Lokaci na ƙarshe game da raguwar IPv4 - game da wanda ya mallaki ƙaramin kaso na sauran adireshi kuma me yasa hakan ya faru. A yau muna magana ne akan wata hanya - ka'idar IPv6 da kuma dalilan da ke haifar da raguwar yaduwarta - wasu sun ce tsadar ƙaura ce ke da laifi, yayin da wasu ke cewa fasahar ta riga ta tsufa.
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Wanda ke aiwatar da IPv6
IPV6 ya wanzu tun tsakiyar shekarun casa'in - a lokacin ne RFC na farko suka bayyana suna kwatanta hanyoyin aikin sa (misali, ). A cikin shekarun da suka wuce, an inganta tsarin kuma an gwada shi har sai da ya faru a cikin 2012. kuma manyan masu samarwa sun fara amfani da shi - AT&T, Comcast, Internode da XS4ALL suna cikin na farko.
Daga baya wasu kamfanonin IT, irin su Facebook suka shiga. A yau, fiye da rabin masu amfani da shafukan sada zumunta sun fito daga Amurka tare da siga na shida na yarjejeniya. Har ila yau, zirga-zirgar zirga-zirgar Iv6 tana karuwa a hankali a cikin ƙasashen Asiya - Vietnam da Taiwan.
Ana inganta IPv6 a matakin duniya - a Majalisar Dinkin Duniya. Daya daga cikin sassan kungiyar a bara ya gabatar . Mawallafansa sun ba da shawarar ƙirar ƙaura zuwa IPv6 kuma sun ba da shawarwari don aiki tare da prefixes ga hukumomin gwamnati da kamfanoni masu zaman kansu.
Kayayyaki daga shafinmu na Habré:
A farkon shekara Cisco , wanda ya ce ta 2022 IPV6 zirga-zirga zai ninka sau hudu idan aka kwatanta da 2019 (). Duk da haka, duk da goyon bayan aiki na shida na yarjejeniya, irin wannan ci gaban abubuwan da ke faruwa yana da alama ba zai yiwu ba. IPV6 yana yaduwa sannu a hankali a duniya - a halin yanzu ana tallafawa shafuka. Kuma akwai dalilai da yawa na wannan.
Me ke hana aiwatarwa
Da farko, matsalolin fasaha. Don canzawa zuwa IPv6, yawanci kuna buƙatar sabunta kayan aikin ku kuma saita shi. A cikin yanayin babban kayan aikin IT, wannan aikin na iya zama mara nauyi. Misali, mai haɓaka wasan SIE Worldwide Studios yayi ƙoƙarin canzawa zuwa sigar yarjejeniya ta shida . Injiniyoyin sun sake duba tsarin gine-ginen cibiyar sadarwa, sun kawar da NAT kuma sun inganta ka'idodin Tacewar zaɓi. Amma ba su taɓa samun yin ƙaura gaba ɗaya zuwa IPv6 ba. Sakamakon haka, ƙungiyar ta yanke shawarar yin watsi da wannan ra'ayi kuma ta soke aikin.
Abu na biyu, high miƙa mulki halin kaka. Ee, akwai misalai a cikin masana'antar inda canzawa zuwa IPv6 ya ba kamfani damar adana kuɗi. Misali, ɗayan manyan masu samar da Intanet na Australiya cewa ƙaura zuwa IPv6 zai yi ƙasa da siyan ƙarin adiresoshin IPv4. Koyaya, ko da a wannan yanayin, dole ne a kashe kuɗi don siyan kayan aiki, sake horar da ma'aikata da sabunta kwangila tare da masu amfani.
Sakamakon haka, ƙaura zuwa sabuwar ƙa'idar tsara tsara tana biyan kyawawan dinari ga wasu kamfanoni. Saboda haka, ta yaya babban injiniya a ɗaya daga cikin masu samar da Intanet na Biritaniya, yayin da duk abin da zai yi aiki lafiya akan IPv4, canzawa zuwa IPv6 ba shakka ba zai faru ba.
/Unsplash/
Masana sun kuma lura cewa a cikin shekaru goma da suka gabata, sigar ta shida na ka'idar ya riga ya zama tsohon zamani. Injiniya daga Jami'ar Rutgers cewa IPv6 (kamar wanda ya riga shi) bai dace da aiki a cibiyoyin sadarwar hannu ba. Lokacin da mai amfani ya matsa daga wuri ɗaya zuwa wani, "tsohuwar" hanyoyin mikawa suna da alhakin sauya tashoshi na tushe. A nan gaba, lokacin da adadin adiresoshin IP da na'urorin hannu a cikin duniya ya karu sosai, wannan fasalin na iya haifar da jinkiri yayin haɗuwa.
Daga cikin wasu abubuwan da ke rage saurin canzawa zuwa IPv6, masana suna haskakawa ƙanƙan aikin haɓaka sabuwar yarjejeniya. Dangane da wasu binciken, a cikin ƙasashen yankin Asiya da Pasifik, ana watsa fakiti akan IPV4 da sauri fiye da IPV6 (). A Afirka ko Latin Amurka babu bambanci kwata-kwata wajen saurin canja wurin bayanai.
Menene al'amura
Duk da duk matsalolin, wasu masana sun gamsu cewa IPV6 yana da "makoma mai haske." A cewar ɗaya daga cikin masu haɓaka ƙa'idar yarjejeniya ta TCP/IP, Vinton Cerf, shahararriyar IPv6 hakika tana girma sosai a hankali, amma duk ba a rasa ga yarjejeniya ba.
John Curran, shugaban rejista na Intanet na Amurka ARIN, ya yarda da wannan ra'ayi. Shi , cewa manyan masu samar da Intanet kawai sun ji ƙarancin Iv4. Ƙananan kamfanoni da masu amfani na yau da kullun ba su lura da kowace matsala ba tukuna. Saboda haka, ana iya haifar da kuskuren ra'ayi cewa sigar na shida na yarjejeniya ta "mutu." Kuma a nan gaba (idan kun yi imani da hasashen Cisco), IPv6 ya kamata ya hanzarta yaduwarsa a duniya.
Abin da muka rubuta game da shi a cikin VAS Experts blog:
source: www.habr.com