Ci gaba da ƙaddamarwa hanya ce ta musamman a cikin haɓaka software wacce ake amfani da ita don aiwatar da ayyuka daban-daban cikin sauri, aminci da inganci a cikin software.
Babban ra'ayin shine ƙirƙirar ingantaccen tsari mai sarrafa kansa wanda ke ba masu haɓaka damar isar da samfuran da aka gama ga mai amfani da sauri. A lokaci guda kuma, ana yin canje-canje akai-akai don samarwa - ana kiran wannan bututun isarwa mai ci gaba (CD Pipeline).
Skillbox yana ba da shawarar: Hakikanin hanya .
Muna tunatarwa: ga duk masu karatu na "Habr" - rangwame na 10 rubles lokacin yin rajista a kowane kwas na Skillbox ta amfani da lambar talla "Habr".
Don sarrafa kwararar ruwa, zaku iya amfani da kayan aiki da yawa, gami da duka biyun da aka biya da kuma cikakkiyar kyauta. Wannan labarin ya bayyana uku daga cikin shahararrun mafita tsakanin masu haɓakawa waɗanda zasu iya zama masu amfani ga kowane mai tsara shirye-shirye.
Jenkins
Cikakkun uwar garken buɗaɗɗen tushe mai sarrafa kansa. Yana da daraja aiki tare da sarrafa kowane nau'in ayyuka masu alaƙa da gini, gwaji, jigilar kaya, ko tura software.
Mafi ƙarancin buƙatun PC:
- 256 MB RAM, 1 GB sarari sarari.
Mafi kyawu:
- 1 GB RAM, 50 GB na rumbun kwamfutarka.
Don yin aiki, kuna buƙatar ƙarin software - Java Runtime Environment (JRE) sigar 8.
Ginin gine-gine (computer rarraba) yayi kama da haka:
Jenkins Server shine shigarwa wanda ke da alhakin GUI hosting, kazalika da tsarawa da aiwatar da ginin gaba ɗaya.
Jenkins Node/Bawa/Gina uwar garken - na'urorin da za a iya daidaita su don yin aikin ginawa a madadin Jagora (babban kumburi).
Shigarwa don Linux
Da farko kuna buƙatar ƙara ma'ajiyar Jenkins zuwa tsarin:
cd /tmp && wget -q -O - | sudo apt-key add - echo 'deb binary/' | sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list.d/je
Sabunta ma'ajiyar fakiti:
sudo apt sabuntawa
Shigar Jenkins:
sudo apt shigar jenkins
Bayan wannan, Jenkins zai kasance a cikin tsarin ta hanyar tsoho tashar jiragen ruwa 8080.
Don duba aiki, kuna buƙatar buɗe adireshin a cikin mazugi :8080. Sannan tsarin zai sa ka shigar da kalmar sirri ta farko ga tushen mai amfani. Wannan kalmar sirri tana cikin fayil /var/lib/jenkins/secrets/initialAdminPassword.
Yanzu komai yana shirye don tafiya, zaku iya fara ƙirƙirar kwararar CI / CD. Ma'auni na hoto na workbench yayi kama da haka:
Ƙarfin Jenkins:
- scalability samar da Master/Bawa gine;
- samuwan REST XML/JSON API;
- da ikon haɗa babban adadin kari godiya ga plugins;
- al'umma mai aiki da ci gaba akai-akai.
Fursunoni:
- babu wani toshe na nazari;
- ba sosai mai amfani-friendly dubawa.
TeamCity
Ci gaban kasuwanci daga JetBrains. Sabar tana da kyau tare da saiti mai sauƙi da kyakkyawar dubawa. Tsarin tsoho yana da adadi mai yawa na ayyuka, kuma adadin abubuwan da ake samu yana ƙaruwa koyaushe.
Yana buƙatar Java Runtime Environment (JRE) sigar 8.
Bukatun kayan aikin uwar garken ba su da mahimmanci:
- RAM - 3,2 GB;
- processor - dual-core, 3,2 GHz;
- tashar sadarwa mai karfin 1 Gb/s.
Sabar tana ba ku damar cimma babban aiki:
- Ayyukan 60 tare da saitunan ginawa 300;
- 2 MB kasafi don ginin log;
- 50 gina wakilai;
- ikon yin aiki tare da masu amfani 50 a cikin sigar yanar gizo da masu amfani 30 a cikin IDE;
- Haɗi 100 na VCS na waje, yawanci Perforce da Subversion. Matsakaicin lokacin canji shine 120 seconds;
- fiye da gyare-gyare 150 a kowace rana;
- aiki tare da bayanai akan sabar daya;
- saitunan tsarin uwar garken JVM: -Xmx1100m -XX:MaxPermSize=120m.
Bukatun wakilai sun dogara ne akan gudanar da taro. Babban aikin uwar garken shine saka idanu duk wakilai masu alaƙa da rarraba majalissar da aka yi layi ga waɗannan wakilai dangane da buƙatun dacewa, bayar da rahoton sakamakon. Wakilai suna zuwa cikin dandamali iri-iri da tsarin aiki, da yanayin da aka riga aka tsara.
Ana adana duk bayanan game da sakamakon ginawa a cikin ma'ajin bayanai. Da farko wannan shine tarihi da sauran bayanai makamantan, VCS canje-canje, wakilai, gina layin layi, asusun mai amfani da izini. Ma'ajin bayanai baya haɗawa da gine-gine da kayan tarihi kawai.
Shigarwa don Linux
Don shigar da TeamCity da hannu tare da akwati Tomcat servlet, yakamata kuyi amfani da tarihin TeamCity: TeamCity .tar.gz. Zazzagewa .
tar -xfz TeamCity.tar.gz
/bin/runAll. sh [fara | tsaya]
Lokacin da kuka fara farawa, kuna buƙatar zaɓar nau'in bayanan bayanan da za a adana bayanan taro a ciki.
Tsarin tsoho yana aiki : 8111/ tare da wakili ɗaya mai rijista wanda ke gudana akan PC iri ɗaya.
Ƙarfin TeamCity:
- sauƙi saitin;
- Abokin ciniki mai amfani;
- babban adadin ginanniyar ayyuka;
- Sabis na tallafi;
- akwai API RESTful;
- takardun shaida masu kyau;
- tsaro mai kyau.
Fursunoni:
- iyakance haɗin kai;
- Wannan kayan aiki ne da aka biya;
- ƙananan al'umma (wanda, duk da haka, yana girma).
GoCD
Buɗewar aikin tushen da ke buƙatar Java Runtime Environment (JRE) sigar 8 don shigarwa da aiki.
Bukatun tsarin:
- RAM - mafi ƙarancin 1 GB, ƙari ya fi kyau;
- processor - dual-core, tare da core mita na 2 GHz;
- rumbun kwamfutarka - akalla 1 GB na sarari kyauta.
Wakili:
- RAM - aƙalla 128 MB, ƙari ya fi kyau;
- processor - akalla 2 GHz.
Sabar tana tabbatar da aiki na wakilai kuma yana ba da ingantaccen dubawa ga mai amfani:
Matakai/Ayyuka/Ayyuka:
Shigarwa don Linux
amsa kuwwa "deb /" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/gocd.list
Curl | sudo apt-key add -
add-apt-repository ppa:openjdk-r/ppa
dace-samun update
dace-samun shigar -y openjdk-8-jre
dace-samun shigar go-server
dace-samun shigar go-agent
/etc/init.d/go-server [fara | tsayawa | matsayi | sake farawa]
/etc/init.d/go-agent [fara | tsayawa | matsayi | sake farawa]
Ta tsohuwa GoCd yana aiki : 8153.
Ƙarfin GoCd:
- bude tushen;
- shigarwa da sauƙi mai sauƙi;
- takardun shaida masu kyau;
- Babban mai amfani:
- ikon nuna mataki-mataki hanyar tura GoCD a ra'ayi ɗaya:
- kyakkyawan nuni na tsarin bututun mai:
- GoCD yana haɓaka aikin CD ɗin a cikin mafi mashahurin yanayin girgije ciki har da Docker, AWS;
- kayan aiki yana ba da damar gyara kurakurai a cikin bututun, wanda ake sa ido kan kowane canji daga ƙaddamarwa zuwa turawa a ainihin lokacin.
Fursunoni:
- ana buƙatar aƙalla wakili ɗaya;
- babu na'ura mai kwakwalwa don nuna duk ayyukan da aka kammala;
- don aiwatar da kowane umarni, kuna buƙatar ƙirƙirar ɗawainiya ɗaya don daidaitawar bututun;
- Don shigar da plugin ɗin kuna buƙatar matsar da fayil ɗin .jar zuwa /plugins/na waje kuma sake kunna uwar garken;
- in mun gwada da kananan al'umma.
A matsayin ƙarshe
Waɗannan kayan aikin guda uku ne kawai, a zahiri akwai ƙari da yawa. Yana da wuya a zaɓa, don haka tabbas kuna buƙatar kula da ƙarin fannoni.
Buɗe lambar tushe na kayan aikin yana ba da damar fahimtar abin da yake, da ƙara sabbin abubuwa cikin sauri. Amma idan wani abu bai yi aiki ba, to dole ne ku dogara ga kanku kawai da taimakon al'umma. Kayan aikin da aka biya suna ba da tallafi wanda wani lokaci na iya zama mai mahimmanci.
Idan tsaro shine babban fifikonku, yana da daraja aiki tare da kayan aiki na gida. Idan ba haka ba, to, zabar maganin SaaS shine zaɓi mai kyau.
Kuma a ƙarshe, don tabbatar da ingantaccen tsari na ci gaba da turawa, kuna buƙatar ƙirƙirar ƙa'idodi waɗanda ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun su za su ba ku damar taƙaita kewayon kayan aikin da ake da su.
Skillbox yana ba da shawarar:
- Kwas na aiki na shekara biyu .
- Darussan kan layi .
- Kwas din shekara mai amfani .
source: www.habr.com