Wasu kwatankwacin tarihi

Disclaimer: Don adana lokacin TL;DR, sigar wannan labarin ita ce Sashin Sabon Trend mai yuwuwar.

Tare da ci gaban ɗan adam, a cikin wani zamani, mutane sun ɗauki nau'ikan kadarori daban-daban a matsayin kayan alatu - karafa masu daraja, manyan makamai da bindigogi, motoci, dukiya, da sauransu.

Abun da ke cikin CDPV shine Bugatti Nau'in 57 - motar Bugatti Automobiles Gran Turismo, mota mai daraja guda ɗaya ga masu arziki. An yi shi a cikin 1934-1940. Yana da gyare-gyare guda biyu: Nau'in 57S da Atalnte. Jean Bugatti ne ya kirkiro ƙirar jikin motar.

Idan muka dubi yanayin zagayowar juyin-juya hali na samarwa, to, bisa sharadin za mu iya gano wadannan nau'ikan alatu masu ban sha'awa, wadanda suka zama wani bangare na al'amuran jama'a, sa'an nan kuma, bayan lokaci, sun daina zama kamar alatu a gare mu, daidai a ra'ayi. na yaduwarsu a tsakanin talakawa:

• makamai masu kaifi da kakinsu (tun da aka kirkiro hanyoyin sarrafa karfe)
  A cikin ƙarni na da da kuma a zamanin faudal, an ɗauki makamai masu wulakanci da riguna na mutum a matsayin babban abin jin daɗi, dukiya mai tsada da ta buɗe hanyar yin hidimar soja mai ƙwarin gwiwa (taɓarar yaƙe-yaƙe, sojojin haya, kwace ƙasa), iko, da sauransu. Don haka, makamai na sirri abin al'ajabi ne.
• Motar sirri (juyin masana'antu - juyin juya halin kimiyya da bayanai)
  Tare da ƙirƙira na mota kuma, bisa ƙa'ida, har wa yau, ana ɗaukar mota a matsayin alatu. Wannan wani abu ne da ke buƙatar farashi, zuba jari, kulawa, amma yana ba mutum mafi girman 'yancin motsi da sararin samaniya a kan hanya (don yin aiki, alal misali).

• PC (juyin ilimin kimiyya).
  A cikin shekarun 1950 da 60s, kwamfutoci suna samuwa ga manyan kamfanoni kawai saboda girmansu da farashinsu. A gasar kara tallace-tallace, kamfanonin kera na'ura mai kwakwalwa sun nemi rage farashin da rage yawan kayayyakinsu. Don wannan, an yi amfani da duk nasarorin kimiyya na zamani: ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya akan maɗaukakiyar maganadisu, transistor, da ƙarshe microcircuits. A shekarar 1965, karamin kwamfuta PDP-8 shagaltar da wani girma kwatankwacin da wani iyali firiji, da kudin ya kusan 20 dala dubu, a Bugu da kari, akwai hali zuwa kara miniaturization.

  Tallace-tallacen kwamfutoci na sirri sun yi jinkiri a ƙarshen 1970s, amma nasarar kasuwanci ta kasance mai matuƙar ƙarfi ga sabon samfur. Dalilin haka shi ne bullar manhaja da ke rufe bukatun masu amfani da ita wajen sarrafa bayanai ta atomatik. A farkon shekarun 1980, yaren shirye-shirye mafi shahara ga dummies shine BASIC, editan rubutu WordStar (ayyukan maɓallan "zafi" har yanzu ana amfani da su a yau) da kuma mai sarrafa maƙunsar rubutu VisiCalc, wanda a yanzu ya girma ya zama kato mai suna Excel.

  A cikin ƙuruciyata a cikin 90s, ana ɗaukar PCs wani abu mai sanyi kuma da wuya ake samu; ba kowane dangi mai aiki ke da PC a cikin ɗakin su ba.

Mai yuwuwar sabon yanayin

Na gaba, zan zayyana hangen nesa na. Wannan yunƙuri ne na tsinkayar nan gaba kusa fiye da nazari mai zurfi ko tsattsauran kisa mai ƙima. Ƙoƙari na zama masanin ilimin gaba dangane da alamun kai tsaye da fahimtata a fagen IT da na lura.

Don haka, a zamanin haɓaka bayanai, haɗin gwiwar kwamfutoci a ko'ina a cikin rayuwarmu, na ga abubuwan jin daɗi da ke fitowa. sirrin SaaS. Wato, sabis ɗin da aka tsara da aiki kawai don bukatun wani takamaiman mutum (ko ƙunƙun ƙungiyar mutane, misali, dangi, ƙungiyar abokai). Ba Google, Amazon, Microsoft da sauran manyan masana'antar IT ke daukar nauyinsa ba. Ko dai mai amfani da kansa ne ya sanya shi da hannu, ko kuma ya ba da oda ko siya don adadi mai yawa daga wani ɗan kwangila, misali mai zaman kansa.

Misalai, abubuwan da ake buƙata da alamun kai tsaye:

• akwai mutanen da ba su gamsu ba SaaS. Ba kasuwanci ba, amma daidaikun mutane ko ƙungiyoyin mutane. Ba za a sami ƙididdiga ba a nan, kawai gunaguni daga mutane a cikin labarai guda ɗaya da labaran fasaha na manyan 'yan kasuwa (Yandex, Google, Microsoft). Masu watsa shirye-shiryen podcast na IT suma suna raba raɗaɗinsu kuma suna nuna mahimmancin halayensu ga SaaS-am.
• misalan manyan kamfanoni suna share ayyukansu
  • Google Plus ya daina aiki. Kuma me?
  • Google ya rufe sabis na hoto Picasa
  • Shit yana faruwa. Yandex ya cire wasu injunan kama-da-wane a cikin gajimarensa
    Akwai ma gidan yanar gizo akan layi Kashe Google ne. Wani nau'in makabartar ayyukan Google da aka rufe.
• misalai tare da tsaro na bayanai, zubewar bayanai, asarar bayanai, hacks
  • Sabis ɗin ajiya na lamba GitLab ya share kusan 300 GB na bayanai bisa kuskure saboda kuskuren mai sarrafa tsarin
  • Facebook ya adana daruruwan miliyoyin kalmomin sirri masu tsabta a kan sabar sa. Dubban ma'aikata sun sami damar yin amfani da su * Ba Saas ba, amma har yanzu..
• paranoia ko hujjar rashin son raba bayanan Keɓaɓɓen ku
• ƙimar bayanan sirri da ta'aziyya ta kan layi suna ƙara zama mai mahimmanci ga mutane; wannan bayanan yana da matukar daraja kuma kawai ya zama mafi tsada ga duk kasuwancin da ke farautar wannan bayanan sirri da zari da zalunci (tallace da aka yi niyya, ayyukan da aka sanya da kuma harajin yanayi mai ban sha'awa, haka kuma hackers tabbas sune babbar barazana a wannan batun).
• bayyanar a Open Source mafita don ƙara manyan matsalolin aikace-aikacen: daga bayanan sirri zuwa tsarin lissafin kuɗi da girgijen fayil na sirri.

• abubuwan da ba su da mahimmanci, waɗanda ke tura ni aƙalla don bincika da nazarin yuwuwar wanzuwar. Open Source mafita.

  Misali, kwanan nan na fara tunani mai zurfi game da ɗaukar nauyin sabis na bayanin kula, samun dama gare ni akan layi ta wayar hannu ko tebur. Zaɓin mafi kyawun mafita har yanzu yana kan aiwatarwa; Ina sha'awar mafita mai sauƙin turawa tare da ƙaramin aiki don adana bayanan kula da tsaro (misali, Basic Auth). Har ila yau, ina so a iya gudanar da maganin a matsayin Docker ganga, wanda kawai ke ƙara saurin gudu da sauƙi na tura ni da kaina. Zan yi farin cikin karɓar shawarwari a cikin sharhi. Tunda yanzu hannu ya kai ga maballin da IDE rubuta irin wannan sauki sabis da kanka.

Ƙarshe da tasiri

Dangane da wannan zato na haɓakar yanayin girma, ana iya yanke shawara da yawa:

• wannan babban alkuki ne mai ban sha'awa. Da alama a gare ni wannan wata dama ce don ginawa ko sake gina kasuwancin da ke samar da IT ko sabis na watsa labaru da sayar da mafita na musamman. A nan yana da mahimmanci don tuntuɓar abokan ciniki waɗanda ke kallon SaaS na sirri a matsayin alatu, waɗanda suke son biyan shi sama da kasuwa, a musayar samun wasu tabbataccen garanti na ayyukan da aka bayar.
• haɓaka irin waɗannan hanyoyin ba su da sauƙi, yana da tsada, a gaskiya ma yana da ƙayyadaddun fasaha daban don kowane tsari. A gaskiya ma, wannan ba za a iya la'akari da sabon alkuki ko tsarin kasuwanci ba. A gaskiya ma, wannan shine watakila abin da kamfanoni da yawa suka girma daga samfurori na kansu, ko kuma kamfanonin da ke gudanar da irin wannan ci gaba bisa ga bukatun mutum.
• za ku iya bi ta wata hanya, kuma alal misali, idan kai mai haɓakawa ne, to, shigar da Open Source musamman a fagen haɓaka irin waɗannan hanyoyin - zaɓi matsala, nemo ayyukan da ake da su, zama mai ba da gudummawa a can. Ko, fara gudanar da naku aikin daga karce a kan ma'ajin ajiyar jama'a don takamaiman matsala da haɓaka al'umma na masu amfani da masu ba da gudummawa a kusa da shi.
• bayanin martabar nauyin irin wannan aikace-aikacen da buƙatun sun bambanta da duk waɗannan ayyukan SaaS na jama'a waɗanda aka tsara don amfani da taro na lokaci ɗaya. Misali, idan mai amfani daya ne kawai, ba kwa buƙatar tsarin da zai iya tallafawa dubban haɗin gwiwa ko aiwatar da miliyoyin buƙatun a sakan daya. Haƙuri da sauri da kuskure, ba shakka, suma sun zama dole - sabis ɗin dole ne ya sami damar yin ajiyar tsarin tsarin sa, amsa da sauri, kuma ya sami damar yin da maido da kwafin bayanai. Duk wannan yana nufin cewa za ku iya mayar da hankali kan wasu abubuwa yayin ƙira da haɓakawa, sadaukar da ƙima, aiki, mai da hankali, alal misali, akan saurin gabatar da sabbin abubuwa ko, alal misali, tabbatar da mafi girman yuwuwar daidaito ko kariyar bayanai.

Bonus

A ƙasa zan samar da hanyoyin haɗi zuwa ayyuka masu amfani da labarai masu ban sha'awa:

• madalla-mai masaukin baki - Ma'ajiyar lissafin GitHub c Self-Hosted mafita don buƙatu daban-daban. Rubutun rubutun ra'ayin kanka a yanar gizo, taɗi, rarraba fayil ɗin ajiya da sauransu.
• Wane ne da gaske wannan uwar garken ke hidima? - zargi SaaS da Richard Stallman.

source: www.habr.com