Hai Habr!
Wa zai yi karatu? Shin zan je karatun kimiyyar kwamfuta ko in zama injiniyan software? Waɗannan tambayoyin sun dace sosai a zamaninmu.
Me zaku zaba?
Mutanen da ke fara tafiya a fagen IT kuma za su shiga cikin wasu jami'o'in fasaha ko kuma kawai suna neman shirye-shiryen horar da shirye-shirye, galibi suna fuskantar manyan kwatance. Abin nufi a nan shi ne, a kowane fanni na wannan fanni, abubuwan da suka shafi sun yi kama da juna, musamman a shekara ta 1 da ta 2.
Domin a fayyace, za mu raba dukkan fagage zuwa sansanoni biyu - Kimiyyar Kwamfuta da Injin Injiniya. Bambanci mai mahimmanci shine cewa shugabanci na farko ya fi sauƙi kuma suna nazarin muhimman abubuwa mafi kyau, yayin da na biyu yana nufin ƙarin ƙwarewa masu amfani wajen ƙirƙirar shirye-shirye don kasuwa. Ko wanne daga cikin waɗannan wuraren da kuka zaɓa, za ku zama mai tsara shirye-shirye. Mafi mahimmanci, za ku je wani wuri don yin aiki bayan ko lokacin karatunku, kuma ainihin ɓangaren ci gaba za a ba ku izinin shiga da abin da za ku iya nema zai tabbatar da inda kuka zaɓa.
Duk sansanonin biyu suna ɗaukar batutuwa iri ɗaya a farkon semesters 2-4, kamar algebra na layi, ƙididdiga, lissafi mai hankali, da ma'auni daban-daban. Duk waɗannan ilimin lissafi yawanci ana karanta su a sansanonin biyu, amma Kimiyyar Kwamfuta ta ƙara ƙarin kwas guda ɗaya a cikin ƙwararrun lissafi da ma'auni daban-daban. Har ila yau, gama gari ga kowane fanni shine gabatarwar ilimin kimiyyar kwamfuta na gabaɗaya, kuma anan ne aka fara bambance-bambancen. A cikin jagorar Kimiyyar Kwamfuta, suna magana ne game da gine-ginen kwamfuta, ka'idar lissafin algorithms, tsarin bayanai da nazarin su, yadda shirye-shiryen ke aiki da kuma yadda za a iya rubuta su ta hanyar amfani da ƙira na gargajiya, tsarin aiki, masu tarawa, da sauransu. Wato ana rufe babban tushe. Bi da bi, Injiniya Software yayi magana game da ƙirar OOP, gwajin software, tushen tsarin aiki, da sauransu. A takaice dai, ana rufe nazarin fasahohin ne ta yadda dalibi zai iya koyon amfani da hanyoyin da aka tsara da kuma, tare da taimakonsu, warware matsalolin kasuwanci daban-daban. Duk waɗannan ana nazarin su ne a farkon shekarar karatu.
Bugu da ari, tuni a cikin shekara ta 2nd, duka sansanonin sun fara nazarin batutuwa kamar gine-ginen kwamfuta da tsarin aiki, amma Injiniyan Software yana nazarin waɗannan batutuwa a zahiri. Wannan ya faru ne saboda gaskiyar cewa suna horar da mutanen da ba za su sami alaƙa da waɗannan batutuwa ba. Tun daga shekara ta 2 na karatu, Kimiyyar Kwamfuta ta fara ƙara matsa lamba akan microarchitecture da kernels na OS, kuma a cikin haɓaka software suna ba da fifiko kan mu'amalar masu amfani, gwaji, nazarin software, kowane nau'ikan dabarun gudanarwa da sauransu. Ana nazarin OOP a bangarorin biyu yana da zurfi sosai, tunda wannan tsarin shirye-shiryen ya shahara sosai a zamanin yau kuma kawai kuna buƙatar sani game da shi.
Shekara ta 3 na karatu a Kimiyyar Kwamfuta an sadaukar da ita ga nazarin haɗakarwa, cryptography, AI, tushen haɓaka software, zane-zane na 3D da ka'idar tarawa. Kuma a cikin Injiniyan Software suna nazarin tsarin tsaro, hanyoyin sadarwa da Intanet, sarrafa software da gudanarwa gabaɗaya. Amma dangane da jami'a, waɗannan batutuwa da zurfin da ke cikin su na iya bambanta.
Wataƙila babbar tambaya ta wannan labarin ta kasance tambayar inda ya fi kyau in je. Duk ya dogara da abubuwan da kuke so. Idan kana son zama injiniya mai sassauƙa da iya aiki, to ya kamata ka je Kimiyyar Kwamfuta. Kuma idan kuna son haɗa rayuwar ku tare da haɓaka software kuma ku sami damar ƙirƙirar wasu shirye-shirye masu amfani ga masu amfani da ƙarshen, to Software Engineering na ku ne kawai.
A taqaice dai, ina so in ce a fannin ilimin kwamfuta za a koya maka yadda za a magance matsaloli da kuma fito da kyawawan hanyoyi don magance waxannan matsalolin, sannan a cikin manhajar Software za a mayar da kai hamshakin shirin kasuwanci wanda zai iya tafiyar da ayyuka. mutane da ƙirƙirar software na zamani.
source: www.habr.com