An buɗe dakin gwaje-gwaje na mutum-mutumi a Jami'ar ITMO bisa tushen Sashen Kula da Tsarin Mulki da Informatics (CSIS). Za mu gaya muku game da ayyukan da suke aiki a cikin bangon sa kuma mu nuna muku kayan aikin: masana'antar injiniyoyin masana'antu, na'urori masu kama mutum-mutumi, da kuma shigarwa don gwada tsarin sakawa mai ƙarfi ta amfani da samfurin mutum-mutumi na jirgin ruwa.
Musamman
Laboratory na Robotics na cikin mafi tsufa sashen na Jami'ar ITMO, wanda ake kira "Control Systems and Informatics". Ya bayyana a cikin 1945. An kaddamar da dakin gwaje-gwaje da kanta a shekarar 1955 - a lokacin ya yi magana game da al'amurran da suka shafi aiki da kai na ma'auni da lissafin sigogi na jiragen ruwa. Daga baya, an faɗaɗa kewayon wurare: cybernetics, CAD, da na'urori masu linzami.
A yau dakin gwaje-gwaje na aiki kan inganta mutummutumi na masana'antu. Ma'aikata suna magance batutuwan da suka shafi hulɗar ɗan adam-na'ura-haɓaka amintattun algorithms na sarrafawa waɗanda ke sarrafa ƙarfin robot, da kuma yin aiki akan robots na haɗin gwiwar da za su iya yin ayyuka tare da mutane.
dakin gwaje-gwajen kuma yana haɓaka wasu hanyoyin daban don sarrafa nesa na ƙungiyoyin mutummutumi da ƙirƙirar algorithms na software waɗanda za'a iya sake tsara su don yin sabbin ayyuka akan layi.
Ayyuka
An siyi nau'ikan tsarin mutum-mutumi a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje daga manyan kamfanoni kuma an yi niyya don bincike ko dalilai na masana'antu. Wasu daga cikin kayan aikin ma'aikata ne suka kera su a matsayin wani bangare na bincike da ayyukan ci gaba.
Daga cikin na ƙarshe za mu iya haskakawa tare da digiri biyu na 'yanci. An tsara shigarwar ilimi don gwada algorithms masu sarrafawa don ajiye ƙwallon a tsakiyar kotu (zaka iya ganin tsarin yana aiki a cikin ).
Rukunin mutum-mutumi ya ƙunshi dandali na rectangular tare da madaidaicin firikwensin firikwensin da ke ƙayyadadden haɗin gwiwar ƙwallon. Ana haɗe raƙuman tuƙi zuwa gare ta ta amfani da haɗin gwiwa. Waɗannan injina suna canza kusurwar dandamali bisa ga siginar sarrafawa da aka karɓa daga kwamfutar ta hanyar USB kuma suna hana ƙwallon daga juyawa.
Rukunin yana da ƙarin servos waɗanda ke da alhakin ramawa don hargitsi. Don gudanar da waɗannan abubuwan tuƙi, ma'aikatan dakin gwaje-gwaje sun ƙirƙiri algorithms na musamman waɗanda ke “sauke” nau’ikan tsangwama, kamar girgiza ko iska.
Bugu da kari, wurin shakatawa na mutum-mutumi na dakin gwaje-gwaje ya hada da wurin bincike KUKA kuBot, wanda shine manipulator mai haɗin gwiwa guda biyar wanda aka ɗora akan dandamalin wayar hannu tare da ƙafafun ko'ina.
An gwada algorithms akan robot ɗin KUKA youBot . Suna amfani da tsarin hangen nesa na tushen kamara na dijital da hanyoyin sarrafa bidiyo. Tushen wannan aikin shine bincike a fagen sarrafa daidaita tsarin tsarin da ma'aikatan dakin gwaje-gwaje ke gudanarwa.
Ana amfani da algorithms masu sarrafawa don rama tasirin tasirin waje da ke aiki akan hanyoyin haɗin robot. A sakamakon haka, injin yana iya riƙe kayan aikin aiki a wani ƙayyadadden wuri a sararin samaniya kuma yana motsa shi a hankali tare da hanyar da aka ba.
Misalin aikin da aka aiwatar bisa tushen robot youBot KUKA shine . Tare da kamfanin Burtaniya TRA Robotics, mun haɓaka algorithm wanda ke ba mu damar kimanta ƙarfin hulɗar kayan aikin aiki tare da yanayi ba tare da na'urori masu auna ƙarfi mai tsada ba. Wannan ya ba robot damar yin ayyuka masu rikitarwa ba tare da taimakon tsarin waje ba.
Wani misali na saitin mutum-mutumi a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje shine tantanin halitta FESTO Robot Vision Cell. Ana amfani da wannan hadaddun don ayyukan fasaha wajen samarwa, misali walda. Don aiwatar da irin wannan yanayin, an saita aikin tsara motsi: kayan aikin walda wanda aka kwaikwayi yana motsawa kusa da kwandon karfe.
Bugu da ƙari, tantanin halitta yana sanye da tsarin hangen nesa na fasaha kuma yana iya magance matsalolin rarraba sassa ta launi ko siffar.
Aikin, wanda aka yi akan FESTO Robot Vision Cell tare da robot masana'antu na Mitsubishi RV-3SDB, yana magance matsalolin shirin motsi.
Yana taimakawa sauƙaƙa hulɗar mai aiki tare da mai sarrafa mutum-mutumi a lokacin da ake tsara rikitattun hanyoyi. Manufar ita ce a tsara motsi na kayan aikin mutum-mutumi ta atomatik ta amfani da kwane-kwane da aka nuna akan zanen raster. Ya isa ya loda fayil a cikin tsarin, kuma algorithm zai shirya abubuwan da suka dace kuma ya tsara lambar shirin.
A aikace, ana iya amfani da maganin da aka samu don sassaƙa ko zane.
Muna da shi a tasharmu , wanda "mai zane-zane na robot" ya nuna hoton A. S. Pushkin. Hakanan za'a iya amfani da fasahar don walda sassan sifofi masu rikitarwa. A zahiri, wannan hadaddun na'ura mai kwakwalwa ne wanda ke magance matsalolin masana'antu a yanayin dakin gwaje-gwaje.
Gidan dakin gwaje-gwajen kuma yana da matsi mai yatsu uku sanye da na'urori masu auna matsa lamba dake saman saman ciki na yatsunsu.
Irin wannan na'urar tana ba da damar yin amfani da abubuwa masu rauni lokacin da yake da mahimmanci don sarrafa daidaitaccen ƙarfi don guje wa lalacewa.
dakin gwaje-gwaje yana da samfurin mutum-mutumi na jirgin ruwan saman, wanda aka yi niyya don gwada tsarin sakawa mai ƙarfi.
Samfurin yana sanye da na'urori masu kunnawa da yawa, da kuma na'urorin sadarwar rediyo don watsa siginar sarrafawa.
Akwai wurin iyo a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje inda aka gwada aikin sarrafa algorithms tare da biyan diyya na tsayin daka da ƙaura.
A halin yanzu, ana shirin shirya babban tafkin don gudanar da manyan gwaje-gwaje tare da al'amura masu rikitarwa.
Yin aiki tare da abokan tarayya da tsare-tsare
Ɗaya daga cikin abokan hulɗarmu shine kamfanin Birtaniya TRA Robotics. Tare mu akan haɓaka algorithms sarrafawa don mutummutumi na masana'antu don masana'antar kera dijital. A irin wannan sana'a, dukan tsarin sake zagayowar: daga ci gaba zuwa masana'antu na masana'antu kayayyakin, za a yi ta robots da AI tsarin.
Sauran abokan tarayya sun haɗa da damuwa Elektropribor, wanda muke tsarin mechatronic da na'ura mai kwakwalwa. Dalibanmu suna taimaka wa ma'aikatan abin da ke damuwa a fagen kayan aiki, haɓaka software da ayyukan samarwa.
Mu kuma tare da General Motors, robotics tare da InfoWatch. Har ila yau, ma'aikatan dakin gwaje-gwaje suna hulɗa tare da kamfanin , wanda ke aiwatar da ayyukan don haɓaka tsarin daidaitawa mai ƙarfi don tasoshin ruwa.
Yana aiki a ITMO University , inda ƴan makaranta ke shirya gasa ta duniya. Misali, a cikin 2017 tawagarmu Duniya Robot Olympiad a Costa Rica, kuma a lokacin rani na 2018 ɗalibanmu biyu kyaututtuka a All-Russian Olympiad ga 'yan makaranta.
Mu jawo ƙarin abokan hulɗar masana'antu da ilmantar da matasa na masana kimiyya na Rasha. Wataƙila za su haɓaka robots waɗanda za su dace da duniyar ɗan adam kuma za su yi ƙarin ayyuka na yau da kullun da haɗari a cikin kamfanoni.
Ziyarar hotuna na sauran dakunan gwaje-gwaje na jami'ar ITMO:
source: www.habr.com