Dmitry Zavalishin ya yi magana game da wani aikin da za a yi amfani da na'ura mai mahimmanci na tsarin aiki na Phantom don aiki a cikin yanayin Genode microkernel OS. Tattaunawar ta lura cewa babban sigar Phantom ya riga ya shirya don ayyukan matukin jirgi, kuma sigar tushen Genode za ta kasance a shirye don amfani a ƙarshen shekara. A lokaci guda, kawai samfurin ra'ayi mai aiki da aka sanar a kan gidan yanar gizon aikin, kwanciyar hankali da aikin da ba a kai ga matakin da ya dace da amfani da masana'antu ba, kuma daga cikin shirye-shiryen nan da nan da samar da nau'in alpha wanda ya dace da gwaje-gwaje. An ambaci masu haɓaka ɓangare na uku.
Ana rarraba lambar aikin a ƙarƙashin lasisin LGPL, amma canji na ƙarshe a babban ma'ajiyar ta kasance kwanan watan Nuwamba 2019. Ayyukan jama'a da suka danganci aikin an mayar da hankali ne a cikin ma'ajiya tare da cokali mai yatsa na Genode, wanda Anton Antonov, dalibi daga Jami'ar Innopolis ya kiyaye shi tun Disamba 2020.
Tun daga farkon 2000s, tsarin aiki na Phantom yana tasowa a matsayin aikin sirri na Dmitry Zavalishin, kuma tun 2010 an canza shi a ƙarƙashin reshe na Kamfanin Digital Zone wanda Dmitry ya kirkiro. Tsarin yana sananne ne don mayar da hankali ga babban aminci da kuma amfani da manufar "komai abu ne" maimakon "komai fayil ne", wanda ke ba ku damar yin ba tare da amfani da fayiloli ba saboda adana yanayin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya da ci gaba da zagayowar aiki. Aikace-aikace a cikin Fatalwa ba a ƙare ba, amma an dakatar da su kawai kuma ana ci gaba da su daga wurin da aka katse. Ana iya adana duk masu canji da tsarin bayanai muddin aikace-aikacen yana buƙata, kuma mai tsara shirye-shirye baya buƙatar damuwa musamman game da adana bayanan.
Aikace-aikace a cikin Phantom ana haɗa su cikin bytecode, wanda ke aiki a cikin na'ura mai kama da na'ura mai kama da Java. Na'urar kama-da-wane tana tabbatar da dorewar ƙwaƙwalwar aikace-aikacen - tsarin lokaci-lokaci yana sake saita hotuna na yanayin injin kama-da-wane zuwa kafofin watsa labarai na dindindin. Bayan rufewa ko karo, aiki na iya ci gaba da farawa daga hoton ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya na ƙarshe. Ana ƙirƙira hotunan hoto a cikin yanayin asynchronous kuma ba tare da dakatar da aikin na'urar ba, amma ana yin rikodin yanki na lokaci ɗaya a cikin hoton, kamar an dakatar da injin kama-da-wane, an ajiye shi cikin faifai kuma a sake farawa.
Duk aikace-aikacen suna gudana a cikin sararin adireshi gama gari na duniya, wanda ke kawar da buƙatar jujjuya mahallin mahallin tsakanin kernel da aikace-aikace, sannan kuma yana sauƙaƙa da saurin hulɗar tsakanin aikace-aikacen da ke gudana a cikin injin kama-da-wane, wanda zai iya musayar abubuwa ta hanyar wucewar tunani. Ana aiwatar da rabuwar shiga a matakin abubuwa, nassoshi waɗanda za'a iya samun su kawai ta hanyar kiran hanyoyin da suka dace (babu wani lissafi mai nuni). Duk wani bayanai, gami da ƙimar lamba, ana sarrafa su azaman abubuwa daban.
Don aikace-aikacen, aikin yana bayyana yana ci gaba kuma baya dogara da sake kunnawa OS, hadarurruka, da rufewar kwamfuta. An kwatanta samfurin shirye-shirye na Phantom da gudanar da sabar aikace-aikacen da ba ta daina tsayawa don yaren shirye-shiryen abu. Ana ɗaukar jigilar shirye-shiryen Java zuwa fatalwa ɗaya daga cikin manyan hanyoyin haɓaka aikace-aikacen, wanda aka sauƙaƙe ta hanyar kamanni na na'urar kama-da-wane ta Phantom zuwa JVM. Baya ga mai tara bytecode don harshen Java, aikin yana shirin ƙirƙirar masu tarawa don Python da C #, da kuma aiwatar da mai fassara daga lambar tsaka-tsakin WebAssembly.
Don yin ayyukan da ke buƙatar babban aiki, kamar sarrafa bidiyo da sauti, yana yiwuwa a gudanar da abubuwa na binary tare da lambar asali a cikin zaren daban (ana amfani da LLVM don haɗa abubuwa na binary). Don samun damar yin amfani da ƙananan sabis na kwaya, wasu azuzuwan VM (azuzuwan "na ciki") ana aiwatar da su a matakin kernel OS. Don gudanar da aikace-aikacen Linux, an samar da wani Layer POSIX wanda ke yin koyi da kira masu mahimmanci don gudanar da ayyukan Unix (ba a bayar da dagewar aikace-aikace a cikin Layer POSIX ba tukuna).
Traditional Phantom OS, ban da na'ura mai kama-da-wane, ya haɗa da kwaya tare da aiwatar da zaren, mai sarrafa ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, mai tara shara, hanyoyin daidaitawa, tsarin shigarwa / fitarwa da direbobi don aiki tare da kayan aiki, wanda ke dagula kawo aikin. don shirye-shiryen amfani da tartsatsi. Na dabam, ana haɓaka abubuwan haɗin gwiwa tare da tarin cibiyar sadarwa, tsarin tsarin hoto da mai amfani. Abin lura ne cewa tsarin tsarin hoto da mai sarrafa taga suna aiki a matakin kernel.
Don haɓaka kwanciyar hankali, ɗaukar hoto da tsaro na aikin, an yi ƙoƙari don jigilar na'ura mai kama da fatalwa don yin aiki ta amfani da abubuwan haɗin ginin microkernel mai buɗewa Genode, wanda kamfanin Jamus na Genode Labs ke kula da ci gabansa. Ga waɗanda ke son yin gwaji tare da fatalwa bisa Genode, an shirya wani yanki na musamman na Docker na ginawa.
Yin amfani da Genode zai ba da damar yin amfani da microkernels da direbobi da aka riga aka tabbatar, da kuma motsa direbobi zuwa sararin mai amfani (a cikin nau'in su na yanzu, an rubuta direbobi a cikin C kuma an kashe su a matakin Phantom kernel). Musamman ma, zai yiwu a yi amfani da seL4 microkernel, wanda ya sami tabbacin amincin lissafi, yana tabbatar da cewa aiwatarwa ya dace da ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun harshe na yau da kullum. Ana yin la'akari da yuwuwar shirya kwatankwacin shaidar dogaro ga injin kama-da-wane na Phantom, wanda zai ba da damar tabbatar da duk yanayin OS.
Babban yanki na aikace-aikacen tashar tashar jiragen ruwa na Genode shine haɓaka aikace-aikacen don masana'antu daban-daban da na'urorin da aka haɗa. A halin yanzu, an riga an shirya sauye-sauye na na'ura mai kama-da-wane kuma an ƙara ɗaurin da ke aiki a saman Genode don tabbatar da dawwama na abubuwan kernel da manyan ƙananan matakan musanyawa. An lura cewa na'urar kama-da-wane na fatalwa na iya riga ta yi aiki a cikin yanayin 64-bit Genode, amma har yanzu yana da mahimmanci don aiwatar da VM a cikin yanayin dagewa, sake yin tsarin tsarin direba da daidaita abubuwan da aka haɗa tare da tari na cibiyar sadarwa da tsarin ƙirar hoto don Genode.
source: budenet.ru