu tambayi wani abu mafi wuya.
A ina masu amfani suka fi barin zaman su?
Masu amfani da VMmanager galibi suna aiki a shafuka daban-daban
Don yin wannan, muna buƙatar rahoton wanda aka tattara bayanansa ta hanyar maɓuɓɓuka masu zuwa. Kuma abubuwan da ake kira breakepoints an ɗauke su azaman ayyuka - abubuwan da suka yi aiki a matsayin ƙarshen jerin canje-canje.
Yana da mahimmanci a lura a nan cewa wannan na iya zama ko dai ƙarshen zaman ko buɗe sabon shafin. Misalin ya nuna cewa sarkar galibi tana ƙarewa a tebur tare da jerin injunan kama-da-wane. A wannan yanayin, halayen halayen yana canzawa zuwa wani shafin, wanda ya dace da tsarin da ake tsammani.
Da farko mun gwada fa'idar waɗannan rahotanni a kan kanmu lokacin da muka gudanar da bincike ta irin wannan hanya , wani samfurin mu. Da zuwan teburi da masu tacewa, an gwada hasashen da sauri, kuma idanu sun kasa gajiya.
Lokacin haɓaka rahotanni, ba mu manta game da ƙirar gani ba. Lokacin aiki tare da tebur na wannan girman, wannan muhimmin abu ne. Misali, mun yi amfani da launuka masu natsuwa, masu sauƙin fahimta don lambobi, alamar launi na layi daidai da ƙimar lambobi na halaye. Irin waɗannan cikakkun bayanai suna haɓaka ƙwarewar mai amfani kuma suna ƙara yuwuwar kayan aiki ya tashi cikin nasara a cikin kamfanin.
Teburin ya zama mai girma sosai, amma muna fatan bai daina karantawa ba
Yana da daraja ambaton dabam game da horar da abokan cinikinmu na ciki: ƙwararrun samfura da masu zanen UX. Littattafai tare da misalan bincike da shawarwari don aiki tare da masu tacewa an shirya musu musamman. Mun shigar da hanyoyin haɗi zuwa litattafai kai tsaye a cikin shafukan rahoton.
Mun yi littafin a sauƙaƙe a matsayin gabatarwa a cikin Google Docs. Kayan aikin Tableau suna ba ka damar nuna shafukan yanar gizo kai tsaye a cikin littafin aikin rahoto.
Maimakon kalmomin bayanan
Me ke cikin layin kasa? Mun sami damar samun kayan aiki don kowace rana cikin sauri da arha. Ee, wannan ba shakka ba shine maye gurbin jadawali ba, taswirar zafi na dannawa ko mai duba gidan yanar gizo. Amma irin waɗannan rahotanni sun cika kayan aikin da aka jera kuma suna ba da abinci don tunani da sabon samfuri da hasashen mu'amala.
Wannan labarin ya yi aiki ne kawai a matsayin farkon don ci gaban nazari a cikin tsarin ISP. A cikin watanni shida da suka gabata, ƙarin sabbin ayyuka bakwai sun bayyana, gami da hotunan dijital na mai amfani a cikin samfurin da sabis don ƙirƙirar bayanan bayanai don niyya mai kama da kama, amma za mu yi magana game da su a cikin sashe masu zuwa.
source: www.habr.com