Kafin mu ci gaba zuwa Disco Elysium, bari mu koma shekaru 100. A cikin 1910s da 20s Lev Kuleshov ya nuna tasirin gyare-gyaren fim - dangane da kwatancen firam guda biyu da aka sanya gefe da gefe, sabon ma'ana ya bayyana. Kuleshov harbe wani kusa-up na actor ta fuskar, sa'an nan 3 karin Frames: wani kwano na miya, yarinya a cikin akwatin gawa da yarinya a kan gadon filawa.
Dangane da waɗanne firam ɗin guda biyu aka nuna wa masu sauraro, hasashe kuma ya canza. Masu kallo sun yi tunanin mutumin yana jin yunwa (kwano na miya), bakin ciki (wata yarinya a cikin akwatin gawa), ko kuma sha'awar (mace). Amma a gaskiya, yanayin fuskar mutum iri ɗaya ne a kowane hali, kawai hoton farko ya bambanta. Wannan tasirin tunani, wanda ake kira tasirin Kuleshov, yana nuna yadda abun ciki ke tasiri ma'anar da aka fitar.
Tasirin Kuleshov ya bayyana a cikin labarun wasanni na reshe kuma yana amfani da dalilai guda biyu: na farko, don yin zaɓi mai ban sha'awa, na biyu, don iyakance makircin.
Misali. Halin zai ci amanar babban hali a wani wuri a cikin makircin. Mai kunnawa zai iya yin zaɓin da zai shafi dangantakarsa da wannan hali:
- "Mai kyau": mai kunnawa yana taimaka masa, kuma halin ya amsa da kyau. Lokacin da cin amana ya faru, wannan hali ya zama mai yin makirci.
- "Babban". Mai kunnawa yana cutar da shi, kuma halin ya nisanta kansa. Yaya ake gane halin a wannan yanayin? Shine maci amana da ake tsammani.
Don iyakance makircin, a cikin tasirin Kuleshov za'a iya rarraba zaɓin mai kunnawa azaman "harbi" (na farko "harbi" = kwano na miya). Cin amana shine "harbi" da aka fassara a cikin mahallin ("harbi" na biyu = fuskar mutum). An ba mai kunnawa 'yancin yin aiki a farkon, amma ba a cikin na biyu ba. Wannan yana taimaka mana mu yanke shawara game da zaɓin da ɗan wasan zai iya yi. Alal misali, ƙila ba za a sami zaɓi don kashe maci amana ba saboda "harbi" na biyu yana buƙatar ya kasance da rai. Wannan yana iyakance tasirin tasirin mai kunnawa akan labarin yayin ba su damar bincika nasu labarin.
Yanzu bari mu koma Disco Elysium. Wannan RPG ne, don haka kamar kowane, yana da kididdigar halaye. Waɗannan ba ƙididdiga na D&D ba ne kamar ƙarfi, hikima, kwarjini, da sauransu. Ƙididdiga a Disco Elysium shine tausayi, kundin sani da iko. Da yawan maki da mai kunnawa ke saka hannun jari a cikin waɗannan ƙwarewa, mafi kyawun halayen ya kasance a gare su, kuma suna daɗa tasiri a kansa. Idan baku yi wasa ba, kuna iya tambaya, "Yaya halin ɗan wasan zai iya shafar tausayi?" Amsa: dangantaka.
Dangantaka layukan tattaunawa ne waɗanda kididdigar halinku ta shafa. Misali, idan mutum yana da tausayi sosai, to zai zo ne yayin zance kamar: “Ya yi ƙoƙari kada ya nuna shi, amma gawar da ke bayan gida ya baci.” Sa'an nan, lokacin da mai kunnawa ya sami zaɓuɓɓukan tattaunawa, yana kimanta su bisa ga wannan jin daɗi. Wasu lokuta mafi ban dariya a wasan suna faruwa lokacin da ƙididdiga biyu ke ba da zaɓuɓɓuka daban-daban. Misali, idan tausayi ya ce ka tausayawa saboda wani hali yana gab da lalacewa, to hukuma ta ba da shawarar a kara tura shi zuwa ga wannan.
Me yasa zabi a Disco Elysium ya fi tursasawa fiye da misalin cin amana da ke sama? A cikin misali na farko, zaɓin ɗan wasan ya haɗa da “harbin” mahallin mahallin. Cin amanar da babu makawa shine “harbi” da aka fassara a cikin mahallin. A cikin Disco Elysium, mahallin "harbi" dangantaka ce, don haka zaɓin tattaunawa zai iya zama "harbi" wanda aka fassara a matsayin "harbin nan gaba". Zaɓuɓɓukan mai kunnawa ba su da ma'ana. Ƙashin ƙasa: aiki tare da mahallin yana haifar da ma'ana.
Haɗin kai shine tasirin Kuleshov a matakin micro. Zaɓuɓɓukan tattaunawa da mai kunnawa ke karɓa suna da nasu mahallin, halayen halayensu suna tasiri. Sakamakon Kuleshov ba kawai fahimta ba ne a wannan lokacin - mai kunnawa zai iya yin aiki a kai.
source: www.habr.com