VPS mara tsada galibi yana nufin injin kama-da-wane da ke gudana akan GNU/Linux. A yau za mu bincika ko akwai rayuwa a Mars Windows: jerin gwaje-gwajen sun haɗa da tayin kasafin kuɗi daga masu samar da gida da na waje.
Sabar sabar da ke tafiyar da tsarin sarrafa Windows na kasuwanci yawanci tsada fiye da na'urorin Linux saboda buƙatar kuɗaɗen lasisi da ɗan ƙaramin buƙatu don ikon sarrafa kwamfuta. Don ayyukan da ke da ƙaramin kaya, muna buƙatar mafita ta Windows mai arha: masu haɓakawa galibi dole ne su ƙirƙira abubuwan more rayuwa don aikace-aikacen gwaji, kuma ɗaukar sabar mai ƙarfi ko kwazo don waɗannan dalilai yana da tsada sosai. A matsakaita, VPS a cikin ƙaramin tsari yana kashe kusan 500 rubles a kowane wata kuma ƙari, amma mun sami zaɓuɓɓuka akan kasuwa don ƙasa da 200 rubles. Yana da wuya a yi tsammanin abubuwan al'ajabi daga irin waɗannan sabar masu arha, amma yana da ban sha'awa don gwada ƙarfin su. Kamar yadda ya fito, ’yan takarar gwaji ba su da sauƙi a samu.
Zaɓuɓɓukan nema
A kallo na farko, sabar masu rahusa mai rahusa tare da Windows sun wadatar sosai, amma da zarar kun isa ga ƙoƙarin yin odar su, matsaloli suna tasowa nan da nan. Mun duba kusan shawarwarin dozin biyu kuma mun sami damar zaɓar guda 5 kawai daga cikinsu: sauran sun kasance ba su dace da kasafin kuɗi ba. Zaɓin da ya fi kowa shine lokacin da mai bada ya yi iƙirarin dacewa da Windows, amma bai haɗa da farashin hayar lasisin OS a cikin tsare-tsaren jadawalin kuɗin fito ba kuma kawai ya shigar da sigar gwaji akan sabar. Yana da kyau cewa idan an lura da wannan gaskiyar akan rukunin yanar gizon, masu ba da izini sau da yawa ba sa mai da hankali kan sa. An ba da shawarar ko dai ku sayi lasisi da kanku ko ku yi hayar su a farashi mai ban sha'awa - daga ɗaruruwan ɗari zuwa kamar dubun rubles a wata. Tattaunawa ta yau da kullun tare da tallafin mai masaukin baki yayi kama da haka:
Wannan tsarin yana da fahimta, amma buƙatar siyan lasisi da kansa kuma kunna gwaji Windows Server yana hana ra'ayin kowane ma'ana. Kudin hayar software, wanda ya zarce farashin VPS da kansa, shima baya kallon jaraba, musamman tunda a cikin karni na XNUMXst mun saba karbar uwar garken da aka shirya tare da kwafin tsarin aiki na doka nan da nan bayan wasu biyu. dannawa a cikin keɓaɓɓen asusun ku kuma ba tare da ƙarin ayyuka masu tsada ba. A sakamakon haka, kusan dukkanin masu ba da izini an watsar da su, kuma kamfanoni masu gaskiya na VPS masu ƙarancin farashi akan Windows sun shiga cikin "tseren": Zomro, Ultravds, Bigd.host, Ruvds da sabis na Inoventica. Daga cikinsu akwai na gida da na waje da ke da tallafin fasaha na harshen Rashanci. Irin wannan iyakance yana da kyau a gare mu: idan goyon baya a cikin Rasha ba shi da mahimmanci ga abokin ciniki, yana da zaɓuɓɓuka da yawa, ciki har da manyan masana'antu.
Tsari da farashi
Don gwaji, mun ɗauki mafi ƙarancin zaɓuɓɓukan VPS akan Windows daga masu samarwa da yawa kuma mun yi ƙoƙarin kwatanta daidaitawar su ta la'akari da farashin. Yana da kyau a sani cewa babban tsarin kasafin kuɗi ya haɗa da injunan sarrafawa guda ɗaya ba tare da mafi girman CPUs ba, 1 GB ko 512 MB na RAM da rumbun kwamfutarka (HDD/SSD) na 10, 20 ko 30 GB. Biyan kuɗi na wata-wata kuma ya haɗa da shigar da Windows Server wanda aka riga aka shigar, yawanci nau'in 2003, 2008 ko 2012 - wannan yana yiwuwa saboda buƙatun tsarin da manufofin lasisi na Microsoft. Koyaya, wasu masu ba da izini suna ba da tsarin tsofaffin nau'ikan.
Dangane da farashin, an ƙaddara jagora nan da nan: VPS mafi arha akan Windows yana bayarwa ta Ultravds. Idan an biya kowane wata, mai amfani zai biya 120 rubles ciki har da VAT, kuma idan an biya shi tsawon shekara guda ɗaya - 1152 rubles (96 rubles a kowace wata). Yana da arha ba don komai ba, amma a lokaci guda mai masaukin ba ya ware yawan ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya - 512 MB kawai, kuma injin baƙo zai gudanar da Windows Server 2003 ko Windows Server Core 2019. Zaɓin ƙarshe shine mafi ban sha'awa: don maras muhimmanci. kudi yana ba ku damar samun uwar garken kama-da-wane tare da sabuwar sigar OS, kodayake ba tare da yanayin hoto ba - a ƙasa za mu duba shi dalla-dalla. Mun sami tayin ayyukan Ruvds da Inoventica ba ƙaramin ban sha'awa bane: kodayake sun fi tsada kusan sau uku, zaku iya samun injin kama-da-wane tare da sabuwar sigar Windows Server.
Zomro
Ultravds
Bigd.host
Ruvds
Ayyukan Inoventica
Tsarin jadawalin kuɗin fito
VPS/VDS "Micro"
UltraLite
StartWin
Lissafin Kuɗi
1/3/6/12 watanni
Shekarar wata
1/3/6/12 watanni
Shekarar wata
Sa'a
Gwajin kyauta
Babu
1 mako
Ranar 1
Kwanakin 3
Babu
Farashin kowane wata
$2,97
120
362
366
₽325+₽99 don ƙirƙirar uwar garken
Farashin da aka rangwame idan ana biya duk shekara (a wata)
$ 31,58 ($ 2,63)
1152 96 (€ XNUMX)
3040,8 253,4 (€ XNUMX)
3516 293 (€ XNUMX)
babu
CPU
1
1 * 2,2 GHz
1 * 2,3 GHz
1 * 2,2 GHz
1
RAM
1 GB
512 MB
1 GB
1 GB
1 GB
faifai
20GB (SSD)
10 GB (HDD)
20 GB (HDD)
20 GB (HDD)
30 GB (HDD)
IPv4
1
1
1
1
1
OS
Windows Server 2008/2012
Windows Server 2003 ko Windows Server Core 2019
Windows Server 2003/2012
Windows Server 2003/2012/2016/2019
Windows Server 2008/2012/2016/2019
Farkon ra'ayi
Babu takamaiman matsaloli tare da yin odar sabar sabar akan gidajen yanar gizon masu samarwa - duk an yi su cikin dacewa da ergonomically. Tare da Zomro kuna buƙatar shigar da captcha daga Google don shiga, yana ɗan ban haushi. Bugu da kari, Zomro ba shi da goyon bayan fasaha ta wayar (ana bayar da ita kawai ta hanyar tsarin tikiti 24*7). Har ila yau, ina so in lura da asusun sirri mai sauƙi kuma mai fahimta na Ultravds, kyakkyawar ƙirar zamani tare da raye-raye na Bigd.host (ya dace sosai don amfani da na'urar hannu) da ikon daidaita bangon bango na waje ga abokin ciniki VDS. da Ruvds. Bugu da kari, kowane mai bayarwa yana da nasa tsarin ƙarin ayyuka (ajiyayyen, ajiya, kariyar DDoS, da sauransu) waɗanda ba mu fahimce su ba. Gabaɗaya, ra'ayi yana da kyau: a baya mun yi aiki kawai tare da ƙwararrun masana'antu, waɗanda ke da ƙarin ayyuka, amma tsarin gudanarwar su ya fi rikitarwa.
Gwaje-gwaje
Babu wata ma'ana a gudanar da gwajin lodi mai tsada saboda yawan adadin mahalarta da madaidaicin daidaitawa. Anan ya fi dacewa don iyakance kanku ga shahararrun gwaje-gwajen roba da kuma duban iyawar hanyar sadarwa - wannan ya isa ga kwatancen VPS.
Mai da martani ta hanyar sadarwa
Yana da wuya a yi tsammanin zazzage shirye-shirye nan take da saurin amsawa na ƙirar hoto daga injunan kama-da-wane a cikin ƙaramin tsari. Koyaya, don uwar garken, jin daɗin haɗin yanar gizon ya yi nisa daga mafi mahimmancin ma'auni, kuma idan aka ba da ƙarancin farashi na sabis, dole ne ku jure da jinkiri. Ana iya lura da su musamman akan jeri tare da 512 MB na RAM. Har ila yau, ya juya cewa babu wata ma'ana a yin amfani da nau'in OS wanda ya girmi Windows Server 2012 akan injunan sarrafawa guda ɗaya tare da gigabyte na RAM: zai yi aiki a hankali da baƙin ciki, amma wannan shine ra'ayin mu.
Dangane da bayanan gabaɗaya, zaɓi tare da Windows Server Core 2019 daga Ultravds ya fito da kyau (musamman a farashi). Rashin cikakken tebur mai hoto mai mahimmanci yana rage buƙatun don albarkatun ƙididdigewa: samun dama ga uwar garken yana yiwuwa ta hanyar RDP ko ta WinRM, kuma yanayin layin umarni yana ba ku damar aiwatar da duk wani aikin da ya dace, gami da ƙaddamar da shirye-shirye tare da ƙirar hoto. Ba duk admins ne ake amfani da su don aiki tare da na'ura wasan bidiyo ba, amma wannan kyakkyawan sulhu ne: ba dole ba ne abokin ciniki ya yi amfani da tsohuwar sigar OS akan kayan masarufi masu rauni, ta haka ana warware matsalolin dacewa da software.
Teburin yana kama da kyan gani, amma idan ana so, zaku iya keɓance shi kaɗan ta hanyar shigar da sashin Sabar Core App Compatibility Feature on Demand (FOD). Zai fi kyau kada ku yi haka, saboda nan da nan za ku rasa adadin RAM da yawa ban da abin da tsarin ya riga ya yi amfani da shi - game da 200 MB daga cikin 512 da ake samu. Bayan haka, kawai kuna iya gudanar da wasu shirye-shirye masu nauyi akan uwar garken, amma ba kwa buƙatar juya shi zuwa cikakkiyar tebur: bayan haka, tsarin Windows Server Core an yi niyya don gudanar da nesa ta hanyar Cibiyar Admin da damar RDP. zuwa injin aiki ya kamata a kashe.
Zai fi kyau a yi shi daban: yi amfani da gajeriyar hanyar keyboard "CTRL + SHIFT + ESC" don kiran Task Manager, sannan kaddamar da Powershell daga gare ta (kayan shigarwa kuma ya haɗa da tsohuwar cmd mai kyau, amma yana da ƙarancin ƙarfi). Bayan haka, ta amfani da umarni guda biyu, an ƙirƙiri albarkatun hanyar sadarwa da aka raba, inda ake loda abubuwan da suka dace:
New-Item -Path 'C:ShareFiles' -ItemType Directory
New-SmbShare -Path 'C:ShareFiles' -FullAccess Administrator -Name ShareFilesLokacin shigarwa da ƙaddamar da software na uwar garke, wasu lokuta matsaloli suna tasowa saboda raguwar tsarin aiki. A matsayinka na mai mulki, ana iya shawo kan su kuma, watakila, wannan shine kawai zaɓi lokacin da Windows Server 2019 yayi aiki da kyau akan injin kama-da-wane tare da 512 MB na RAM.
Gwajin roba GeekBench 4
A yau, wannan shine ɗayan mafi kyawun abubuwan amfani don bincika ƙarfin kwamfuta na kwamfutocin Windows. Gabaɗaya, tana gudanar da gwaje-gwaje fiye da dozin biyu, waɗanda aka kasu zuwa rukuni huɗu: Cryptography, Integer, Floating Point da Memory. Shirin yana amfani da algorithms na matsawa daban-daban, gwaje-gwaje suna aiki tare da JPEG da SQLite, da kuma fassarar HTML. Kwanan nan nau'in GeekBench na biyar ya zama samuwa, amma mutane da yawa ba sa son babban canji a cikin algorithms a ciki, don haka mun yanke shawarar amfani da tabbataccen guda huɗu. Ko da yake GeekBench ana iya kiransa mafi cikakkiyar gwajin roba don tsarin aiki na Microsoft, bai shafi tsarin faifai ba - dole ne a bincika shi daban. Don haske, an taƙaita duk sakamakon a cikin zane na gaba ɗaya.
An shigar da Windows Server 2012R2 akan duk injuna (sai dai UltraLite daga Ultravds - yana da Windows Server Core 2019 tare da Siffofin Compatibility App na Server akan Bukatar), kuma sakamakon yana kusa da tsammanin kuma yayi daidai da jeri da aka ayyana ta masu samarwa. Tabbas, gwajin roba ba tukuna mai nuni bane. Ƙarƙashin nauyin aiki na gaske, uwar garken na iya yin hali gaba ɗaya daban-daban, kuma da yawa ya dogara da nauyin nauyin mai masaukin jiki wanda tsarin baƙon abokin ciniki zai ƙare. Anan yana da kyau a duba Matsakaicin Tushen da Matsakaicin ƙimar da Geekbench ke bayarwa:
Zomro
Ultravds
Bigd.host
Ruvds
Ayyukan Inoventica
Fassara Basan
2,13 GHz
4,39 GHz
4,56 GHz
4,39 GHz
5,37 GHz
Matsakaicin Mita
2,24 GHz
2,19 GHz
2,38 GHz
2,2 GHz
2,94 GHz
A kan kwamfuta ta zahiri, ma'aunin farko ya kamata ya zama ƙasa da na biyu, amma akan kwamfutar kama-da-wane akasin haka. Wataƙila wannan ya faru ne saboda ƙididdiga akan albarkatun kwamfuta.
CrystalDiskMark 6
Ana amfani da wannan gwajin roba don kimanta aikin tsarin faifai. CrystalDiskMark 6 mai amfani yana aiwatar da ayyuka na rubutu/karanta jeri da bazuwar tare da zurfin jerin gwano na 1, 8 da 32. Mun kuma taƙaita sakamakon gwajin a cikin zane wanda wasu bambance-bambancen aiki ke bayyane. A cikin saitunan masu rahusa, yawancin masu samarwa suna amfani da faifan diski mai ƙarfi (HDD). Zomro yana da ingantacciyar fa'idar jiha (SSD) a cikin tsarin Micro, amma bisa ga sakamakon gwaji baya aiki da sauri fiye da HDD na zamani.
* MB/s = 1,000,000 bytes/s [SATA/600 = 600,000,000 bytes/s] * KB = 1000 bytes, KiB = 1024 bytes
Speedtest da Ookla
Don kimanta iyawar cibiyar sadarwa na VPS, bari mu ɗauki wani sanannen ma'auni. An taƙaita sakamakon aikinsa a cikin tebur.
Zomro
Ultravds
Bigd.host
Ruvds
Ayyukan Inoventica
Saukewa, Mbps
87
344,83
283,62
316,5
209,97
Saukewa, Mbps
9,02
87,73
67,76
23,84
32,95
Ping, ms
6
3
14
1
6
Sakamako da ƙarshe
Idan kayi ƙoƙarin samar da ƙima bisa ga gwaje-gwajenmu, mafi kyawun sakamako an nuna su ta masu samar da VPS Bigd.host, Ruvds da sabis na Inoventica. Tare da ingantattun damar kwamfuta, suna amfani da HDDs masu saurin gaske. Farashin yana da mahimmanci fiye da 100 rubles da aka bayyana a cikin take, kuma sabis na Inoventica kuma yana ƙara farashin sabis na lokaci ɗaya don yin odar mota, babu rangwame lokacin biyan kuɗi na shekara, amma jadawalin kuɗin fito na sa'a. Mafi ƙarancin farashi na VDS da aka gwada ana ba da shi ta hanyar Ultravds: tare da Windows Server Core 2019 da jadawalin kuɗin fito na UltraLite na 120 (96 idan ana biya kowace shekara) rubles - wannan mai ba da sabis shine kaɗai wanda ya sami damar kusanci ga farkon da aka bayyana. Zomro ya zo a matsayi na ƙarshe: VDS a Micro jadawalin kuɗin fito ya kashe mu RUB 203,95 a canjin banki, amma ya nuna matsakaicin sakamako a gwaje-gwaje. A sakamakon haka, matakan sun kasance kamar haka:
wuri
VPS
Putarfin sarrafawa
Ayyukan tuƙi
Ƙarfin tashar sadarwa
Priceananan farashin
Kyakkyawan ƙimar farashi / inganci
I
Ultravds (UltraLite)
+
-
+
+
+
II
Bigd.host
+
+
+
-
+
Ruvds
+
+
+
-
+
Ayyukan Inoventica
+
+
+
-
+
III
Zomro
+
-
-
+
-
Akwai rayuwa a cikin matsanancin kasafin kuɗi: irin wannan injin yana da amfani idan farashin mafi kyawun mafita ba su da amfani. Wannan na iya zama uwar garken gwaji ba tare da babban nauyin aiki ba, ƙaramin ftp ko sabar gidan yanar gizo, rumbun adana fayil, ko ma sabar aikace-aikacen - akwai yanayin aikace-aikacen da yawa. Mun zaɓi UltraLite tare da Windows Server Core 2019 don 120 rubles kowane wata daga Ultravds. Dangane da iyawa, yana da ɗan ƙasa da mafi ƙarfi VPS tare da 1 GB na RAM, amma farashin kusan sau uku ƙasa. Irin wannan uwar garken yana jure wa ayyukanmu idan ba mu mayar da shi zuwa tebur ba, don haka ƙananan farashi ya zama abin ƙayyade.
source: www.habr.com