[Animation] Alamomin fasaha suna mamaye duniya

Ƙirƙirar alamar duniya mai ɗorewa da gasa aiki ne mara nauyi.

Ayyukan abubuwan da suka shafi IT suna haifar da sake tunani game da ainihin manufar "fa'idar gasa." Ta hanyar ba da amsa da sauri ga buƙatun mabukaci da yin amfani da ikon alama, waɗannan kamfanoni suna ci gaba da haifar da madaidaitan hanyoyin magance ƙalubale masu tasowa.

Hotunan da ke ƙasa suna nuna mafi kyawun samfuran kayayyaki a cikin 2019 idan aka kwatanta da 2001, bisa ga ƙimar mafi kyawun samfuran duniya na shekara-shekara. Wannan yana kwatanta yadda kamfanonin fasaha suka yi nasarar haɓaka har zuwa sikelin duniya a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci, suna tura mastodons na kasuwanci na gargajiya a baya.

An yi fassarar tare da goyan bayan EDISON Software.

Muna keɓancewa inganta injin bincike (SEO) da bayanan martaba na yanar gizo akan hanyoyin sadarwar zamantakewa, sannan kuma munyi alkawari sarrafa kansa na hanyoyin kasuwanci, gudanarwa da lissafin kuɗi.

Muna son haɓaka samfuran! 😉

Menene daidaiton alama kuma yadda za a auna shi?

Mawallafa na Ƙimar Mafi Kyau ta Duniya sun ƙirƙiri wata dabara don auna ƙimar alamar. Ƙimar alama ita ce ƙimar yanzu mai lamba (NPV), ko ƙimar halin yanzu na kudaden shiga da alama za ta samar a nan gaba.

Ƙididdiga ta ƙididdige nau'o'i bisa ga hangen nesa na kuɗi, rawar alama da ƙarfin alama.

Takaitaccen bayanin hanyar tantancewaKima yana amfani da abubuwa masu mahimmanci guda uku:

1. Analysis na kudi Manuniya samfurin samfuri da sabis.
2. Matsayin da alamar ta taka a cikin shawarwarin siyan mabukaci.
3. Alamar gasa.

1. Binciken kudi

   Yana auna jimlar kuɗin da aka samu ga masu zuba jari, ko a wata ma'ana, ribar tattalin arziki. Ribar tattalin arziki tana aiki riba bayan haraji ban da duk farashi.

2. Matsayin alamar

   Wannan al'amari yana nuna girman abin da alamar kanta ke tasiri ga shawarar siyan samfur/sabis, ba tare da la'akari da wasu dalilai ba (kamar farashi, dacewa ko halayen samfur). Ma'anar Matsayin Alamar (BRI) tana ba da ƙima mai ƙima cikin sharuddan kashi. Ƙaddamar da RBI ga kamfanonin duniya, dangane da alamar, ana ƙididdige su ta amfani da ɗayan hanyoyi uku:

   • binciken kasuwa na kasuwa;
   • kwatanta da IRB na sauran nau'ikan masana'antu iri ɗaya;
   • nazari na gwani.

3. Alamar gasa

   Wannan yana auna ikon alamar don ƙirƙirar amincin abokin ciniki mai ɗorewa, wanda ke tabbatar da ci gaba da buƙata da kwanciyar hankali a nan gaba. Ana gudanar da kima bisa dalilai 10, waɗanda aka kimanta ingancinsu dangane da sauran samfuran duniya a cikin masana'antar. Binciken gasa yana ba da zurfin fahimta game da ƙarfi da raunin alama.

Wadannan abubuwa 10 sun dogara ne akan ma'auni na ciki da na waje.

Abubuwan ciki:

	Fahimta. Fahimtar fahimta tsakanin ma'aikatan kamfanin game da abin da alamar ke nunawa dangane da dabi'unsa, matsayi da sadaukarwa. Har ila yau, ya ƙunshi fahimtar ko wanene masu sauraro da aka yi niyya.
	Alƙawari. Ƙaunar ma'aikata ga alamar, imani da mahimmancinsa da manufa.
	Gudanarwa. Yadda ƙwararrun gudanarwar ke cikin lamuran haɓaka tambari, da ko dabarun haɓaka gabaɗayan yana da tasiri.
	Sassauci. Ƙarfin ƙungiya don ci gaba da bunƙasa kasuwancinta, tsammanin canje-canjen kasuwa, matsaloli da dama, da kuma amsa su a cikin lokaci.

Abubuwan waje:

	Gaskiya. An gina alama akan labarinsa, gaskiyar ciki da dama. Ana biyan tsammanin abokan ciniki (high)?
	Mahimmanci. Abubuwan da suka dace da buƙatun mabukaci, bin ka'idojin yanke shawara don siyan samfur don madaidaitan alƙaluma da yankuna.
	Bambance-bambance. Matsakaicin abin da masu amfani ke ganin alamar a matsayin sadaukarwa daban.
	Daidaitawa. Har zuwa nawa ne aka gwada alamar ba tare da gazawa ba a kowane tsari da wuraren tuntuɓar masu sauraro.
	Sakamakon kasancewar.Yadda alamar ke ji a ko'ina. Shin masu amfani, abokan ciniki da magoya baya suna magana game da shi da kyau? Tantance ra'ayin jama'a duka ta hanyoyin sadarwar gargajiya da kuma a cikin cibiyoyin sadarwar jama'a.
	Shiga Matsakaicin abin da abokan ciniki ke nuna zurfin fahimta, shiga aiki da kuma ma'anar ganewa tare da alamar.

Bayanan bayanai

Tabbatacciyar ƙima ta ƙunshi cikakken bincike na maɓuɓɓugar bayanai daban-daban. Baya ga binciken tebur da yanke hukunci na ƙwararru, tushen bayanai masu zuwa (inda akwai) an haɗa su cikin ƙirar ƙima:

• Bayanan kudi: rahotanni na shekara-shekara, gabatarwa ga masu zuba jari, nazari daban-daban, da dai sauransu.
• Bayanan duniya game da kayan masarufi, ƙididdigar tallace-tallace daga buɗaɗɗe da rufaffiyar kafofin.
• Nazarin rubutu, sa ido kan hanyar sadarwar zamantakewa.

Dokokin fasaha

A shekara ta 2001, an ƙiyasta ƙimar haɗaɗɗiyar samfuran akan dala biliyan 988. A yau ya riga ya kasance dala tiriliyan 2,1 kuma yana nuna ƙimar haɓakar shekara-shekara na 4,4%. A cikin shekaru da yawa, ƙwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararrun fasaha na duniya sun haɓaka a cikin kima kuma yanzu suna da wani muhimmin yanki na ƙimar alamar gabaɗaya.

A yau, manyan 700 suna da haɗin ƙima na kusan dala biliyan 10, kuma kamfanonin fasaha sun kai rabin samfuran 2019 mafi daraja a duniya. Ba zai yi mamakin kowa ba cewa Apple ya riƙe taken mafi daraja a duniya a cikin XNUMX - shekara ta bakwai a jere.

Kamfanoni 31 ne kawai daga matsayi na 2001 sun kasance a cikin jerin samfuran mafi kyawun duniya na yanzu, gami da Disney, Nike da Gucci. Coca-Cola da Microsoft na daga cikin 'yan kalilan da suka rage a cikin goma na sama.

A ƙasa akwai manyan kamfanoni ashirin mafi daraja a duniya. Ana haskaka masana'antar IT da shuɗi.

Matsayi	Alamar	Darajar alama ($ biliyan)	Canji a kowace shekara	Masana'antu
#1	apple	$234 biliyan	↑ 9%	IT da fasaha
#2	Google	$168 biliyan	↑ 8%	IT da fasaha
#3	Amazon	$125 biliyan	↑ 24%	IT da fasaha
#4	Microsoft	$108 biliyan	↑ 17%	IT da fasaha
#5	Coca-Cola	$63 biliyan	↓ -4%	Abin sha
#6	Samsung	$61 biliyan	↑ 2%	IT da fasaha
#7	toyota	$56 biliyan	↑ 5%	Auto
#8	Mercedes Benz	$51 biliyan	↑ 4%	Auto
#9	McDonald ta	$45 biliyan	↑ 4%	Abincin jama'a
#10	Disney	$44 biliyan	↑ 11%	Nishaɗi
#11	BMW	$41 biliyan	↑ 1%	Auto
#12	IBM	$40 biliyan	↓ -6%	IT da fasaha
#13	Intel	40 biliyan	↓ -7%	IT da fasaha
#14	Facebook	$40 biliyan	↓ -12%	IT da fasaha
#15	Cisco	$35 biliyan	↑ 3%	IT da fasaha
#16	Nike	$32 biliyan	↑ 7%	Tallace-tallace
#17	Louis Vuitton	$32 biliyan	↑ 14%	Tallace-tallace
#18	Oracle	$26 biliyan	↑ 1%	IT da fasaha
#19	general Electric	$25 biliyan	↑ 22%	Multi-masana'antu.
#20	SAP	$25 biliyan	↑ 10%	IT da fasaha

Sauran samfuran daga TOP 100Kamfanonin da, saboda dalili ɗaya ko wani, ba a haɗa su cikin martabar shekarar da ta gabata ana yiwa alama Sabuwa.

Matsayi	Alamar	Darajar alama ($ biliyan)	Canji a kowace shekara	Masana'antu
#21	Honda	$24 biliyan	↑ 3%	Auto
#22	Chanel	$22 biliyan	↑ 11%	Tallace-tallace
#23	American Express	$22 biliyan	↑ 13%	IT da fasaha
#24	Pepsi	$20 biliyan	↓ -1%	Abin sha
#25	JP Morgan	$19 biliyan	↑ 8%	Kudi
#26	Ikea	$18 biliyan	↑ 5%	Tallace-tallace
#27	UPS	$18 biliyan	↑ 7%	Kasuwanci
#28	Hamisa	$18 biliyan	↑ 9%	Tallace-tallace
#29	Zara	$17 biliyan	↓ -3%	Tallace-tallace
#30	H&M	$16 biliyan	↓ -3%	Tallace-tallace
#31	Accenture	$16 biliyan	↑ 14%	Ayyukan kasuwanci
#32	Budweiser	$16 biliyan	↑ 3%	Barasa
#33	Gucci	$16 biliyan	↑ 23%	Tallace-tallace
#34	Wasikunku	$16 biliyan	↓ -5%	FMCG
#35	Ford	$14 biliyan	↑ 2%	Auto
#36	Hyundai	$14 biliyan	↑ 5%	Auto
#37	Gillette	$14 biliyan	↓ -18%	FMCG
#38	Nescafe	$14 biliyan	↑ 4%	Abin sha
#39	Adobe	$13 biliyan	↑ 20%	IT da fasaha
#40	Volkswagen	$13 biliyan	↑ 6%	Auto
#41	Citi	$13 biliyan	↑ 10%	Ayyukan kudi
#42	Audi	$13 biliyan	↑ 4%	Auto
#43	Allianz	$12 biliyan	↑ 12%	Assurance
#44	eBay	$12 biliyan	↓ -8%	IT da fasaha
#45	Adidas	$12 biliyan	↑ 11%	Fashion, tufafi
#46	Axa	$12 biliyan	↑ 6%	Assurance
#47	HSBC	$12 biliyan	↑ 5%	Kudi
#48	Starbucks	$12 biliyan	↑ 23%	Abincin jama'a
#49	Philips	$12 biliyan	↓ -4%	Lantarki
#50	Porsche	$12 biliyan	↑ 9%	Auto
#51	Abinda yake	$11 biliyan	↑ 4%	FMCG
#52	Nissan	$11 biliyan	↓ -6%	Auto
#53	Goldman Sachs	$11 biliyan	↓ -4%	Kudi
#54	Hewlett Packard	$11 biliyan	↑ 4%	IT da fasaha
#55	Visa	$11 biliyan	↑ 19%	IT da fasaha
#56	Sony	$10 biliyan	↑ 13%	IT da fasaha
#57	kelloggs	$10 biliyan	↓ -2%	FMCG
#58	Siemens	$10 biliyan	↑ 1%	IT da fasaha
#59	Danone	$10 biliyan	↑ 4%	FMCG
#60	Nestle	$9 biliyan	↑ 7%	Abin sha
#61	Canon	$9 biliyan	↓ -9%	IT da fasaha
#62	MasterCard	$9 biliyan	↑ 25%	IT da fasaha
#63	Dell Technologies	$9 biliyan	New	IT da fasaha
#64	3M	$9 biliyan	↓ -1%	IT da fasaha
#65	Netflix	$9 biliyan	↑ 10%	Nishaɗi
#66	Colgate	$9 biliyan	↑ 2%	FMCG
#67	Santander	$8 biliyan	↑ 13%	Kudi
#68	Cartier	$8 biliyan	↑ 7%	Kayan alatu
#69	Morgan Stanley	$8 biliyan	↓ -7%	Kudi
#70	Salesforce	$8 biliyan	↑ 24%	IT da fasaha
#71	Hewlett Packard ciniki	$8 biliyan	↓ -3%	IT da fasaha
#72	PayPal	$8 biliyan	↑ 15%	IT da fasaha
#73	FedEx	$7 biliyan	↑ 2%	Kasuwanci
#74	Huawei	$7 biliyan	↓ -9%	IT da fasaha
#75	LEGO	$7 biliyan	↑ 5%	FMCG
#76	Caterpillar	$7 biliyan	↑ 19%	Multi-masana'antu.
#77	Ferrari	$6 biliyan	↑ 12%	Auto
#78	Kia	$6 biliyan	↓ -7%	Auto
#79	Corona	$6 biliyan	↑ 15%	Barasa
#80	Jack Daniels	$6 biliyan	↑ 13%	Barasa
#81	Panasonic	$6 biliyan	↓ -2%	IT da fasaha
#82	Dior	$6 biliyan	↑ 16%	Fashion, tufafi
#83	DHL	$6 biliyan	↑ 2%	Kasuwanci
#84	John Deere	$6 biliyan	↑ 9%	Multi-masana'antu.
#85	Land Rover	$6 biliyan	↓ -6%	Auto
#86	Johnson & Johnson	$6 biliyan	↓ -8%	Tallace-tallace
#87	Uber	$6 biliyan	New	IT da fasaha
#88	Heineken	$5,626	↑ 4%	Barasa
#89	Nintendo	$6 biliyan	↑ 18%	Nishaɗi
#90	MINI	$5 biliyan	↑ 5%	Auto
#91	Discovery	$5 biliyan	↓ -4%	Nishaɗi
#92	Spotify	$5 biliyan	↑ 7%	IT da fasaha
#93	KFC	$5 biliyan	↑ 1%	Abincin jama'a
#94	Tiffany & Co.	$5 biliyan	↓ -5%	Fashion, tufafi
#95	Karin	$5 biliyan	↑ 12%	Barasa
#96	Donna	$5 biliyan	↑ 4%	Fashion, tufafi
#97	Shell	$5 biliyan	↓ -3%	Masana'antar wutar lantarki
#98	LinkedIn	$5 biliyan	New	IT da fasaha
#99	Kawasaki	$5 biliyan	↓ -7%	Auto
#100	Prada	$5 biliyan	↓ -1%	Fashion, tufafi

A cikin 2001 (shekara ta farko a cikin rahoton), an fara wakilta nau'ikan iri 100. Tun daga wannan lokacin, kamfanonin fasaha da yawa sun shiga cikin bandwagon kuma sun tashi zuwa saman jerin. Yayin da sanannun samfuran 137 (ciki har da Nokia da MTV) aka haɗa su cikin ƙima cikin shekaru.
sannan ya fado daga ciki.

A wani gagarumin sauyi, Facebook ya kasance a matsayi guda a cikin 10 na farko, amma sai ya fadi daga cikin 14 na farko kuma ya dauki matsayi na XNUMX bayan shekara mai wahala. Duk da haka, wannan ba abin mamaki bane. Giant ɗin fasahar ya shiga cikin ƙararraki tun daga batutuwan sirrin bayanai zuwa tasirin siyasa.

Wadanne iri ne suka fi girma girma?

Samfuran da suka fi girma cikin sauri na 2019 kuma suna siginar mamaye fasaha, tare da Mastercard, Salesforce da Amazon kan gaba.

Kamfanonin da ke cikin wannan matsayi sun girma sosai idan aka kwatanta da bara.

Matsayi	Alamar	Darajar alama ($ biliyan)	Canji a kowace shekara	Masana'antu
#1	MasterCard	$9 biliyan	↑ 25%	IT da fasaha
#2	Salesforce	$8 biliyan	↑ 24%	IT da fasaha
#3	Amazon	$125 biliyan	↑ 24%	IT da fasaha
#4	Gucci	$16 biliyan	↑ 23%	Cinikin ciniki
#5	Starbucks	$12 biliyan	↑ 23%	Abincin jama'a
#6	Adobe	$13 biliyan	↑ 20%	IT da fasaha
#7	Visa	$11 biliyan	↑ 19%	IT da fasaha
#8	Caterpillar	$7 biliyan	↑ 19%	Multi-masana'antu.
#9	Nintendo	$6 biliyan	↑ 18%	Nishaɗi
#10	Microsoft	$108 biliyan	↑ 17%	IT da fasaha

Nasarar waɗannan samfuran ana iya danganta su ga iyawarsu na hasashen canza tsammanin abokin ciniki.

Duk da yake an tattauna dangantakar dake tsakanin aikin kasuwanci da daidaito a cikin shekaru da yawa, a bayyane yake cewa gamsuwar abokin ciniki yana taimakawa wajen ƙarfafa alama kuma yana ba da gudummawa ga sakamako mai ban sha'awa na kudi.

Ku karya dokokin ku, in ba haka ba masu fafatawa za su karya ku

Baya ga tsammanin canjin buƙatu, wasu samfuran da suka fi nasara kuma suna yin niyya ga ƙaramin abokin ciniki. Wannan shi ne sananne a cikin alatu da dillalai, biyu daga cikin sassan da suka fi saurin girma a shekara ta biyu a jere.

Matasan masu sauraro a cikin abubuwan da suka fi so na siyayya sun mayar da hankali kan fasaha, suna karuwa kuma sun fi son raba kwarewa tare da juna. Sakamakon haka, samfuran gargajiya a duk masana'antu suna yin sabbin abubuwa don riƙe waɗannan masu sauraro, kuma wasu kamfanoni da gaske suna zama masu fasaha da kansu a cikin tsari.

Gucci, alal misali, yana danganta sabuntawar ta na yanzu tare da neman ingantaccen haɗin kerawa da fasaha. Kamfanin, wanda tushen kasuwancinsa ya kasance tarihin tarihi, yanzu yana mai da hankali sosai kan kasuwancin e-commerce da kafofin watsa labarun don yin hulɗa tare da abokan cinikin Gen Z.

Hakazalika, kwanan nan Walmart ya sanar da cewa yana amfani da belun kunne na gaskiya da na'urar koyon injin don yin gogayya da Amazon.

Shin duk kamfanonin gargajiya za su zama kamfanonin fasaha - ko za a ci su da rai?

Karanta kuma a kan EDISON Software blog:

Duniyar Waya: yadda hanyar sadarwa ta igiyoyi na karkashin ruwa ta mamaye duniya cikin shekaru 35

source: www.habr.com