A baya mun nuna namu и . A yau zaku iya duba dakin gwaje-gwaje na gani na Faculty of Physics and Technology na Jami'ar ITMO.
Hotuna: XNUMXD nanolithograph
Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Materials na Cibiyar Bincike don Nanophotonics da Metamaterials () a gindi .
Ma'aikatansa suna aiki kaddarorin : plasmons, excitons da polaritons. Waɗannan karatun za su ba da damar ƙirƙirar kwamfutoci masu cikakken aiki na gani da ƙididdigewa. An raba dakin gwaje-gwaje zuwa wurare da yawa na aiki wanda ke rufe dukkan matakan aiki tare da ƙananan kayan ƙididdigewa: shirye-shiryen samfurin, ƙirƙira su, haɓakawa da nazarin gani.
Yankin farko yana sanye da duk abin da ake buƙata don shirye-shiryen samfurin .
An shigar da mai tsabtace ultrasonic don tsaftace su, kuma don tabbatar da aiki mai aminci tare da barasa, an sanye shi da murfi mai ƙarfi a nan. Ana ba mu wasu kayan bincike ta dakunan gwaje-gwaje na abokan tarayya a Finland, Singapore da Denmark.
Don bakara samfurori, an shigar da BINDER FD Classic.Line bushewa majalisar a cikin dakin. Abubuwan dumama da ke cikinsa suna kula da yanayin zafi daga 10 zuwa 300 ° C. Yana da kebul na USB don ci gaba da lura da zafin jiki yayin gwajin.
Ma'aikatan dakin gwaje-gwaje kuma suna amfani da wannan ɗakin don gudanar da gwaje-gwajen damuwa da gwajin tsufa akan samfuran. Irin waɗannan gwaje-gwajen suna da mahimmanci don fahimtar yadda kayan aiki da na'urori ke aiki a ƙarƙashin wasu yanayi: daidaitattun da matsananci.
Ana shigar da nanolithograph mai girma uku a cikin ɗaki na gaba. Yana ba da damar ƙirƙira nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nanometer ɗari da yawa.
Ka'idar aikinsa ta dogara ne akan abin da ya faru na polymerization na hoto biyu. Ainihin, firinta ce ta 3D wacce ke amfani da lasers don siffata wani abu daga polymer ruwa. Polymer yana taurare kawai a wurin da katakon Laser ya mayar da hankali.
Hotuna: XNUMXD nanolithograph
Ba kamar daidaitattun fasahohin lithography ba, waɗanda ake amfani da su don ƙirƙirar na'urori masu sarrafawa da aiki tare da ƙananan yadudduka na kayan, polymerization na hoto biyu yana ba da damar ƙirƙirar rikitattun sifofi masu girma uku. Misali, kamar haka:
Ana amfani da dakin na gaba na dakin gwaje-gwaje don gwaje-gwaje na gani.
Akwai babban tebur na gani mai tsayi kusan mita goma, cike da kayan aiki da yawa. Babban abubuwan da ke cikin kowane shigarwa sune tushen hasken wuta (laser da fitilu), spectrometers da microscopes. Ɗayan microscopes yana da tashoshi na gani guda uku a lokaci ɗaya - babba, gefe da ƙananan.
Ana iya amfani da shi don aunawa ba kawai watsawa da bakan gani ba, har ma da watsawa. Ƙarshen yana ba da bayanai masu arziƙi game da nanoobjects, alal misali, halayen bakan gizo da kuma yanayin radiation na nanoantennas.
A cikin hoto: tasirin watsawar haske akan ƙwayoyin silicon
Duk kayan aiki suna kan tebur tare da tsarin hana girgiza guda ɗaya. Za'a iya aika radiation na kowane Laser zuwa kowane na'urar gani da microscopes ta amfani da ƴan madubai kuma ana iya ci gaba da bincike.
Laser iskar gas mai ci gaba tare da kunkuntar bakan yana ba da damar yin gwaje-gwaje akan . Ƙwararren Laser yana mayar da hankali kan saman samfurin, kuma ana yin rikodin bakan na hasken da aka watsa ta hanyar spectrometer.
Layukan kunkuntar da suka dace da watsawar haske marasa ƙarfi (tare da canji a tsayin raƙuman ruwa) ana lura da su a cikin bakan. Wadannan kololuwa suna ba da bayani game da tsarin crystal na samfurin, kuma wani lokacin har ma game da daidaitawar kwayoyin halitta.
Har ila yau, akwai na'urar laser femtosecond a cikin ɗakin. Yana da ikon samar da gajeru (femtose seconds 100 - Tiriliyan goma na daƙiƙa ɗaya) na hasken Laser tare da babban ƙarfi. A sakamakon haka, muna samun damar yin nazarin tasirin gani mara kyau: ƙarni na mitoci ninki biyu da sauran muhimman abubuwan da ba za a iya samu ba a ƙarƙashin yanayin yanayi.
Cryostat din mu kuma yana cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje. Yana ba da damar ma'auni na gani tare da saitin tushe iri ɗaya, amma a ƙananan zafin jiki - har zuwa Kelvin bakwai, wanda yayi daidai da -266 ° C.
A karkashin irin wannan yanayi, za a iya lura da dama na musamman al'amurran da suka shafi, musamman, tsarin mulki na karfi hadewa tsakanin haske da kwayoyin halitta, a lokacin da photon da exciton (electron-rami biyu) samar da guda barbashi - wani exciton-polariton. Polaritons suna riƙe babban alƙawari a fagen ƙididdige ƙididdigewa da na'urori masu ƙarfi da tasirin da ba na kan layi ba.
A cikin hoton: INTEGRA binciken microscope
A cikin dakin karshe na dakin gwaje-gwaje mun sanya kayan aikin mu na bincike - и . Na farko yana ba ku damar samun hoto na saman abu tare da babban ƙuduri na sararin samaniya da kuma nazarin abun da ke ciki, tsari da sauran kaddarorin saman yadudduka na kowane abu. Don yin wannan, yana duba su tare da mayar da hankali kan katako na electrons wanda aka haɓaka da babban ƙarfin lantarki.
Na'urar duba microscope yana yin abu iri ɗaya ta amfani da binciken da ke bincika saman samfurin. A wannan yanayin, yana yiwuwa a lokaci guda samun bayanai game da "tsarin shimfidar wuri" na samfurin samfurin da kuma game da kaddarorin gida, misali, yuwuwar wutar lantarki da magnetization.
Hoto: Ana duba microscope S50 EDAX
Waɗannan kayan aikin suna taimaka mana siffanta samfuran don ƙarin nazarin gani.
Ayyuka da tsare-tsare
Daya daga cikin manyan ayyukan dakin gwaje-gwaje yana da alaƙa da matasan jihohin haske da kwayoyin halitta a cikin kayan kidayar-exciton-polaritons da aka riga aka ambata a sama. Kyautar mega daga Ma'aikatar Ilimi da Kimiyya ta Tarayyar Rasha ta keɓe ga wannan batu. Babban masanin kimiyya daga Jami'ar Sheffield, Maurice Shkolnik ne ke jagorantar aikin. Anton Samusev ne ya gudanar da aikin gwaji a kan aikin, kuma sashin ilimin kimiyya ya jagoranci Farfesa na Faculty of Physics and Technology Ivan Shelykh.
Ma'aikatan dakin gwaje-gwaje kuma suna nazarin hanyoyin watsa bayanai ta amfani da soliton. Soliton raƙuman ruwa ne waɗanda ba su da tasiri ta hanyar tarwatsawa. Godiya ga wannan, siginar da aka watsa ta amfani da solitons ba sa "watsawa" yayin da suke yaduwa, wanda ke ba da damar haɓaka duka sauri da kewayon watsawa.
A farkon 2018, masana kimiyya daga Jami'ar mu da abokan aiki daga jami'a a Vladimir model na m-state terahertz Laser. Bambancin ci gaban shine cewa radiation ta terahertz ba ta "jinkiri" ta abubuwan da aka yi da itace, filastik da yumbu. Godiya ga wannan kadarorin, za a yi amfani da Laser a wuraren binciken fasinja da kaya don neman abubuwan ƙarfe da sauri. Wani yanki na aikace-aikacen shine maido da tsoffin kayan fasaha. Tsarin gani zai taimaka don samun hotuna da aka ɓoye a ƙarƙashin yadudduka na fenti ko yumbu.
Shirye-shiryenmu shine samar da dakin gwaje-gwaje da sabbin kayan aiki don gudanar da bincike mai rikitarwa. Misali, siyan Laser na femtosecond mai kunnawa, wanda zai fadada kewayon kayan da ake nazari sosai. Wannan zai taimaka da ayyukan da suka shafi kwakwalwan kwamfuta don tsarin kwamfuta na gaba.
Yadda Jami'ar ITMO ke aiki da rayuwa:
source: www.habr.com