Haihuwar almara
A tarihi, dangin Windows na Microsoft sun zama tsarin aiki da ya mamaye duniya. An kayyade fifikon tsarin aiki guda ɗaya a tarihi. Idan Tarayyar Soviet ba ta ruguje ba a farkon shekarun 90 na karnin da ya gabata, da an yi amfani da tsarin aiki daban-daban a kan 1/6 na ƙasa da sauran wurare da yawa. Kuna iya yin ba'a game da Cheburnet na dogon lokaci, amma ga kowane mai ƙarfi software nata shine ainihin abin da ake buƙata na tsaron ƙasa. Amma wannan ba game da wannan ba a yanzu.
Gaskiyar ita ce, daya daga cikin wadanda suka kafa Microsoft, Bill Gates, ya sami kansa a cibiyar "Big Bang" tare da samfurin software. Kyakkyawan yanayi, baiwa da ikon gudanar da kasuwanci a duk faɗin dama (kuma babu wanda ya yi iƙirarin cewa dukkansu sun kasance masu ɗabi'a sosai daga ra'ayi na talakawa) sun sanya shi ɗaya daga cikin mafi arziki a duniya. Kuma jama'a, wanda ba shi da mahimmanci. Amma mutane kaɗan ne ke son masu hannu da shuni. Haka kuma, tsarin aiki na Windows, a matsayin babban samfuri mai rikitarwa da haɓakawa, ya isar kuma yana ci gaba da isar da abubuwan ban mamaki masu yawa ga masu amfani.
Amma wannan kuma ba shine batun tattaunawar ta yau ba. Duk abin da muke buƙatar tunawa a yau shine cewa Gates ya sami wadata daga yawan al'ummar Duniya. Shiga aljihun kowa! Kuma wannan ba shi yiwuwa ya zama wuce gona da iri. Ko da kun rufe idanunku ga gaskiyar cewa ita kanta Windows ba ta taɓa samun 'yanci ba, tun daga bazarar 2011, Microsoft ya fara karɓar kuɗin lasisi, musamman daga masu kera wayoyin hannu da Allunan masu amfani da Android. Misali, a cikin 2014 kadai, Microsoft ya samu dala biliyan 3,4 don samun lasisin Android. Wato jama'a a fakaice, amma a kai a kai suna ba da gudummawar wasu makudan kudade da yawa ga Microsoft da Gates.
Gaskiya ne, a cikin 2018 kamfanin ya yi haƙƙin mallaka akan Android kuma a kusan sun daina karɓar sarauta don amfani da su. Amma wannan kuma wata alama ce mai ban tsoro - a cikin 2018 ne Microsoft ya fito fili da yanke hukunci ya shiga cikin "Bude tushen": ya sayi GitHub, ya shiga wata kungiya don kare kariya daga trolls, da sauransu. Kamfanin ya yi tunani a hankali cewa ayyukan buɗe ido za su kai ga ƙarin mutane. Shin wannan ba hanyar mulkin duniya bane? Kuna lura da yadda komai ya dace?
Babban abubuwan da suka faru sun faru kwanan nan. A tsakiyar watan Maris na wannan shekara, 'yan sa'o'i kadan bayan Shugaba Trump ya ayyana dokar ta-baci a Amurka sakamakon kamuwa da cutar korona, ba zato ba tsammani Gates ya sanar da murabus dinsa daga kwamitin gudanarwa na Microsoft. Duk waɗannan rikice-rikice, shekaru masu yawa na aikin agaji tare da ba da fifiko kan yaƙi da annoba, tare da matsayin jagora a cikin sanannen "Biliyan Zinariya" sun taka rawar gani mara kyau game da fahimtar halin Bill Gates. Jama'a da yawa sun fara yi masa mu'amala, taimakonsa, farin jininsa na gaba daya, halinsa game da sarrafa kwamfuta gaba daya, da sauransu, tare da kara zato. Haka kuma, ana zargin Gates da fara barkewar cutar sankara ta coronavirus, da tsare-tsare na guntu har ma da lalata yawancin bil'adama.
A gaskiya ma, sun fara zargin Bill Gates na shirye-shirye masu banƙyama da dadewa, kuma ba a yanzu ba, kamar yadda, alal misali, a cikin yanayin magana mai ban sha'awa na Nikita Mikhalkov. Duk wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa Gates, tare da kuɗinsa da haɗin gwiwarsa, ya shiga cikin batutuwan magunguna da kuma, musamman, a cikin batun alurar riga kafi. Kuma wannan ya dace daidai da ayyukan kasuwancinsa - don isa ga kowa. Shin ya ketare hanyar wani? Ee, na ci gaba. Shin wannan yana amfanar talakawa? Ee, ina da. A cewar wasu alkaluma, mutane miliyan 1,5 galibi yara ne ke mutuwa duk shekara saboda rashin allurar rigakafi. Wannan abin da aka bayar kuma bala'i ne, amma yana yiwuwa kuma ya zama dole a yi tasiri a kansa.
Kada ku yi tunanin cewa wannan yana faruwa a wani wuri a cikin zurfin Afirka. Misalin yaduwar cutar kyanda a Turai a bara ya yi magana kan kansa, kuma tsarin duniya yana nuna cewa idan babu alluran rigakafi ko allurar rigakafi, annoba na ɗan lokaci ne kawai. Shin wani abin mamaki ne, don haka, cewa Gates ya bayyana damuwarsa a bainar jama'a cewa annoba a matsayin barazana ga rayuwar ɗan adam za ta zama wani yanayi mai yuwuwa fiye da yaƙin nukiliya? Wataƙila ya san halin da ake ciki a cikin lafiyar Amurka kuma yana son yin magana game da shi kafin barkewar cutar sankara ta bayyana ainihin yanayin. Koyaya, a wasu ƙasashe, in ban da wasu kaɗan, abubuwa sun kasance ba su da kyau sosai, kuma matsalar ta yi nisa da warwarewa.
Don haka, ayyukan Bill Gates a wajen bangon Microsoft suna da yuwuwa bisa buƙatu guda biyu a lokaci guda: rayuwar mutum a matsayin nau'in halitta da kuɗi (fiye da yawa, albarkatu don rayuwa da aiki). Ɗayan yana da alaƙa da ɗayan. Bill Gates na iya kasancewa da gaske a cikin sha'awar ceton rayuka (me ya sa?), Amma wannan bai hana shi zama ɗan kasuwa ba da kuma yin shirye-shiryen faɗaɗawa, ko shi ɗan kishin ƙasa ne ko kuma ɗan duniya. Halin halayen Gates shine cewa ya zama adadi a kan sikelin duniya, wanda ya sanya shi manufa mai dacewa don ka'idodin makirci kuma wanda ke jagorantar mu cikin ra'ayin wannan labarin.
Don haka, daya daga cikin gyare-gyare na yanzu na ka'idar makirci da ta shafi Bill Gates, wanda a karshen watan Afrilu. "Channel One" ya zargi Gates da taka rawa a cikin wani makirci na duniya a bayan al'amuran tare da burin ko dai ya lalata kusan dukkanin bil'adama banda "Biliyan Zinariya", ko kuma 'yan ƙasa na microchipping don sarrafa su ta hanyar gwamnatin "duniya". Daga wannan hangen nesa, cutar ta zama dalili ko hujja, ko ma wani al'amari ne da aka haifar, don aiwatar da tsare-tsare masu nisa.
Nikita Sergeevich Mikhalkov ya kara da wuta ga wannan labarin duka. A farkon watan Mayu, a cikin watsa shirye-shiryensa na yau da kullun, ya fito fili ya zargi Gates da niyyar yi wa 'yan kasar tsinke ta hanyar amfani da ko a karkashin rigar rigakafin. Ba za mu iya yin la'akari da nasarori ko gazawar tsarin Bill Gates a fagen rigakafin ba, amma a matsayin tushen IT mun san wani abu game da “chipping”, wato, wadanne fasahohin da “mugun hazaka” Bill Gates zai iya samu da kuma ko irin wannan. fasahar wanzu kwata-kwata .
Chipping yi a yau
Yana da kyau a fara da gaskiyar cewa a zahiri aikin microchipping rayayyun halittu yana da kusan shekaru arba'in. Kuma ita kanta ra'ayin ba shine farkon ɗari ko ma shekaru dubu ba. Don gano dukiyoyi, an yi wa bayi da dabbobi lakabi. Ko da alamar kalmar a cikin harshen Rashanci tana da ma'ana mara kyau, balle a yi guntuwa. Amma wannan ya shafi mutane. Babu wanda ya tambayi dabbobin - microchipping ya daɗe yana ba da damar kiyaye bayanan bayanai kan adadi da matsayin lafiyar dabbobi da ƙari ko žasa da dogaro da gano dabbobi. Misali, saka idanu akan lokacin rigakafin kuma yi ta atomatik ko ta atomatik. Ya fi sauƙi, mafi aminci kuma mai rahusa.
A sakamakon haka, farashin kiwo ya ragu, wanda hakan ke baiwa masu shi damar samun karin riba, kuma kasuwar sayar da kayan masarufi (microchipping) da bin diddigi ita ma tana karuwa, wanda kuma ke ba da damar samun kudi, amma ga sauran mutane. A yau, kasuwar microchipping dabbobi ta kai dala biliyan da yawa a shekara.
Shin zai yiwu a yi microchip mutane da alamun dabba? Yana yiwuwa, amma ga duniya a bayan al'amuran, duk abin da kowa yayi tunani game da shi, babu wata ma'ana mai amfani a cikin wannan, kuma a nan ne dalilin da ya sa. Wani nau'in alamar mitar rediyo (RFID) na gama gari waɗanda ake amfani da su don microchip dabbobi shine ƙira mai sauƙi wanda ya ƙunshi na'ura mai ɗaukar hoto tare da eriya da guntun ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya na goma, ƙasa da sau ɗari ko fiye. Alamar ba ta da nata tushen wutar lantarki kuma tana karɓar ta ta tashar rediyo daga na'urar daukar hotan takardu ta RFID - abin da aka jawo a cikin eriyar tag ta filin na'urar daukar hoto na lantarki yana cajin capacitor. Wannan na ƙarshe yana taka rawar ƙaramin baturi a cikin alamar (tsarin da kansa yayi daidai da cajin waya mara waya). A zahiri, duk wannan yana aiki bisa ga ka'idodi iri ɗaya waɗanda aka yi amfani da tags don kare kariya daga satar kayayyaki a kan ɗakunan ajiya, magnetic pass don turnstiles, da makamantansu: babu fasahar zamani a nan.
Radius karatun irin wannan alamar yana jere daga santimita da yawa zuwa decimeter da yawa kuma ya dogara da girman alamar da eriya. Sabanin tallace-tallace na asibitocin dabbobi da ke damun dabbobi, ba shi yiwuwa a karanta bayanai daga irin wannan tag gaba ɗaya daga nesa, kamar yadda ba zai yiwu ba don ganowa da gano dabbar da ta ɓace tare da taimakonsa. Ana iya gano dabba ta musamman idan an cika sharuɗɗa guda uku a lokaci guda: idan aka kama ta, ƙungiyar mai karɓa tana da na'urar daukar hotan takardu ta RFID kuma an shigar da bayanai game da dabbar (tag) cikin ɗayan shahararrun ma'ajin bayanai.
Farashin alamar mitar rediyo guda ɗaya a cikin ƙididdiga masu yawa daga 10 zuwa 90 cents, kuma hanyar shigar da irin wannan tag a cikin nama mai rai na dabba na iya kashe kusan 2 rubles. Ayyukan guntu tare da irin waɗannan alamun RFID na iya zama babban abin al'ajabi a farashi mai araha. Duk da haka, akwai nuance: ana aiwatar da hanyar ta amfani da wani abu kamar sirinji tare da allura mai kauri, ta inda aka saka guntu a cikin nama. Ba zai yiwu a yi magana game da kowane nau'in gabatarwar alamar alama ba - idan kun kusanci mutum tare da irin wannan "sirinji", yana da kyau idan mai haƙuri ya tashi da sauƙi kuma ba ya bayar da juriya mai aiki.
Amma bari mu ce wani abu mai ban tsoro ya faru - duk da haka an sanya ɗan ƙasa microchipped tare da alamar RFID. Matsakaicin abin da za a iya “dike” a cikinta lamba ce ta sabani (yawanci har tsawon haruffa 8), lambar ƙasa da lambar masu sana'a. Koyaya, ba zai yiwu a karanta bayanai daga nesa ba. Yana da wuya a sami irin wannan ɗan ƙasa daga tauraron dan adam. Ba shi yiwuwa ma a kiyaye tsarin karatun bayanan sirrin. Za a bayyana komai nan da nan da zaran mutanen da ke da na'urar daukar hoto ta RFID suka fara kula da kai akai-akai.
A wasu kalmomi, guntu, wanda ya yadu a yau, yana nufin ƙananan bayanai (mai ganowa a cikin ma'ajin bayanai) da matsakaicin rashin jin daɗi lokacin tattara su. Wannan aiwatarwa a fili bai dace da ka'idar makirci ba. Amfanin alamun RFID ɗin da aka ɗinka a ƙarƙashin fata na iya bambanta. Wasu mutane suna samun hanyar da ta dace don buɗe maƙallan lantarki, yin maɓalli na yau da kullun ba dole ba. Ko, alal misali, ana iya amfani da su don biyan kuɗi a cikin kantin sayar da kaya ba tare da kati ba. Amma a wannan yanayin, mai amfani ya yarda da yin chipping da son rai kuma, ba shakka, babu magana game da wani iko akansa.
Samfuran "Apocalyptic" na Microsoft
Ofaya daga cikin gardamar Mikhalkov da masu magana da suka gabata don goyon bayan munanan tsare-tsare na Microsoft da Bill Gates da kansu shine lambar lamba WO/2020/060606. Hakazalika, wannan aikace-aikacen haƙƙin mallaka ne na ƙasa da ƙasa da aka yi rajista akan gidan yanar gizon WIPO (Ƙungiyar Mallaka ta Duniya). Idan ka duba lambobin aikace-aikacen gaba da gaba, za ka iya gano cewa lambar aikace-aikacen WO/2020/060605 ita ma na Microsoft ce, kuma aikace-aikacen WO/2020/060607 Western Digital ce ta shigar da ita. Saboda haka, tare da lambar WO / 2020/060606, zaɓuɓɓuka biyu suna yiwuwa: ko dai Turawan Freemasons sun yi kuskure, ko kuma wannan kuskure ne mai nisa na adadin takamaiman aikace-aikacen haƙƙin mallaka tare da "lambar shaidan" 666. Da alama a gare mu cewa na biyu ya fi kusa da gaskiya a fili, musamman tun da asalin "apocalyptic" An yi rajista da ikon mallakar Microsoft a Amurka shekara guda kafin a Geneva, kuma yana da lamba mai tsaka-tsaki da marar ma'ana 16/138518. Matsayin haƙƙin mallaka da kuma sabon lamba , An karɓi wannan takarda a ranar 26 ga Maris, 2020. Ba mu fahimci inda "lambar shaidan" yake ba. Babu sittin mai kisa a cikin adadin da ake buƙata ko dai a nan ko a can.
Mun tsara lambobi, yanzu game da haƙƙin mallaka kanta. Mun yi magana game da shi daki-daki a cikin labarai domin . A cikin sake ba da kyauta na Mikhalkov, alamar Microsoft ta “Tsarin CRYPTOCURRENCY AMFANI DA BAYANIN AIKIN JIKI” ya haɗa da ɓata ƴan ƙasa da ƙarfafa su su ɗauki wasu ayyuka ta hanyar ba da lada a cikin cryptocurrency. Duk da haka, a gaskiya babu ambaton chipping a cikin patent. Masu haɓaka Microsoft sun ba da shawarar ɗaukar bayanai kan ayyukan jikin ɗan adam ta amfani da firikwensin waje da na'urar daukar hoto. Waɗannan na iya zama na'urori masu auna zafin jiki (auna zafin jiki), na'urori masu auna firikwensin don rikodin ECG ko kawai bugun zuciya (bugu), za a iya samun ƙarin hadaddun na'urorin MRI don bin diddigin jini a cikin kwakwalwa ko na'urori masu auna firikwensin don karanta ayyukan electrochemical na kwakwalwa. Amma duk wannan ba tare da gabatar da tsarin ma'auni a cikin jikin mutum ba, kodayake kalmomin "da sauran hanyoyin" na iya ɓoye wani abu. Babban abu shine dalilin da yasa aka gabatar da shi.
Tunanin Microsoft na bin diddigin ayyukan mahimman alamun mai amfani yayin aiwatar da wasu ayyuka a gaban kwamfutar shine kawar da lissafin ayyukan hash a cikin fasahar haƙar ma'adinan cryptocurrency ko aiwatar da ayyukan blockchain. Maimakon ƙididdige ƙididdiga, tsarin zai ɗauki bayanai daga na'urar daukar hotan takardu game da alamun mahimmanci na mutum na yanzu na mai amfani kuma, bisa gare su, ƙirƙirar lambar musamman da ba za a iya karyawa ba. Wannan wani nau'i ne na sa hannun mai amfani na musamman. Misali, yana zaune gaban kwamfuta, sai ya kalli wani talla, sai a rubuta alamominsa, aka dinka su cikin jerin ayyukan blockchain, ko kuma an kirkiro wani sabon block na cryptocurrency bisa tushensu. Tunanin Microsoft (kuma ra'ayi ne kawai, ba mu magana game da aiwatarwa a nan) shine don adana lokacin ƙididdiga da albarkatun da ake amfani da su don wannan, kamar wutar lantarki. Komai sauran hasashe ne marasa aiki.
Baƙi suna zaɓar binciken dubura, kuma ƴan ƙasa sun zaɓi nanotechnology
An fara shirin satirical na Kudancin Park a ranar 13 ga Agusta, 1997, tare da shirin matukin jirgi "Cartman and the Anal Probe." Kowane Ba'amurke ya san cewa baƙi sun shigar da binciken dubura a cikin mutanen da aka sace sannan kuma suka yi musu sha'awarsu. Zaɓin jigo mai nuni ga matuƙin jirgin, amma baƙi a cikinsa suna amfani da fasaha na baya a fili. Chipping yana buƙatar hanya mai hankali sosai. Bayan haka, duk abin da ya kamata ya zama marar ganuwa: za'ayi a ƙarƙashin sunan allura na yau da kullun ko ta amfani da facin alurar riga kafi. Don haka, Bill Gates, idan yana shirin wani abu makamancin haka, yakamata ya saka hannun jari a cikin karamin aiki. Ka tuna acronym "Wintel"? Gashi nan!
Intel da Microsoft sun yi aiki kafada da kafada kowane lokaci. Misali, Microsoft ya sha daukar nauyin taron Intel, gami da manyan abubuwan da suka faru kamar Dandalin Masu Haɓaka Intel. Saboda haka, a cikin al'amurran da suka shafi ƙaranci, Microsoft zai iya dogara da taimakon Intel, wanda ya dade yana gaba da dukan masana'antu. Amma a fasahar sarrafa 10nm ko ma wani wuri a baya, ya tsaya. Koyaya, har ma da fasahar aiwatar da tsarin Intel na 10nm, wanda ba shine mafi ci gaba ta ma'aunin masana'antu ba, ya ba da damar cimma ƙimar transistor da ba a taɓa gani ba - transistor miliyan 100,8 a kowace 1 mm2. Wannan shine kusan adadin transistor iri ɗaya da guntu na Intel Pentium 4 Prescott processor, wanda ya bayyana a cikin 2004. Akwai abubuwa da yawa da za ku iya yi da irin wannan kayan aikin. Gaskiya ne, idan muka magana game da kwakwalwan kwamfuta da aka gabatar a cikin jikin mutum, shi ne har yanzu wajibi ne don ko ta yaya warware matsalar RAM, tsarin iko, sadarwa tare da "mashahurin" da kuma hanyoyin sarrafa ayyukansu.
Babu shakka, ƙwaƙwalwar guntu da aka gina a cikin mutum dole ne ya zama mara ƙarfi. A yau, mafi girman ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya shine 3D NAND. Abin takaici, daga wani wuri, masana'antun 3D NAND sun daina buga bayanai akan yawan tantanin halitta a kowane yanki na guntu. Amma ya ishe mu mu sami madaidaicin ra'ayi na adadin da muke magana akai.
A ɗayan tarurrukan IEEE a cikin 2016, Micron ya bayyana cewa a cikin yanayin dakin gwaje-gwaje ya sami damar shawo kan muhimmin ci gaba: cimma ƙimar rikodin a wancan lokacin a cikin 3D NAND kuma ya zarce yawan rikodin magnetic platters na tukwici. Musamman musamman, akan inci murabba'in Micron mutu Kwayoyin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya tare da jimillar ƙarfin 2,77 Tbit. Dangane da 1 mm2, wannan ya kai 4,29 Gbit ko 536 MB. Ga mai sarrafa matakin Intel Pentium 4, wannan ba shine babban mafarki ba, amma yana da isasshen girma don aiwatar da umarni da adana bayanai.
Don haka, ya zuwa yanzu komai yana nuna cewa ana iya gina tsarin kwamfuta mai inganci a cikin mutum. Akwai albarkatu masu yawa don tsarin aiki na lokaci-lokaci.
Wanda ya ci da kyau yana aiki da kyau
Bari muyi kokarin gano abinci mai gina jiki. A cikin ƙaramin guntu wanda za'a iya shigar da shi ba a lura da shi ba a ƙarƙashin fata ko tsokar jikin mutum, kusan babu sarari don baturi. Za a ɗauki wutar lantarki daga wani wuri a waje. Za mu yi magana game da yiwuwar hanyoyin samun iko a kasa, amma a yanzu za mu ba da ɗan lokaci kaɗan don amfani da na'ura mai ƙira da aka gina a cikin mutum.
Intel da abokansa sun yi nisa don rage yawan amfani da guntu. Sama da shekaru goma da suka gabata, Intel ya fara haɓaka matakai da ƙirar kewayawa waɗanda za su ba da damar transistor suyi aiki a ƙarfin lantarki kusa da ƙimar kofa. Kafin wannan, an haɓaka dabaru tare da la’akari da ƙarfin canza canjin transistor sama da 1 V. Amma ga tsarin CMOS da aka saba da shi da tsarin silicon na yau da kullun, ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙarfin ƙarfin kofa yana da ƙasa sosai, yana da 36 mV. Sakamakon ci gaba da yunƙurin kawo aiki ga ka'idar, gaskiyar ita ce a yau masana'antun guntu na iya samar da dabaru tare da wutar lantarki ta transistor daga 300 zuwa 500 mV.
Ee, wutar lantarki mai aiki na hankali za a iya rage shi ta hanyar wani tsari na girma. Amma kuma ya kamata a tuna cewa raguwar samar da wutar lantarki na transistor zai haifar da karuwa a cikin gazawar dabaru saboda bambancin ma'auni na transistor yayin samarwa da canje-canjen halayen su a ƙarƙashin tasirin canjin yanayi. A sauƙaƙe, ƙananan ƙarfin samar da wutar lantarki (da amfani), ƙarancin abin dogaro da hankali komai yana aiki. Hakanan ya biyo baya daga wannan cewa don dogaro da aminci, dole ne ku yi sadaukarwa zuwa ɗan ƙaramin adadin transistor.
Don haka wane nau'in ƙimar amfani za mu iya magana akai? Bari mu kalli zanga-zangar Intel a lokacin faɗuwar IDF 2011. Sa'an nan kuma Gogaggen 32-nm Claremont processor (a kan gine-gine mai kama da Intel P54C) tare da transistor miliyan 6 akan guntu mai yanki na kusan 2 mm2. Ma'anar wannan na'ura ta fara aiki akan ƙarfin lantarki na 380 mV a mitar 10 MHz tare da amfani da kusan 1,5mW. A cikin yanayin rashin aiki, mai sarrafa na'ura ya jimre da ayyuka masu sauƙi na baya a matakin amfani na 10mW. Menene 10mW? Don kwatantawa: LED mai nuna alama na yau da kullun a cikin caja na wayar hannu yana cinye har zuwa 60mW, amma kawai manufarsa shine ya sa ta yi kyau. Gwajin na'ura mai rahusa na Intel Claremont yana buƙatar tushen wutar lantarki wanda ba shi da ƙarfi sau shida don farawa.
Yin la'akari da ci gaban gine-gine, hanyoyin fasaha da fasaha, yana da kyau a ɗauka cewa a yau yana yiwuwa a ƙirƙiri na'ura mai kwakwalwa ta Intel Pentium mai amfani da kusan 1 mW ko ma ƙasa. Amma a ina a cikin jikin mutum za mu iya samun kwanciyar hankali tare da ƙarfin 1 mW (kuma a gaskiya ma fiye da haka, tun da muna buƙatar ƙarfin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, mai watsa rediyo da wasu nau'in tsarin sarrafa mutum)? Akwai amsoshi da yawa ga wannan tambayar, amma duk da wuya su zama mafita mai dacewa da gaske.
Ƙaramar tantanin hasken rana-kimanin girman babban tambarin aikawasi-zai iya samar da wutar lantarki har zuwa 10mW, kamar yadda Intel ma ya nuna (duba hoto a sama). Amma wannan zaɓin ba shakka ba don kwakwalwan kwamfuta ba ne da aka dasa a cikin jiki. A kowane hali, irin wannan tsarin samar da wutar lantarki ba za a iya yin shi a asirce ba, ko da yake ba shi da wuya a aiwatar da shi a fili. Zai zama mai amfani don kunna kwakwalwar dasa shuki daga hasken rana da aka sanya a kai. Koyaya, a cikin yanayin tsinkewar tsinkaya da aka canza azaman rigakafin, wannan zaɓin ko shakka babu bai dace ba.
Hakanan za'a iya samun makamashi daga girgizawa da rawar jiki. An ƙirƙira agogon aljihu tare da iskar ruwan bazara ta atomatik shekaru ɗari uku da suka wuce. Fasahar microelectromechanical matrix (MEMS) na zamani suna buɗe hanya don ƙaramar samar da wutar lantarki waɗanda ke haifar da halin yanzu daga girgiza. A cikin watan Fabrairu na wannan shekara, daya daga cikin sabbin abubuwan da suka faru a wannan batu shi ne Cibiyar Faransa CEA-Leti.
Faransawa sun yi kwakwalwan kwamfuta waɗanda ke samar da wutar lantarki daga girgiza tare da ikon samarwa daga 100 µW zuwa 1 mW. A mikewa, wannan zai iya isa ya kunna guntu ɗin da aka ɗinka a jiki. Amma girman yana raguwa. Yin la'akari da hoton da ke gaba (duba sama) - kuma babu takamaiman bayanai game da girman janareta tukuna - microcircuit janareta yana da girma sosai. Idan za a iya sanya shi a ƙarƙashin fata ko a cikin sauran kyallen takarda masu rai, za a iya yin shi kawai ta hanyar tiyata. Wannan kuma ba zaɓi ba ne don ɓarkewar taro-alurar rigakafi. Zai ɗauki lokaci mai tsawo don warkewa da ƙaiƙayi - tabbas za ku lura.
Kuna iya la'akari da zaɓin fitar da wutar lantarki daga filayen lantarki - duka daga na'urorin lantarki da kuma daga kowane nau'in hayaniyar mitar rediyo (tashoshin salula, sadarwar rediyo, Wi-Fi, da sauransu). Amma akwai babbar matsala tare da duk wannan - kuna buƙatar babban na'urar eriya ta gaskiya. Ƙaramar alamar RFID a wannan yanayin ba za a iya la'akari da ingantaccen bayani ba. Na'urar daukar hotan takardu ta RFID tana da ikon yin ban sha'awa filin lantarki a cikin coil transponder, wanda ya isa ya samar da wutar lantarki har zuwa 10mW. A nan kawai na'urar daukar hotan takardu dole ne ta kasance a nisa na 'yan santimita daga mai karɓa, kuma mai karɓa dole ne ya sami babban na'ura mai karɓa a kan ma'auni na santimita da yawa.
Ƙaramar alamar mitar rediyo mai wucewa don tsinke dabbobi, waɗanda muka tattauna a sama, suna aiki da ƙaramin ƙarfi. A kowane hali, don canja wurin isasshen iko zuwa guntu da aka dasa a cikin jiki don aiwatar da dabaru masu rikitarwa - 1 mW na al'ada - na'urar daukar hotan takardu ko tushen hasken lantarki mai ƙarfi dole ne a kasance kusa da guntu na sirri. Wato, buƙatar kusancin kusanci da girman girman coil mai karɓa yana rage duk sirrin zuwa sifili.
Wataƙila amsar da za ta ba da wutar lantarki a cikin-jiki ta ta'allaka ne a cikin kyawawan halayen halayen electrochemical? Jikin ɗan adam yana kan matsakaicin kashi 60% na ruwa. More daidai, daga nau'ikan electrolytes iri-iri. A zahiri baturi ne. Misali, abubuwan da suka faru na baya-bayan nan da masu bincike daga Cibiyar Fasaha ta California suka yi amfani da gumin dan Adam a matsayin electrolyte. Faci, a cikin aiwatar da rushewar lactic acid ta hanyar enzyme a gaban mai kara kuzari, yana ba mutum damar samar da makamashi har zuwa 35 mW daga murabba'in santimita ɗaya. Amma ka'idar makirci ta sake rushewa da girman maganin. Wannan a fili ba don ɗaukar kaya ba ne, kuma idan irin wannan janareta an yi shi cikin tsoka, to matsalar cire kayan lalata za ta taso. A cikin shekaru 20-30, watakila wani abu zai zo daga gare ta, amma a yau ba shakka ba.
Abin da ke sama daidai ya shafi samun kuzari daga carbohydrates, musamman daga glucose (sukari). A gaban enzymes da masu kara kuzari, glucose a zahiri ya rushe kuma yana aiki azaman tushen kuzari. Gwaje-gwaje ta wannan hanya kuma har yanzu suna ci gaba. Yawancin batura masu samfuri waɗanda ke amfani da maganin glucose an ƙirƙira su a cikin dakunan gwaje-gwaje, amma haɗa irin wannan tushen wutar lantarki cikin jikin ɗan adam ƙalubale ne na wani tsari na daban. Wane irin batirin glucose za mu iya magana game da shi idan har yanzu ba a magance matsalar ciwon sukari ba?
Kuna iya tunawa game da wani tushen makamashi - zafi da mutum ya haifar. Mafi inganci masu canza zafi zuwa wutar lantarki sune abubuwan da ake amfani da su na thermoelectric bisa . Abubuwan Peltier na ƙananan yanki suna iya samar da ƙarfin 10, 20mW, ko fiye cikin sauƙi. Akwai da yawa irin waɗannan ci gaba, kuma sha'awar su ba ta raguwa (duba, misali, da hoto a sama). Wani abu kuma shi ne cewa don ma'aunin zafi da sanyio ya yi aiki, dole ne a sami bambancin yanayin zafi a ɓangarorinsa. Don yin wannan, dole ne a fitar da ɗaya daga cikin sassan ɓangaren don watsar da zafi a cikin sararin da ke kewaye. Kuma ba za a iya sake yin shi ba tare da an lura ba.
Don taƙaita ɗan taƙaitaccen balaguron balaguro cikin samar da wutar lantarki na sawa / dasa shuki, za mu iya da gaba gaɗi cewa a yau kimiyya da fasaha ba za su iya ba da ƙaramin baturi ko da na na'urorin lantarki masu sawa ba, har ma fiye da haka don ɓoyayyiyar (asiri). Microelectronics a wannan yanki ya dade yana shirye don bayar da wani abu mai ban sha'awa, amma a yanzu yana daidai da idan an ba ku don gina kwamfuta ba tare da wutar lantarki ba.
Tuni a nan za mu iya gama bayanin kula game da alurar riga kafi-chipization, amma za mu ci gaba. Mu tabo batutuwan sadarwa.
Wasan kwaikwayo marasa wasanni (radio).
Sai dai idan kai doki ne, wanda zai iya saka alamar mitar rediyo cikin sauƙi santimita da yawa a cikin tsokoki ko ƙarƙashin fata, to kawai za ku iya gano jikin da aka tsinke da alamun RFID ta hanyar karo da hanci zuwa hanci. Mafi girman guntuwar allura a cikin shanu na iya rufe paddocks ko ƙananan wuraren kiwo, amma a kowane hali radius bai wuce mita biyu zuwa uku ba. Ba za a iya lura da alamun RFID ko wasu alamun RFID a duniya ba. Haɗin da ya fi dacewa da wannan al'amari zai iya zama salon salula ne kawai, kuma tare da tashoshin tushe da ke kusa da juna.
Masu ra'ayin makirci sun hada biyu da biyu tare kuma sun samu ... biyar - 5G hasumiya na sadarwa sun fara konewa kusan a duk faɗin duniya.
Ku kalli wurin da bai dace ba, 'yan ƙasa masu kone-kone! Masu aiki sun daɗe suna rufe eriya ta salula. A yau, ci gaban birane yana da yuwuwar ganin wasu sabbin kayan ado sun bayyana fiye da hasumiya mai ban haushi da ta kasance shekaru 20 ko ma 10 da suka gabata. Wannan na iya zama bututun filastik mai sauƙin radiyo mai sauƙi tare da eriya da ke ɓoye a ciki, ko kuma wani yanki na talla na waje. Hoton da ke sama, alal misali, yana nuna yadda a cikin Amurka an ɓoye eriya a cikin ƙirar cactus mai girman rayuwa. Wannan al'ada ta zama ruwan dare gama gari, kuma sauye-sauye zuwa 5G zai sa eriya da hasumiya su zama marasa ganuwa a cikin birane da ma yankunan karkara. Mutanen da suka shagaltu da makircin duniya kawai ba za su iya gano su ba, ko kuma, a karkashin sunan fada da hasumiya, za su fara lalata duk abin da ba sa so.
Ana fara aiwatar da fasahar sadarwar 5G ne don rage jinkirin watsa bayanai. Don yin wannan, ana buƙatar shigar da hasumiya sau da yawa. Amma ba wannan hasumiyar da muka saba ba ce. Naúrar tashar tushe ta 5G, tare da ƙaramin sabar da aka gina a ciki, ƙanƙanta ce kuma tana da kwatankwacin girman girman kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka (hoton da ke sama misali ne na ɗaya daga cikin zaɓuɓɓukan tashar tushe na 5G na Huawei). Don samar da yawan jama'a, ana iya hawa tashoshin tushe na 5G a bangon gine-gine kuma ana iya canza su cikin sauƙi da abubuwan ado. Irin waɗannan tubalan ba za su haifar da zato ko fushi a tsakanin 'yan ƙasa ba. Har ila yau, akwai al'adar sanya sansanonin da aka yi wa ado da filastik akan sandunan fitilu. Wa ke kula da su? Yawan jeri tashoshi na tushe, ta hanya, kuma wata dama ce ta rage ikon siginar duka bangarorin watsawa da karɓa. Amma wannan ko ta yaya zai iya taimakawa wajen sarrafa guntu mutanen?
Da kyar. Nama na ɗan adam da ruwa a cikin nama garkuwa ne mai kyau don watsawar rediyo mai girma a cikin kewayon da sadarwar 5G ke aiki. Wannan yana nufin cewa eriyar transceiver 5G ba za a iya koma bayanta da zurfi cikin jikin mutum ba. Dole ne ya kasance kusa da saman fata kamar yadda zai yiwu, in ba haka ba za a buƙaci iko mafi girma don kafa sadarwa. Har ila yau, eriya don sadarwar 5G wani abu ne mai wuyar gaske, haɗaɗɗen sashin fasaha mai zurfi. Ba shi yiwuwa a sanya shi ganuwa don allura a cikin jikin mutum. Matsakaicin girman girman, saboda tsawon raƙuman radiyo da aka yi amfani da su, da buƙatar sanya eriyar 5G kusan a sarari suna magana da kansu - ga majiyyaci, dasa na'urar transceiver na 5G da eriya ba za ta tafi ba a sani ba.
Ana buƙatar faɗi kaɗan game da ƙarfin da ake buƙata don aiki na 5G transceiver (da kuma sadarwar wayar hannu gaba ɗaya). Lokacin da aka kafa sadarwa tsakanin mai watsawa da tashar tushe, ƙarfin siginar ya kai 1 W. Dole ne siginar ya kasance mai ƙarfi don ƙaddamar da ingantaccen aiki da kafa tashoshi mai dogaro, amma wannan matakin yana ɗaukar wani abu na millise seconds. Bari mu ce a cikin wannan yanayin, an ba wa ɗan ƙasa guntu mai ƙarfi mai ƙarfi (ionistor). Babban shimfidawa, amma mai yuwuwa a fasaha. Bayan matakin kafa sadarwa, ba a buƙatar irin wannan babban ƙarfin don aiki da tashar rediyo; za ku iya samun ta tare da ƙarfin tsari na dubban milliwatts. Yin la'akari da haɓaka algorithms gyara kurakurai da kuma yawan tura tashoshin 5G, muna ɗauka cewa samar da wutar lantarki na 10mW zai isa don tallafawa tashar sadarwa. Amma ko da wannan yana da matukar mahimmanci da ƙari ga kasafin kuɗin na'urar da aka dasa da kuma ragi ga ka'idar makirci.
Real chipization gobe: menene zai yi kama?
Daga duk abin da aka fada a sama, a fili yana bin wannan ɓarna na sirri, wanda, alal misali, ana iya canza shi azaman rigakafi, ba zai yiwu ba a matakin fasaha na yanzu. Duk da haka, wannan ba ya kawar da gaskiyar cewa dasa na'urorin da aka yi amfani da su a cikin jikin mutum na iya zama gaskiya a nan gaba. Zai faru ne ta wata hanya dabam dabam kuma tare da maƙasudai daban-daban idan aka kwatanta da abin da masu ra'ayin makirci ke tunanin. Don fahimtar inda ci gaban fasaha ke tafiya a zahiri a wannan yanki, yana da ma'ana don kallon yanayin Neuralink neural, wanda kamfanin Elon Musk ke haɓakawa da sunan iri ɗaya.
Makon da ya gabata Elon Musk kuma cewa a karshen shekara Neuralink zai fara gwajin asibiti na mahaɗan ɗan adam da na'ura akan mutane masu rai. A baya ya yi alkawarin gudanar da irin wannan gwaje-gwajen a bara, amma saboda wasu dalilai (mafi yiwuwar yanayin shari'a), dasa na'ura mai kwakwalwa na Neuralink a cikin kwakwalwar majiyyaci bai riga ya faru ba.
Ta yaya hakan zai faru. Bari mu ba da bene ga Musk: "Za mu yanke wani yanki na kwanyar a zahiri, sannan mu sanya na'urar Neuralink a wurin. Bayan haka, za a haɗa zaren lantarki da kyau sosai zuwa kwakwalwa, sannan a dinke komai. Na'urar za ta iya yin mu'amala da kowane bangare na kwakwalwa kuma za ta dawo da hangen nesa da aka rasa ko aikin gabobin da suka rasa."
Chipization bisa ga Elon Musk zai kasance wani ɓangare na babban aikin tiyata. Wannan ba maganin alurar riga kafi ba ne a saurin fashewar bindigar na'ura, yana buƙatar tsarin mutum ɗaya. Ana sanya kwakwalwan kwamfuta a cikin kwanyar majiyyaci, kuma ana nutsar da na'urorin lantarki a cikin kwakwalwar kwakwalwa bisa ga wani tsari na musamman.
Har ila yau, a fili, kwakwalwan kwamfuta da ke cikin kwanyar za a haɗa su zuwa wani inductor dake kusa da (babu wani abu da aka shirya don fitar da shi a waje), kuma na'urar na ciki za ta sadarwa tare da duniyar waje - tare da baturi da mai karɓar Bluetooth (sannan kuma tare da shi). kwamfuta) - za a yi ta amfani da fasaha mai kama da RFID.
Daga hotunan da aka gabatar za ku iya fahimtar abin da ainihin guntu zai yi kama. Manufar irin wannan guntu shi ne don ba da damar marasa lafiya marasa motsi ko mutanen da ke da mummunan rauni su sarrafa wayoyin hannu, kwamfutoci ko na'urorin lantarki tare da "ikon tunani." A madadin, yana iya yiwuwa a dawo da wasu kamannin gani ko ji. Wannan riga ra'ayi ne. A wasu lokuta, irin wannan tsarin zai taimaka wajen mayar da basirar motsa jiki a jiki idan lalacewar kashin baya ya lalata tashar kai tsaye don watsawa na jijiya.
A nan gaba mai nisa, Musk yana mafarkin haɗakar ɗan adam da hankali na wucin gadi, kuma, ba shakka, tare da taimakon irin wannan guntu ana iya sarrafa mutum. Wata rana wannan zai faru, amma sosai, da dogon lokaci. Shin za a sami masu adawa da irin wannan al'ada? Lallai! Za a iya kawar da jahilci ne kawai ta hanyar ilimin kimiyya, kuma tare da wannan a duniyarmu, har yanzu komai bai kasance a hanya mafi kyau ba.
ƙarshe
A sama mun yi magana dalla-dalla game da abin da ake iya fahimta (muna fata) ga mafi yawan mutane masu hankali. Abin baƙin ciki shine, Intanet ya samar da dandamali don kowane ra'ayi, gami da waɗanda ke da ƙayyadaddun almara na almara da ƙaramin tushen kimiyya ko ma da cikakkiyar rashin hankali. Ba za mu iya tsayawa a gefe ba kuma mun yanke shawarar yin magana game da batun chipization a cikin ruhun abin da zai iya kama da gaske a halin yanzu na ci gaban kayan lantarki. Duk lissafin da ke sama yana da ƙima, amma suna magana a fili game da matakin ƙarfin irin waɗannan hanyoyin.
Akwai ƙarshe ɗaya kawai: a yau babu fasahohin da ke ba da damar ƙirƙirar ƙaramar haɗaɗɗen bayani don gabatarwar da ba ta iya fahimta ko ma ta bayyana a cikin jikin ɗan adam don sarrafa ayyukanta. Koyaya, tsohuwar farfaganda tana jure wa wannan aikin daidai, amma wannan labari ne mabanbanta.
source: 3dnews.ru