Daga magance bakin ciki zuwa rage illar cutar Parkinson da tada marasa lafiya a cikin yanayin ciyayi, kuzarin kwakwalwar wutar lantarki yana da babbar dama. Wani sabon binciken yana da nufin mayar da raguwar fahimi ta hanyar inganta ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya da ƙwarewar koyo. Wani gwaji da masu bincike na Jami'ar Boston suka gudanar ya nuna wata dabarar da ba ta da tasiri wacce za ta iya dawo da ƙwaƙwalwar aiki a cikin tsofaffi a cikin 70s har zuwa cewa yana da kyau kamar na mutane a cikin 20s.
Yawancin karatun motsa jiki suna amfani da na'urorin lantarki da aka dasa a takamaiman wuraren kwakwalwa don sadar da abubuwan motsa jiki. Ana kiran wannan hanya "zurfi" ko "kai tsaye" haɓakawar kwakwalwa kuma yana da amfaninsa saboda daidaitaccen matsayi na sakamako. Duk da haka, shigar da na'urori a cikin kwakwalwa ba shi da amfani sosai, kuma ana danganta shi da wasu haɗarin kumburi ko kamuwa da cuta idan ba a bi duk matakan aiki ba.
Wani zaɓi shine haɓakawa kai tsaye ta hanyar amfani da hanyar da ba ta da ƙarfi (ba ta hanyar tiyata ba) ta hanyar lantarki da ke kan fatar kan kai, wanda ke ba da damar yin amfani da irin wannan har ma a gida. Wannan ita ce hanyar Rob Reinhart, masanin kimiyyar neuroscientist a Jami'ar Boston, ya yanke shawarar yin amfani da shi a wani yunƙuri na inganta ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar tsofaffi, wanda yakan raunana da shekaru.
Musamman ma, gwaje-gwajensa sun mayar da hankali ga ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar aiki, wanda shine nau'in ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya da aka kunna lokacin, alal misali, mun tuna abin da za mu saya a kantin sayar da kayan abinci ko ƙoƙarin nemo makullin motar mu. A cewar Reinhart, ƙwaƙwalwar aiki na iya fara raguwa tun yana da shekaru 30 yayin da sassa daban-daban na kwakwalwa suka fara rasa haɗin kansu kuma sun zama ƙasa da daidaituwa. Lokacin da muka kai shekaru 60 ko 70, wannan rashin daidaituwa na iya haifar da raguwar fahimi a cikin aikin fahimi.
Wani masanin kimiya ya gano hanyar da za a maido da alakar da ke da alaka da jijiyoyi. Hanyar ta dogara ne akan abubuwa biyu na aikin kwakwalwa. Na farko shine "haɗin kai," inda ake kunna sassa daban-daban na kwakwalwa a cikin jerin da aka ba su, kamar ƙwararrun mawaƙa masu kyau. Na biyu shine “aiki tare,” inda aka daidaita rhythms a hankali da aka fi sani da theta rhythms da alaƙa da hippocampus da kyau. Duk waɗannan ayyuka biyu suna raguwa tare da shekaru kuma suna shafar aikin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya.
Don gwajin nasa, Reinhart ya ɗauki gungun matasa masu shekaru 20, da kuma gungun manya a cikin 60s da 70s. Dole ne kowace ƙungiya ta kammala jerin takamaiman ayyuka waɗanda suka haɗa da kallon hoto, dakatarwa, kallon hoto na biyu, sannan amfani da ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya don gano bambance-bambance a cikinsu.
Ba abin mamaki bane cewa ƙaramin rukunin gwaji ya yi mafi kyau fiye da na tsohuwar. Amma sai Reinhart ya yi amfani da minti 25 na motsa jiki a hankali ga cortex na tsofaffi, tare da bugun jini da aka kunna ga kowane nau'in jijiyar majiyyaci don dacewa da yankin cortex da ke da alhakin ƙwaƙwalwar aiki. Bayan haka, ƙungiyoyin sun ci gaba da kammala ayyukan, kuma gibin daidaiton aiki a tsakanin su ya ɓace. Sakamakon ya kasance na akalla minti 50 bayan ƙarfafawa. Bugu da ƙari, Reinhart ya gano cewa yana iya inganta aikin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya har ma a cikin matasan da suka yi aiki mara kyau a kan ayyukan.
"Mun gano cewa batutuwa a cikin shekarun 20s da ke da wahalar kammala ayyukan sun sami damar cin gajiyar irin wannan abin ƙarfafawa," in ji Reinhart. "Mun sami damar inganta ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar aikin su ko da ba su wuce shekaru 60 ko 70 ba."
Reinhart na fatan ci gaba da nazarin yadda kuzarin kwakwalwa zai iya inganta aikin kwakwalwar dan adam, musamman ga wadanda ke fama da cutar Alzheimer.
"Wannan yana buɗe sabbin damar yin bincike da magani," in ji shi. "Kuma mun yi matukar farin ciki da hakan."
An buga binciken ne a cikin mujallar Nature Neuroscience.
source: 3dnews.ru