Barka da yamma, masoyi mazaunan Khabrovsk, abokai da abokai. A matsayin gabatarwa, Ina so in yi magana game da aiwatar da wani aiki mai ban sha'awa, ko kuma, kamar yadda yake a yanzu gaye, wani lamari mai ban sha'awa game da ƙaddamar da kayan aikin VDI. Ya zama kamar akwai labarai da yawa akan VDI, akwai mataki-mataki-mataki, da kwatancen masu fafatawa kai tsaye, da sake mataki-mataki, da sake kwatancen hanyoyin magance gasa. Da alama za a iya ba da wani sabon abu?
Kuma abin da yake sabon abu, wanda yawancin labaran ba su da shi, shine bayanin tasirin tattalin arziki na aiwatarwa, lissafin farashin ikon mallakar zaɓin da aka zaɓa, da abin da ya fi ban sha'awa - kwatanta farashin mallaki tare da irin wannan mafita. . A wannan yanayin, dangane da taken labarin, mahimmin kalma mai arha: me ake nufi? Ɗaya daga cikin abokan aiki na, abokai da abokai a farkon shekara yana da aikin aiwatar da VDI tare da mafi ƙarancin adadin "windows", wato hypervisor kyauta, tebur na Linux, bayanan kyauta da sauran hanyoyin da za a rage farashi tare da "mafi so" Microsoft.
Me yasa tare da "ƙananan windows"? Anan zan ja da baya daga karin ruwaya kuma in bayyana dalilin da yasa nake sha'awar bayyana wannan batu. Abokina, wanda na taimaka wajen tura aikin, yana aiki a matsakaicin kamfani mai ma'aikata fiye da mutane 500, ba dukkanin software ba ne na doka, amma ana gudanar da aikin ingantawa, yawancin Front-end. An daidaita tsarin bayanai don WEB, Ina cikin yanayi mai kyau har sai wata rana mai kyau Mai tara “mai sarrafa kansa” na Microsoft da aka sanya wa kamfani bai zo ya fara ba, a’a, ba bayarwa, ba don tambaya ba, amma don buƙatar gaggawar hakan. duk abin da za a tilasta wa doka, yin shawarwari da yawa game da mafita da aka yi amfani da su bisa buɗaɗɗen maɓuɓɓuka da fitar da manema labarai. Ya yi kama da cewa kamfanin ba ya adawa da shi, amma wannan mahimmanci da kutsawa, wanda ke da alaƙa da barazanar, ya haifar da tsare-tsare na dogon lokaci don sauya shigo da kayayyaki don rage amfani da samfuran MS da haɓaka kulawa a cikin OpenSource. Baƙon waje bazai yarda da gaske cikin yanayin da aka kwatanta tare da wakilin giant ɗin software ba, amma a lokaci ɗaya an sake maimaita irin wannan yanayin 1 akan 1 tare da matsin lamba daga ma'aikacin Microsoft da kaina tare da ni.
A gefe guda kuma, wannan wani ƙarin tsokaci ne na sake fasalin dabarun haɓaka sashen IT don haɓaka amfani da samfuran software da aka biya. Bugu da ƙari, yanayin shigar da hanyoyin OpenSource don kasuwanci yana samun girma sosai; an yi tattaunawa kan wannan batu a taron IT AXIS 0219 kuma nunin da ke ƙasa ya tabbatar da hakan.
Don haka, ƙungiyar da ke sama ta kafa manufa: don hanzarta kammala lasisin samfuran MS, yayin aiwatarwa da amfani da hanyoyin OpenSource gwargwadon yiwuwa. Don samun damar mai amfani, an yanke shawarar canzawa daga “tashar” da Windows VDI gaba ɗaya zuwa Linux VDI. Zaɓin Citrix VDI ya kasance saboda ƙananan ma'aikatan gudanarwa, babban adadin rassan da sauƙi na ƙaddamar da ƙira da samfurin da aka riga aka saya.
Kuma a cikin ɓangaren farko na labarin, Ina so in tsaya kan ƙididdige TCO na mallakar kayan aikin Linux VDI da zabar mafita dangane da Citrix Virtual Apps da Desktops bayani a cikin jama'a XenDesktop da tsohuwar XenServer, kodayake yanzu yana ana kiranta Citrix Hypervisor (oh, wannan rebranding, canza sunan kusan dukkanin layin samfurin) kuma, daidai da haka, kwamfutocin Linux. Ya zama kamar kowa ya san da kyau cewa VDI/APP synergy shine haɗuwa da amfani da Vmware a matsayin hypervisor, Citrix a matsayin mai kula da isar da aikace-aikacen da Microsoft a matsayin OS na baki. Amma idan kuna buƙatar fasaha iri ɗaya, amma tare da ƙananan farashi? To, bari mu yi lissafi:
A farkon, zan yi magana game da yanayin DO, sannan abin da yake "daraja" don canzawa zuwa sabon dandamali.
Don sauƙi da amincin hoton, bari mu yi la'akari da ɓangaren software kawai, kamar yadda kayan aikin sun riga sun wanzu kuma sun yi aikin sa.
Don haka, a farkon akwai ... akwai kyakkyawan tsarin ajiya na EMC, kwandon Blade na HP c7000 da 7 G8 sabobin a cikin rawar VDI mai mahimmanci. Sabar ɗin sun shigar da Windows Server 2012R2 tare da rawar Hyper-V kuma sun yi amfani da SCVMM. An tura dandamalin VDI da aka siya dangane da XenDesktop 7.18, kuma an tura gonakin tasha da yawa. Sanin yanayin da buƙatar lasisi mai yawa na software, bari mu kwatanta farashin ƙaddamar da Linux VDI da cikakkiyar maɓalli na juyawa bisa Microsoft. An yanke shawarar aiwatar da canja wurin ci gaba, a matakin farko, rassan kamfanin ya shafa, mataki na biyu ya hada da mika sauran ayyukan zuwa hukumar tsaro ta farar hula.
Tashar tashar tasha galibi tana gudana 1C; kwamfutoci na VDI suna gudanar da daidaitattun ofis, wasiku, fayiloli, da Intanet (babban aikinsu shine karantawa da bugu na musamman).
Sanin jerin software da ake buƙata, bari mu ƙididdige jimlar kuɗin mallakar mafita daga Microsoft.
Windows Server:
Dangane da buƙatun lasisi na Microsoft, dole ne a cika waɗannan sharuɗɗan:
- Dole ne a ba da lasisin duk maɓallan zahiri a cikin uwar garken.
- Mafi ƙarancin fakitin lasisi 2-core kowane sabar shine guda 8. (ko lasisi guda 16-core).
- Mafi ƙarancin fakitin lasisin sarrafawa 2-core shine inji mai kwakwalwa 4. (An kunna wannan doka idan adadin masu sarrafawa ya wuce biyu).
- Daidaitaccen fakitin lasisi yana ba da haƙƙin amfani da zahiri guda ɗaya da misalan kama-da-wane na Windows Server akan sabar ɗaya.
- Kunshin lasisin Datacenter yana ba da haƙƙin amfani da zahiri ɗaya da kowane adadin kama-da-wane na Windows Server akan sabar ɗaya.
Ya bayyana cewa idan kuna buƙatar shigar da fiye da nau'ikan kama-da-wane 13 na Windows Server da wuraren aiki na Windows akan sabar, to yana da yuwuwar tattalin arziki don siyan bugu na Datacenter, wanda zamu yi la'akari da shi.
Windows 10 VDI:
Dangane da manufar lasisin Microsoft, samun damar yin amfani da kwamfutoci masu kama-da-wane tare da abokin ciniki OS dole ne a aiwatar da shi daga na'urar da ke da ingantacciyar biyan kuɗin Microsoft VDA (Virtual Desktop Access), ban da kwamfutoci da Software Assurance ke rufewa. A cikin yanayinmu, muna buƙatar siye da sabunta biyan kuɗi kowace shekara don lasisin DVA 300.
"Ina siyan software na VDI daga VMware / Citrix / wani mai siyarwa.
Shin har yanzu ina buƙatar Windows VDA? Ee. Idan kana samun dama ga abokin ciniki na Windows OS azaman tsarin aikin baƙonka a cikin cibiyar bayanai daga kowace na'urar da ba SA ba (ciki har da abokan ciniki na bakin ciki, iPads, da sauransu), Windows VDA ita ce motar lasisi da ta dace ba tare da la'akari da mai siyar da software na VDI da kuka zaɓa ba. Yanayin kawai inda ba za ku buƙaci Windows VDA ba shine idan kuna amfani da kwamfutoci da aka rufe ƙarƙashin Tabbacin Software azaman na'urorin shiga, tunda an haɗa haƙƙoƙin samun dama ga tebur a matsayin fa'idar SA.
SCVMM:
Cibiyar sarrafa injina mai kama-da-wane tsarin tsarin sarrafa kayayyakin more rayuwa an haɗa shi tare da Cibiyar Tsarin Microsoft kuma ba a kawo shi azaman samfur na dabam. Babu buƙatar tattauna wannan hanya; abin da muke da shi shine abin da muke da shi.
Yin la'akari da buƙatun lasisi:
- "Kuna buƙatar lasisi duk abubuwan da ke cikin uwar garken.
- Mafi ƙarancin fakitin lasisi 2-core kowane sabar shine guda 8. (ko lasisi guda 16-core).
- Mafi ƙarancin fakitin lasisin sarrafawa 2-core shine inji mai kwakwalwa 4. (An kunna wannan doka idan adadin masu sarrafawa ya wuce biyu).
- Kunshin lasisin daidaitaccen tsari yana ba da haƙƙin sarrafa tsarin aiki na zahiri guda ɗaya da na kama-da-wane akan sabar ɗaya.
- Kunshin lasisin Datacenter yana ba da haƙƙin sarrafa jiki ɗaya da kowane adadin OSes mai kama da sabar guda ɗaya."
Farashin da aka nuna shine jerin farashin, ba shakka, tare da irin wannan ƙarar ragi yana yiwuwa, amma sabanin farashin GLP na Cisco ko Lenovo, manta game da ragi na 50 ko 70%. Dangane da ƙwarewar hulɗa da MS, yana da wuya a ga fiye da 5%. Ya bayyana cewa kawai a cikin shekara ta farko kudin mallakar zai zama fiye da miliyan 5 rubles, a cikin shekaru 3 farashin mallakar zai kasance ~ 9 miliyan rubles. Adadin ba karami bane, amma ga kamfani mai matsakaicin girma zan ce yana da girma. Ya bayyana cewa daga ra'ayi na tattalin arziki, mafita ba ta zama mai sauƙi ba.
Duba gaba, zan ce bayan kirga mafita don wannan aikin, gudanarwa ta yanke shawara mai kyau lokacin amincewa da shi.
Kasa line:
Sakamakon haka, tarin software ya zama kamar haka: Citrix Hypervisor, Linux Guest OS, Citrix Virtual Desktops ne ke sarrafa komai. Ajiye mintuna 3. shafa a kowace shekara yana da mahimmanci. Shin yana da sauƙi aiwatar da wannan aikin? A'a! Wannan shine maganin irin wannan maganin? A'a! Amma akwai shakka akwai daki don cikakken la'akari da yiwuwar aiwatar da VDI na tushen Citrix tare da tsarin baƙi na Linux. Tabbas, akwai rashin amfani, kuma ba ƙananan ba; Zan yi magana game da su dalla-dalla a cikin kashi na biyu, wanda zai zama cikakken mataki-mataki na bayanin bayani.
A ƙarshe, ina so in faɗi cewa ba na yin kamar ni ne na ƙarshe ba, amma shari'ar kanta da aikin sun kasance masu ban sha'awa sosai.
Na gode da kulawar ku, anjima)
source: www.habr.com