Babu ƙarancin samfuran da waɗanda suka ƙirƙira suka kira su "mai juyin juya hali" ko "canza komai" lokacin da suka ƙaddamar. Babu shakka, kowane kamfani da ya ƙirƙiri wani sabon abu yana fatan cewa sabon tsarinsa da hanyoyin da aka zaɓa za su canza fahimtar fasaha sosai. Wani lokaci wannan yana faruwa da gaske.
Mujallar Wired ta zaɓi misalai 10 na irin wannan daga 2010 zuwa 2019. Waɗannan samfuran ne waɗanda, bayan gabatarwar su ta ban mamaki, sun canza kasuwa. Saboda sun mamaye masana'antu daban-daban, ba za a iya auna tasirin su a ma'auni ɗaya ba. Za a shirya su ba da mahimmanci ba, amma a cikin tsarin lokaci.
An ƙaddamar da sabis ɗin saƙon a baya kaɗan - a cikin Nuwamba 2009, amma tasirinsa a cikin shekaru goma masu zuwa yana da matukar mahimmanci.
A shekarun farko, wadanda suka kirkiro Jan Koum da Brian Acton suna karbar kudi dalar Amurka $1 kowace shekara don amfani da wannan sabis, amma hakan bai hana WhatsApp yaduwa ba, musamman a kasashe masu tasowa kamar Brazil, Indonesia da Afirka ta Kudu. WhatsApp yana aiki akan kusan kowace na'ura ta hannu ta zamani, wanda ke baiwa masu amfani damar rubuta saƙonni ba tare da caji ba. Hakanan ya yada ɓoyayyen ɓoye-zuwa-ƙarshe, yana ba da sirri ga ɗimbin masu amfani. A lokacin da WhatsApp ya gabatar da kiran murya da hira ta bidiyo, ya zama ma'auni na sadarwar wayar hannu ta kan iyakoki.
A farkon 2014, Facebook ya sayi WhatsApp akan dala biliyan 19. Kuma wannan sayan ya biya, yayin da WhatsApp ya karu da yawan masu amfani da shi zuwa biliyan 1,6 kuma ya zama daya daga cikin mahimman hanyoyin sadarwar zamantakewa a duniya (duk da cewa WeChat yana mulki a China). A yayin da kamfanin na WhatsApp ya bunkasa, kamfanin na kokawa kan yadda ake yada labaran karya ta dandalinsa, wanda a wasu lokuta yakan haifar da tarzoma da tashin hankali.
apple iPad
Lokacin da Steve Jobs ya fara nuna iPad a farkon 2010, mutane da yawa sun yi mamakin ko za a sami kasuwa don samfurin da ya fi girma fiye da wayar hannu amma mai sauƙi kuma mafi iyaka fiye da kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka. Kuma ta yaya za a ɗauki hotuna da wannan na'urar? Amma iPad shine ƙarshen ƙoƙarin Apple na tsawon shekaru na ƙaddamar da kwamfutar hannu, kuma Steve Jobs zai iya hango wani abu da wasu ba su yi tsammani ba tukuna: samfuran wayar hannu za su zama na'urori masu mahimmanci a rayuwa da gaske, kuma masu sarrafawa a cikin su za su zarce. na kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka na yau da kullun. Wasu masana'antun sun yi gaggawar amsa ƙalubalen-wasu cikin nasara, wasu kuma ba. Amma a yau, iPad har yanzu shine ma'auni a cikin allunan.
A cikin 2013, iPad Air ya sake fayyace ma'anar "baƙi da haske", kuma 2015 iPad Pro shine kwamfutar hannu ta Apple ta farko da ta haɗa da alƙalami na dijital, haɗa zuwa maballin wayo mai caji koyaushe, kuma yana aiki akan guntu 64-bit mai ƙarfi. A9X. iPad ɗin ba kawai kwamfutar hannu ce mai kyau don karanta mujallu da kallon bidiyo ba - kwamfutar ce ta gaba, kamar yadda masu yin ta suka yi alkawari.
Uber da girgiza
Wanene zai yi tunanin cewa ƴan fasaha da ke da matsala wajen yin odar tasi a San Francisco za su ƙirƙira ɗaya daga cikin fasahohin da suka fi tasiri a cikin shekaru goma? An ƙaddamar da UberCab a cikin Yuni 2010, yana ba mutane damar yin "tasi" tare da taɓa maɓallin kama-da-wane akan wayoyinsu. A zamanin farko, sabis ɗin yana aiki ne kawai a cikin ƴan garuruwa, ya haɗa da ƙarin ƙarin kuɗi, kuma ya aika da motoci na alfarma da na limosins. Ƙaddamar da sabis ɗin UberX mai rahusa a cikin 2012 ya canza hakan, kuma ya kawo ƙarin motocin haɗaka zuwa hanya. Ƙaddamar da Lyft a wannan shekarar ya haifar da babban mai fafatawa ga Uber.
Tabbas, yayin da Uber ta fadada a duniya, matsalolin kamfanin kuma sun karu. Jerin labaran New York Times a cikin 2017 sun fallasa munanan lahani a cikin al'adun cikin gida. Co-kafa Travis Kalanick a karshe ya sauka a matsayin shugaban zartarwa. Dangantakar kamfanin da direbobin na da cece-kuce, inda ta ki sanya su a matsayin ma’aikata, yayin da kuma ake sukar ta da katsalandan kan tantance bayanan direban. Amma don gano yadda tattalin arzikin raba ya canza duniyarmu da rayuwar mutane a cikin shekaru goma da suka gabata, duk abin da za ku yi shine tambayi direban tasi yadda suke ji game da Uber?
A farkon, Instagram ya kasance game da masu tacewa. Masu karɓa na farko da farin ciki sun yi amfani da matattarar X-Pro II da Gotham a dandalin hotunan su na Instagr.am, waɗanda da farko za a iya ɗauka daga iPhone kawai. Amma co-kafa Kevin Systrom da Mike Krieger suna da hangen nesa fiye da hipster photo tace. Instagram ba wai kawai ya kafa kyamara a matsayin mafi mahimmancin fasalin wayar hannu ba, amma kuma ya watsar da tarko mara amfani na hanyoyin sadarwar zamantakewa tare da hanyoyin haɗin gwiwa da sabuntawar matsayi. Ya ƙirƙiri sabon nau'in hanyar sadarwar zamantakewa, nau'in mujallar dijital mai sheki, kuma a ƙarshe ya zama dandamali mai mahimmanci don samfuran kayayyaki, kasuwanci, mashahurai da masu sha'awar sha'awa.
Facebook dai ya mallaki Instagram ne a shekarar 2012, shekaru biyu kacal da kaddamar da shi. Yanzu yana da saƙon sirri, labarai marasa iyaka, da IGTV. Amma, a zahiri, ya kasance iri ɗaya kamar yadda aka ɗauka a shekarun baya.
apple iPhone 4S
Sakin ainihin iPhone ɗin a cikin 2007 na ɗaya daga cikin muhimman abubuwan da suka faru a wannan zamani. Amma a cikin shekaru goma da suka gabata, iPhone 4S, wanda aka gabatar a watan Oktoba 2011, ya zama wani sauyi ga kasuwancin Apple. Sabuwar na'urar da aka sake fasalin ta zo da sabbin abubuwa uku waɗanda za su ayyana hanyar da muke amfani da na'urorin fasaha na sirri don nan gaba: Siri, iCloud (a kan iOS 5), da kyamarar da za ta iya harba duka hotuna 8-megapixel da bidiyo mai girma na 1080p. .
A cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci, waɗannan kyamarori masu ci gaba na aljihu sun fara rushe ƙaƙƙarfan kasuwar kyamarar dijital, kuma a wasu lokuta, kashe gasar kai tsaye (kamar Flip). iCloud, wanda a da MobileMe, ya zama middleware wanda ke daidaita bayanai tsakanin apps da na'urori. Kuma Siri har yanzu yana ƙoƙarin nemo hanyarsa. Aƙalla mutane sun fahimci yadda amfani da mataimakan kama-da-wane ke iya zama.
Tesla model S
Wannan ba ita ce mota ta farko mai amfani da wutar lantarki da ta fara shiga kasuwar jama'a ba. An fara fahimtar Tesla Model S saboda ya kama tunanin masu motoci. An gabatar da motar lantarki da aka dade ana jira a watan Yunin 2012. Masu sharhi na farko sun lura cewa yana da shekaru masu haske a gaban Roadster kuma sun kira shi abin mamaki na fasaha. A cikin 2013, MotorTrend ya sanya masa suna Car of the Year. Kuma shaharar Elon Musk kawai ya kara da motar motar.
Lokacin da Tesla ya gabatar da fasalin Autopilot, an duba shi bayan wasu hadurran da suka yi sanadiyar mutuwar direban inda aka ruwaito direban ya dogara da shi sosai. Tambayoyi game da fasahar tuki da kai da tasirinsu ga direbobi yanzu za a fi yawan yin tambaya. A halin yanzu, Tesla ya haifar da babbar ƙima a cikin kasuwar motocin lantarki.
Oculus Rift
Wataƙila VR a ƙarshe zai gaza. Amma ba za a iya musun yuwuwar sa ba, kuma Oculus shi ne farkon wanda ya fara yin tazara a kasuwan jama'a. A farkon nunin nunin Oculus Rift a lokacin CES 2013 a Las Vegas, zaku iya ganin yawancin masu lura da fasaha na murmushi tare da kwalkwali a kawunansu. Asalin yakin Kickstarter na Oculus Rift yana da burin $ 250; amma ya tara dala miliyan 000. Ya ɗauki Oculus dogon lokaci don sakin lasifikan kai na Rift, kuma $2,5 kyakkyawar alamar farashi ce. Amma a ƙarshe kamfanin ya kawo kasuwa mai cin gashin kansa na Quest hula tare da digiri 600 na 'yanci akan $6.
Tabbas, masu sha'awar gaskiyar gaskiya ba kawai Oculus ya yi wahayi zuwa gare su ba. A farkon 2014, kafin Oculus Rift ya shiga kasuwa mai mahimmanci, Shugaban Facebook Mark Zuckerberg ya gwada Oculus Rift a cikin Cibiyar Sadarwar Mutum-Computer a Jami'ar Stanford. Bayan 'yan watanni, ya sayi kamfanin a kan dala biliyan 2,3.
Amazon Echo
Wata safiya a cikin Nuwamba 2014, Echo smart speaker kawai ya bayyana akan gidan yanar gizon Amazon, kuma ƙaddamarwarsa na iya zama yaudara game da yadda tasirin samfurin zai kasance a cikin rabin na biyu na shekaru goma. Ba kawai mai magana da sauti mara igiyar waya ba, har ma mataimakiyar murya, Alexa, wanda da farko ya tabbatar da cewa ya fi Apple Siri hankali a lokacin ƙaddamar da shi. Alexa ya ba da damar ba da umarnin murya don kashe fitilu, sarrafa kiɗan da ke gudana, da ƙara sayayya a cikin keken Amazon ɗin ku.
Ko mutane suna son masu magana mai wayo ko nuni tare da sarrafa murya (mafi yawansu har yanzu suna kan shinge), Amazon ya ci gaba kuma ya ba da zaɓi ta wata hanya. Kusan kowane manyan masana'anta ya bi kwatance.
Google pixel
A cikin shekaru takwas kafin fitowar wayar Pixel, Google ya kalli yadda abokan haɗin gwiwarsa (HTC, Moto, LG) ke gina tsarin wayar hannu ta Android a cikin na'urorinsu, wanda yayi kyau sosai. Amma babu ɗayan waɗannan wayoyin hannu da ya tashi zuwa babban mashaya da iPhone ya saita. Na'urorin iOS suna da babbar fa'ida a cikin aikin wayoyi saboda Apple ya iya ba da cikakken iko akan kayan masarufi da software. Idan Google zai yi gasa, dole ne ya daina dogaro da abokan huldarsa kuma ya mallaki kasuwancin kayan masarufi.
Wayar Pixel ta farko ta kasance wahayi ne ga duniyar Android. Kyawawan ƙira, ingantattun abubuwan haɗin gwiwa da kyakyawar kamara - duk suna gudanar da OS ta hannu ta Google, wanda ba ya lalacewa ta harsashi ko aikace-aikacen ɗaukar kaya. Pixel bai dauki kaso mai yawa na kasuwar Android ba (kuma bai yi haka ba bayan shekaru uku), amma ya nuna yadda wayar Android zata ci gaba da yin tasiri mai dorewa a masana'antar. Musamman fasahar kamara, wanda aka inganta ta hanyar basirar software na Google, ya tura masu kera na'urori don haɓaka na'urori masu auna sigina da ruwan tabarau.
SpaceX Falcon Tã
Wannan hakika “ƙaddamarwar samfur” ce sama da sauran ƙaddamarwa. A farkon watan Fabrairun 2018, shekaru bakwai bayan sanar da fara aikin, Elon Musk's SpaceX ya yi nasarar harba rokar Falcon Heavy guda uku tare da injuna 27 zuwa sararin samaniya. Mai ikon ɗaga ton 63,5 na kaya zuwa ƙananan sararin samaniya, ita ce motar harba mafi ƙarfi a duniya a yau, kuma an gina ta ne da ɗan ƙaramin tsadar sabon roka na NASA. Jirgin gwajin da ya yi nasara har ma ya haɗa da tallace-tallace na wani kamfani na Elon Musk: abin da aka biya shi ne jajayen Tesla Roadster tare da guntun Starman a bayan motar.
Baya ga wutar lantarki, ɗayan mahimman abubuwan da SpaceX ya yi shine na'urorin haɓaka roka da za a sake amfani da su. A cikin Fabrairun 2018, masu haɓaka gefe biyu da aka kashe sun dawo Cape Canaveral, amma na tsakiya ya rushe. Sama da shekara guda bayan haka, yayin harba rokar na kasuwanci a watan Afrilun 2019, duk masu haɓaka Falcon Heavy uku sun sami hanyarsu ta gida.
source: 3dnews.ru